CN103630473A - Active sludge online computer image analysis early warning system and an active sludge online computer image analyzing and early warning method thereof - Google Patents
Active sludge online computer image analysis early warning system and an active sludge online computer image analyzing and early warning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an active sludge online computer image analysis and early warning system and an active sludge online computer image analysis and early warning method thereof. The system consists of a sample diluter, a peristaltic pump, a computer, a high-speed camera, a microscope and a sample chamber. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a morphological image of a sample firstly and then processing the acquired image; analyzing floc size distribution and filamentous bacterium length distribution; associating the floc particle size distribution and filamentous bacterium length distribution of active sludge with settling properties of the active sludge so as to perform early warning on the settling effect of the active sludge.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of sewage disposal process detection technique, be exactly in biological wastewater treatment process specifically, the active sludge der Pilz situation of secondary sedimentation tank (second pond) is carried out continuous computer pattern analysis, thus the method that the mud der Pilz that may occur is expanded and carries out early warning.
Background technology
Activated sludge process is modal sanitary sewage disposal technology.Active sludge is realized mud-water separation through second pond, obtains the water outlet of clarification.The quality of activated sludge settling property is to obtain the key of better effluent quality, and the expansion of mud der Pilz is a key factor that affects activated sludge settling property.The skeleton forming according to mud flco is theoretical, and der Pilz can adhere to skeleton for active sludge flco provides, thereby the shear action of opposing waterpower keeps larger volume to be beneficial to sedimentation.But, when der Pilz excess growth, will affect the collision combination between mud flco, make active sludge become loose, cause activated sludge bulking.Modern times, reactor was removed by active sludge treatment factory, particularly nitrogen phosphorus, had the long residence time, and dissolubility easily biodegradable organics concentration is lower.These factors all can be beneficial to hyphomycetic growth.Therefore, monitoring in time the hyphomycetic situation of active sludge is the important leverage that guarantees the normal operation of activated sludge process sewage disposal system.
Microscopic examination is a common method of check active sludge form and der Pilz content thereof.But this method is more consuming time, the precipitation state of reactivity mud timely, and be easily subject to the impact of operating personnel's subjective judgement.These factors have all limited microbioscope and have detected the application aspect active sludge at-once monitor.The present invention utilizes the method for on-line computer graphics process to replace traditional microorganism microscopic examination, obtains the relation between active sludge form and settling property.Computer graphical process be a kind of from figure the method for Extraction and determination information.It has fast, quantitative advantage, and can avoid manually-operated subjectivity.
Phase at the end of the nineties in last century, utilize the method for computer graphics analysis to start to occur abroad to the method for active sludge flocculu shape analysis, by analyzing the diameter of active sludge flco, fractal constant, the indexs such as der Pilz total length are evaluated active sludge form and the impact on active sludge sedimentation thereof.In these existing methods, the size of active sludge flco generally represents by mean diameter.And the set that active sludge is generally comprised of the very large floc particle of difference in size.It is obviously not enough only by an average number, summarizing its size.Therefore in the present invention, the concept of flco size distribution and der Pilz length distribution will be introduced.
Existing active sludge computer graphics analysis method is all that off-line completes in addition, by hand sampling, preparation of samples, Image Acquisition and analysis, realizes.This is to have limited computer graphics analysis method in activated sludge bulking, to detect the key of application.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that 1, will solve
Existing active sludge image analysis method mainly completes by off-line method, and only can measure mud flco and hyphomycetic mean diameter and total length, cannot be as the online early warning of second pond effect of settling.The key issue that the present invention will solve, be just to provide a kind of can on-line computer Graph analysis method, active sludge form is carried out to real-time analysis.
2, technical scheme
For overcoming the above problems, the present invention, by on-line computer Graph analysis method, analyzes flco Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of active sludge in real time, and associated sludge volume index, thereby realize, second pond effect of settling is carried out to online early warning.
The invention discloses a kind of active sludge on-line computer image analysis system, this system consists of sample diluting device, peristaltic pump, computing machine, high-speed camera, microscope and sample chamber, sample diluting device is connected by circulation line with sample chamber, and circulation line is provided with peristaltic pump; Sample chamber is made by glass, is arranged on micro objective below; One high-speed camera is arranged on microscope ocular top, by microscope, sample mobile in sample chamber is taken; Computing machine, being used for controlling high-speed camera carries out Image Acquisition and peristaltic pump is controlled automatically, according to the flco Size Distribution of the graphical analysis active sludge obtaining and der Pilz length distribution, mud floc particle Size Distribution and der Pilz length distribution and activated sludge settling property are associated, active sludge effect of settling is carried out to early warning.
