CN103600168B - Method for welding large thin-walled metal workpiece by exerting dotted prestress - Google Patents
Method for welding large thin-walled metal workpiece by exerting dotted prestress Download PDFInfo
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- CN103600168B CN103600168B CN201310643370.2A CN201310643370A CN103600168B CN 103600168 B CN103600168 B CN 103600168B CN 201310643370 A CN201310643370 A CN 201310643370A CN 103600168 B CN103600168 B CN 103600168B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
A method for welding a large thin-walled metal workpiece by exerting dotted prestress includes the steps of firstly, starting conducting prestressing on the portion which is 5 lambda hmm away from the upper edge of a welding bead and the portion which is 5 lambda hmm away from the lower edge of the welding bead in a point contact mode at 5 lambda hmm intervals from a weld joint starting point, and then conducting welding, wherein the contact face of each prestressing point is in a circular shape, and the welding speed is controlled to be 300mm/min; secondly, evenly heating each prestressing point till the temperature reaches 50 lambda h DEG C while conducting welding; thirdly, keeping the prestress and the preheating temperature for 30 minutes after welding is completed; fourthly, when the welding mode is a laser welding mode, upward adjusting a laser focus by 4mm to 8mm after welding is completed, finishing a weld joint again at the scanning speed of 600mm/min, and completing the whole welding process. By means of the method, refined welding of the large thin-walled workpiece is achieved, the rejection rate is lowered, the manufacturing level is improved, and the manufacturing mode of some special parts is changed. By evenly heating the dotted prestressing points in the welding process and within 30min after the welding is completed, welding deformation can be effectively controlled, and refined welding can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solder technology and stress control technique field, relate to a kind of weld industry technology, in particular to adopting the method applying point-like prestress and weld large thin-wall metal works, apply prestress by butt welded seam in welding process and regulate weld stress, thus prevent the method for seam deformation.
Background technology
Large thin-wall metal (high temperature alloy, stainless steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, carbon steel etc.) component easily because heat input is too high and local heating's uneven generation distortion, distortion and welding seam hardening are protruding, affects assembly precision and performance in welding process.
At present, the method for large thin-wall hardware precision welding mainly contains special tooling controlling distortion, welding rear pincers worker polishing repair, post weld heat treatment controlling distortion, adjusts welding sequence controlling distortion and laser weld etc. according to distortion.Can effective controlling distortion for large-scale complex thin-wall hardware design specialized frock, but precise treatment cannot be realized control, weld seam entirety seems without distortion, but the projection of local cannot effectively be adjusted, particularly for some fine structure parts with depression; After welding, polishing repair workload is large, and polishing repair process easily produces stress again, cause welded seam area post-curing, reduce fatigue life and the corrosion resisting property of stainless steel component, pincers worker repair also can not effectively ensure repair precision, and the yield rate of the thin-wall stainless steel component causing some assembly precision requirements high reduces; Post weld heat treatment can regulate weld stress state, but uncontrollable workpiece, and often cause workpiece distortion, particularly complex thin-wall workpiece; To be suitable for needing the structural member (as bridge structure part) of a large amount of built-up welding according to deformation adjustment welding sequence, and not obvious for the thin-wall workpiece effect of thickness within 1.5mm; Though adopt laser weld can make the reduction that distorts, weld seam position stress is concentrated and is still occurred that sclerosis is protruding, affects assembly precision.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the method adopting and apply point-like prestress and large thin-wall metal works is welded, around welding bead, point-like prestress is applied with type according to large thin-wall metal works curve form, to point-like stress point homogeneous heating in welding process and postwelding 30min, effectively can control welding deformation, realize precision welding, solve the problem of large thin-wall metal works welding deformation; Realize the precise treatment welding of large thin-wall workpiece, rate of reducing the number of rejects and seconds; Improve manufacture level.
