CN103604292A - Three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace and method for controlling furnace condition thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace and method for controlling furnace condition thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103604292A CN103604292A CN201310584876.0A CN201310584876A CN103604292A CN 103604292 A CN103604292 A CN 103604292A CN 201310584876 A CN201310584876 A CN 201310584876A CN 103604292 A CN103604292 A CN 103604292A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling a furnace condition of a three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace. Electrodes are vertically arranged in a hearth of the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace, a burden layer in the hearth is longitudinally divided into a plurality of smelting zones, the smelting zones are insulated from one another, and each smelting zone corresponds to one electrode. The invention further discloses the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace which comprises the electrodes and high-temperature-resistant insulation devices. The electrodes are vertically arranged in the hearth of the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace, the high-temperature-resistant insulation devices are arranged in the hearth, the corresponding burden layer of the hearth is longitudinally divided into the multiple smelting zones by the high-temperature-resistant insulation devices, accordingly, the smelting zones are insulated from one another, and each smelting zone corresponds to the corresponding single electrode. The method and the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace have the advantages that the problem of influence of branch currents of a burden layer on running of an existing three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace can be solved by the method and the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace, the stability of the furnace condition can be improved, secondary running voltages of the three-phase alternating-current ore smelting furnace can be increased, electric energy of reaction zones of lower ends of the electrodes can be greatly increased, unit energy consumption of products can be reduced, and the yield of the products can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mineral hot furnace furnace control method and mineral hot furnace, specifically relate to a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method and a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace.
Background technology
Three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, belong to a kind of of mineral hot furnace, the product of smelting comprises the ferroalloys such as silicon system, chromium system, manganese system and calcium carbide, yellow phosphorus etc., during work, electrode inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, carries out arc-covering slag operation, by electrode, in stove, inputs electric flux, take the electric arc that occurs between electrode tip and furnace charge and charging resistance heat as thermal source heats, therefore also claim resistor electric arc stove.After furnace charge fusing, be divided into three layers in electric furnace, uppermost one deck is the furnace charge layer adding, and the second layer is the conversion zone that the lower end material melting of electrode forms, and the 3rd layer is that orlop is the melting layer that melt (product) forms.For three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, along with furnace charge, the variation of method operation, furnace charge layer resistance, stove material layer temperature, stove bed permeability etc. is also ensued variation, furnace charge layer resistance characteristic also will change, cause the working of a furnace repeatedly to change and cannot stablize, will cause slightly because of carelessness the working of a furnace to worsen, electrode not under, bottom temperature is inadequate, the difficulty of coming out of the stove, now from instrument, reflecting is that current fluctuation is large, transformer gear lower (electric furnace secondary voltage is on the low side), furnace power factor is low, rise fall of electrodes is frequent, phenomenon in stove is: overheated (the furnace charge face crust of furnace charge layer, furnace charge is flushing, and material is many, the local fusion hole that forms), the material spray of collapsing is serious, furnace gas temperature is high, on electrode, lift serious, furnace temperature is low, while coming out of the stove, showing as liquid form product has some setbacks, flow velocity is slow, product is clamminess and easily stops up stove eye, disclosing at the moment round steel discloses less than burner hearth center, final result is that product specific energy consumption is high, yield poorly, operating personnel feel very headache to this, cause the reason of such result to be mainly: cold conditions Charging Stock Used can be poor, molten state mixture is good conductor, mixture charge resistance characteristic is that resistance reduces along with the rising of temperature, when furnace charge layer is overheated, furnace charge layer branch current is too large, thereby affect the stable operation of electrode, cause the stability of the working of a furnace very poor, this feature has determined the complexity and difficulties of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control, also be numerous forerunners that are engaged in mineral hot furnace furnace control the causes for the success not yet so far.