The invention also discloses the graphical analysis of a kind of active sludge on-line computer and method for early warning, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize and be arranged on the form image information of obtaining sample on the high-speed camera on microscope, send computing machine to;
Step 2: computing machine looks like to carry out image processing according to the aspect graph obtaining, analyzes flco Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of active sludge,
Step 3: observe active sludge flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof with the variation of the quantity of institute's analysis image, determine the active sludge amount of images of required analysis, graphical analysis number when flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof are stablized is required amount of images;
Step 4: by measuring settling property (with sludge volume index SVI) and mud floc particle Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of different activities mud sample, find the association between settling property and mud form characteristics of image, to analyze by inline graphics, draw active sludge morphological feature (the flco Size Distribution of active sludge and der Pilz length distribution), just can its effect of settling of early warning; Measure the linear dependence relation between der Pilz total length (TEFL) and sludge settling property.
Step 5: set settling property early warning value, computing machine basis is processed, analyzed the image obtaining, and is associated with the activated sludge settling property in step 4, and active sludge effect of settling is carried out to early warning.
1) mensuration of mud floc particle Size Distribution:
Mud floc particle Size Distribution mainly completes by the following steps:
(1) from the active sludge sample image obtaining, intercept still image, obtain active sludge sample MIcrosope image;
(2) MIcrosope image is converted into binary picture.The standard transforming is that gray scale is greater than to a certain threshold value
Pixel as ' object ', the pixel that gray scale is less than to this threshold value is as image background, threshold values
Size is generated automatically by image analysis algorithm;
(3) binary picture is carried out to noise reduction process, remove the impurity in image, obtain active sludge floc particle figure;
(4) active sludge flco Size Distribution is measured, and by the pixel quantity of single flco in counting floc particle figure, just can measure the size of flco, and the unit of the flco size that this pacing is fixed is pixel, after measuring, demarcates size;
(5) conversion of Pixel Dimensions and international standard long measure: utilize micro-scale of known length, measure its length in pixels, thereby be converted into international standard length.
2) mensuration of der Pilz length distribution:
(1) der Pilz is extracted, and binary picture and floc particle figure are subtracted each other, and just can obtain the binary picture of der Pilz and some granule foreigns;
(2) binary picture of der Pilz and some granule foreigns carried out to noise reduction and der Pilz is extracted to skeleton, obtaining the der Pilz skeleton image of length direction list pixel;
(3) by the single der Pilz pixel of counting, measure hyphomycetic length in pixels, and change into international standard length.
In step 3, to determine the active sludge amount of images of required analysis, in order to make the data of graphical analysis there is representativeness and reliability widely, prevent the contingency of single analyses, tackle same water sample and carry out repeatedly replication analysis.Active sludge flco is complicated three-dimensional structure, its size of measuring towards meeting impact in microscope camera lens.The present invention determines required minimum analysis times by observing active sludge flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof with the variation of the quantity of institute's analysis image.When standard deviation tends towards stability, needed amount of images is minimum amount of images requirement.
3, beneficial effect
Traditional active sludge microscopic detecting method is more consuming time, can not be as a kind of real-time monitoring method.And between different operating employee, also exist larger operate miss.The present invention utilizes the method for on-line computer pattern analysis to analyze active sludge form, in order to eliminate the subjectivity of artificial microscopic examination.Be a kind of fast, the method for quantitative measurement activated sludge settling property, can be used as a kind of means of at-once monitor sludge bulking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 active sludge on-line computer image analysis apparatus.
Fig. 2 active sludge sample typical case MIcrosope image.
Fig. 3 active sludge sample binary picture.
Fig. 4 active sludge flco sample particle.
The mensuration of Fig. 5 active sludge flco sample particle Size Distribution.
The conversion of Fig. 6 Pixel Dimensions and national standard long measure.
The extraction of Fig. 7 der Pilz image.
Fig. 8 der Pilz skeletal extraction.
The mensuration of Fig. 9 der Pilz length.
Figure 10 active sludge flco Size Distribution.
Figure 11 active sludge der Pilz length distribution.
Figure 12 flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof are with the variation of institute's analysis image quantity.
The correlationship of Figure 13 TEFL and SVI value.
Figure 14 active sludge inline graphics analysis software interface.
