CN103613465A - Special biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer for rapes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer for rapes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103613465A CN103613465A CN201310617836.1A CN201310617836A CN103613465A CN 103613465 A CN103613465 A CN 103613465A CN 201310617836 A CN201310617836 A CN 201310617836A CN 103613465 A CN103613465 A CN 103613465A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer for rapes. The biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11-15 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 13-16 parts of fertilizer-grade dicalcium phosphate, 11-17 parts of urea phosphate, 25-30 parts of powdery urea, 5-13 parts of sorghum straw charcoal powder, 0.05-0.5 part of EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) chelated zinc, 0.05-0.5 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.1-0.63 part of borax and 1-6 parts of auxiliary materials. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the special biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer for the rapes. The special biomass charcoal-based compound fertilizer for the rapes, which is disclosed by the invention, can effectively improve and fertilize the soil, increase the content of soil organic matters, reduce the soil volume weight and enhance the moisture and fertility preserving capacity of the soil after being applied, is relatively high in fertilizer nutrient utilization efficiency and harmonious and lasting in nutrient element release, can be used for comprehensively and equivalently supplying the nutrients to the rapes, outstandingly increases the rape output, improves the rape quality and achieves an obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, relate in particular to a kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rape is the topmost oil crops resource of China, and cultivated area and the output of China all occupy first place in the world, and its cultivated area has accounted for the more than 40% of the oil crops total area, and has been also that cultivated area expands the fastest oil crops in the world.As the main oil crops of China, the improvement of rapeseed quality and the raising of output more and more receive publicity, the use of agrochemical occupies very important status in China's rape is produced, owing to there being some irrational factors in use procedure, not only cause the plant recovery of nutrient of fertilizer to reduce, and make the ecotope that comprises edatope suffer serious destruction.
Rape is to N, P, the demand of K is equivalent to the more than 3 times of cereal crop, the test-results a large amount of according to China confirm, the N of the current chemical fertilizer of China, P, K ratio and soil nutrient supply situation and crop are not in tune to the Absorption of nutrient, present Fertilizer Market is mainly with entirely molten, instant, the loose fertilizer variety of speed is main, the waste of fertilizer and the loss of nutrient have been aggravated, must be by repeatedly topdressing on producing, could meet the demand of whole growth period of crop to nutrient, this not only takes a lot of work, increase fertilising cost, and topdress, top application fertilizer nutrient loss amount is large, obviously reduce fertilizer efficiency, be difficult to bring into play the yield increasing effect of fertilizer.
China is populous, and average cultivated area is very limited, protects existing arable land, improves and utilize obstacle soil significant; How to prepare and a kind ofly not only can improve soil property, increase soil fertility, nutritive substance is abundant, and nutritive element discharges to be coordinated lastingly, fertilizer nutrient utilising efficiency is high, and single fertilization becomes the current technical issues that need to address without the fertilizer special for cole material that topdresses or topdress less.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for prior art, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof, after described rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is used, not only can effectively improve and fertilizing soil, increase soil organic matter content, reduce the soil weight, improve soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, and fertilizer nutrient utilising efficiency is higher, nutritive element discharges to be coordinated lastingly, can supply with rape nutrient compared with general equilibrium, significantly improves yield of rape, improve rapeseed quality, there is obvious economic benefit.
A kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer disclosed by the invention, comprise by weight following component: 11～15 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 15～20 parts, Repone K, 13～16 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 11～17 parts of Ureaphils, 25～30 parts of agramons, 5～13 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.05～0.5 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.05～0.5 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.1～0.63 part of borax, 1～6 part of auxiliary material.
In specific embodiment, the weight part of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer can be 11,11.5,12.4,13,13.8,14,14.4,15; The weight part of Repone K can be 15,15.6,16,17.2,17.8,18.3,19,19.3,20; The weight part of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate can be 13,13.2,13.7,14,14.4,15,16; The weight part of Ureaphil can be 11,12.4,13.5,14,14.8,15.6,16.3,17, and the weight part of agramon can be 25,25.5,26.4,27,27.3,28,28.4,29,30; The weight part of broomcorn straw powdered carbon can be 5,9,10,10.4,11,11.9,12.8,13, the weight part of EDTA chelated zinc can be 0.05,0.1,0.2,0.25,0.33,0.4,0.5, the weight part of EDTA chelated iron can be 0.05,0.12,0.2,0.27,0.34,0.42,0.5, the weight part of borax can be 0.1,0.22,0.3,0.42,0.49,0.5,0.53,0.63, and the weight part of auxiliary material can be 1,2.2,3,3.5,4,4.7,5.2,6.
