CN103616295A - Testing device and testing method for mechanical parameters of non-standard rock test piece - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for mechanical parameters of non-standard rock test piece Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for mechanical parameters of a non-standard rock test piece. The testing device comprises a hydraulic pressure testing machine used for loading, a test piece clamping device matched with the pressure testing machine for use, as well as upper and lower loading cones, wherein the structure of the test piece clamping device is as follows: a cushion column with adjustable height is arranged on a center shaft of a column head of a hydraulic oil cylinder of the hydraulic pressure testing machine, a cushion plate is arranged on the cushion column, left and right longitudinal rods which can be vertically adjusted are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the cushion plate, horizontal rods which can be horizontally pushed and pulled are respectively arranged at symmetrical positions on the left and right longitudinal rods, the inner end heads of the two horizontal rods are respectively provided with an arc-shaped elastic clamping pad, and the arcs of the two clamping pads are required to correspond to each other. According to the testing device and the testing method, tests for mechanical properties of rock can be directly carried out on test pieces adopted on site indoors by utilizing the pressure testing machine and the clamping device with the radial clamping function, so that the accuracy of test results is significantly improved, and the purpose of safe tests is achieved as personal injury accidents also cannot occur.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proving installation and method of testing of rock sample mechanics parameter, the proving installation of especially non-standard rock sample mechanics parameter and method of testing.
Background technology
In the engineering constructions such as geology, mine, water power, building and traffic, often need on-the-spot rock mass to sample, in laboratory, rock sample is carried out to experimental test, obtain the basic physical and mechanical parameters of rock, thereby provide reliable basic data for rock mass engineering project stability analysis and design of its support.
At present what extensively carry out is the rock sample mechanical test of standard shape indoor, requirement according to the < < of People's Republic of China (PRC) Standard for test methods of engineering rock masses > > (GB/T50266-99), standard specimen refers to regular right cylinder or rectangular parallelepiped, its diameter or the length of side are 48mm～52mm, are highly 2 times of diameter.In order to meet the face contact conditions of testing machine bearing plate and rock sample, high to two of rock sample end face requirement on machining accuracy, irregularity degree must not be greater than 0.05mm.
In recent years, along with the progress of machinery and electron trade, rock mechanics experiment equipment performance is more and more better, can complete the multiple physical and mechanical property index test of rock, and can reach higher accurate testing degree.But the rock standard specimen preparation as subjects exists many difficulties always, the deficiency that wherein has rock sample process equipment and sampling method aspect, but be more that rock itself exists the situations such as joint fissure or rock matter weakness, rock core that scene is drilled through is shorter, aperture is thicker, cannot meet the size that secondary processing in laboratory becomes standard specimen.In addition, as easy-weathering, be afraid of the mud stone of disturbance, weak cementing class etc., indoor, rock sample is carried out in secondary processing preparation process, owing to boring, cutting, the disturbance of the processing link such as mill, unavoidably test specimen is caused to damage and failure in various degree, although the standard specimen of indoor machine-shaping has met requirement on geomery, larger with the native state difference of rock, its test result is difficult to reflect real material properties of rock.
Consider problem prepared by current indoor rock mechanics experiment situation and standard specimen, develop a kind of test unit that the rock of on-site sampling is directly tested and test method, obtain the basic mechanical parameter of rock, to solve short rock core, the major diameter in engineering sampling or to be difficult to the experimental test problem of the non-standard rock sample in the situations such as secondary processing.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the demand at lab investigation rock mechanics parameters, the invention provides a kind of simple to operate, non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device of using safety, this proving installation has reduced the limited degree to Specimen Shape size, simultaneously by being connected with electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine platform, can realize the Loading Control of non-standard rock sample being carried out to kinds of schemes, and can adopt computing machine automatically to record trial curve and data.
The present invention provides the method for testing of this proving installation simultaneously.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device, it comprises the hydraulic pressure testing machine for loading, it is comprised of described hydraulic pressure testing machine frame main body, hydraulic jack, force-transmitting pole, the pressure transducer, servo loading system and the computing machine that are located on force-transmitting pole, it is characterized in that, loading surface at hydraulic pressure testing machine is provided with upper and lower loading cone, comprises in addition a test specimen clamping device.
Described test specimen clamping device structure is: on the central shaft of the hydraulic jack column cap of hydraulic pressure testing machine, be provided with adjustable for height pad post, pad post is provided with backing plate; Backing plate two ends are arranged with left and right longitudinal rod that can up-down adjustment; Symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod is respectively equipped with transverse bar that can horizontal push-and-pull, and the inner termination of two transverse bars is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad that one side is arc-shaped recess, requires the arc-shaped recess direction of two gripper pads identical.
