CN103604843B - Electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in submerged environment - Google Patents
Electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in submerged environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103604843B CN103604843B CN201310636762.6A CN201310636762A CN103604843B CN 103604843 B CN103604843 B CN 103604843B CN 201310636762 A CN201310636762 A CN 201310636762A CN 103604843 B CN103604843 B CN 103604843B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in a submerged environment, which belongs to the field of designing of sensors. The sensor comprises a two-phase flow distribution measurement electrode array, an annular-electrode tip shielding electrode, inter-electrode isolation electrodes, a sensor water isolating layer and signal transmission cables, wherein the two-phase flow distribution measurement electrode array comprises N measurement electrodes, and each of the signal transmission cables comprises a cable core and a shielding silk screen. According to the invention, a shielding case structure out of the a traditional electrical capacitance tomography sensor is discarded, an insulating heat-conduction material is used to enclose the measurement electrode array in the outer wall surface of a measurement pipe section, so the electrical capacitance tomography sensor can be placed in the submerged environment, an effective detection means is provided for two-phase distribution of steam and liquid in a heat convection area, formation and development of a liquid film, flow pattern monitoring, etc., and the application field of electrical capacitance tomography technology is effectively broadened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor design field, more particularly, to a kind of capacitance chromatography imaging sensing being applied to environment under liquid
Device.
Background technology
Using liquid working substance as cooling medium, the phase transformation heat convection being related to cooled medium is that the common of field of heat transfer is asked
Topic.Heat transfer process occurs with phase transition process simultaneously.For example: heat pipe condenser section heat exchange, plant condenser and backheat
Steam and pipe outer wall heat exchange in device.Condensation heat transfer is divided into dropwise condensation and film condensation, and dropwise condensation forms relatively difficult and not
Persistently, condensation heat transfer in most cases is film condensation.Different thickness of liquid films and liquid film kinestate largely affect
Its heat transfer characteristic.The factors such as on-condensible gas content, steam flow rate, wall configuration, wall roughness all can affect liquid
The formation of film and fluidised form.Effective monitoring to liquid film forming and state contributes to further understanding the mechanism of condensation heat transfer, and adopts
Take effective means that condensation heat transfer is strengthened.
Capacitance chromatography imaging (ect) technology respectively mutually has different dielectric constants according to measured matter, when each phase component divides
When cloth or concentration distribution change, fluid-mixing equivalence dielectric constant will be caused to change, so that between measuring electrode pair
Capacitance change, on this basis, using corresponding image reconstruction algorithm rebuild measured object field dielectric constant distribution
Figure.Current ect technology is moved field in two-phase flow and is limited in the pipe being mainly used under adiabatic condition by conventional sensor configuration
Void fraction determination and Flow Regime Ecognition., patent cn200510093326.4 is passed through to be configured as having simultaneously taking gravity assisted heat pipe as a example
The structure of tube wall and sensor function achieves the monitoring of the measurement that adiabatic section vehicle repair major is distributed and liquid film variations in flow patterns.Right
In the condensation segment being cooled down using liquid working substance, limited by condensation structure, there is no and be applied to the measurement of this section phase transition process
Sensor.
Content of the invention
For the condensation segment being cooled down using liquid working substance in background technology, limited by condensation structure, there is no and be applied to
The sensor of this section phase transition process measurement；The present invention proposes a kind of capacitance chromatography imaging sensing being applied to environment under liquid
Device.
A kind of capacitance tomography sensor being applied to environment under liquid it is characterised in that described sensor include biphase
Flow distribution array of measure electrodes, electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode, electrode gap ionization electrode, the exhausted water layer of sensor and signal transmission electricity
Cable；Described two phase flow distribution measuring electrod-array includes n measuring electrode；Described signal-transmitting cable includes cable core and shielding silk
Net；
Wherein, described electrode gap ionization electrode is connected with electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode, via the screen of signal-transmitting cable
Cover silk screen to draw, the connection then passing through ect signal collecting device is ground wire grounded；
The exhausted water layer of described sensor is to the measuring electrode of condensation pipeline section, electrode gap ionization electrode and electrode tip ring shielding electricity
Pole is sealed；
Cable core one end of described signal-transmitting cable is connected with measuring electrode, and other end connects ect signal collecting device,
The measurement data being collected is sent to computer through data collecting card and carries out image reconstruction.
