CN103615363B - A kind of salt error energy TRT and method - Google Patents
A kind of salt error energy TRT and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615363B CN103615363B CN201310600743.8A CN201310600743A CN103615363B CN 103615363 B CN103615363 B CN 103615363B CN 201310600743 A CN201310600743 A CN 201310600743A CN 103615363 B CN103615363 B CN 103615363B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt error energy TRT, including: permeability apparatus, it includes being formed in parallel in order to strong brine and sea water to be divided into high concentration side and the infiltration stage of low concentration side by multiple permeable membrane devices；The hydraulic turbine, it is corresponding with the high concentration side of permeability apparatus, is connected with electromotor by shaft coupling, in order to drive generator operation；After the high concentration side of infiltration stage and low concentration side each lead into strong brine and sea water, permeable pressure head can be transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure by infiltration stage, and utilize the correspondingly sized back pressure applied in this infiltration stage, each hydraulic turbine can be driven to rotate and then drive generator operation。This device uses sea water as the feedwater side that concentration is low, infiltration generating is carried out with the sea water of higher concentration, therefore, it is possible to fresh-water-saving resource, reduce pretreatment cost, and permeable pressure head can be improved, thus improving power density, and the characteristic easily stored due to salt, this generation mode is absent from instability and is difficult to grid-connected problem。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to salt error energy technical field, be specifically related to a kind of salt error energy TRT。
Background technology
Salt error can refer to the chemical-electrical potential difference energy between sea water and fresh water or between two kinds of salt concentration difference water, is primarily present in the mouth of the river and part inland saltwater lake, is the marine energy that a kind of reserves are huge。Infiltration is when utilizing the semipermeable membrane solution two kinds of variable concentrations to separate, and the solvent (such as water) in the solution that concentration is relatively low automatically flows to, through semipermeable membrane, the solution that concentration is higher, until the phenomenon of chemical potential balance。Osmotic pressure is in process of osmosis, for reaching the pressure that Osmotic balance additionally increases in solution side。The motive force of infiltration comes from the difference in chemical potential of the solvent of film both sides solution。When Osmotic balance, the difference in chemical potential of solvent can be showed by the form of permeable pressure head。
Chemical-electrical potential difference between usual sea water (3.5% salinity) and river is equivalent to the high height of water of 240m。According to statistics, what China coast rivers were annual enter, and sea run-off is about 1.7 × 1012～1.8 × 1012m3, wherein the year sea run-off of main rivers is about 1.5 × 1012～1.6 × 1012m3, coastal salt error energy resource reserves are about 3.9 × 1018J, theoretical power (horse-power) is 1.25 × 1011W。Wherein entrance of Changjiang River and on the south the coastal stock number in river mouth, great river account for the 92.5% of whole nation total amount, theoretical merit is estimated as 0.86 × 1011KW。The particularly flow 2.2 × 10 of Changjiang River into sea mouth4m3/ s, it is possible to generating 5.2 × 1010W, is equivalent to every 1s burning 1.78tce。Additionally, the ground such as Qinghai Province of China also has many inland brine lakes to utilize。
The extraction of salt error energy has osmometry, vapor pressure method and anti-electroosmose process three class, and wherein osmometry can be subdivided into again powerful osmotic pressure generating, the generating of hydraulic pressure tower osmotic pressure and pressure retardation infiltration three kinds。Vapor pressure method needs to consume a large amount of fresh water, and the cost of electricity-generating of anti-electroosmose process is significantly high, the generating of powerful osmotic pressure in osmometry and the generating of hydraulic pressure tower osmotic pressure owing to unit scale is relatively big, investment is higher, so application at present more be the infiltration of pressure retardation。
Permeate in electricity generation system at pressure retardation, before operation, compression pump enters pressure chamber after solution high for concentration is pressurized to a certain pressure, and the solution that during operation, concentration is low penetrates into the solution that concentration is high under the effect of osmotic pressure, and obtains the pressure that the high solution side of concentration is higher。Mixed high pressure brackish water promotes turbine acting, and then can obtain electric power by electromotor。
At present, salt error can generate electricity the often addressing mouth of the river, sea water and fresh water is used to permeate, and between sea water and fresh water, concentration difference is limited causes power density relatively low, and it is not suitable for the area that freshwater resources lack, add China's river pollution serious, add pretreatment cost so that traditional salt error can generate electricity China and inapplicable。And, traditional single back pressure single stage type pressure retardation system, strong brine side only one of which back pressure, it is impossible to adapting to the evolution with distance of osmotic pressure, the efficiency of whole electricity generation system is very low。
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve provide a kind of salt error energy TRT and method, it is respectively adopted strong brine and sea water as high concentration and low concentration side medium solution, it is achieved treatment in accordance with local conditions efficiency power generation。
According to one aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of salt error energy TRT, it is respectively adopted strong brine and sea water as high concentration and low concentration side medium solution, it is achieved salt error can generate electricity, it is characterised in that this device includes:
Permeability apparatus, it includes being formed in parallel in order to described strong brine and sea water to be divided into high concentration side and the infiltration stage of low concentration side by multiple permeable membrane devices；
The hydraulic turbine, it is corresponding with the high concentration side of described permeability apparatus, is connected with electromotor by shaft coupling, in order to drive generator operation；
After the high concentration side of described infiltration stage and low concentration side each lead into strong brine and sea water, permeable pressure head can be transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure by described infiltration stage, and utilize the correspondingly sized back pressure applied in this infiltration stage, each hydraulic turbine can be driven to rotate and then drive generator operation。
As the improvement of the present invention, magnitude of back pressure is this grade two average osmotic pressure of side liquid about the 1/2 of described infiltration stage applying。
As the improvement of the present invention, described pressure exchanger communicates with the high concentration side of infiltration stage, for reclaiming the pressure energy of high concentration side solution after infiltration, to feed the new soln pressurization surveyed into infiltration stage high concentration。
As the improvement of the present invention, also include a strong brine pump and a light salt brine pump, be respectively used to pump into strong brine and sea water high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of described infiltration stage。
As the improvement of the present invention, described device also includes enrichment facility, and it is arranged on the high concentration side of infiltration stage, for reclaiming the high concentration side solution being diluted through infiltration, for recycling。
As the improvement of the present invention, described enrichment facility adopts solar energy or wind energy as power source。
As the improvement of the present invention, also include circulating pump, for the solution pump-in pressure exchanger discharged permeability apparatus high concentration side。
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that provide a kind of salt error energy classification electricity-generating method, including:
Arranging permeability apparatus, it includes being formed in parallel in order to the solution of variable concentrations to be divided into high concentration side and the infiltration stage of low concentration side by multiple permeable membrane devices；
After the high concentration side of described infiltration stage and low concentration side each lead into strong brine and sea water, and by described infiltration stage, permeable pressure head is transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure,
Applying correspondingly sized back pressure in infiltration stage, driving the hydraulic turbine corresponding with the high concentration side of permeability apparatus to rotate according to above-mentioned back pressure, thus driving generator operation。
As the improvement of the present invention, described apply in each infiltration stage magnitude of back pressure is this grade two average osmotic pressure of side liquid 1/2。
In the present invention, the height of the concentration difference of high and low strength solution concentration directly affects the power density of film, concentration difference is more big in theory, the power density of film is more big, but the character according to concrete film, can limit can the Cmax of life-time service poor, and the determination process of concentration difference also to consider preparation and the processing cost of working media。
In the present invention, the determination of high and low strength solution flowrate proportioning, the cost of both sides solution can be considered simultaneously, and flowrate proportioning determines with the relation extracting free energy。When strong brine and sea water permeate, it is recommended that the flow of strong brine is about 4 times of sea water, can properly increase multiplying power。
In the present invention, the determination of high and low strength solution flow, it is possible to determine according to the design capacity in power plant, the extractible energy density of certain concentration difference solution；
In the present invention, permeable membrane device determination of amount, it is possible to consider average power density under station capacity, certain concentration difference and determine the area of required semipermeable membrane, determine the quantity of membrane component further according to concrete element model。
In general, the salt error energy strong brine sea water generator of the present invention, compared with traditional salt error energy electricity generation system, have the advantage that
Salt error energy strong brine sea water generator, both can reduce the pretreatment cost of fresh water, can improve again permeable pressure head, and then improve system effectiveness；Promoting film power density significantly, permeable membrane obtains and utilizes more fully, thus improve the economic benefit of film, and then improves system effectiveness。Secondly, the raising of power density shortens the investment payback time, contributes to salt error and can permeate the commercialization of generation technology。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the salt error energy classification electricity generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention。
In all of the figs, same accompanying drawing labelling represents identical technical characteristic, specifically:
1-high concentration side pump, 2-pressure exchanger, 3-low concentration side pump, 4,5,6-permeability apparatus, wherein, 5-semipermeable membrane 6-low concentration side, 4-high concentration side, the 7-hydraulic turbine, 8-electromotor, 9-shaft coupling, 10-circulating pump, 11-enrichment facility。
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated。If described herein as when relating to instantiation only in order to explain the present invention, do not limit the present invention。As long as just can be combined with each other additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below does not constitute conflict each other。
It is the salt error energy strong brine power generation with sea water system structure schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1。Arrow in figure represents that working medium flows to, and wherein permeability apparatus is schematic diagram, it is impossible to is interpreted as that a simple semipermeable membrane divides the container into two chambers, is really and can be formed in parallel by multiple permeable membrane devices。