Described pad post integral body is comprised of a plurality of cylindricality blocks, is convenient to regulate by plus-minus cylindricality block the height of lower loading cone, can meet the needs of different size specimen test, uses threaded rod to connect between cylindricality block; The upper surface of whole pad post and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface can be used corresponding threaded rod cooperation to be connected with backing plate, and the threaded hole of lower surface, can be used threaded rod will pad post and be connected with oil cylinder column cap;
Described backing plate is for having certain thickness long and narrow steel plate, and backing plate center is provided with a threaded hole, can use threaded rod that backing plate is connected with lower loading cone; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate two ends, can coordinate insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod, require the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate to be greater than the diameter that pads post, are convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate two sides, and horizontal direction hold-down nut can be installed, and by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut, play the fixedly effect of longitudinal rod.
Described left and right longitudinal rod section is cylindrical, and for coordinating the manhole that inserts backing plate two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod top, for coordinating insertion and the adjusting of transverse bar; In longitudinal rod upper surface, there is vertical direction hold-down nut, by regulating vertical direction hold-down nut to fix transverse bar; Longitudinal rod is marked with scale, is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height while regulating longitudinal rod.
Described cross bar section is rectangular cross section, and gripper pad is fixed and supported in one end; The other end inserts in the rectangular through-hole of longitudinal rod upper end, and cross bar can be realized horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object that regulates two gripper pad spacing; Transverse bar is marked with scale, can regulate transverse bar according to test specimen horizontal direction size, reaches testing requirements position, and guarantees the test specimen that is clamped.
Described gripper pad is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side, Main Function grips test specimen for coordinating, and utilize the elasticity that elastomeric material is good, in test specimen bursts apart process, play the effect of antidetonation erosion control, prevent that test specimen fragment from hurting sb.'s feelings or damaging instrument.
Described upper loading cone is arranged on the force-transmitting pole of hydraulic pressure testing machine; Described lower loading cone is located on the backing plate of test specimen clamping device; And upper and lower loading cone is positioned in the loading axially of hydraulic pressure testing machine.
The testing procedure of proving installation of the present invention is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post and backing plate are put on the testing table of hydraulic pressure testing machine, pad post are fixed on to the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap, and pad post is fixedly connected with backing plate; Upper loading cone is connected on the force-transmitting pole of testing machine, lower loading cone is connected on backing plate again, guarantees that backing plate is consistent with hydraulic pressure testing machine force-transmitting pole axis with the axis of pad post; The longitudinal rod of clamping device is inserted in the circular port at backing plate two ends; Lateral adjustments bar with resilient clamp pad is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar top;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put between upper and lower loading cone, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine, oil cylinder column cap is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod and transverse bar, and coordinate and to screw horizontal direction hold-down nut and vertical direction hold-down nut, guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones.
The 3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine makes oil cylinder upward stroke implement pressure to test specimen, by servo loading system controlled loading speed and time, the signal of pressure transducer output test specimen pressure is delivered to computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine processing obtains test specimen destructive process line, from curve, can obtain the failing load of Point Load Tests, through converting, just can obtain actual strength and the deformation parameter of rock sample.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The one: the present invention arranges respectively loading cone on the testing table of pressure testing machine and force-transmitting pole, can directly carry out mechanical properties of rock test at the indoor sample that scene is taked, need not carry out secondary processing to sample, not only simple to operate, and significantly improved the accuracy of test findings.
The 2nd: because employing has the radially clamping device of holding function, during clamping test pieces, test specimen is tightly wrapped in the resilient clamp pad of clamping device, in test process, even if test specimen bursts apart, also casualty accident can not occur, and reaches the object of safety test.
The 3rd,, the present invention adopts pressure testing machine to carry out loading to event, the error of not only having avoided manual operation to bring, but also can facilitate controlled loading speed and load time, thus further improve the accuracy of test result.
The 4th: the present invention can directly obtain trial curve and data on computers, improved convenience and the intuitive of test, for the further research of test specimen mechanical property provides reliable basis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of proving installation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of loading cone in proving installation;
Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram of backing plate in proving installation;
Fig. 4 pads the sectional schematic diagram of post in proving installation;
Fig. 5 is clamping device partial component schematic diagram in proving installation.