Embodiment
Be below the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the invention:
Step 1: configuration active sludge on-line computer image analysis apparatus, as Fig. 1, mainly consists of sample diluting device 1, peristaltic pump 2, computing machine 3, high-speed camera 4, microscope 5 and sample chamber 6.The effect of sample diluting device is the concentration of dilution primary sample, prevent that sample concentration is too high, obstruction is arranged on the sample chamber of microscope below, also can reduce in addition in sample floc particle overlapping, cause measuring error, Sample Dilution multiple is 1:9, and active sludge sample and indoor tap water enter sample diluting device according to 1:9 flow proportional; Sample, after dilution, has peristaltic pump to be transferred to sample chamber, is recycled to sample diluting device as discharging of waste liquid; Sample chamber is placed in micro objective below, it is that the glass cell that is 0.4 centimetre by 500 microns of thickness, 1.5 centimetres of length and width forms, sample chamber adopts (Ibidi, Germany, μ-Slide I, sequence number 004246) product, when sample therefrom flows through, can be taken it by high-speed camera; Microscope is Cai Si ordinary optical microscope, and object lens magnification adopts 50 times; Above microscopical eyepiece, high-speed camera is installed, video camera is taken frame number (as 2000fps) more than 1000fps; Be necessary for high-speed camera, because sample is at sample indoor moveable, common low speed video camera can not obtain image clearly; Separately there is one, computing machine, being used for controlling high-speed camera carries out Image Acquisition and peristaltic pump is controlled automatically, the performance of computing machine must meet the requirement that high-speed camera is taken and later image is processed, in general need to there is cpu2.5G, internal memory 2G and configuration more than hard disk 200G, for example adopt one of the SIGMATEL STAC92XX C-Major HD of Dell desktop computer.
Step 2: the exploitation of active sludge image processing algorithm, be mainly divided into two parts, comprise mud floc particle Size Distribution and der Pilz length distribution.
1) mensuration of mud floc particle Size Distribution:
Mud floc particle Size Distribution mainly completes by the following steps:
(1) obtain active sludge sample image, the device of building from step 1, takes active sludge image data by high-speed camera, then from image data, intercepts still image, so obtain as the active sludge sample MIcrosope image of Fig. 2;
(2) utilize MATLAB image analysis tool case that figure 2 is converted into binary picture (Fig. 3).The standard transforming be gray scale is greater than to a certain threshold value pixel as ' object ', the pixel that gray scale is less than to this threshold value is as image background, the selected MATLAB of the having function of this threshold values is chosen automatically;
(3) Fig. 3 is carried out the processing of making an uproar, remove the impurity in image, obtain active sludge floc particle Fig. 4, the object that is less than picture size 1% is deleted as noise;
(4) active sludge flco Size Distribution is measured, and by the pixel quantity of single flco in counting diagram 4, just can measure the size of flco, and the unit of the flco size that this pacing is fixed is pixel, and the size of demarcating after measuring is shown in Fig. 5;
(5) conversion of Pixel Dimensions and international standard long measure, utilizes micro-scale of known length, measures its length in pixels, thereby be converted into international standard length, as shown in Figure 6, the length of 100 microns, corresponding to 301 pixels, conversion standard is 3.01 pixel/microns.
2) mensuration of der Pilz length distribution:
(1) der Pilz is extracted, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are subtracted each other, and just can obtain the binary picture (Fig. 7) of der Pilz and some granule foreigns;
(2) Fig. 7 carried out to noise reduction and der Pilz is extracted to skeleton, obtaining the der Pilz skeleton image (Fig. 8) of length direction list pixel;
(3) by the single der Pilz pixel of counting, measure hyphomycetic length in pixels (Fig. 9), and change into international standard length.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 are the above pattern analysis algorithm acquisition of process, the floc particle size of different settling property active sludge and der Pilz length distribution.
Step 3: determine the active sludge amount of images of required analysis, in order to make the data of graphical analysis there is representativeness and reliability widely, prevent the contingency once analyzed, tackle same water sample and carry out repeatedly replication analysis.Active sludge flco is complicated three-dimensional structure, its size of measuring towards meeting impact in microscope camera lens.The present invention determines required minimum analysis times by observing active sludge flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof with the variation of the quantity of institute's analysis image.When standard deviation tends towards stability, needed amount of images is minimum amount of images requirement.As seen from Figure 12, after analyzing 30 images, standard deviation is reduced to below 10% of mean value, and while analyzing 50 images, standard deviation tends towards stability.
Step 4: by measuring settling property (with sludge volume index SVI) and mud floc particle Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of different activities mud sample, find the association between settling property and mud form characteristics of image, to analyze by inline graphics, draw active sludge morphological feature, just can its effect of settling of early warning.Selection SVI value is 76,84,86,90,95,102 active sludge, the expression settling property that SVI value is lower is good, by measuring their particle size distribution and der Pilz length distribution, can see that der Pilz length distribution is associated with SVI closely, two samples (76 and 84) that SVI value is lower (are less than 60 microns) and distribute often in compared with sarconeme shape bacterium length of interval.It is more that the sample that SVI value is larger (90,95 and 102) (60-955 micron) in longer der Pilz length of interval distributes.
