CN103616712A - Measuring method and system for detection efficiency of airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Measuring method and system for detection efficiency of airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616712A CN103616712A CN201310667210.1A CN201310667210A CN103616712A CN 103616712 A CN103616712 A CN 103616712A CN 201310667210 A CN201310667210 A CN 201310667210A CN 103616712 A CN103616712 A CN 103616712A
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- iodine
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- filter paper
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring method and a measuring system for detection efficiency of an airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus, which can accurately scale and detect detection efficiency of the airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus. A technical scheme is as follows: a radioactive iodine activity reference scale is adopted for scaling and detecting to measure the detection efficiency of the airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus. The detection efficiency of the airborne radioactive iodine measuring apparatus is measured in a quantified manner by producing, storing and sampling gaseous iodine as well as determining measuring standards.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument measure of effectiveness method, relate in particular to the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and system.
Background technology
Nuclear safety is the prerequisite that nuclear industry develops in a healthy way, the safe operation of nuclear reactor is the most important thing of guaranteeing nuclear safety, nuclear power station heat island inside and the monitoring of surrounding enviroment fission products, and the radioactivity monitoring to recirculated water, be one of the ruuning situation on nuclear reactor, important evidence that surrounding enviroment and the public's impact work is assessed.
Iodine-131 nucleic is one of main fission products.The radioactive isotope of iodine has
125i,
129i,
131i, the Airborne Radioiodine in nuclear power station gaseous effluent stream or ambient atmosphere is mainly
131i, comprises iodine and the organic iodine of gaseous state, particulate.
The monitoring of Airborne Radioiodine is that nuclear facilities and surrounding enviroment fission products thereof are monitored one of indispensable means, is also an important content of radiation environmental monitoring.
In atmosphere, the monitoring of radioiodine has two kinds of methods, and the one, adopt Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument to carry out real time on-line monitoring, the 2nd, with after air sampler sampling, sampling filter paper being done to spectral measurement.
The Airborne Radioiodine collector that for surveying instrument, filter screen, active carbon filter paper and iodine box (activated-carbon filter box) form carries out continuous acquisition, and semiconductor detector is measured in real time to collector.
Counting rate after instrument deduction background obtains activity measurement value divided by detection efficiency, is obtained the cumulative volume of sampled air by the product of sampling flow and time, and the ratio of activity measurement value and sampled air volume is sampled air
131i nucleic volume activity.
Visible, accurate calibration Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument detection efficiency is to ensure monitoring result gordian technique accurately.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to address the above problem, a kind of measuring method and system of detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument is provided, can accurate calibration and the detection efficiency that detects Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the present invention has disclosed a kind of measuring method of detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument, comprising:
Step 1: carry out gas and carry
131the generation of I and collection;
Step 2: the mensuration of radioactivity;
Step 3: the scale of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and detection.
According to an embodiment of the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, step 1 comprises:
In reaction vessel, by chemical form, be NaI
131i solution and Fe
2(SO
4)
3reaction produces I
2, the iodine distillation that reaction generates forms gaseous state
131i
2, it is indoor that conveying is stored in iodine;
Iodine collector gathers by recycle design in the mode of simulated atmosphere sampling from iodine chamber
131i.
An embodiment according to the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention adopts electric heating temperature control mode in the cavity of iodine chamber, and iodine chamber is connected with inner loop mode with reaction vessel.
According to an embodiment of the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, iodine collector is combined by filter screen, active carbon filter paper, filter box.
According to an embodiment of the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, step 2 comprises:
Active carbon filter paper is cut into the circle identical with iodine collector internal diameter, by known specific activity
131i solution quantitative and even drops on filter paper and dries, and can be obtained the radioactivity in filter paper source by the specific activity that drops in amount of solution on filter paper and solution;
With HpGe gamma ray spectrometer, measure the activity value in filter paper source;
In the altitude range of iodine box inner chamber, with a predetermined interval, successively set filter paper source height, filter paper is filled with activated charcoal down to detector surface, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer while obtaining filter paper spacing detector surface differing heights according to measurement result;
By activity value, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer to differing heights filter paper source in filter paper source, by covering snap gauge, intend calculative determination HpGe gamma ray spectrometer in iodine collector
131the detection efficiency of I radioactivity;
To determine the HpGe gamma ray spectrometer of detection efficiency, measure in iodine collector
131i radioactivity.
