CN103602091A - Straw/thermosetting resin compound and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw/thermosetting resin compound and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a straw/thermosetting resin compound and a preparation method of the straw/thermosetting resin compound, relates to a thermosetting resin compound product and a preparation method of the thermosetting resin compound product, and aims to solve the technical problems of complicated preparation process of the existing composite material which takes straw as a raw material, low proportion of the straw to the composite material and poor environmental friendliness. The straw/thermosetting resin compound is prepared from the straw, a surface treating agent and a thermosetting epoxy resin system material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: flattening the straw, and coating the surface treating agent on the surface of the straw; coating the thermosetting epoxy resin system material; carrying out curing molding to obtain the straw/thermosetting resin compound. The tensile strength of the straw/thermosetting resin compound is 80 to 130MPa, the bending strength is 94 to 150MPa, and the interfacial shear strength is 11 to 32MPa. The straw/thermosetting resin compound can be used for manufacturing household supplies, municipal and environmental sanitation supplies and industrial supplies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermosetting resin composite product and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China peasant has long history to the utilization of crop material, just because the past level of agricultural production is low, yield poorly, stalk quantity is few, stalk is except on a small quantity for packing ring, pasture, outside part is made compost for heap, major part is all left unused in the fields.Along with the development of agriculture production, China's grain yield significantly improves, and stalk quantity is also many, and the popularization of firewood-saving and coal-saving technology is in addition burnt coal and used the universal of liquefied gas, and making has a large amount of stalks more than needed in rural area.For a long time, agricultural crop straw is to be used as scrap handling substantially.Every harvest season, most areas all can occur " village village igniting is smoldered everywhere, stalk everywhere, the flames of war rise all around " situation, ecotope is caused to very big harm.Stalk is a kind of good clean reproducible energy, is one of tool new forms of energy of developing potentiality, and these stalks are turned waste into wealth and had good economy, ecology and social benefit.There are reports as raw material is prepared matrix material to take stalk, but exist preparation technology loaded down with trivial details, and stalk proportion in matrix material is on the low side, and the feature of environmental protection is not enough, has the problems such as formaldehyde release.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve existingly to take the matrix material that stalk is raw material and exist preparation technology loaded down with trivial details, and stalk proportion in matrix material is on the low side, the technical problem of feature of environmental protection deficiency, and stalk/thermosetting resin mixture and preparation method thereof is provided.
Stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of the present invention is made by stalk, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Wherein surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 1%~5% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 5%~9% water and the ethanol of surplus form;
Thermosetting epoxy resin system material is self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material, intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material or hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material is pressed ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 10~20 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560), the thiorubber of 15~20 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 20~25 parts, the nano silicon of 1~5 part, the calcium carbonate of 10~15 parts, the dimethylbenzene of 2~10 parts of acetic acid and 20~30 parts forms;
Intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material is pressed ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 15~20 parts, the silica powder of 10~60 parts, the talcum powder of 40~100 parts, the magnesium oxide of 8~10 parts, the acetic acid of 1~9 part, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 1~10 part and the acetone of 15~30 parts form.
Hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material is pressed ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 100~200 parts, the aliphatic amide of 1~15 part, and the nano-silica powder of 7~20 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 10~15 parts and 4~10 parts forms.
The preparation method of stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of the present invention is: after stalk is flattened, at surface-coated surface treatment agent; And then coating thermosetting epoxy resin system material; Be cured again moulding, obtain stalk/thermosetting resin mixture.
Wherein the temperature of the curing molding of self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material is room temperature condition, and 20~30 ℃, molding time is 24~30h.
The curing molding temperature of intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material is 75~85 ℃, and molding time is 5~6h.
The curing molding temperature of hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material is 150~160 ℃, and molding time is 8~11h.
Stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of the present invention adopts stalk as enhancing, toughner, and stalk is proportion >85wt% in matrix material.Selection by resin formula and moulding process have been realized mixture and have been had the target that good over-all properties has extremely low production cost simultaneously.The tensile strength of stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of the present invention is 80~130MPa, and flexural strength is 94~150MPa, and interface shear strength is 11~32MPa.Utilize stalk as the reinforcement of thermosetting resin, guaranteeing under the performance prerequisite of polymer matrix composites excellence, significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of polymer matrix composites, be conducive to the recycling of stalk product, be also conducive to further applying of polymer matrix composites.Have again the feature that technique is simple, be beneficial to environmental protection, stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of the present invention can be used for making produces multiple product, as industrial goods such as the household articles such as tables and chairs and floor, municipal environmental sanitation articles for use, pallets simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: stalk/thermosetting resin mixture of present embodiment is made by stalk, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Embodiment two: present embodiment is different from embodiment one is that surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 1%~5% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 5%~9% water and the ethanol of surplus form.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment was different from embodiment one or two is that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material, intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material or hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 10~20 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560), the thiorubber of 15~20 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 20~25 parts, the nano silicon of 1~5 part, the calcium carbonate of 10~15 parts, the dimethylbenzene of 2~10 parts of acetic acid and 20~30 parts forms; Other are identical with embodiment three.
In the self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material of present embodiment, active ingredient γ-(2 have been added, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane, this material can with ester, the wax effect on stalk surface, strengthen the osmosis of self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material to stalk, make this resin system material be easier to infiltrate stalk, and can and stalk between form chemical bond and improve composite material interface performance, thereby improve the over-all properties of whole stalk compound material.In addition, this formula can self-vulcanizing, is applicable to quick die press technology for forming, and front-end investment is low, can produce in batches, and product cost is low.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 12~18 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560), the thiorubber of 16~18 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 22~24 parts, the nano silicon of 2~4 parts, the calcium carbonate of 12~14 parts, the dimethylbenzene of 4~8 parts of acetic acid and 22~28 parts forms.Other are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 15~20 parts, the silica powder of 10~60 parts, the talcum powder of 40~100 parts, the magnesium oxide of 8~10 parts, the acetic acid of 1~9 part, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 1~10 part and the acetone of 15~30 parts form.Other are identical with embodiment three.
The advantage of the intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material of present embodiment is to be very easy to realize the thorough impregnation to stalk, make the adding of toughness reinforcing component fluids paracril it can be at interface formation flexible transition layer, improve the fragility of composite material interface, increase the adhesive attraction of intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material to straw simultaneously, realize than more excellent interface performance and over-all properties.In addition, this formula, for intermediate temperature setting, has longer room temperature working life, is applicable to multiple moulding process: as hand paste, mold pressing, pressure bag method, autoclave method etc., can realize continuous production.Product over-all properties is high compared with self-vulcanizing, has more excellent mechanical property, electric property, corrosion resistance nature, environmental-protecting performance (without any solvent evaporates) etc., the applicable product that product performance are had relatively high expectations, and added value of product is higher.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 16~19 parts, the silica powder of 15~55 parts, the talcum powder of 45~80 parts, the magnesium oxide of 8.5~9 parts, the acetic acid of 3~7 parts, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 4~6 parts and the acetone of 20~25 parts form.Other are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 100~200 parts, the aliphatic amide of 1~15 part, the nano-silica powder of 7~20 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 10~15 parts and 4~10 parts forms.Other are identical with embodiment three.
The hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material of present embodiment is hot setting formula, normal temperature can reach more than 1 day working life, by suitable heating, can realize the thorough impregnation to stalk, and can there is chemical reaction with stalk surface treatment agent Suo Dai functional group, by forming the interface performance of chemical bond reinforced composite, meanwhile, flexible composition adds the toughness that can improve greatly composite material interface and whole matrix material.This formula is suitable for most composite material process plannings, as hand paste, mold pressing, injection, RTM, pressure bag method, autoclave method etc.Product over-all properties is best, has excellent resistance toheat, mechanical property, insulating property, corrosion resistance nature, environmental-protecting performance (without any solvent evaporates) etc.Be applicable to product performance to require high high value added product.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is different from embodiment three be hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 150~180 parts, the aliphatic amide of 5~10 parts, the nano-silica powder of 10~15 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 12~14 parts and 5~8 parts forms.Other are identical with embodiment three.
