CN103614232B - Method for extracting dogwood kernel oil - Google Patents
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- CN103614232B CN103614232B CN201310612549.1A CN201310612549A CN103614232B CN 103614232 B CN103614232 B CN 103614232B CN 201310612549 A CN201310612549 A CN 201310612549A CN 103614232 B CN103614232 B CN 103614232B
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting dogwood kernel oil. The method comprises the following steps: preparing materials, drying, modifying for the first time, modifying for the second time, modifying for the third time, grinding, modifying for the fourth time, primarily separating, squeezing, ultrasonically removing impurities, and filtering in vacuum. According to the method, dogwood kernel cells are destroyed and modified for multiple times by adopting a pure physical method, so that fatty acids and other beneficial ingredients completely overflow and the final oil yield is high; no chemical preparations are added in the method, so that the pure natural property of the dogwood kernel oil used as raw materials of foods and drugs is ensured and no toxic side effects on a human body are caused; the method is short in production cycle, high in production efficiency and completely suitable for large-scale industry production, and achieves the purposes of turning dogwood kernels into wealth and fully utilizing the dogwood kernels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grease refinement technique field, be specifically related to a kind of dogwood kernel oil extracting method.
Background technology
The acid of skunk bush nature and flavor, puckery, tepor, return liver kidney channel, tool tonifies the liver and kidney, effect that puckery essence is admittedly de-.For dizzy tinnitus, soreness of waist and knee joint, impotence and seminal emission, enuresis frequent micturition, under uterine bleeding band, profuse sweating is collapsed, and interior heat is quenched one's thirst, and is the conventional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases, is also one of maximum medicinal material of consumption.So far, the medicinal of skunk bush is all get its skin and flesh, abandon its fruit stone, and the weight of fruit stone accounts for more than 80% of cornel fruit, thus pharmacy corporation all have nothing for it but every year process a large amount of discarded Dogwood pits perplexed.In the recent period, relevant research shows, Dogwood pit and skin and flesh not only have identical nature and flavor and effect, and its fatty oil content is far above skin and flesh.And be its main component with saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acids in dogwood oil, and containing the various trace elements of phosphatide, plant sterol, vitamin-E, A and useful human body, be a kind of very precious and nontoxic pure natural also medicine nutrient raw material of also eating.At present, the extractive technique of dogwood kernel oil is also more rare, and traditional extracting method mainly contains milling process and lixiviation process, and milling process is suitable for the higher plant seed of oleaginousness, and facility investment is large, and oil yield is low, and the wasting of resources is large; Lixiviation process is suitable for the oil plant of oleaginousness below 20%, and its shortcoming one is that production efficiency is lower, and two is need to add solvent, and cause the grease purity of extraction low, consumption solvent resource is many, be difficult to the production realizing pure natural grease, and cost is higher.Application number is the extracting method that patent discloses a kind of dogwood kernel oil of 201210232359.2, although it has higher production efficiency and oil yield, but still is difficult to the defect overcoming the existence of above-mentioned lixiviation process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of pure ecology, high purity, oil yield is high, with short production cycle, and efficiency is high, and is applicable to the dogwood kernel oil extracting method of large-scale industrial production.