Adopt the method applying point-like prestress and large thin-wall metal works is welded, comprise the following steps:
Step one: at λ hmm place, welding bead upper and lower both sides 5 from weld seam starting point every 15 λ hmm with the mode prestress of point cantact, prestress point cantact face is circular, its round diameter D=5h, h is stainless steel work-piece thickness of slab, in welding bead head and the tail 4 δ Lmm, prestress is (0.5 δ L-0.3D) λ N, and other has a prestress to be 0.5(δ L-D) λ N, wherein: L is welding bead length, δ is length factor, and λ is the material factor;
Time L=0 ~ 100mm (not containing 100), δ=1;
Time L=100 ~ 1000mm (not containing 1000), δ=0.1;
During L=1000 ~ 1500mm, δ=0.01;
When L is more than 1500mm, carry out segmentation welding, δ determines by above-mentioned requirements with section length;
Titanium alloy λ=0.8;
Stainless steel, carbon steel, iron class λ=1
High temperature alloy λ=1.2;
Aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy λ=1.4;
Step 2: welding, bonding speed controls to 300mm/min;
Step 3: to prestress point homogeneous heating to 50 λ h DEG C while welding;
Step 4: after having welded, keeps above-mentioned prestress and preheat temperature 30min.
When above-mentioned welding manner is laser weld, also need laser spot to raise 4 ~ 8mm after finally completing above-mentioned welding, repair with the sweep speed of 600mm/min again butt welded seam according to the parameter of step 2, all welding complete.
Feature of the present invention is:
One, the present invention will weld and adjust effectively combine with weld stress, be applied in the welding of thin-wall metal workpiece, the stress state free adjustment that can present in welding process according to different curve different parts, reach the effect regulating stress, adopt point-like pressure mode of contacting to earth to apply prestress in butt welded seam position before welding in weld seam sensitizing range, to offset the stress that welding process produces, prevent weld flush; Can ensure that workpiece is in a metastable temperature field all the time to the homogeneous heating of point-like stress point, the seam organization sudden change avoiding the rapid heat cycle in welding process to cause and torsional deformation, effectively improve weld stress, control welding deformation, improve weld fatigue intensity.
Two, the present invention is applicable to the welding of the large-scale plane of all routines and curved surface thin-wall metal workpiece, as titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, stainless steel, high temperature alloy etc.
Three, novel large thin-wall metal workpiece welding procedure proposed by the invention effectively can improve large thin-wall precision metallic workpiece solder yield, improves and manufactures efficiency.
Four, novel large thin-wall metal workpiece precision welding technique proposed by the invention contributes to improving manufacturing industry level, reduce manufacturing industry cost, originally need the thin-wall precise component of casting and machining can be realized by welding, greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle, save manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is prestress frock schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
The step that the inventive method is complete:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the explanation of technical solution of the present invention detailed content.The equipment used in embodiment and auxiliary material are: JJM-1GXY-400B digitally controlled multifunctional laser machine, AVP-500 welding machine, torque spanner, prestress frock, heating tape.
Embodiment one:
Application and base material: aircraft model engine lip, material 0Cr18Ni9, thickness is 1.2mm, welding bead length 1200mm, is large curved surface complex thin-wall workpiece.Former technique is argon arc welding, and post welding distortion is large, cannot effectively assemble, and after adopting laser weld, deflection is 3mm, is not still well positioned to meet assembling.Be below the present embodiment technical process:
1. at 12mm place, welding bead upper and lower both sides from the initial position of weld seam every 18mm with the mode prestress of point cantact, welding bead head and the tail 48mm in prestress be 5.64N(use torque spanner), other have a prestress be 5.4N(use torque spanner);
Accompanying drawing is prestress frock schematic diagram, and in figure, A is point contact type prestress screw rod; B is welding bead; C is that screw rod fixes supporting plate; D pallet stand; E is floor trusses (channel-section steel); F large thin-wall metal works; For G is screwed hole;
2. adopt laser weld, electric current 150A, frequency 18Hz, pulsewidth 6ms, spot width 1.0mm, bonding speed is 300mm/min;
3. while welding, use heating tape by all prestress point homogeneous heatings to 60 DEG C
4., after having welded, above-mentioned prestress and temperature 30min is kept;
5. laser spot raises 8mm, and repair with the sweep speed of 600mm/min again butt welded seam according to the parameter of step 2, all welding complete.
Combination property: adopt the lip deflection of present invention process welding to be only 0.2mm, meet matching requirements completely.