Preferably, comprise by weight following component: 12～13 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 17～19 parts, Repone K, 13～15.5 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 12～15 parts of Ureaphils, 27～29 parts of agramons, 7～11 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.1～0.25 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.1～3 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.15～0.4 part of borax, 3～4 parts of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, described auxiliary material is sepiolite.
Preferably, agramon, (Ureaphil+fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate) are 5:(5～6 with the weight ratio of (potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer+Repone K)): (5.8～6.5), and the weight ratio of Ureaphil and fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate is 15:(14～15).
Preferably, in described compound manure, N, P, tri-kinds of elements of K account for: N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=40%.
Preferably, the weight ratio of described agramon and broomcorn straw powdered carbon is 3～3.5.
The invention allows for a kind ofly according to the preparation method of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprise the steps:
S1, by proportioning, fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and auxiliary material are stirred, after fragmentation, putting into tablets press mixes, tablets press rotating speed is 30～50r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, obtain rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch that S1 is obtained are dried, screening, deliver in tablets press;
S3, by proportioning, agramon microwave heating to 125～135 ℃ are to molten state and obtain molten materials, molten materials broomcorn straw powdered carbon microwave heating to 60～80 ℃ input being obtained by proportioning, stirs and obtains slurry;
The material particles surface that S4, the pulp jets that S3 is obtained and S2 obtain, tablets press rotating speed is 30～40r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are cooled to after 45～55 ℃, and screening, delivers in packing machine;
S6, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on to the material surface that S5 obtains, wherein packing machine rotating speed is 15～20r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
Preferably, each step is specially:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and auxiliary material, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 30～50r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 125～135 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by behind microwave heating to 60～80 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 30～40r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 45～55 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 15～20r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the charring process of broomcorn straw powdered carbon is: broomcorn straw is put in microwave charring furnace, after carry out microwave radiation heating charing, pulverized 70～90 mesh sieves, obtain broomcorn straw powdered carbon.
Preferably, in S1, tablets press rotating speed is 31～34r/min; In S3, by agramon microwave heating to 124～127 ℃, by broomcorn straw powdered carbon microwave heating to 64～68 ℃; In S4, tablets press rotating speed is 31～35r/min; In S5, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is cooled to 46～48 ℃; In S6, packing machine rotating speed is 16～17r/min.
The present invention's rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer that according to rape prepared by the fertile characteristic of the need in process of growth contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, the necessary macroelement of the growth of rape such as potassium, and added calcium, magnesium, sulphur, zinc, iron, the Meso-and micro-nutrients such as boron, and by control, add the content of broomcorn straw powdered carbon and agramon, not only for rape provides its required a large amount of nutritive substance of growing, and the vesicular structure due to broomcorn straw powdered carbon, there is water conservation, the feature of fertilizer conservation, can make to significantly improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, wherein sepiolite has bonding and absorption property, can keep slowly lasting the discharging of fertilizer in soil, it is to impel the key measure of rape yield increasing to the demand of nutrient that the fertile feature of need of rape shows to coordinate and meet rape, and the output of rape and the content of soil nutrient are extremely significant positive correlation, this product can slowly discharge nutritive element enduringly in conjunction with growth characteristics and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of rape, effective release period of nutrient in fertilizer is extended, thereby meet the growth of rape middle and later periods for the demand of nutrient, make rape to the absorption of nutrient general equilibrium more, avoid early ageing, thereby improve the quality and yield of rape, improve soil physico-chemical property simultaneously, culture fertility, this product can meet the rape whole breeding time of the demand to nutrient substantially as disposable the applying of base manure, only at rape, budding peduncle-growing period for rapeseed optionally, increase some nitrogen supplies, there is saving of labor, save time, and utilization rate of fertilizer advantages of higher, the rapeseed cultivation that rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention is applicable on the obstacle soil such as China's rape producing region and acid-alkali salt is used.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprise by weight following component: 12.5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 18.8 parts, Repone K, 15 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 14.2 parts of Ureaphils, 27.5 parts of agramons, 8 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.2 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.2 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.2 part of borax, 3.4 parts of sepiolites.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and sepiolite, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 33r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 126 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by after microwave heating to 67 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 32r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 47 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 17r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
This rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is at rape seed or before transplanting, and in conjunction with whole ground, spreads fertilizer over the fields, ditch spread or spread manuer in holes 30～40 kgs/acre, at budding every mu of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of rape, imposes 20 kilograms of left and right of urea.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 1 to the impact of yield of rape aspect:
Table 1 different fertilizer is processed the impact on yield of rape
As can be seen from Table 1, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for formation testing dish, use respectively conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer of the present embodiment development to carry out fertilizer treatment.For middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use the average every mu of volume increase of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and can reach 10.4%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu of volume increase reaches 11.1%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has obvious effect of increasing production.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 2 to the impact of rape economic benefit aspect:
Table 2 different fertilizer is processed the impact on rape economic benefit
Note: rape is by 3.5 yuan/kg, and rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is pressed 3000 yuan/t, 2400 yuan/t of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), agramon is by 2000 yuan/t.
