CN103595246B - A kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter and control method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103595246B
CN103595246B CN201310549320.8A CN201310549320A CN103595246B CN 103595246 B CN103595246 B CN 103595246B CN 201310549320 A CN201310549320 A CN 201310549320A CN 103595246 B CN103595246 B CN 103595246B
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switching tube
phase
voltage
brachium pontis
level
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CN103595246A (en
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刘福鑫
张吾杨
阮新波
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, including three level clamping unit, three phase full bridge unit, described three level clamping unit and three phase full bridge unit nested encryptions, this changer adopts three-phase tri-level structure, can effectively reduce switch tube voltage electric current quota, be suitable for high-power occasion.The invention also discloses the control method of a kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, including dropping voltage and two kinds of mode of operations of full voltage, under two kinds of mode of operations, three phase full bridge unit all can adopt symmetrical control mode and asymmetric control mode, output inductor can be effectively reduced under wide scope input, reduce secondary rectifier tube voltage stress.Three level clamping cell operation are at low frequency state, and for hard switching, three phase full bridge cell operation is at high frequency state, and switching tube can realize ZVT, and switching loss is little, and changer has high efficiency.

Description

A kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter and control method thereof
Technical field
The bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter of the present invention and control method thereof, belong to the DC converter of electrical energy changer.
Background technology
Along with Power Electronic Technique development, the energy-efficient mainstream demand direction becoming current power system.Convert occasion at high power DC, in order to improve the universality of power-supply system or adapt to the wide fluctuations of electrical network, generally require power-supply system and be also satisfied Width funtion excursion requirement, thus bring great challenge to power system design.For electric automobile station charging system, just input, up-to-date SAEJ1772-2009 standard provides two kinds of input power supply systems: Alternating Current Power Supply and direct current supply.Direct current supply standard is divided into three kinds of grades, and wherein DC level 3 input voltage range is 200V~600V, and following maximum input voltage is likely to be promoted to thousands of volt, and it is even higher that maximum process power is up to 240kW.Just output, State Grid Corporation of China is unified domestic charging system electric pressure, determine and adapt to all kinds of charging electric vehicle requirement by three kinds of DC voltages, i.e. 350V, 500V and 700V, for improving charging system universality, its output following need to cover each electric pressure, and this just requires that station charging system should have Width funtion output characteristics.The power-supply system with similar feature also has the auxiliary direct current origin system in the electrical systems such as boats and ships, high-speed electrified line and urban track traffic, as in urban rail transit vehicles, it is that vehicle-mounted accessory power supply is powered that pantagraph current collector receives direct current energy from overhead contact line or the 3rd rail, its power supply grid has 750V direct current and two kinds of systems of 1500V direct current, the former allows voltage change range to be 500~900V, and the latter allows voltage change range to be 1000~1800V;Employing 850~1250V the direct current in ship power supply system there being supply voltage, the DC bus-bar voltage in high-speed electrified line is especially up to 2160~2600V.To sum up, in order to improve universality and the Universal electric performance of supply unit, above-mentioned power-supply system need to meet many rigors such as high-power output, high input/output voltage and wide input/output voltage.
Three-level converter can reduce the voltage stress of switching tube by increasing the quantity of switching tube, so as to be applicable to high input voltage occasion.Half-bridge three-level converter is one of isolated form three-level converter of proposing the earliest, the advantages such as circuit structure is simple, can realize Sofe Switch, switching frequency is constant that it has, thus is used widely.But along with the raising of output, the current stress of switching tube is consequently increased.For reducing the current stress of switching tube, multiple device or wired in parallel can be adopted, but also there is the problem such as thermal design difficulty, control circuit complexity simultaneously.For solving this problem, scholar is had to propose three-phase tri-level DC converter topology, effectively reduce the voltage x current stress of switching tube, suitable in high-power applications occasion, but changer is difficult to optimize design under wide input voltage occasion, Simultaneous Switching pipe and number of diodes are many, and transformer configuration is complex.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: provides a kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, solves the problem that transformer configuration is complicated.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem, adopt the following technical scheme that
A kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, including three level clamping unit, three phase full bridge unit, described three level clamping unit include the first derided capacitors, the second derided capacitors, striding capacitance, the 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube, the first fly-wheel diode, the second fly-wheel diode, and described first derided capacitors, the second derided capacitors, striding capacitance include the first end, the second end respectively;Wherein, the input of described 7th switching tube and the first end of the first derided capacitors connect, and the outfan of the 7th switching tube is connected formation node M respectively with the first end of the negative electrode of the first fly-wheel diode, striding capacitance;The anode of described first fly-wheel diode respectively with the second end of the first derided capacitors, the first end of the second derided capacitors, the second fly-wheel diode negative electrode be connected;Second end of described striding capacitance is connected formation node N respectively with the input of the anode of the second fly-wheel diode, the 8th switching tube;Second end of described second derided capacitors and the outfan of the 8th switching tube connect;Described three phase full bridge unit includes three-phase brachium pontis, three-phase isolation transformer, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, described three-phase brachium pontis includes A phase brachium pontis, B phase brachium pontis, C phase brachium pontis, described A phase brachium pontis includes the first switching tube, the 4th switching tube, B phase brachium pontis includes the 3rd switching tube, the 6th switching tube, and C phase brachium pontis includes second switch pipe, the 5th switching tube.