Unstable and cause product specific energy consumption high in order to improve the three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace working of a furnace, the problem yielding poorly, traditional way is to safeguard by strengthening furnace charge face, regulate formula, reinforcement is come out of the stove, adjust secondary operation voltage, the means such as lifting electrode realize, but these ways are passive the taking of ability when degradating trend appears in the working of a furnace or while having worsened all, these measures normally all will be experienced a levelling period from being implemented into the working of a furnace, or when inaccurate and while adopting improper treatment measures to working of a furnace judgement, also can cause the working of a furnace further to worsen, this relies on method operating personnel's practical experience to complete completely, the strange phenomenon that this has also just caused the working of a furnace to vary with each individual, therefore, it is not very desirable that conventional approach is improved effect to working of a furnace instability problem, so that still exist product specific energy consumption high, the problem yielding poorly.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method is provided, the method can solve the impact of furnace charge layer branch current on the operation of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, improve working of a furnace stability, improve the secondary voltage of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation simultaneously and significantly increase the lower end reaction zone electric energy of electrode, to reduce product specific energy consumption and to improve output.
On the other hand, the technical problem that the present invention also will solve is: a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is provided, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace can solve the impact of furnace charge layer branch current on the operation of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, improve working of a furnace stability, improve the secondary voltage of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation simultaneously and significantly increase the lower end reaction zone electric energy of electrode, to reduce product specific energy consumption and to improve output.
With regard to method of the present invention, in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method, the electrode in the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace with vertical layout, described electrode inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, during smelting, furnace charge is heated by electrode current, from top to bottom form successively furnace charge layer, conversion zone and melting layer, wherein, the corresponding conversion zone of lower end of electrode, the liquid form product of melting layer flows out from plug for outlet, furnace charge floor in described burner hearth is longitudinally divided into several along it and smelts district, and each smelts between district insulated from each other, and each smelts the corresponding electrode in district.
More than the described end face of respectively smelting the lower end that lower surface insulated from each other between district is positioned at electrode.
With regard to three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention, in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, comprise the electrode in the burner hearth that is vertically arranged in described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, described electrode inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, during smelting, furnace charge is heated by electrode current, from top to bottom form successively furnace charge layer, conversion zone and melting layer, wherein, the corresponding conversion zone of lower end of electrode, the liquid form product of melting layer flows out from plug for outlet, also comprise the high-temperature insulation device being arranged in burner hearth, this high-temperature insulation device is longitudinally divided into several by the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor along it and smelts district, thereby make respectively to smelt between district insulated from each other, each smelts the corresponding electrode in district.
This three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase three electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of three heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is cylindric, described three heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer respectively, and their side in the central axis place of burner hearth in conjunction with connection, their another side is connected with the respective inner walls of burner hearth respectively, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into three in the smelting district that isolates completely in the radial direction and insulate along it.
This three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase three electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of three heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is cylindric, described three heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer respectively, and their side leaves longitudinally gap and/or their another side respectively and between the respective inner walls of burner hearth, leaves gap longitudinally in the central axis place of burner hearth, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into three along it and smelts district, each is smelted district and interconnects by furnace charge at gap location.
This three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase six electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of five heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is rectangular-shaped, described five heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer and all with the same a pair of mutual opposed parallel sidewalls of burner hearth, another of this burner hearth is connected with the respective side edge of these heat resistance insulating sheets mutual opposed sidewall, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into six smelting districts that isolate completely on width and insulate along it.
This three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase six electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of five heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is rectangular-shaped, described five heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer and all with the same a pair of mutual opposed parallel sidewalls of burner hearth, another of this burner hearth is to leaving gap longitudinally between mutual opposed sidewall and the respective side edge of these heat resistance insulating sheets, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into six along it and smelts district, each is smelted district and interconnects by furnace charge at gap location.
More than the lower surface of described heat resistance insulating sheet is all positioned at the end face of lower end of electrode.
Method of the present invention is longitudinally divided into several by the furnace charge floor in three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace along it and smelts district, each smelts between district insulated from each other, each smelts the corresponding electrode in district, so just can realize the stable of furnace charge layer resistance and maximize, make the furnace charge layer branch current between the electrode of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace be down to minimum, again because the resistance in conversion zone and molten bath is relatively stable, at this moment the resistance in the stove of whole three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is comparatively stable comparatively speaking, the electric energy of input three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace just can act on conversion zone and melting layer to greatest extent like this, the basic load of transformer is the resistive load in stove, therefore the working of a furnace is more stable, in this case, can use higher secondary voltage and lower secondary current, three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace can full load be moved, at this moment the voltage and current of electrode tip electric arc is all larger, arc radius can improve much relatively with arc length, thereby three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace conversion zone and melting layer area are expanded, bottom temperature remains at the required very high level of smelting, thereby reach the object of Increasing Production and Energy Saving, the electrical efficiency of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace in this case, power factor (PF), utilization rate of electrical will significantly improve, even do not need reactive-load compensation just can meet the requirement of power factor (PF) under certain condition, at this moment the utilization rate of electric energy and electrical efficiency are very high.