According to an embodiment of the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, step 3 comprises:
Will
131the I radioactivity iodine collector of definite value is arranged on the corresponding position of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and measures, and the instrument counting rate after deduction background and the ratio of radioactivity are detection efficiency.
The present invention has also disclosed a kind of measuring system of detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument, comprise iodine generation and acquisition subsystem and detection efficiency measurement subsystem, wherein iodine generation and acquisition subsystem further comprise reaction vessel, iodine chamber and iodine collector, reaction vessel is all connected with iodine chamber with iodine collector, detection efficiency measurement subsystem further comprises connected successively high purity germanium detector, prime amplifier, Spectroscopy amplifier, digitizing gamma ray spectrometer, multiple tracks buffer memory and interface and computing machine, wherein the input end of high purity germanium detector connects the output terminal of iodine collector, high purity germanium detector is connected with high-voltage power supply with prime amplifier.
According to an embodiment of the measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, iodine collector is combined by filter screen, active carbon filter paper and filter box.
According to an embodiment of the measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention, iodine chamber is that an inner chamber is horizontal closed container cylindraceous, and electric heating temperature control device is installed in cavity, and the both sides that are plane are provided with view window and thief hatch.
The present invention contrasts prior art following beneficial effect: the solution of the present invention is to adopt radioiodine volume activity carry out scale and detect to measure the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument with reference to mark.By to the generation of gaseous iodine, storage and sampling and to the determining of measurement standard, make the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument be quantized measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the process flow diagram of preferred embodiment of measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of preferred embodiment of measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the structural drawing of iodine generation of the present invention and acquisition subsystem.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of iodine collector of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the structural representation of iodine of the present invention chamber.
Fig. 6 shows the structural drawing of detection efficiency measurement subsystem of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of preferred embodiment of measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention.Refer to Fig. 1, details are as follows for the implementation step of the measuring method of the present embodiment.
Step 1: carry out gas and carry
131the generation of I and collection.
In this step, main implementation process is: in reaction vessel, by chemical form, be NaI
131i solution and Fe
2(SO
4)
3reaction produces I
2, the iodine distillation that reaction generates forms gaseous state
131i
2, it is indoor that conveying is stored in iodine; Iodine collector gathers by recycle design in the mode of simulated atmosphere sampling from iodine chamber
131i.Iodine collector is combined by filter screen, active carbon filter paper, filter box.And in the cavity of iodine chamber, adopting electric heating temperature control mode, iodine chamber is connected with inner loop mode with reaction vessel.
Step 2: the mensuration of radioactivity.
The specific implementation process of this step is: active carbon filter paper is cut into the circle identical with iodine collector internal diameter, by known specific activity
131i solution quantitative and even drops on filter paper and dries, and can be obtained the radioactivity in filter paper source by the specific activity that drops in amount of solution on filter paper and solution.With HpGe gamma ray spectrometer, measure the activity value in filter paper source.In the altitude range of iodine box inner chamber, with a predetermined interval, successively set filter paper source height, filter paper is filled with activated charcoal down to detector surface, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer while obtaining filter paper spacing detector surface differing heights according to measurement result.By activity value, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer to differing heights filter paper source in filter paper source, by covering snap gauge, intend calculative determination HpGe gamma ray spectrometer in iodine collector
131the detection efficiency of I radioactivity.To determine the HpGe gamma ray spectrometer of detection efficiency, measure in iodine collector
131i radioactivity.
Step 3: the scale of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and detection.
In this step, be by
131the I radioactivity iodine collector of definite value is arranged on the corresponding position of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and measures, and the instrument counting rate after deduction background and the ratio of radioactivity are detection efficiency.
Fig. 2 shows the principle of preferred embodiment of measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument of the present invention.Refer to Fig. 2, the measuring system of the present embodiment comprises that iodine produces and acquisition subsystem 1 and detection efficiency measurement subsystem 2.