As can be seen from Table 2, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for examination rape variety, use respectively the fertilizer treatment of carrying out of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the present embodiment development, for middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use average every mu of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and increase income 9.6%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu increases income 10.9%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has good economic benefit.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprise by weight following component: 11.5 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 19.3 parts, Repone K, 13.2 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 16.3 parts of Ureaphils, 25.5 parts of agramons, 12.8 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.1 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.42 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.22 part of borax, 5.2 parts of sepiolites.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and sepiolite, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 50r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 132 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by after microwave heating to 60 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 34r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 55 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 20r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
This rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is at rape seed or before transplanting, and in conjunction with whole ground, spreads fertilizer over the fields, ditch spread or spread manuer in holes 30～40 kgs/acre, at budding every mu of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of rape, imposes 20 kilograms of left and right of urea.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 3 to the impact of yield of rape aspect:
Table 3 different fertilizer is processed the impact on yield of rape
As can be seen from Table 3, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for formation testing dish, use respectively conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer of the present embodiment development to carry out fertilizer treatment.For middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use the average every mu of volume increase of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and can reach 13.7%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu of volume increase reaches 9.1%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has obvious effect of increasing production.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 4 to the impact of rape economic benefit aspect:
Table 4 different fertilizer is processed the impact on rape economic benefit
Note: rape is by 3.5 yuan/kg, and rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is pressed 3000 yuan/t, 2400 yuan/t of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), agramon is by 2000 yuan/t.
As can be seen from Table 4, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for examination rape variety, use respectively the fertilizer treatment of carrying out of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the present embodiment development, for middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use average every mu of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and increase income 9.9%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu increases income 10.9%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has good economic benefit.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprise by weight following component: 13.8 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 17.8 parts, Repone K, 14.4 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 14.8 parts of Ureaphils, 27.3 parts of agramons, 10.4 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.25 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.27 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.42 part of borax, 3.5 parts of sepiolites.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and sepiolite, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 48r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 125 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by after microwave heating to 62 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 40r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 45 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 19r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
This rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is at rape seed or before transplanting, and in conjunction with whole ground, spreads fertilizer over the fields, ditch spread or spread manuer in holes 30～40 kgs/acre, at budding every mu of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of rape, imposes 20 kilograms of left and right of urea.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 5 to the impact of yield of rape aspect:
Table 5 different fertilizer is processed the impact on yield of rape
As can be seen from Table 5, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for formation testing dish, use respectively conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer of the present embodiment development to carry out fertilizer treatment.For middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use the average every mu of volume increase of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and can reach 8.1%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu of volume increase reaches 7.2%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has obvious effect of increasing production.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 6 to the impact of rape economic benefit aspect:
Table 6 different fertilizer is processed the impact on rape economic benefit
Note: rape is by 3.5 yuan/kg, and rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is pressed 3000 yuan/t, 2400 yuan/t of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), agramon is by 2000 yuan/t.
As can be seen from Table 6, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for examination rape variety, use respectively the fertilizer treatment of carrying out of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the present embodiment development, for middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use average every mu of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and increase income 8.7%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu increases income 13.4%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has good economic benefit.