Mineral hot furnace of the present invention adopts high-temperature insulation device that the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into several smelting districts along it, thereby make respectively to smelt between district insulated from each other, and each is smelted in district an electrode is set, during work, just can realize the stable of furnace charge layer resistance and maximize, make the furnace charge layer branch current between the electrode of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace be down to minimum, again because the resistance of conversion zone and melting layer is relatively stable, at this moment the resistance in the stove of whole three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is comparatively stable comparatively speaking, the electric energy of input three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace just can act on conversion zone and melting layer to greatest extent like this, electrode can be stablized to greatest extent and go deep into furnace charge layer and move, therefore the three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace working of a furnace of the present invention is more stable, thereby improve utilization rate and the electrical efficiency of electric energy, reach the object of energy-saving and production-increase.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace basic functional principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is method operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that Fig. 3 a-a is intended to cross-section illustration;
Fig. 5 is the top view of another kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that Fig. 5 b-b is intended to cross-section illustration;
Fig. 7 is the top view of another three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the top view of another three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace again of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For describing technical characterictic of the present invention and effect in detail, and can realize according to the content of this description, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated.
In order to be illustrated more clearly in three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method of the present invention, the thinking of method of the present invention is first described in conjunction with existing three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace basic functional principle, referring to Fig. 1, for existing three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation principle schematic diagram is (in order to simplify, two electrode 2B have only schematically been drawn, 2C), arrow in figure represents electric current and flow direction thereof, existing three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace comprises body of heater 1 and is vertically arranged in the electrode 2B in the burner hearth of this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, 2C, electrode 2B, 2C inserts in furnace charge, after during work, furnace charge melts, in three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, be divided into three layers, the furnace charge layer 4 that uppermost one deck is, the second layer is the conversion zone 5 that furnace charge fusing forms, the 3rd layer is that orlop is the melting layer 6 that melt (liquid form product) forms, electric current is from a wherein electrode 2B inflow, at two electrode 2B, furnace charge layer 4 between 2C, conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6 form respectively branch current, then after converging, another root electrode 2C place flows out, because the branch current of furnace charge layer 4 is excessive, electric current is by electrode 2B, furnace charge layer 4 between 2C also can produce a large amount of heats, cause furnace charge layer 4 to be preheated seriously undue and make the resistance of furnace charge layer 4 less, thereby cause furnace charge layer 4 branch current too large, 4 work done of furnace charge layer are too many, 4 work done of furnace charge layer are more, to aggravate furnace charge layer 4 temperature raises, furnace charge layer 4 resistance are further declined, form like this vicious circle, the overheated charge level caking that makes of last furnace charge layer 4, form a large amount of red material, even produce fusion hole, cause the poor and material spray phenomenon of collapsing of charge level gas permeability, rise fall of electrodes is frequent, the working of a furnace is extremely unstable, on the other hand, because transformer capacity is certain, its fan-out capability is limited, and the aggravation of furnace charge layer 4 work done must cause conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6 work done reductions and three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace stove overload operation, causes electrical efficiency, power factor (PF), the utilization rate of electrical of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace not high.
According to the above, stablize the whole three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace working of a furnace to reach the object of Increasing Production and Energy Saving, key is to stablize the interior resistance of stove of whole three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, because the resistance of conversion zone 5 and molten bath layer 6 is relatively stable, and to stablize resistance in stove, the crucial resistance that is again to stablize furnace charge layer 4, based on this thinking, the present invention proposes a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method, and existing 2 pairs of the method by reference to the accompanying drawings describe.