Embodiment two:
Application and base material: stainless steel hood, material 30CrMnSi, thickness is 0.8mm, welding bead length 300mm, is large curved surface complex thin-wall workpiece.Former technique is laser weld, and deflection is 7mm, is not still well positioned to meet assembling.Be below present invention process process:
1. at 4mm place, welding bead upper and lower both sides every 12mm with the mode prestress of point cantact, welding bead head and the tail 120mm in prestress be 14.7N(use torque spanner), other have a prestress be 14.5N(use torque spanner);
2. adopt argon tungsten-arc welding, adopt DC pulse, electric current 80A, voltage 40Hz, argon flow amount 6.4L/min, tungsten electrode diameter 2mm, bonding speed are 300mm/min, and welding wire adopts 70S-6, gage of wire 1.2mm;
3. while welding, use heating tape by all prestress point homogeneous heatings to 40 DEG C
4., after having welded, above-mentioned prestress 30min is kept;
Combination property: adopt the hood deflection of present invention process welding to be only 0.3mm, meet matching requirements completely.
Embodiment three:
Application and base material: aircraft jet pipe, material TC4, thickness is 1.2mm, welding bead length 100mm, is complex thin-wall workpiece.Former technique is argon arc welding, and postwelding weld seam position distortions is large, cannot effectively assemble, and after adopting laser weld, deflection is 2mm.Be below present invention process process:
1. at 4.8mm place, welding bead upper and lower both sides from the initial position of weld seam every 14.4mm with the mode prestress of point cantact, in welding bead head and the tail 40mm, prestress is that 3.7N(uses torque spanner), other has a prestress to be that 3.5N(uses torque spanner);
2. adopt laser weld, electric current 160A, frequency 16Hz, pulsewidth 6ms, spot width 1.2mm, bonding speed is 300mm/min;
3. while welding, use heating tape by all prestress point homogeneous heatings to 48 DEG C
4., after having welded, above-mentioned prestress and temperature 30min is kept;
5. laser spot raises 6mm, and repair with the sweep speed of 600mm/min again butt welded seam according to the parameter of step 2, all welding complete.
Combination property: adopt the jet pipe of present invention process welding without distortion, meet matching requirements.
Claims (2)
1. adopt the method applying point-like prestress and large thin-wall metal works is welded, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one: at the λ hmm place, both sides 5 of welding bead top and bottom from weld seam starting point every 15 λ hmm with the mode prestress of point cantact, prestress point cantact face is circular, its round diameter D=5h, h is stainless steel work-piece thickness of slab, in welding bead head and the tail 4 δ Lmm, prestress is (0.5 δ L-0.3D) λ N, and other has a prestress to be 0.5 (δ L-D) λ N, wherein: L is welding bead length, δ is length factor, and λ is the material factor;
During 0≤L < 100mm, δ=1;
During 100≤L < 1000mm, δ=0.1;
During 1000≤L < 1500mm, δ=0.01;
When L is more than 1500mm, carry out segmentation welding, δ determines by above-mentioned requirements with section length;
Titanium alloy λ=0.8;
Stainless steel, carbon steel, iron class λ=1;
High temperature alloy λ=1.2;
Aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy λ=1.4;
Step 2: welding, bonding speed controls to 300mm/min;
Step 3: to prestress point homogeneous heating to 50 λ h DEG C while welding;
Step 4: after having welded, keeps above-mentioned prestress and preheat temperature 30min.
2. the method adopting the prestress of applying point-like to weld large thin-wall metal works according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when welding manner is laser weld, laser spot is also needed to raise 4 ~ 8mm after finally completing welding, repair with the sweep speed of 600mm/min again butt welded seam according to the parameter of step 2, all welding complete.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310643370.2A CN103600168B (en) | 2013-11-30 | 2013-11-30 | Method for welding large thin-walled metal workpiece by exerting dotted prestress |
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| CN201310643370.2A CN103600168B (en) | 2013-11-30 | 2013-11-30 | Method for welding large thin-walled metal workpiece by exerting dotted prestress |
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| CN103600168A CN103600168A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
| CN103600168B true CN103600168B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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| CN108340053B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2021-06-01 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Low-temperature thermal leveling process for tungsten electrode argon arc welding |
| CN112453777A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 佛山宇仁智能科技有限公司 | Build-up welding method for balancing internal stress of accumulation layer and internal stress balancing device |
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| DE3243761A1 (en) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-05-30 | Hoesch Werke Ag, 4600 Dortmund | Method and device for producing a welded section, in particular a T-section |
| CN101357426A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2009-02-04 | 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Vehicle-body welding process |
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