Embodiment ten: what present embodiment was different from embodiment eight or nine is that aliphatic amide is that aliphatic amide is C
8-C
16organic amine compound.Other are identical with embodiment eight or nine.
Embodiment 11: the preparation method of the stalk/thermosetting resin mixture described in embodiment one is: after stalk is flattened, at surface-coated surface treatment agent; And then coating thermosetting epoxy resin system material; Be cured again moulding, obtain stalk/thermosetting resin mixture.
Embodiment 12: what present embodiment was different from embodiment 11 is that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material, its curing molding temperature is room temperature condition, 20~30 ℃, molding time is 24~30h.Other are identical with embodiment 11.
Embodiment 13: what present embodiment was different from embodiment 11 is that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material, and the temperature of its curing molding is 75~85 ℃, and molding time is 5~6h.Other are identical with embodiment 11.
Embodiment 14: what present embodiment was different from embodiment 11 is that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material, and the temperature of its curing molding is 150~160 ℃, and molding time is 8~11h.Other are identical with embodiment 11.
Embodiment 15: what present embodiment was different from embodiment 11 is that described stalk is straw or rice straw.Other are identical with embodiment 11.
With following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1: rice straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is made by rice straw, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system; Wherein surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 3% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 8% water and the ethanol of surplus form; Thermosetting epoxy resin system is E~44 epoxy resin by 100 parts by ratio of quality and the number of copies, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 15 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560), the thiorubber of 18 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 23 parts, the nano silicon of 3 parts, the calcium carbonate of 12 parts, the dimethylbenzene of 5 parts of acetic acid and 25 parts forms.
The concrete preparation method of rice straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is as follows:
One, take by mass percentage 3% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 8% water and the ethanol of surplus, mix, obtain surface treatment agent;
Two, by ratio of quality and the number of copies, take E~44 epoxy resin of 100 parts, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 15 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560), the thiorubber of 18 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 23 parts, the nano silicon of 3 parts, the calcium carbonate of 12 parts, the diformazan benzo of 5 parts of acetic acid and 25 parts mixes, and obtains thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Three, after rice straw is flattened, the surface treatment agent then obtaining in surface-coated step 1; And then the thermosetting epoxy resin system material that obtains of coating step two; Being placed in mould, is that 100MPa, temperature are the condition placement 24h curing molding of 25 ℃ at pressure, obtains rice straw/thermosetting resin composite panel.
The mechanical property of rice straw/thermosetting resin composite panel that this test obtains is as shown in table 1.
Test 2: rice straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is made by rice straw, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system; Wherein surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 5% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 8% water and the ethanol of surplus form; Thermosetting epoxy resin system is F~44 epoxy resin by 100 parts by ratio of quality and the number of copies, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 18 parts, the silica powder of 50 parts, the talcum powder of 50 parts, the magnesium oxide of 9 parts, the acetic acid of 5 parts, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 5 parts and the acetone of 25 parts form de-.
The concrete preparation method of straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is as follows:
One, take by mass percentage 5% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 8% water and the ethanol of surplus, mix, and obtains surface treatment agent;
Two, by ratio of quality and the number of copies, take F~44 epoxy resin of 100 parts, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 18 parts, the silica powder of 50 parts, the talcum powder of 50 parts, the magnesium oxide of 9 parts, the acetic acid of 5 parts, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 5 parts and the acetone of 25 parts also mix, and obtain thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Three, after straw is flattened, the surface treatment agent then obtaining in surface-coated step 1; And then the thermosetting epoxy resin system material that obtains of coating step two; Being placed in mould, is that 100MPa, temperature are that the condition of 80 ℃ bleeds off pressure 5h at pressure, and curing molding, obtains straw/thermosetting resin composite panel.