Calculate the related coefficient between der Pilz total length (TEFL) and SVI value, as shown in figure 13, SVI value and TEFL are linear positive correlation to result.SVI value from 76 to 102, has produced less variation, and reaction is on TEFL, is but the larger variation from 680 microns to 2600 microns.The difference of activated sludge settling property, is reflected enlargedly by TEFL index, and the TEFL index that key diagram picture is processed can reflect sludge settling property more delicately than traditional SVI index.Image processing is simultaneously also a kind of measuring method fast, is easy to realize real-time monitoring.
Step 5: by the computing machine in step 1 to peristaltic pump and the control to high-speed camera Image Acquisition, integrate with the image analysis algorithm of mud floc particle Size Distribution in step 2 and der Pilz length distribution, utilize MATLAB gui tool, exploitation integrated image analytic function software; And be associated with the activated sludge settling property in step 4, active sludge effect of settling is carried out to early warning.Software users interactive interface is shown in Figure 14.
Claims (3)
1. an active sludge on-line computer image analysis system, it is characterized in that this system consists of sample diluting device, peristaltic pump, computing machine, high-speed camera, microscope and sample chamber, sample diluting device is connected by circulation line with sample chamber, and circulation line is provided with peristaltic pump; Sample chamber is made by glass, is arranged on micro objective below; One high-speed camera is arranged on microscope ocular top, by microscope, sample mobile in sample chamber is taken; Computing machine, being used for controlling high-speed camera carries out Image Acquisition and peristaltic pump is controlled automatically, according to the flco Size Distribution of the graphical analysis active sludge obtaining and der Pilz length distribution, mud floc particle Size Distribution and der Pilz length distribution and activated sludge settling property are associated, active sludge effect of settling is carried out to early warning.
2. the graphical analysis of active sludge on-line computer and a method for early warning, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: utilize and be arranged on the image information of obtaining sample on the high-speed camera on microscope, send computing machine to;
Step 2: computing machine looks like to carry out image processing according to the aspect graph obtaining, analyzes flco Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of active sludge,
Step 3: observe active sludge flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof with the variation of the quantity of institute's analysis image, determine the active sludge amount of images of required analysis, graphical analysis number when flco mean diameter and standard deviation thereof are stablized is required amount of images;
Step 4: by measuring settling property and mud floc particle Size Distribution and the der Pilz length distribution of different activities mud sample, find the association between settling property and mud form characteristics of image; Measure the linear dependence relation between der Pilz total length and sludge settling property;
Step 5: set settling property early warning value, computing machine basis is processed, analyzed the image obtaining, and is associated with the activated sludge settling property in step 4, and active sludge effect of settling is carried out to early warning.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2, active sludge image is processed and is comprised mud floc particle Size Distribution and der Pilz length distribution; Specific as follows:
1) mensuration of mud floc particle Size Distribution:
Mud floc particle Size Distribution mainly completes by the following steps:
(1) from the active sludge sample image obtaining, intercept still image, obtain active sludge sample MIcrosope image;
(2) MIcrosope image is converted into binary picture.The standard transforming be gray scale is greater than to a certain threshold value pixel as ' object ', the pixel that gray scale is less than to this threshold value is as image background, the size of threshold values is generated automatically by image analysis algorithm;
(3) binary picture is carried out to noise reduction process, remove the impurity in image, obtain active sludge floc particle figure;
(4) active sludge flco Size Distribution is measured, and by the pixel quantity of single flco in counting floc particle figure, just can measure the size of flco, and the unit of the flco size that this pacing is fixed is pixel, after measuring, demarcates size;
(5) conversion of Pixel Dimensions and international standard long measure: utilize micro-scale of known length, measure its length in pixels, thereby be converted into international standard length.
2) mensuration of der Pilz length distribution:
(1) der Pilz is extracted, and binary picture and floc particle figure are subtracted each other, and just can obtain the binary picture of der Pilz and some granule foreigns;
(2) binary picture of der Pilz and some granule foreigns carried out to noise reduction and der Pilz is extracted to skeleton, obtaining the der Pilz skeleton image of length direction list pixel;
(3) by the single der Pilz pixel of counting, measure hyphomycetic length in pixels, and change into international standard length.
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| CN104914213A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-09-16 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for early warning of activated sludge filamentous bacterium expansion |
| CN105223115A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州工业园区清源华衍水务有限公司 | A kind of sludge settling ratio observation device and apply the observation procedure of this device |
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| CN104914213A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-09-16 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for early warning of activated sludge filamentous bacterium expansion |
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| CN116008139A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-04-25 | 华中科技大学 | Evaluation method and evaluation system for fractal dimension of particles in dispersion system |
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