Referring to Fig. 2, be method operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention (in order to simplify, also only schematically having drawn two electrode 2B, 2C) that the arrow in figure represents electric current and flow direction thereof.A kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method of the present invention, three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace has body of heater 1, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace comprises the electrode 2B being vertically arranged in its burner hearth, 2C, electrode 2B, 2C inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, during smelting, furnace charge is by electrode 2B, 2C current flow heats, from top to bottom form successively furnace charge layer 4, conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6, wherein, electrode 2B, the corresponding conversion zone 5 of lower end part of 2C, the liquid form product of melting layer 6 flows out from plug for outlet 9, furnace charge floor 4 in burner hearth is longitudinally divided into several along it and smelts district, each smelts between district insulated from each other, for example resemble Fig. 2 and smelt between district the object that high-temperature insulation band 3 can reach insulation is set at each, each smelts the corresponding electrode in district, smelt the quantity in district identical with the quantity of electrode, and the quantity of electrode should meet the quantity of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation principle.Adopt such technical scheme to be equivalent to increase between two electrode (electrode 2B in Fig. 2 for example, the resistance of furnace charge layer 4 2C), very little by the electric current of the furnace charge layer 4 between electrode between two so, furnace charge layer 4 branch current between electrode can be down to minimum between two, electric current is very little to 4 work done of furnace charge layer, 4 heating of furnace charge layer are very slight, thereby the resistance of whole furnace charge layer 4 is also relatively stable, the working of a furnace is also relatively stable, so just can use as much as possible higher secondary voltage and allow the stable furnace charge layer 4 that gos deep into of electrode move, in order to make to input electric energy in stove, act on to greatest extent conversion zone 5 and the melting layer 6 of electrode tip, electrode 2B, the lower end part of 2C is answered corresponding conversion zone 5, respectively smelt furnace charge floor 4 that lower surface insulated from each other between district should be in burner hearth and more than the interface between conversion zone 5, to obtain large as far as possible electrical efficiency and utilization rate of electrical, reduce product unit power consumption, in order to reduce as much as possible or to stop 4 work done of furnace charge floor and avoid respectively smelting that lower surface insulated from each other between district is damaged by high arc temperature and the effect that loses insulation, this is respectively smelted lower surface insulated from each other between district and gos deep into the above correct position of end face that the degree of depth of furnace charge floor 4 should be positioned at electrode tip, and each is smelted, and distance between lower surface insulated from each other between district and the end face of electrode tip remains on 10cm and 10cm is above for better.
Known by above description, adopt method of the present invention can change uncertainty and the complexity of operated in accordance with conventional methods, furnace control is simplified more; Adopt method of the present invention, can utilize furnace gas to carry out abundant preheating to furnace charge, then reenter stove, can adopt rotary kiln-three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace method route, can further reduce the consumption of electric furnace to electric energy like this, further reduce product specific energy consumption; Adopt method of the present invention, the electric geometric parameter of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace can to a certain degree be exaggerated, thereby can further improve the production capacity of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace.
Below by for example three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method of the present invention being elaborated.
For example, furnace of calcium carbide is smelted while adopting method of the present invention, can utilize quick lime in furnace charge that furnace charge floor 4 is separated into three and smelt districts' (smelt the quantity in district and the quantity of electrode is identical and the quantity of electrode should meet the quantity of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation principle), namely utilize and can form a high-temperature insulation band 3 simultaneously extending along burner hearth radial direction along the extension of furnace depth direction by furnace charge (quick lime of furnace of calcium carbide) high temperature resistant and good insulation preformance, like this furnace charge floor 4 between electrode is between two separated into three and smelts districts insulation, structure as shown in Figure 3, then according to existing production process, carry out smelting work, certainly in the present embodiment, also can adopt heat resistance insulating sheet to form high-temperature insulation band 3, can reach the object of stable furnace condition equally, that is to say, high-temperature insulation band 3 can be not limited to form (as heat resistance insulating sheet or the high-temperature insulation band that consists of the mineral hot furnace raw material of high temperature resistant and good insulation preformance), also be not limited to shape (if high-temperature insulation band 3 can be plane or curved surface) as long as can reach the effect of high-temperature insulation, just can realize object of the present invention.
Below three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention is described.