In figure: 1(a)-upper loading cone, 1(b)-lower loading cone, 2-backing plate, 3-pad post, 4-longitudinal rod, 5-transverse bar, 6-resilient clamp pad, 7(a)-vertical direction hold-down nut, 7(b)-horizontal direction hold-down nut, 8-force-transmitting pole, 9-oil cylinder column cap, 10-hydraulic pressure testing machine, 11-pressure transducer, 12-hydraulic jack, 13-servo loading system, 14-computing machine.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device of the present invention, comprise hydraulic pressure testing machine 10, test specimen clamping device, upper loading cone 1(a for loading) and lower loading cone 1(b), described hydraulic pressure testing machine 10 is comprised of frame main body, hydraulic jack 12, force-transmitting pole 8, the pressure transducer 11, servo loading system 13 and the computing machine 14 that are located on force-transmitting pole 8
Described test specimen clamping device structure is as shown in Figure 5: on the central shaft of pressure testing machine hydraulic jack column cap 9, be provided with adjustable for height pad post 3, pad post 3 is provided with backing plate 2; Backing plate 2 two ends are arranged with left and right longitudinal rod 4 that can up-down adjustment; The inner termination that symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod 4 tops is respectively equipped with 5, two transverse bars 5 of transverse bar that can horizontal push-and-pull is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad 6 of arc, requires the arc of two resilient clamp pads 6 corresponding.
Described pad post 3(is shown in Fig. 4) whole by a plurality of cylindricality blocks, formed, be convenient to regulate lower loading cone 1(b by plus-minus cylindricality block) height, can meet the needs of different size specimen test, between cylindricality block, use threaded rod to connect; The upper surface of whole pad post 3 and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface is used corresponding threaded rod cooperation to be connected with backing plate, and the threaded hole use threaded rod of lower surface will pad post and be connected with oil cylinder column cap 9;
Described backing plate 2(is shown in Fig. 3) for having the long and narrow steel plate of thickness, backing plate 2 centers are provided with a threaded hole, use threaded rod backing plate 2 and lower loading cone 1(b) be connected; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate 2 two ends, for coordinating insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod 4, require the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate 2 to be greater than the diameter that pads post 3, are convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod 4; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate 2 two sides, for horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b is installed), by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b) play the fixedly effect of longitudinal rod 4.
Described left and right longitudinal rod 4 sections are cylindrical, and for coordinating the manhole that inserts backing plate 2 two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod 4 tops, for coordinating insertion and the adjusting of transverse bar; In longitudinal rod 4 upper surfaces, have vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a), by screwing vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a) fix transverse bar; Longitudinal rod 4 is marked with scale, is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height when regulating longitudinal rod 4.
Described transverse bar 5 sections are rectangular cross section, and gripper pad 6 is fixed and supported in transverse bar 5 one end; Cross bar 5 other ends insert in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal rod 4, and transverse bar 5 is realized horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object that regulates two gripper pad 6 spacing; Transverse bar 5 is marked with scale, according to test specimen horizontal direction size, regulates transverse bar 5, reaches testing requirements position, and guarantees the test specimen that is clamped.
Described gripper pad 6 is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side, Main Function grips test specimen for coordinating, and utilize the elasticity that elastomeric material is good, in test specimen bursts apart process, play the effect of antidetonation erosion control, prevent that test specimen fragment from hurting sb.'s feelings or damaging instrument.
Described upper loading cone 1(a) (see figure 2) is arranged on the force-transmitting pole 8 of testing machine; Described lower loading cone 1(b) be located on the backing plate 2 of test specimen clamping device; And upper and lower loading cone is positioned in testing machine loading axially.
The testing procedure of proving installation of the present invention is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post 3 and backing plate 2 are put on the experiment table of hydraulic pressure testing machine 10, pad post 3 are fixed on to the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap 9, and pad post 3 is fixedly connected with backing plate 2; Again by upper loading cone 1(a) be connected to the upper and lower loading cone of the force-transmitting pole 1(b of testing machine) be connected on backing plate 2, guarantee backing plate 2 and pad the axis of post 3 consistent with testing machine force-transmitting pole 8 axis; The left and right longitudinal rod 4 of clamping device is inserted respectively in the circular port at backing plate 2 two ends; Lateral adjustments bar 5 with resilient clamp pad 6 is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar 4 tops;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put into upper loading cone 1(a) and lower loading cone 1(b) between, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine 10, oil cylinder column cap 9 is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod 4 and transverse bar 5, and cooperation screws horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b) and vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a), guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones;
The 3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine 10, make oil cylinder upward stroke implement pressure to test specimen, by 13 controlled loading speed and the times of servo loading system, the signal of pressure transducer 11 output test specimen pressures send computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine 14 processing obtains test specimen destructive process line, from curve, can obtain the failing load of Point Load Tests, through converting, just can obtain actual strength and the deformation parameter of rock sample.