The mechanical property of straw/thermosetting resin composite panel that this test obtains is as shown in table 1.
Test 3: rice straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is made by rice straw, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system; Wherein surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 2% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 6% water and the ethanol of surplus form; Thermosetting epoxy resin system be by ratio of quality and the number of copies by E~42 epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 160 parts, the amino dodecane of 8 parts, the nano-silica powder of 12 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 13 parts and 7 parts forms.
The concrete preparation method of rice straw/thermosetting resin mixture of this test is as follows:
One, take by mass percentage 2% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 6% water and the ethanol of surplus, mix, and obtains surface treatment agent;
Two, by ratio of quality and the number of copies, take E~42 epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 160 parts, the aliphatic amide of 8 parts, the nano-silica powder of 12 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 13 parts and 7 parts also mixes, and obtains thermosetting epoxy resin system material;
Three, after rice straw is flattened, the surface treatment agent then obtaining in surface-coated step 1; And then the thermosetting epoxy resin system material that obtains of coating step two; Being placed in mould, is that 100MPa, temperature are to suppress 10h under the condition of 150 ℃ at pressure, and curing molding, obtains rice straw/thermosetting resin composite panel.
The mechanical property of rice straw/thermosetting resin composite panel that this test obtains is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 test 1~3 paper/thermosetting resin mixture mechanical property obtaining
Claims (10)
1. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture, is characterized in that this mixture made by stalk, surface treatment agent and thermosetting epoxy resin system material.
2. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 1, is characterized in that surface treatment agent is by mass percentage by 1%~5% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the mixing solutions that 5%~9% water and the ethanol of surplus form.
3. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material, intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material or hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material.
4. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 3, it is characterized in that self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the silane coupling agent γ-(2 of 10~20 parts, 3-epoxy the third oxygen) propyl trimethoxy silicane, the thiorubber of 15~20 parts, the L-glutamic acid of 20~25 parts, the nano silicon of 1~5 part, the calcium carbonate of 10~15 parts, the dimethylbenzene of 2~10 parts of acetic acid and 20~30 parts forms.
5. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 3, it is characterized in that intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies the epoxy resin by 100 parts, the liquid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber of 15~20 parts, the silica powder of 10~60 parts, the talcum powder of 40~100 parts, the magnesium oxide of 8~10 parts, the acetic acid of 1~9 part, the silane coupling agent KH-560 of 1~10 part and the acetone of 15~30 parts form.
6. stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 3, it is characterized in that hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material by ratio of quality and the number of copies by the epoxy resin of 100 parts, the hydrochloric acid of 100~200 parts, the aliphatic amide of 1~15 part, the nano-silica powder of 7~20 parts, the ethanol of the Paris white of 10~15 parts and 4~10 parts forms.
7. the method for preparation stalk/thermosetting resin mixture claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the method is: after stalk is flattened, at surface-coated surface treatment agent; And then coating thermosetting epoxy resin system material; Be cured again moulding, obtain stalk/thermosetting resin mixture.
8. the preparation method of stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 7, it is characterized in that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is self-vulcanizing thermosetting epoxy resin system material, its curing molding temperature is 20~30 ℃, and molding time is 24~30h.
9. the preparation method of stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 7, it is characterized in that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is intermediate temperature setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material, the temperature of its curing molding is 75~85 ℃, and molding time is 5~6h.
10. the preparation method of stalk/thermosetting resin mixture according to claim 7, it is characterized in that thermosetting epoxy resin system material is hot setting thermosetting epoxy resin system material, the temperature of its curing molding is 150~160 ℃, and molding time is 8~11h.
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Effective date of registration: 20160215 Address after: 150000, room 14955, No. 301, No. 9, enterprise accelerator building, science and technology innovation enterprise, Harbin hi tech Zone, Heilongjiang, China Patentee after: Harbin dexten Dexin composite Mstar Technology Ltd Address before: 150001 No. 23, postal street, Nangang District, Heilongjiang, Harbin Patentee before: Ren Hui |