Embodiment mono-
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, be a kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention, be a kind of three-phase three electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, comprise body of heater 1, vertically be arranged in three electrode 2A in burner hearth, 2B, 2C and be arranged in high-temperature insulation device 3 in burner hearth ', electrode 2A, 2B, 2C inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, and during smelting, furnace charge is by electrode 2A, 2B, 2C current flow heats, from top to bottom forms furnace charge layer 4 successively, conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6, wherein, electrode 2A, 2B, the corresponding conversion zone 5 of lower end part of 2C, the liquid form product of melting layer 5 flows out from plug for outlet 10, this high-temperature insulation device 3 ' formed by three heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth that this three electrode exchanges mineral hot furnace is cylindric, these three heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in furnace charge layer 4 corresponding burner hearth and their side in the central axis place of burner hearth in conjunction with connection, another side of these three heat resistance insulating sheets is connected with the respective inner walls of burner hearth respectively, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor 4 is longitudinally divided into three smelting district 4-1 that isolating completely in the radial direction and insulating along it, 4-2, 4-3, thus make respectively to smelt between district insulated from each other, smelt in districts correspondence respectively for these three electrode 2A is set, electrode 2B and electrode 2C.
Embodiment bis-
Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, be another kind of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace of the present invention, be a kind of three-phase six electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, comprise body of heater 1, vertically be arranged in the electrode 2A in the burner hearth of this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, 2B, 2C and 2X, 2Y, 2Z and be arranged in high-temperature insulation device 3 in burner hearth ', electrode 2A, 2B, 2C and 2X, 2Y, 2Z inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, and during smelting, furnace charge is by electrode 2A, 2B, 2C and 2X, 2Y, 2Z current flow heats, from top to bottom forms furnace charge layer 4 successively, conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6, wherein, electrode 2A, 2B, 2C and 2X, 2Y, the corresponding conversion zone 5 of lower end part of 2Z, the liquid form product of melting layer 6 flows out from plug for outlet 10, this high-temperature insulation device 3 ' formed by five heat resistance insulating sheets, these heat resistance insulating sheet upper ends are connected with a hydraulic jack 8 respectively, these hydraulic jacks 8 are fixed on mineral hot furnace petticoat pipe 7, between hydraulic jack 8 and mineral hot furnace petticoat pipe 7, be lined with insulator foot 9, like this these heat resistance insulating sheets are hung in furnace charge layer 4 and by hydraulic jack 8 and drive and can move up and down, thereby can adjust the degree of depth that these heat resistance insulating sheets insert furnace charge layer 4, the burner hearth of this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is rectangular-shaped, these five heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in burner hearths and all with the same a pair of mutual opposed parallel sidewalls of burner hearth, another of this burner hearth is connected with the respective side edge of these heat resistance insulating sheets mutual opposed sidewall, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor 4 is longitudinally divided into six smelting district 4-1 that isolate completely on width and insulate along it, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, thus make respectively to smelt between district insulated from each other, smelt in districts correspondence respectively for these six electrode 2A is set, electrode 2X, electrode 2B, electrode 2Y, electrode 2C and electrode 2Z.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, in order to make to input electric energy in stove, act on to greatest extent conversion zone 5 and melting layer 6, the lower end part of electrode 2A, 2B, 2C or 2A, 2B, 2C, 2X, 2Y, 2Z is corresponding with conversion zone 4, be on the lower surface of the lower surface of the heat resistance insulating sheet furnace charge layer 4 corresponding burner hearth that should be positioned at burner hearth, to improve electrical efficiency and utilization rate of electrical, reduce product unit power consumption; In order to reduce as much as possible or to stop 4 work done of furnace charge layer and avoid the lower surface of heat resistance insulating sheet damaged by high arc temperature and lose insulation compartmentation, more than the lower surface of heat resistance insulating sheet should be positioned at the end face of electrode tip, the distance between the end face of the lower surface of heat resistance insulating sheet and electrode 2A, 2B, 2C or 2A, 2B, 2C, 2X, 2Y, 2Z termination remains on 10cm and 10cm is above for better.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, it is cylindric or rectangular-shaped that burner hearth is, and this burner hearth can also be other shapes, for example prism-frustum-shaped or to be horizontal cross-section be oval column; The quantity of electrode is not limited only to three or the six roots of sensation, can also be other quantity that meets three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace operation principle, in this case, the quantity in the smelting district that the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor 4 is longitudinally divided into along it should equate and corresponding setting one by one with the quantity of electrode now, in each smelting district, an electrode is set; Heat resistance insulating sheet is not only confined to the plate of plane, it can also be the plate of curved surface, form high-temperature insulation device 3 ' be not only confined to heat resistance insulating sheet, can also be other suitable shape or forms, as utilized, can form a movable insulating tape simultaneously extending along burner hearth radial direction along the extension of furnace depth direction by furnace charge (as the quick lime of furnace of calcium carbide) high temperature resistant and good insulation preformance, like this by the 4 smelting district of the furnace charge floor between electrode insulation between two, that is to say, as long as can reach the effect of high-temperature insulation.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, the smelting district of the high-temperature insulation device 3 ' corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor 4 is divided into is at width or be isolate completely and insulate in the radial direction, also can be not exclusively isolate and insulate as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 like that, according to the actual working of a furnace of different mineral hot furnaces, also can between the respective side edge of heat resistance insulating sheet and/or between the side of heat resistance insulating sheet and the inwall of burner hearth, leave gap, each is smelted district and interconnects by furnace charge at gap location, also can reach object of the present invention.