A kind of dogwood kernel oil extracting method, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: get Dogwood pit screening and pick removal impurity, and use clear water rinsed clean;
2) dry: the Dogwood pit of rinsed clean is carried out drying, removing Dogwood pit surface-moisture;
3) sex change: by dried skunk bush nucleocapsid under 75 DEG C of-85 DEG C of temperature condition, insulation 25s-35s, makes the sex change of skunk bush nucleocapsid, makes Dogwood pit meat cell undergoes rapid expansion;
4) secondary sex change: the Dogwood pit through a sex change is put into immediately-5 DEG C of-10 DEG C of containers, leaves standstill 8h-12h, makes its cell nucleus shrinkage sex change;
5) three sex change: the Dogwood pit through secondary sex change is heated to 85 DEG C-95 DEG C, insulation 15s-20s, second time makes cell undergoes rapid expansion;
6) pulverize: the Dogwood pit after three sex change is crushed to the ultra-fine micropowder that particle diameter is 0. 5-100nm;
7) four sex change: gained Dogwood pit micro mist will be pulverized at 100 DEG C-150 DEG C, heat-insulation pressure keeping 50 min-70min under pressure 0.2-0.4MPa, and destroy Dogwood pit particulate cell;
8) initial gross separation: insert in ultrasonic container by the Dogwood pit micro mist after four sex change, destroy its cellularstructure again by ultrasonic wave, makes lipid acid and impurity initial gross separation in particulate powder, becomes unbound state;
9) squeeze: Dogwood pit micro mist is sent in hot-pressing machine immediately and squeezed after initial gross separation, isolates dogwood oil;
10) ultrasonic wave removal of impurities: isolated dogwood kernel oil adopted ultrasonic wave to be separated removing impurity;
11) vacuum filtration: ultrasonic wave removal of impurities gained dogwood kernel oil is carried out vacuum filtration, namely obtained pure dogwood kernel oil.
Clear water temperature described in described step 1) is 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, and rinsing time is 10 min-15min.
Described step 2) described in dry to carry out in baking box, storing temperature controls at 45 DEG C-50 DEG C, and baking time is 10min-15min.
In described step 9), squeeze pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa.
Dogwood pit comprises seed and pericarp (seed hull), wherein seed is made up of molecule, its pericarp is more fine and close compared to general plant friuit-pit structure hard, and containing a certain amount of grease in pericarp, therefore needs the cellularstructure fully destroying Dogwood pit.This technique adopts cytopathy process, by carrying out baking to the Dogwood pit after oven dry, makes Dogwood pit cell undergoes rapid expansion; Again by cooling, karyocyte is shunk; Baking makes cell undergoes rapid expansion again; Be ground into ultra-fine micropowder; Then carry out second time again and destroy karyocyte; High-temperature pressurizing destroys Dogwood pit particulate cell again, and then by the powerful energy that ultrasonic wave discharges, again destroying a series of denaturing treatment such as cellularstructure, is that Dogwood pit cellularstructure is fully collapsed.On this basis by ultrasonication, grease is oozed out fast, in micro mist, lipid acid and slag obtain initial gross separation and become grease state, obtain good separating effect thus, it also avoid the decomposition that long-time ultrasonic wave causes grease simultaneously.Finally adopt milling process to be squeezed out more thoroughly by grease, then purify through ultrasonication, vacuum filtration, obtain pure dogwood kernel oil.Dogwood kernel oil extracting method of the present invention, pure physical method is adopted to carry out destroying for times denaturing treatment to Dogwood pit cell, and be ground into nano level superfine micro mist, the beneficiating ingredient of the saturated fatty acid in Dogwood pit, unsaturated fatty acids and other preciousness is made to be separated spilling more thoroughly, purified by squeezing again, obtain pure dogwood kernel oil, and ensure that higher oil yield, technique fat loss is little, and oil yield reaches more than 8.9%.Meanwhile, without any the interpolation of organic and inorganic chemicals in whole production process, reliably ensure that the pure natural character of dogwood kernel oil, for food, pharmaceutical raw material, without any side effects to human body.The method is with short production cycle, and production efficiency is high, is applicable to large-scale industrial completely and produces, realize turning waste into wealth of Dogwood pit resource, make full use of.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The extraction of the present embodiment dogwood kernel oil carries out as follows:
From the raw material Dogwood pit of purchase, artificial screening goes out without the Dogwood pit polluted that goes mouldy; Via diameter is the stainless steel sift of 3mm, and removing diameter is less than the sand grains of 3mm, more manually chooses except diameter is greater than the stone grain of more than 3mm; And use clear water rinsed clean, wherein clear water temperature controls at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, and rinsing time controls at 10 min.Again the Dogwood pit of rinsed clean is put into the baking box needing volumetric quantity, Dogwood pit is divided on baking box dish, oven temperature is adjusted to 45 DEG C, timing 15min, removing Dogwood pit transepidermal water, after the Ex-all of Dogwood pit surface-moisture, when Dogwood pit starts to give out a kind of fragrant, at this time surface-moisture has evaporated completely certainly.Then, oven temperature is adjusted to 75 DEG C of scales, time switch is adjusted at 35s shelves, opening power, and first time heats and makes the sex change of skunk bush nucleocapsid, makes Dogwood pit meat cell undergoes rapid expansion; Again the Dogwood pit through sex change of once heating is put into-5 DEG C of freezer 8h Dogwood pit fast, make its cell nucleus shrinkage sex change; Following Dogwood pit puts into baking box, and oven temperature switch is transferred to 85 DEG C, time 20s, carries out second time and makes cell undergoes rapid expansion.Then the Dogwood pit after three sex change is crushed to the micro mist that particle diameter is 100nm; And put into pressure kettle at 100 DEG C, heat-insulation pressure keeping 70min under pressure 0.2MPa, third time destroys Dogwood pit particulate cell; The Dogwood pit micro mist being destroyed cell third time is again inserted in ultrasonic container, destroys its cellularstructure again, make lipid acid and impurity initial gross separation in particulate powder by ultrasonic wave, becomes unbound state.Finally will send in hot-pressing machine immediately after initial gross separation and squeeze, isolate dogwood oil, wherein squeeze pressure is 0.4MPa, and then obtained to squeezing dogwood kernel oil is inserted ultrasonic container and adopted ultrasonic wave to be separated removing impurity.Carry out vacuum filtration again, namely obtained pure dogwood kernel oil, then packing, quality inspection, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 2
The extracting method of the present embodiment dogwood kernel oil is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is only:
Rinsing time is 15min; Bake out temperature is 45 DEG C, and drying time is 10min; First time heats and makes skunk bush nucleocapsid denaturation temperature be 85 DEG C, and the time is 25s; Cell nucleus shrinkage denaturation temperature is 10 DEG C, and soaking time is 12h; Second time cell undergoes rapid expansion temperature is 95 DEG C, and the time is 15s; Dogwood pit powder particle diameter is 50nm; Destroy that Dogwood pit particulate cell temperature is 150 DEG C, pressure is 0.2MPa, the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 70min; When squeezing dogwood oil in hot-pressing machine, squeeze pressure is 0.4MPa.
Embodiment 3
The extracting method of the present embodiment dogwood kernel oil is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is only:
Rinsing time is 13min; Bake out temperature is 47 DEG C, and drying time is 13min; First time heats and makes skunk bush nucleocapsid denaturation temperature be 80 DEG C, and the time is 30s; Cell nucleus shrinkage denaturation temperature is 5 DEG C, and soaking time is 10h; Second time cell undergoes rapid expansion temperature is 90 DEG C, and the time is 17s; Dogwood pit powder particle diameter is 0. 5nm; Destroy that Dogwood pit particulate cell temperature is 120 DEG C, pressure is 0.3MPa, the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 60min; When squeezing dogwood oil in hot-pressing machine, squeeze pressure is 0.5MPa.