The salt error energy strong brine power generation with sea water system of the present embodiment, including one-level permeability apparatus, pressure exchanger 2, the hydraulic turbine 7, electromotor 8, circulating pump 10, high concentration side pump 1, low concentration side pump 3, enrichment facility 11。
Wherein, permeability apparatus all includes the infiltration stage being formed in parallel by a number of permeable membrane device, and the solution of variable concentrations is divided into high concentration side and low concentration side by it, and permeable pressure head is transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure。Specifically, in the present embodiment, first order permeability apparatus includes high concentration side 4, semipermeable membrane 5 and low concentration side 6,
The hydraulic turbine 7 is by shaft coupling 9 coaxial linkage, and it for being converted into the rotating mechanical energy of axle by the pressure of fluid。
The power shaft of electromotor 8 is connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic turbine by shaft coupling 9, and it transmits the driving force of the hydraulic turbine to electromotor 8, is electric energy by the changes mechanical energy of the hydraulic turbine 7。
Pressure exchanger 2 both sides respectively flow through the highly concentrated solution of infiltration stage import and export, for reclaiming the pressure energy of the solution of high concentration side 4 after infiltration, feed the new soln into infiltration stage high concentration side and pressurize。
Circulating pump 10, for the outlet of permeability apparatus being connected with pressure exchanger, is respectively used to pump into the solution that permeability apparatus high concentration side 4 is discharged the pressure exchanger 2 of correspondence, it is therefore intended that recovery section energy。
High concentration side pump 1 is used for by highly concentrated solution from enrichment facility 11 pump-in pressure exchanger 2, and low concentration solution is connected by low concentration side pump 3 with the low concentration side 6 of permeability apparatus, for supplying the low concentration solution needed for whole system。
Enrichment facility 11, for reclaiming the high concentration side solution being diluted through infiltration, adopts solar energy or wind energy can be properly arrived at purpose, rationally can select according to condition。
In the present invention, the height of concentration is comparatively speaking, and concrete regulation, can not select according to practical situation。
In the present embodiment, the determination of high-concentration and low-concentration solution concentration, the height of its concentration difference directly affects the power density of film, concentration difference is more big in theory, the power density of film is more big, but the character according to concrete film, can limit can the Cmax of life-time service poor, and the determination process of concentration difference also to consider preparation and the processing cost of working media。
In the present embodiment, the determination of high-concentration and low-concentration liquid inventory proportioning, the cost of both sides solution can be considered simultaneously, and flowrate proportioning determines with the relation extracting free energy。When highly concentrated solution and low concentration solution permeate, the present embodiment can the flow of preferred highly concentrated solution be about 4 times of low concentration solution, but be not limited to this multiplying power, for instance also can suitably adjust multiplying power。High-concentration and low-concentration liquid inventory specifically can be determined according to the design capacity in power plant, the extractible energy density of certain concentration difference solution。
In the present embodiment, permeable membrane device quantity can consider average power density under station capacity, certain concentration difference and determine the area of required semipermeable membrane, determines that the quantity of membrane component is determined further according to concrete element model。
In present case, back pressure is additional pressure, and the formation of back pressure is with osmotic pressure, it doesn't matter for solution concentration。But choosing of optimum back pressure is but relevant with the concentration of solution and flowrate proportioning。The effect of back pressure is to provide a potential barrier for infiltration, namely penetrates through that a part of fluid of semipermeable membrane due to concentration difference, and after entering high concentration side, its osmotic pressure originally is transformed into for the back pressure of high concentration side。Back pressure meeting retardation process of osmosis, namely reduces the volume flow of infiltration, but the fluid that the existence of back pressure makes infiltration overcomes pressure reduction to do work, and the energy that the process of this acting just realizes converts。Also just because of the existence of back pressure, therefore this technology is called the infiltration of pressure retardation。
In present case, its back pressure is all about the 1/2 of this grade of film two average osmotic pressure of side liquid。But owing to changing along stroke pressure, it is still necessary to carry out differential, calculate best back pressure。
In the present embodiment, pressure exchanger is not required equipment, and system also can be made improvement by other energy-conservation facilities。
In the present embodiment, the mode for adding back pressure does not limit。
According to penetration theory, the power density postponing pressure permeation is:
W=LpA(Δ π-Δ P) Δ P
Wherein, LpBeing water permeability coefficient, A is infiltrating area, and △ π is permeable pressure head, and △ P is impressed pressure, i.e. back pressure。In process of osmosis, △ π is linear with power density, increases △ π and can substantially increase power density。