Described sensor attaches and is installed on that measurement pipeline section cross section is circular, oval or rectangle is interior close-shaped
On.
The exhausted water layer of described sensor adopts silica gel, heat conduction mud or the epoxy resins insulation Heat Conduction Material of heat conductive insulating to make.
Described two phase flow distribution measuring electrod-array, electrode gap ionization electrode and electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode are all using copper
Foil material makes；Electrode surface makees preservative treatment.
Described sensor is not provided with shielding case structure.
The span of described n is 4～16.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: abandoning tradition capacitance tomography sensor external shield structure, by using absolutely
Array of measure electrodes is enclosed within measurement pipeline section outside wall surface by edge Heat Conduction Material, thus environment under liquid can be placed on.Using new
The electrical capacitance tomography of sensor is the vapour in heat convection region, liquid two distributed mutually, liquid film forming, development, flow pattern monitoring
Etc. providing effective detection means, effectively expand the application of electrical capacitance tomography.
Brief description
The connection diagram of the sensor that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is applied to the perspective view of the capacitance tomography sensor of environment under liquid for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the view along a-a and b-b both direction for the inventive sensor；Wherein, (a) is the view in b-b direction；(b)
View for a-a direction；
Fig. 4 is the use schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Wherein, the inner tube of 1- sleeve pipe；2- signal-transmitting cable；The exhausted water layer of 3- sensor；4- electrode gap ionization electrode；5- surveys
Amount electrode；6- electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode；The upper end cover of 7- sleeve structure；8- inlet；9- liquid outlet；10- sleeve structure
Bottom end cover；11- outer tube；12-ect signal collecting device；13- connects ground wire；14- data collecting card；15- computer；16- shows
Show device.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiment is elaborated.It should be emphasized that the description below is merely exemplary
, rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.
The connection diagram of the sensor that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention.In Fig. 1, sensor includes two phase flow distribution measuring electricity
Pole array, electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 6, electrode gap ionization electrode 4, the exhausted water layer of sensor 3 and signal-transmitting cable 2；Described
Two phase flow distribution measuring electrod-array includes n measuring electrode 5；Described signal-transmitting cable includes cable core and shielding silk screen；
Wherein, described electrode gap ionization electrode 4 is connected with electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 6, via signal-transmitting cable
Shielding silk screen is drawn, and is grounded by the connection ground wire 13 of ect signal collecting device 12；
The exhausted water layer of described sensor is to the measuring electrode 5 of condensation pipeline section, electrode gap ionization electrode 4 and electrode tip ring shielding
Electrode 6 is sealed；
Cable core one end of described signal-transmitting cable 2 is connected with measuring electrode 5, and other end connects ect signals collecting and sets
Standby, the measurement data being collected is sent to computer 15 through data collecting card 14 and carries out image reconstruction, and on the display 16
Shown.
Fig. 2 is applied to the perspective view of the capacitance tomography sensor of environment under liquid for the present invention；In Fig. 2,
Inventive sensor includes the array of measure electrodes, electrode gap ionization electrode 4, electrode tip ring shielding that 8 measuring electrodes 5 constitute
Electrode 6, signal-transmitting cable 2 and the exhausted water layer of sensor 3.Measuring electrode 5, isolation electrode 4, electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 6 are made
It is installed on inner tube 1 outside wall surface of sleeve pipe after preservative treatment；Then with the exhausted water layer of sensor 3 that insulating heat-conduction material makes, it is entered
Row closing, is placed in environment under liquid.Electrode gap ionization electrode 4 is connected with electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 6, electrode tip ring shielding
Electrode 6 is connected with the shielding silk screen of signal-transmitting cable 2, draws with signal-transmitting cable 2 and through connecting ground wire zero setting current potential, with
Eliminate the impact of noise signal.Measuring electrode 5, electrode gap ionization electrode 4 and electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 2 are by copper foil material
It is made.Sensor is as shown in Figure 3 along the view of a-a and b-b both direction.