Above-mentioned three tests, analyze through Military Medical Science Institute's bio-medical analysis Spot detection, detected result is as shown in the table:
| Relative content (%) | Test one | Test two | Test three | On average | |
| 1 | Tetradecanoic acid | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| 2 | Hexadecanoic acid | 14.84 | 14.81 | 14.85 | 14.83 |
| 3 | Octadecanoic acid | 6.02 | 6.00 | 6.03 | 6.02 |
| 4 | Arachic acid | 1.67 | 1.67 | 1.66 | 1.67 |
| 5 | Docosoic acid | 2.34 | 2.35 | 2.34 | 2.35 |
| 6 | 9.12-octadecadienoic acid | 70.39 | 70.44 | 70.42 | 70.42 |
| 7 | 9-octadecenoic acid | 2.88 | 2.87 | 2.90 | 2.88 |
| 8 | 11.14-eicosadienoic acid | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
| 9 | 11-eicosenoic acid | 1.39 | 1.41 | 1.40 | 1.40 |
| 10 | 14-octadecenoic acid | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.34 |
| Oil yield | 8.9% | 9.4% | 9.8% | 9.4% |
As shown above, Dogwood pit contains abundant unsaturated fatty acids, wherein, 9.12-octadecadienoic acid and linoleic acid content high, account for more than 70% of quality product, far above sesame oil, peanut oil, match in excellence or beauty in safflower oil; Can be used in food, medicine, to improving hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia people's constitution excellent, this product is edible or as cosmetic material, also can be used for pharmaceutical raw material.
Claims (4)
1. a dogwood kernel oil extracting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) get the raw materials ready: get Dogwood pit screening and pick removal impurity, and use clear water rinsed clean;
2) dry: the Dogwood pit of rinsed clean is carried out drying, removing Dogwood pit surface-moisture;
3) sex change: by dried skunk bush nucleocapsid under 75 DEG C of-85 DEG C of temperature condition, insulation 25s-35s, makes the sex change of skunk bush nucleocapsid, makes Dogwood pit meat cell undergoes rapid expansion;
4) secondary sex change: the Dogwood pit through a sex change is put into immediately-5 DEG C of-10 DEG C of containers, leaves standstill 8h-12h, makes the sex change of Dogwood pit meat cellular contraction;
5) three sex change: the Dogwood pit through secondary sex change is heated to 85 DEG C-95 DEG C, insulation 15s-20s, second time makes Dogwood pit meat cell undergoes rapid expansion;
6) pulverize: the Dogwood pit after three sex change is crushed to the ultra-fine micropowder that particle diameter is 0. 5-100nm;
7) four sex change: gained Dogwood pit micro mist will be pulverized at 100 DEG C-150 DEG C, heat-insulation pressure keeping 50 min-70min under pressure 0.2-0.4MPa, and destroy Dogwood pit meat cell;
8) initial gross separation: insert in ultrasonic container by the Dogwood pit micro mist after four sex change, destroys Dogwood pit meat cellularstructure again by ultrasonic wave, makes lipid acid and impurity initial gross separation in particulate powder, becomes unbound state;
9) squeeze: Dogwood pit micro mist is sent in hot-pressing machine immediately and squeezed after initial gross separation, isolates dogwood oil;
10) ultrasonic wave removal of impurities: isolated dogwood kernel oil adopted ultrasonic wave to be separated removing impurity;
11) vacuum filtration: ultrasonic wave removal of impurities gained dogwood kernel oil is carried out vacuum filtration, namely obtained pure dogwood kernel oil.
2. a kind of dogwood kernel oil extracting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: clear water temperature described in described step 1) is 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, rinsing time is 10 min-15min.
3. a kind of dogwood kernel oil extracting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) described in dry to carry out in baking box, storing temperature controls at 45 DEG C-50 DEG C, and baking time is 10min-15min.
4. a kind of dogwood kernel oil extracting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 9), and squeeze pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa.
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| CN109022130B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-09-20 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | A method of the oil plant breaking-wall cell extruding liquefaction based on physical field |
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| CN102703207A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-10-03 | 栾川县野生源生态科技开发有限公司 | Extraction method of dogwood kernel oil |
| CN102942989A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-27 | 李学超 | Rapeseed oil production process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102604733A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 玛纳斯恒泰实业有限公司 | Extraction method of functional healthcare edible oil |
| CN102703207A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2012-10-03 | 栾川县野生源生态科技开发有限公司 | Extraction method of dogwood kernel oil |
| CN102942989A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-27 | 李学超 | Rapeseed oil production process |
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