In the present invention, high-concentration and low-concentration solution's solute is respectively adopted strong brine and sea water。△ π can be increased when adopting sea water and strong brine, and then W can be increased。It addition, what traditional electricity generation system generally adopted is sea water and fresh water, due to the restriction of natural conditions, generally can only go out to install at estuary and utilize, have its geographic limitations。And the strong brine power generation with sea water system of the present invention can be absent from this problem, for instance as long as it is just passable to be in seashore place。Simultaneously, owing to sea water is widely distributed, resource acquisition is quite convenient, and strong brine can pass through solar wind-energy process sea water and prepare, and prepared strong brine can utilize in this electricity generation system, salt can be prepared further with solar wind-energy, in the way of salt, store solar wind-energy, solve solar wind-energy instability better, the feature not easily stored, salt is added sea water and can prepare richer strong brine, can utilize again and generate electricity in this electricity generation system。
The acquisition of strong brine is very convenient simply, and namely sea water and strong brine resource acquisition are convenient, and method is simple just, it is possible to solves tradition salt error and can utilize resource acquisition relative difficulty and the relatively high problem of cost。The electricity generation system of the present invention has big advantage for the reason promoting salt error energy, and particularly to the island separated with inland, the generating of this mode can solve the predicament of its generating。
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention。
Claims (4)
1. a salt error energy TRT, it is respectively adopted strong brine and sea water as high concentration and low concentration side medium solution, it is achieved salt error can generate electricity, it is characterised in that this device includes:
Permeability apparatus, it includes being formed in parallel in order to described strong brine and sea water to be divided into high concentration side and the infiltration stage of low concentration side by multiple permeable membrane devices；
The hydraulic turbine, it is corresponding with the high concentration side of described permeability apparatus, is connected with electromotor by shaft coupling, in order to drive generator operation；
After the high concentration side of described infiltration stage and low concentration side each lead into strong brine and sea water, permeable pressure head can be transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure by described infiltration stage, and utilize the correspondingly sized back pressure applied in this infiltration stage, each hydraulic turbine can be driven to rotate and then drive generator operation；
Wherein, magnitude of back pressure is this grade two average osmotic pressure of side liquid the 1/2 of described infiltration stage applying；
The high concentration side of described infiltration stage communicates with pressure exchanger, for reclaiming the pressure energy of high concentration side solution after infiltration, to feed the new soln pressurization surveyed into infiltration stage high concentration；Described device also includes a strong brine pump and a light salt brine pump, is respectively used to pump into strong brine and sea water high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of described infiltration stage；
Described device also includes enrichment facility, and it is arranged on the high concentration side of infiltration stage, for reclaiming the high concentration side solution being diluted through infiltration, for recycling。
2. a kind of salt error energy TRT according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described enrichment facility adopts solar energy or wind energy to carry out concentration。
3. a kind of salt error energy TRT according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described device also includes circulating pump, for the solution pump-in pressure exchanger discharged permeability apparatus high concentration side。
4. a salt error energy classification electricity-generating method, including:
Arranging permeability apparatus, it includes being formed in parallel in order to the solution of variable concentrations to be divided into high concentration side and the infiltration stage of low concentration side by multiple permeable membrane devices；
After the high concentration side of described infiltration stage and low concentration side each lead into strong brine and sea water, and by described infiltration stage, permeable pressure head is transformed into high concentration side liquid static pressure,
Applying correspondingly sized back pressure in infiltration stage, driving the hydraulic turbine corresponding with the high concentration side of permeability apparatus to rotate according to above-mentioned back pressure, thus driving generator operation；
Wherein, magnitude of back pressure is this grade two average osmotic pressure of side liquid the 1/2 of described infiltration stage applying；
The high concentration side of described infiltration stage communicates with pressure exchanger, to reclaim the pressure energy of high concentration side solution after infiltration, to feed the new soln pressurization surveyed into infiltration stage high concentration；
The high concentration side of infiltration stage is provided with enrichment facility, for reclaiming the high concentration side solution being diluted through infiltration, for recycling。
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| US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
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| BR112022015848A2 (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2022-10-04 | Saltpower Holding Aps | SOLVATING ENTROPY ENGINE |
| CN113315245A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南三力能源科技有限公司 | Energy storage system |
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| CN113833619B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳市安泰科清洁能源股份有限公司 | Recyclable osmotic pressure power generation system |
| CN113623024B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市安泰科能源环保股份有限公司 | Power generation system |
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| CN114810462B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-01-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Offshore comprehensive application platform comprehensively utilizing wind energy, salt energy and tidal current energy |
| US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
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