The principle of the measuring system of the present embodiment is: with Na
131i solution and and Fe
2(SO
4)
3reaction produces
131i
2, with Fe
2(SO
4)
3reaction produces I
2, distilling as inputting reservoir vessel " iodine chamber " after gaseous state, the mode with iodine collector with simulated atmosphere sampling gathers gaseous state and aerosolized from iodine chamber
131i nucleic, in HpGe gamma ray spectrometer Accurate Determining iodine collector
131i nucleic radioactivity.
In iodine collector
131i nucleic radioactivity is through accurate definite value, as the measurement standard of scale, detection Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument detection efficiency.
As shown in Figure 3, iodine generation and acquisition subsystem 1 further comprise reaction vessel 10, iodine chamber 11 and iodine collector 12.Reaction vessel 10 is all connected with iodine chamber 11 with iodine collector 12.Iodine collector 12 specifically refers to Fig. 4, by filter screen, active carbon filter paper 120 and filter box 121, is combined.
The structure of iodine chamber 11 as shown in Figure 5, is that to be laterally cylindric, volume be (0.5～1.0) m to an inner chamber
3closed container, electric heating temperature control device (temperature control system 114 being arranged on outside temperature sensor 110, LED lamp 111, electrical heating wire 112, heat-insulation layer 113 and the cavity in cavity as shown in the figure forms) is installed in cavity, ℃ adjustable in (room temperature～80), the both sides that cavity is plane are provided with view window 115 and thief hatch 116.
Iodine chamber 11 is connected with inner loop mode with reaction vessel 10, and air pump produces the air-flow of 2l/min flow velocity, and chemical reaction is produced
131i
2send into iodine chamber 11.The temperature of controlling in iodine chamber 11 is about (60～70) ℃, to reduce gaseous state
131i
2sublimate.
Sampling pump is with the sampling flow of (20～30) l/min, and iodine collector 12 adopts recycle design 11 collections from iodine chamber
131i, makes the distribution of iodine collector 12 interior radioiodines similar to atmospheric environment sampled result.
As shown in Figure 6, detection efficiency measurement subsystem 2 further comprises connected successively high purity germanium detector 20, prime amplifier 21, Spectroscopy amplifier 22, digitizing gamma ray spectrometer 23, multiple tracks buffer memory and interface 24 and computing machine 25.The input end of high purity germanium detector 20 connects the output terminal of iodine collector 12, and high purity germanium detector 20 is connected with high-voltage power supply 26 with prime amplifier 21.
Active carbon filter paper is cut into the circle identical with iodine collector 12 internal diameters, by known specific activity
131i solution quantitative and even drops on filter paper and dries, and can be obtained the radioactivity in filter paper source by the specific activity that drops in amount of solution on filter paper and solution.
With HpGe gamma ray spectrometer, measure the activity in filter paper source.In the altitude range of iodine box inner chamber, the 5mm of take successively sets filter paper source height as interval, and filter paper is filled with activated charcoal down to detector surface.The detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer while obtaining filter paper spacing detector surface differing heights by measurement result.
By activity value, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer to differing heights filter paper source in filter paper source, by covering snap gauge, intend calculative determination HpGe gamma ray spectrometer in iodine collector
131the detection efficiency of I radioactivity.To determine the HpGe gamma ray spectrometer of detection efficiency, measure in iodine collector
131i radioactivity.
Will
131the I radioactivity iodine collector of definite value is arranged on the corresponding position of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and measures, and the instrument counting rate after deduction background and the ratio of radioactivity are detection efficiency.
Some technical parameters that are applied in the present invention are as follows:
Fe
2(SO
4)
3xH
2o solution: 0.1mol/l, 100ml; NaI solution 0.1mol/l, 10ml
Temperature of reaction :～80 ℃; Stir or oscillation frequency: 1Hz; Reaction time: 1h; Circulating current :～2l/min between reaction vessel and iodine chamber.
Under these conditions, I
2generation rate: (70～85) %.
Iodine chamber is laterally cylindric, sealing, inner wall smooth, the illumination of LED lamp, electrical heating, temperature control: room temperature～80 ℃; There are view window, thief hatch in the both sides that are plane.
Flow velocity (20～30) the l/min during sampling of iodine collector.
