CN103627373B - 能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液 - Google Patents
能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液 Download PDFInfo
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本公开了一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方是:水溶液中各物质的浓度:钙离子的浓度0~0.8mol/L,乙醇的体积分数8~10%,PH值10~14。本发明是一种对红砂岩的崩解有较好的抑制效果且成本低廉的能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种冷却液,特别是涉及一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液。
背景技术
通常所称的“红砂岩”主要是指侏罗纪到新近纪的陆相红色岩系,岩性为泥岩、砂岩、泥质砂岩、砂质泥岩、粉砂岩等,又统称“红层软岩”。在天然条件下,红砂岩的单轴抗压强度较低,属软质岩。因其大多为泥质胶结,遇水易软化、崩解。研究表明,其崩解机理如下:红砂岩中黏土矿物、特别是蒙脱石的结构单元层间以氧——氧键相联结,键力极弱,遇水后具有氧键的强极化水分子很容易楔入其中,使其分开。与此同时,其结构单元体中的三价铝离子往往为低价阳离子(如镁离子Mg2+等)所置换,导致八面体浅层面上容易出现多余负电荷,吸附水中阳离子,使极化水分子变为水化阳离子H30+而进入其结构单元层间和水化膜之中,使得层问间距及水化膜厚度增大,进而造成颗粒体积膨胀。而这种体积膨胀往往是不均匀的,导致岩石内部应力的不均匀而使得岩石颗粒碎裂;另外,岩石胶结物会有部分被水所稀释、软化或者溶解。因此,岩石由于失去颗粒间的联结而解体。尤其是若岩石经过反复的“浸水-失水-浸水”的干湿循环,岩石颗粒经历往复的膨胀、收缩,其崩解就会更加迅速。【1】
锚固技术来在岩土地层加固应用广泛,如边坡、矿山巷道等【2】。锚杆钻孔施工中,因为钻头高速旋转与地层摩擦发热,会使钻头过热,因此在钻孔过程中需要冷却。锚杆钻孔施工一般采用水作为冷却液。在红砂岩地层中进行锚杆施工时,采用水作为冷却液进行钻孔,虽然能冷却钻头,但是水会导致红砂岩在钻孔过程中崩解,导致锚杆与地层的摩阻力下降,最终导致锚杆承载力下降,使加固效率降低。因此在红砂岩地区进行锚杆施工需要既能冷却钻头,又能避免红砂岩在钻孔过程中岩石崩解的冷却液。
为探寻抑制红砂岩的崩解,刘晓明【3】等对I类红砂岩崩解性状进行了崩解实验,发现红砂岩在不同化学成分的崩解液中的崩解程度和性状不同,各种崩解液中,抑制崩解能力由强到弱依次为Ca(OH)2>CaCl2饱和液>2.0mol/L的CaCl2、NaCl,MgCl2溶液,即抑制红砂岩的崩解能力最强的是Ca(OH)2饱和液,其次是CaCl2。
基于现有研究成果,发明人认为研发在红砂岩地区锚杆施工中能抑制、消除红砂岩崩解的冷却液不仅技术上可能,而且工程上应用前景广阔。
由于Ca(OH)2溶解度低,CaCl2溶液效果稍差。发明人又对无机、有机,固、液相多种物质的溶液进行了大量抑制红砂岩崩解的试验研究,最后得到了对抑制红砂岩崩解效果最佳的红砂岩地区锚杆施工冷却液配方。
背景材料:
【1】吴道祥,刘宏杰,王国强.红砂岩崩解性室内试验研究,岩石力学工程学报2010年第29卷第A02期
【2】闰莫明徐祯祥苏自约.岩土锚固技术.人民交通出版社
【3】刘晓明,熊力,张亮亮,赵明华.I类红砂岩崩解性抑制措施试验研究,公路交通科技,2011,28(3):25-29
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种对红砂岩的崩解有较好的抑制效果的锚杆钻孔冷却液。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供的能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:钙离子的浓度0mol/L~0.8mol/L,乙醇的体积分数8%~10%,PH值10~14。
优选地,乙醇的体积分数10%,钙离子浓度0.8mol/L,PH值10。
所述的钙离子是指:CaCl2或Ca(OH)2盐中的钙离子。
采用上述技术方案的冷却液,对红砂岩崩解有较好的抑制效果:实验表明,乙醇的浓度越高对红砂岩的崩解抑制效果越好,但是由于体积分数超过百分之五十的乙醇溶液能点燃;另一方面,钙盐对抑制红砂岩崩解也有较好的效果。鉴于百分之十的乙醇溶液不可燃,且抑制效果也较明显,在其中加入钙盐,效果基本能达到最佳。由于乙醇和钙离子价格便宜,便于采购、运输和存储,因此本技术方案是信价比最佳的方案。
综上所述,本发明是一种对红砂岩崩解有较好的抑制效果且成本低廉的能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的效果照片。
图2是实施例2的效果照片。
图3是实施例3的效果照片。
图4是实施例4的效果照片。
图5是实施例5的效果照片。
图6是纯水冷却液的效果照片。
具体实施方式
正面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1:
参见图1,一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:CaCl2的钙离子的浓度0.8mol/L,乙醇的体积分数10%,PH值10。
实施例2:
参见图2,一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:Ca(OH)2的钙离子的浓度0.002mol/L,乙醇的体积分数8%,PH值10。
实施例3:
参见图3,一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:乙醇的体积分数10%,PH值9。
实施例4:
参见图4,一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:CaCl2的钙离子的浓度0.4mol/L,乙醇的体积分数9%,PH值8。
实施例5:
参见图5,一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:Ca(OH)2的钙离子的浓度0.001mol/L,乙醇的体积分数9%,PH值7。
上述实施例与图6所述的纯水冷却液相比,本发明提供的冷却液对红砂岩的崩解有较好的抑制效果。
Claims (2)
1.一种能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其特征是:其配方为:水溶液中各物质的浓度:钙离子的浓度0.8mol/L,乙醇的体积分数10%,pH值10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的能抑制红砂岩地区锚杆钻孔崩解的冷却液,其特征是:所述的钙离子是指:CaCl2或Ca(OH)2的钙离子。
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