Claims (2)
1. a non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device, it comprises the hydraulic pressure testing machine for loading, described hydraulic pressure testing machine is comprised of frame main body, hydraulic jack, force-transmitting pole, the pressure transducer, servo loading system and the computing machine that are located on force-transmitting pole, it is characterized in that, loading surface at hydraulic pressure testing machine is provided with upper and lower loading cone, comprises in addition a test specimen clamping device;
Described test specimen clamping device structure is: on the central shaft of the hydraulic jack column cap of hydraulic pressure testing machine, be provided with the pad post that height can be adjusted, pad post and be provided with backing plate; Backing plate two ends are arranged with the left and right longitudinal rod of energy up-down adjustment; Symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod is respectively equipped with the transverse bar of the horizontal push-and-pull of energy, and the inner termination of two transverse bars is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad of the curved depression of one side, requires the arc-shaped recess direction of two gripper pads corresponding; Wherein:
Described pad post integral body is comprised of a plurality of cylindricality blocks, is convenient to regulate by plus-minus cylindricality block the height of lower loading cone, can meet the needs of different size specimen test, uses threaded rod to connect between cylindricality block; The upper surface of whole pad post and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface is used corresponding threaded rod cooperation to be connected with backing plate, and the threaded hole of lower surface, is used threaded rod will pad post and be connected with oil cylinder column cap;
Described backing plate is for having certain thickness long and narrow steel plate, and backing plate center is provided with a threaded hole, uses threaded rod that backing plate is connected with lower loading cone; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate two ends, for coordinating insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod, require the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate to be greater than the diameter that pads post, are convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate two sides, for horizontal direction hold-down nut is installed, by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut, play the fixedly effect of longitudinal rod;
Described left and right longitudinal rod section is cylindrical, and for coordinating the manhole that inserts backing plate two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod top, for coordinating insertion and the adjusting of transverse bar; In longitudinal rod upper surface, there is vertical direction hold-down nut, by regulating vertical direction hold-down nut to fix transverse bar; Longitudinal rod is marked with scale, is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height while regulating longitudinal rod;
Described cross bar section is rectangular cross section, and gripper pad is fixed and supported in one end; The other end inserts in the rectangular through-hole of longitudinal rod upper end, and cross bar is realized horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object that regulates two gripper pad spacing; Transverse bar is marked with scale, according to test specimen horizontal direction size, by regulating transverse bar, reaches testing requirements position, and guarantees the test specimen that is clamped;
Described gripper pad is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side;
Described upper loading cone is arranged on the force-transmitting pole of hydraulic pressure testing machine; Described lower loading cone is located on the backing plate of test specimen clamping device; And upper and lower loading cone is positioned in the loading axially of hydraulic pressure testing machine.
2. a method of utilizing the proving installation described in claim 1 to test non-standard rock sample mechanics parameter, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post and backing plate are put on the testing table of hydraulic pressure testing machine, pad post are fixed on to the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap, and pad post is fixedly connected with backing plate; Upper loading cone is connected on the force-transmitting pole of testing machine, lower loading cone is connected on backing plate again, guarantees that backing plate is consistent with hydraulic pressure testing machine force-transmitting pole axis with the axis of pad post; The longitudinal rod of clamping device is inserted in the circular port at backing plate two ends; Lateral adjustments bar with resilient clamp pad is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar top;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put between upper and lower loading cone, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine, oil cylinder column cap is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod and transverse bar, and coordinate and to screw horizontal direction hold-down nut and vertical direction hold-down nut, guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones;
The 3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine makes oil cylinder upward stroke implement pressure to test specimen, by servo loading system controlled loading speed and time, the signal of pressure transducer output test specimen pressure is delivered to computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine processing obtains test specimen destructive process line, from curve, obtain the failing load of Point Load Tests, through converting, obtain actual strength and the deformation parameter of rock sample.
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| CN109781525A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-21 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of compression test device |
| CN110116462A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-13 | 东华理工大学 | It is a kind of for cutting the fixed platform of rock |
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