Above-described embodiment is to provide to those of ordinary skills and realizes and use of the present invention; those of ordinary skills can be without departing from the present invention in the case of the inventive idea; above-described embodiment is made to various modifications or variation; thereby protection scope of the present invention do not limit by above-described embodiment, and it should be the maximum magnitude that meets the inventive features that claims mention.
Claims (9)
1. a measuring method for the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument, comprising:
Step 1: carry out gas and carry
131the generation of I and collection;
Step 2: the mensuration of radioactivity;
Step 3: the scale of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and detection.
2. the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1 comprises:
In reaction vessel, by chemical form, be NaI
131i solution and Fe
2(SO
4)
3reaction produces I
2, the iodine distillation that reaction generates forms gaseous state
131i
2, it is indoor that conveying is stored in iodine;
Iodine collector gathers by recycle design in the mode of simulated atmosphere sampling from iodine chamber
131i.
3. the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 2, is characterized in that, adopts electric heating temperature control mode in the cavity of iodine chamber, and iodine chamber is connected with inner loop mode with reaction vessel.
4. the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 2, is characterized in that, iodine collector is combined by filter screen, active carbon filter paper, filter box.
5. the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2 comprises:
Active carbon filter paper is cut into the circle identical with iodine collector internal diameter, by known specific activity
131i solution quantitative and even drops on filter paper and dries, and can be obtained the radioactivity in filter paper source by the specific activity that drops in amount of solution on filter paper and solution;
With HpGe gamma ray spectrometer, measure the activity value in filter paper source;
In the altitude range of iodine box inner chamber, with a predetermined interval, successively set filter paper source height, filter paper is filled with activated charcoal down to detector surface, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer while obtaining filter paper spacing detector surface differing heights according to measurement result;
By activity value, the detection efficiency of gamma ray spectrometer to differing heights filter paper source in filter paper source, by covering snap gauge, intend calculative determination HpGe gamma ray spectrometer in iodine collector
131the detection efficiency of I radioactivity;
To determine the HpGe gamma ray spectrometer of detection efficiency, measure in iodine collector
131i radioactivity.
6. the measuring method of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3 comprises:
Will
131the I radioactivity iodine collector of definite value is arranged on the corresponding position of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument and measures, and the instrument counting rate after deduction background and the ratio of radioactivity are detection efficiency.
7. the measuring system of the detection efficiency of an Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument, it is characterized in that, comprise iodine generation and acquisition subsystem and detection efficiency measurement subsystem, wherein iodine generation and acquisition subsystem further comprise reaction vessel, iodine chamber and iodine collector, reaction vessel is all connected with iodine chamber with iodine collector, detection efficiency measurement subsystem further comprises connected successively high purity germanium detector, prime amplifier, Spectroscopy amplifier, digitizing gamma ray spectrometer, multiple tracks buffer memory and interface and computing machine, wherein the input end of high purity germanium detector connects the output terminal of iodine collector, high purity germanium detector is connected with high-voltage power supply with prime amplifier.
8. the measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 7, is characterized in that, iodine collector is combined by filter screen, active carbon filter paper and filter box.
9. the measuring system of the detection efficiency of Airborne Radioiodine surveying instrument according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, iodine chamber is that an inner chamber is horizontal closed container cylindraceous, and electric heating temperature control device is installed in cavity, and the both sides that are plane are provided with view window and thief hatch.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107300714A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-10-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of detection efficient calibration method of radioiodine activated carbon sampling filter box |
| CN109814150A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of the airborne iodine -131 output capacity function of time |
| CN110632642A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-31 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Rotary radioactive iodine monitoring system and method |
| CN112526579A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Method for determining activity and distribution of radioactive iodine-131 in activated carbon filter box |
| CN112558140A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-26 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Contains an exponential distribution131Preparation method of activated carbon filter box source |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107300714A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-10-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of detection efficient calibration method of radioiodine activated carbon sampling filter box |
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| CN109814150A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 上海市计量测试技术研究院 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of the airborne iodine -131 output capacity function of time |
| CN110632642A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-31 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Rotary radioactive iodine monitoring system and method |
| CN112526579A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Method for determining activity and distribution of radioactive iodine-131 in activated carbon filter box |
| CN112558140A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-26 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Contains an exponential distribution131Preparation method of activated carbon filter box source |
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