In addition, it should be noted that, make above-mentioned high-temperature insulation device 3 ' or the material of heat resistance insulating sheet can from existing material, select, selection requirements is: resistant to elevated temperatures temperature should be not less than the highest smelting temperature in three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, and insulating properties are tackled in the highest secondary voltage of transformer of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace and can reliably be insulated.
Above with reference to embodiment, the present invention being have been described in detail, is illustrative and not restrictive, in the variation and the modification that do not depart under general plotting of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method, the electrode in the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace with vertical layout, described electrode inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, during smelting, furnace charge is heated by electrode current, from top to bottom form successively furnace charge layer, conversion zone and melting layer, wherein, the corresponding conversion zone of lower end of electrode, the liquid form product of melting layer flows out from plug for outlet, it is characterized in that, the furnace charge floor in described burner hearth is longitudinally divided into several along it and smelts district, each smelts between district insulated from each other, and each smelts the corresponding electrode in district.
2. three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace furnace control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, more than the described end face of respectively smelting the lower end that lower surface insulated from each other between district is positioned at electrode.
3. a three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, comprise the electrode in the burner hearth that is vertically arranged in described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace, described electrode inserts in the furnace charge in burner hearth, during smelting, furnace charge is heated by electrode current, from top to bottom form successively furnace charge layer, conversion zone and melting layer, wherein, the corresponding conversion zone of lower end of electrode, the liquid form product of melting layer flows out from plug for outlet, it is characterized in that, also comprise the high-temperature insulation device being arranged in burner hearth, this high-temperature insulation device is longitudinally divided into several by the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor along it and smelts district, thereby make respectively to smelt between district insulated from each other, each smelts the corresponding electrode in district.
4. three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase three electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of three heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is cylindric, described three heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer respectively, and their side in the central axis place of burner hearth in conjunction with connection, their another side is connected with the respective inner walls of burner hearth respectively, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into three in the smelting district that isolates completely in the radial direction and insulate along it.
5. three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase three electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of three heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is cylindric, described three heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer respectively, and their side leaves longitudinally gap and/or their another side respectively and between the respective inner walls of burner hearth, leaves gap longitudinally in the central axis place of burner hearth, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into three along it and smelts district, each is smelted district and interconnects by furnace charge at gap location.
6. three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase six electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of five heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is rectangular-shaped, described five heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer and all with the same a pair of mutual opposed parallel sidewalls of burner hearth, another of this burner hearth is connected with the respective side edge of these heat resistance insulating sheets mutual opposed sidewall, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into six smelting districts that isolate completely on width and insulate along it.
7. three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, this three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is that three-phase six electrodes exchange mineral hot furnace, described high-temperature insulation device is comprised of five heat resistance insulating sheets, the burner hearth of described three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace is rectangular-shaped, described five heat resistance insulating sheets vertically insert respectively in the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge layer and all with the same a pair of mutual opposed parallel sidewalls of burner hearth, another of this burner hearth is to leaving gap longitudinally between mutual opposed sidewall and the respective side edge of these heat resistance insulating sheets, thereby the corresponding burner hearth of furnace charge floor is longitudinally divided into six along it and smelts district, each is smelted district and interconnects by furnace charge at gap location.
8. according to the three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace described in claim 4 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, more than the lower surface of described heat resistance insulating sheet is all positioned at the end face of lower end of electrode.
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