Embodiment 4
A kind of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprise by weight following component: 14.4 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 15.6 parts, Repone K, 16 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 12.4 parts of Ureaphils, 29 parts of agramons, 9 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.4 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.12 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.53 part of borax, 2.2 parts of sepiolites.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of above-mentioned rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, comprises the steps:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and sepiolite, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 30r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 135 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by after microwave heating to 80 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 30r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 52 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 15r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
This rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is at rape seed or before transplanting, and in conjunction with whole ground, spreads fertilizer over the fields, ditch spread or spread manuer in holes 30～40 kgs/acre, at budding every mu of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed of rape, imposes 20 kilograms of left and right of urea.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 7 to the impact of yield of rape aspect:
Table 7 different fertilizer is processed the impact on yield of rape
As can be seen from Table 7, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for formation testing dish, use respectively conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer of the present embodiment development to carry out fertilizer treatment.For middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use the average every mu of volume increase of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and can reach 7.8%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu of volume increase reaches 5.6%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has obvious effect of increasing production.
The present embodiment rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is shown in lower list 8 to the impact of rape economic benefit aspect:
Table 8 different fertilizer is processed the impact on rape economic benefit
Note: rape is by 3.5 yuan/kg, and rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer is pressed 3000 yuan/t, 2400 yuan/t of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), agramon is by 2000 yuan/t.
As can be seen from Table 8, for middle oily 5628 with Zhejiang oil assorted No. 1 two kinds for examination rape variety, use respectively the fertilizer treatment of carrying out of conventional fertilizer (15-15-15) and the present embodiment development, for middle oily 5628, supply formation testing dish, with respect to conventional fertilizer (15-15-15), use average every mu of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and increase income 10.2%, for Zhejiang oil, supply formation testing dish assorted No. 1, average every mu increases income 8.6%, uses rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer and has good economic benefit.
In above-described embodiment 1～4, the charring process of broomcorn straw powdered carbon is: broomcorn straw is put in microwave charring furnace, after carry out microwave radiation heating charing, pulverized 70～90 mesh sieves, obtain broomcorn straw powdered carbon.
The present invention's rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer that according to rape prepared by the fertile characteristic of the need in process of growth contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, the necessary macroelement of the growth of rape such as potassium, and added calcium, magnesium, sulphur, zinc, iron, the Meso-and micro-nutrients such as boron, and by control, add the content of broomcorn straw powdered carbon and agramon, not only for rape provides its required a large amount of nutritive substance of growing, and the vesicular structure due to broomcorn straw powdered carbon, there is water conservation, the feature of fertilizer conservation, can make to significantly improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, wherein sepiolite has bonding and absorption property, can keep slowly lasting the discharging of fertilizer in soil, it is to impel the key measure of rape yield increasing to the demand of nutrient that the fertile feature of need of rape shows to coordinate and meet rape, and the output of rape and the content of soil nutrient are extremely significant positive correlation, this product can slowly discharge nutritive element enduringly in conjunction with growth characteristics and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of rape, effective release period of nutrient in fertilizer is extended, thereby meet the growth of rape middle and later periods for the demand of nutrient, make rape to the absorption of nutrient general equilibrium more, avoid early ageing, thereby improve the quality and yield of rape, improve soil physico-chemical property simultaneously, culture fertility, this product can meet the rape whole breeding time of the demand to nutrient substantially as disposable the applying of base manure, only at rape, budding peduncle-growing period for rapeseed optionally, increase some nitrogen supplies, there is saving of labor, save time, and utilization rate of fertilizer advantages of higher, the rapeseed cultivation that rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention is applicable on the obstacle soil such as China's rape producing region and acid-alkali salt is used.
The above; it is only preferably embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, be equal to replacement or changed, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise by weight following component: 11～15 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 15～20 parts, Repone K, 13～16 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 11～17 parts of Ureaphils, 25～30 parts of agramons, 5～13 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.05～0.5 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.05～0.5 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.1～0.63 part of borax, 1～6 part of auxiliary material.
2. rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise by weight following component: 12～13 parts of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizers, 17～19 parts, Repone K, 13～15.5 parts of fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphates, 12～15 parts of Ureaphils, 27～29 parts of agramons, 7～11 parts of broomcorn straw powdered carbons, 0.1～0.25 part of EDTA chelated zinc, 0.1～3 part of EDTA chelated iron, 0.15～0.4 part of borax, 3～4 parts of auxiliary materials.
3. rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary material is sepiolite.
4. rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, agramon, (Ureaphil+fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate) are 5:(5～6 with the weight ratio of (potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer+Repone K)): (5.8～6.5), and the weight ratio of Ureaphil and fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate is 15:(14～15).
5. according to the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer described in any one in claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, in described compound manure, N, P, tri-kinds of elements of K account for: N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=40%.
6. rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of agramon and broomcorn straw powdered carbon is 3～3.5.
7. according to a preparation method for the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer described in any one in claim 1～6, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1, by proportioning, fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and auxiliary material are stirred, after fragmentation, putting into tablets press mixes, tablets press rotating speed is 30～50r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, obtain rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch that S1 is obtained are dried, screening, deliver in tablets press;
S3, by proportioning, agramon microwave heating to 125～135 ℃ are to molten state and obtain molten materials, molten materials broomcorn straw powdered carbon microwave heating to 60～80 ℃ input being obtained by proportioning, stirs and obtains slurry;
The material particles surface that S4, the pulp jets that S3 is obtained and S2 obtain, tablets press rotating speed is 30～40r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are cooled to after 45～55 ℃, and screening, delivers in packing machine;
S6, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on to the material surface that S5 obtains, wherein packing machine rotating speed is 15～20r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
8. the preparation method of rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer according to claim 7, is characterized in that, each step is specially:
S1, by proportioning, take respectively fertilizer grade secondary calcium phosphate, Ureaphil, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, Repone K, water glass, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated iron, borax and auxiliary material, drop in raw material agitator and stir, through lift, carry to crusher in crushing, by frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be delivered in tablets press, mix, tablets press rotating speed is 30～50r/min, and intermittent type passes into hot steam, makes rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch;
S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch screening after microwave fertilizer drying machine is dried that S1 is obtained, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch is done returning charge and is again entered after the interior fragmentation of crusher, enter tablets press granulation again, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch delivers into fusing urea parcel tablets press through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor;
S3, by the agramon of proportioning in lift is delivered to urea melting tank, utilize microwave heating to 125～135 ℃ to be molten state; Broomcorn straw powdered carbon after metering is delivered in microwave fertilizer drying machine through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, by behind microwave heating to 60～80 ℃, drops in urea melting tank, through agitator, stir and form slip;
S4, the slip that S3 is obtained wrap up the shower nozzle in tablets press by being arranged on the bottom of the urea melting tank in S3 and stretching to fusing urea in S2, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface through metering topping-up pump pressurized jet in fusing urea parcel tablets press, fusing urea parcel tablets press rotating speed is 30～40r/min, along with the rotation of fusing urea parcel tablets press, slip is covered in rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer master batch surface and forms rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle;
S5, the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle that S4 is obtained are delivered in cooler through frequency conversion type rotary conveyor, be cooled to after 45～55 ℃, by screening distributor, sieve, underproof rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is done in the incoming stock stirrer of returning charge, again after crusher in crushing, enter tablets press and the granulation again of fusing urea parcel tablets press, qualified rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is in frequency conversion type rotary conveyor is delivered to oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine;
S6, in oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine ingress, the oil-like anti-caking agent atomizer accessing from oil-like anti-caking agent cylinder is installed, through the pressurization of metering topping-up pump, oil-like anti-caking agent is sprayed on after rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle surface, oil-like anti-caking agent packing machine rotating speed is 15～20r/min, obtains rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer.
9. according to the preparation method of the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, the charring process of broomcorn straw powdered carbon is: broomcorn straw is put in microwave charring furnace, after carry out microwave radiation heating charing, pulverized 70～90 mesh sieves, obtained broomcorn straw powdered carbon.
10. according to the preparation method of the rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, in S1, tablets press rotating speed is 31～34r/min; In S3, by agramon microwave heating to 124～127 ℃, by broomcorn straw powdered carbon microwave heating to 64～68 ℃; In S4, tablets press rotating speed is 31～35r/min; In S5, rape dedicated biomass charcoal based compound fertilizer particle is cooled to 46～48 ℃; In S6, packing machine rotating speed is 16～17r/min.
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