At present, more ect signal collecting device has 16 Measurement channel, can connect 16 dielectric constant distribution measurings
Electrode.This example adopts the ect sensor of 8 measuring electrodes.The length of measuring electrode 5 and ring-shaped shield electrode 6 can be optionally
Depending on sensor length.In the present embodiment, sensor length is 44mm, and measuring electrode 5 length is 30mm, ring shielding electricity
Pole 6 length is 6mm.The width of measuring electrode 2 calculates according to formula w=π d/n- δ, and wherein: w is measuring electrode width, d is sleeve pipe
Inner tube external diameter, n be measuring electrode quantity, δ be measuring electrode between isolate electrode width.The inner tube of the implementation case middle sleeve
External diameter is 16mm, and each measuring electrode width is 4.3mm, and isolation electrode width is 0.5mm.
Fig. 4 is the use schematic flow sheet of the present invention.In Fig. 4, first by the sensor measurement electricity containing 8 measuring electrodes 5
Pole array, electrode gap ionization electrode 4, electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode 6 attach the outside wall surface being installed on sleeve type structure inner tube 1,
Then with exhausted water layer 3, it is sealed；Inner tube 1 is placed in outer tube 11；Sleeve structure passes through upper end cover 7 and bottom end cover 10 enters
Row sealing, the upper end cover through sleeve structure for the signal-transmitting cable 2 is drawn, and upper and lower end cap fixes inner tube simultaneously.Outer tube upper and lower ends
It is respectively provided with inlet 8 and liquid outlet 9, cooling fluid, through space in inlet 8 sleeve pipe, is discharged from liquid outlet 9, and inner tube
Interior steam carries out adverse current heat convection, and steam condensation produces vapour, water two phase flow.Capacitor layers by the exhausted water layer of sensor 3 sealing
Analysis imaging sensor environmental work under liquid, measuring electrode signal leads to ect signal by transmission cable through upper strata end cap and adopts
Collection equipment, carries out data processing and image reconstruction in a computer, obtains the biphase distribution pattern of vapour in inner tube, liquid.
Different with traditional sensors demarcation, for keeping consistent with experimental condition, its barnyard is both needed to demarcation in the whole field
Complete under environmental condition under liquid.Record barnyard with the whole field under the conditions of measurement electric capacity, and for the image weight in process of the test
Build.
When each electrode being detected in test, the adjacent electrode gain of exciting electrode is low gain, and remaining is high-gain.
No. 1 first electrode, as exciting electrode, detects itself capacitance and 2 to No. 8 sensors between；Then with No. 2 electrodes for excitation
Electrode, detects itself capacitance and 3 to 8 sensors between；By that analogy, 28 capacitances are detected altogether.Excitation is passed through with detection
Control signal is sent into Acquisition Circuit by computer, and then controls excitation and the detection state of sensor electrode.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
All should be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
It is defined.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of capacitance tomography sensor being applied to environment under liquid is it is characterised in that described sensor includes two phase flow
Distribution measuring electrod-array, electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode, electrode gap ionization electrode, the exhausted water layer of sensor and signal transmission electricity
Cable；Described two phase flow distribution measuring electrod-array includes 8 measuring electrodes；Described signal-transmitting cable includes cable core and shielding silk
Net；
Wherein, described electrode gap ionization electrode is connected with electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode, via the shielding silk of signal-transmitting cable
Net is drawn, and the connection then passing through ect signal collecting device is ground wire grounded；
The exhausted water layer of described sensor enters to the measuring electrode of condensation pipeline section, electrode gap ionization electrode and electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode
Row sealing；
Cable core one end of described signal-transmitting cable is connected with measuring electrode, and other end connects ect signal collecting device, is adopted
The measurement data collecting is sent to computer through data collecting card and carries out image reconstruction；
The exhausted water layer of described sensor adopts silica gel, heat conduction mud or the epoxy resins insulation Heat Conduction Material of heat conductive insulating to make；
The mounting means of described sensor includes: will contain sensor array of measure electrodes, the electrode of 8 measuring electrodes (5) first
Interval ionization electrode (4), electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode (6) attach the outside wall surface being installed on sleeve type structure inner tube (1), then use
Water layer (3) absolutely seals to it；Inner tube (1) is placed in outer tube (11)；Sleeve structure passes through upper end cover (7) and bottom end cover
(10) sealed, the upper end cover through sleeve structure for the signal-transmitting cable (2) is drawn, upper and lower end cap fixes inner tube simultaneously；Outer tube
Upper and lower ends are respectively provided with inlet (8) and liquid outlet (9)；
The working method of described sensor includes: cooling fluid, through space in inlet (8) sleeve pipe, is arranged from liquid outlet (9)
Go out, and in inner tube, steam carries out adverse current heat convection, steam condensation produces vapour, water two phase flow；Close by the exhausted water layer of sensor (3)
The capacitance tomography sensor of envelope environmental work under liquid, measuring electrode signal is led to through upper strata end cap by transmission cable
Ect signal collecting device, carries out data processing and image reconstruction in a computer, obtains the biphase scattergram of vapour in inner tube, liquid
Shape；
Described sensor is different from traditional sensors demarcation, and for keeping consistent with experimental condition, its barnyard is equal with demarcation in the whole field
Need to complete under environmental condition under liquid；Record barnyard with the whole field under the conditions of measurement electric capacity, and for the image in process of the test
Rebuild, concrete demarcation mode includes:
When each electrode being detected in test, the adjacent electrode gain of exciting electrode is low gain, and remaining is high-gain；First
No. 1 electrode, as exciting electrode, detects itself capacitance and 2 to No. 8 electrodes between；Then with No. 2 electrodes as exciting electrode, inspection
Survey itself capacitance and 3 to 8 electrodes between；By that analogy, 28 capacitances are detected altogether；Excitation will be controlled by computer with detection
Signal processed sends into Acquisition Circuit, and then controls excitation and the detection state of sensor electrode；
Described sensor attaches and is installed on that measurement pipeline section cross section is circular, oval or rectangle is interior close-shaped；
Described two phase flow distribution measuring electrod-array, electrode gap ionization electrode and electrode tip ring-shaped shield electrode are all using Copper Foil material
Material makes；Electrode surface makees preservative treatment；
Described sensor is not provided with shielding case structure；
Described sensor length is 44mm, and measuring electrode (5) length is 30mm, and ring-shaped shield electrode (6) length is 6mm；Measurement
The width of electrode (2) calculates according to formula w=π d/n- δ, and wherein: w is measuring electrode width, d is the inner tube external diameter of sleeve pipe, and n is
It is to isolate electrode width between measuring electrode that measuring electrode quantity is equal to 8, δ；The inner tube external diameter of described sleeve pipe is 16mm, each measurement
Electrode width is 4.3mm, and isolation electrode width is 0.5mm.
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| CN201310636762.6A CN103604843B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | Electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in submerged environment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310636762.6A CN103604843B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | Electrical capacitance tomography sensor used in submerged environment |
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| CN103604843B true CN103604843B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN106596658A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-26 | 上海海洋大学 | Multiphase flow capacitance normalization method used for electrical capacitance tomography |
| CN105353004B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-08-28 | 华北电力大学 | The double spiral electrode capacitance tomography sensor in measure annular space |
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