The problem narrow in order to solve existing changer input voltage range further, the present invention also provides for the control method of a kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of control method of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, including dropping voltage and two kinds of mode of operations of full voltage,
(1) changer is operated in and drops voltage mode, control described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube mutual symmetry conducting, control three phase full bridge cell operation in symmetrical control mode or asymmetric control mode, wherein symmetrical control mode is: controls the first to the 6th switching tube and sequentially turns on, each switching tube ON time is all equal, ON time is separated by 1/6 switch periods, and the change in duty cycle of each switching tube conducting ranges for 1/6~1/3;Asymmetric control mode is: the first switching tube, the 3rd switching tube, the 5th switching tube sequentially turn on, ON time is separated by 1/3 switch periods, first switching tube and the 4th switching tube complementation conducting, the 3rd switching tube and the 6th switching tube complementation conducting, the 5th switching tube and second switch pipe complementation conducting, on same brachium pontis, two switching tubes drive free interval between signal;
(2) changer is operated in full voltage pattern, control described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube simultaneously turns on, control three phase full bridge cell operation in symmetrical control mode or asymmetric control mode, wherein symmetrical control mode is: controls the first to the 6th switching tube and sequentially turns on, each switching tube ON time is all equal, ON time is separated by 1/6 switch periods, and the change in duty cycle of each switching tube conducting ranges for 1/6~1/3;Asymmetric control mode is: the first switching tube, the 3rd switching tube, the 5th switching tube sequentially turn on, ON time is separated by 1/3 switch periods, first switching tube and the 4th switching tube complementation conducting, the 3rd switching tube and the 6th switching tube complementation conducting, the 5th switching tube and second switch pipe complementation conducting, on same brachium pontis, two switching tubes drive free interval between signal.
Described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube are operated in low frequency state, and the first to the 6th switching tube is operated in high frequency state
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
(1) the bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter of the present invention, compares with existing three-phase tri-level changer, and the quantity of switching tube and diode is few, and circuit structure is simple.
(2) adopt three-phase structure, can effectively reduce switching tube electric current quota, it is adaptable to large-power occasions;Output ripple current frequency is three times (or 1.5 times) of traditional single phase changer, can effectively reduce output filter.
(3) control method of the present invention has two kinds of mode of operations, namely drops voltage mode and full voltage pattern, controls changer and is operated in different mode, it is possible to reduce the equivalent excursion of input voltage, optimize transducer performance under different input voltages.
(4) this changer is operated in and drops the voltage stress of all switching tubes under voltage mode and be the half of input voltage, it is adaptable to high input voltage occasion.
(5) adopting bi-frequency control to make three level clamping unit switch pipes be operated in low frequency state, make three phase full bridge unit switch pipe be operated in high frequency state, converter switches loss is little, and changer has high efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the control sequential chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) drops voltage mode positive half period equivalent operation modal graph for the present invention.
Fig. 3 (b) drops voltage mode negative half-cycle equivalent operation modal graph for the present invention.
Fig. 3 (c) is full voltage mode equivalent operation mode figure.
Fig. 4 (a) is switch tube voltage stress V of the present inventionSRWith switching point voltage curve figure.
Fig. 4 (b) is secondary rectifier tube voltage stress V of the present inventionDRWith switching point voltage curve figure.
Fig. 4 (c) is filter inductance L of the present inventionfWith switching point voltage curve figure.
Fig. 5 (a) is switch tube voltage stress V of the present inventionSRWith input voltage graph of relation.
Fig. 5 (b) is secondary rectifier tube voltage stress V of the present inventionDRWith input voltage graph of relation.
Fig. 5 (c) is filter inductance L of the present inventionfWith input voltage graph of relation.
Experimental waveform when Fig. 6 (a) is 200V for input voltage of the present invention.
Experimental waveform when Fig. 6 (b) is 300V for input voltage of the present invention.
Experimental waveform when Fig. 6 (c) is 600V for input voltage of the present invention.
Wherein, the V in accompanying drawingin-boundFor switching point voltage, VinFor input voltage, t is the time.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail:
As it is shown in figure 1, bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, including three level clamping unit 1, three phase full bridge unit 2;Wherein three level clamping unit include derided capacitors Cd1With derided capacitors Cd2, switching tube QAWith switching tube QB, sustained diodef1And sustained diodef2And striding capacitance Css, described derided capacitors Cd1, derided capacitors Cd2, striding capacitance CssInclude the first end, the second end respectively;Wherein, described switching tube QAInput and derided capacitors Cd1First end connect, switching tube QAOutfan respectively with sustained diodef1Negative electrode, striding capacitance CssFirst end connect formed node M;Described sustained diodef1Anode respectively with derided capacitors Cd1The second end, derided capacitors Cd2The first end, sustained diodef2Negative electrode connect;Described striding capacitance CssThe second end respectively with sustained diodef2Anode, switching tube QBInput connect formed node N;Described derided capacitors Cd2The second end and switching tube QBOutfan connect;Described three phase full bridge unit includes three-phase brachium pontis, three-phase isolation transformer, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, and described three-phase brachium pontis includes A phase brachium pontis, B phase brachium pontis, C phase brachium pontis, and described A phase brachium pontis includes switching tube Q1, switching tube Q4, B phase brachium pontis includes switching tube Q3, switching tube Q6, C phase brachium pontis includes switching tube Q2, switching tube Q5
Derided capacitors Cd1With derided capacitors Cd2Capacity is very big and equal, and its voltage is input voltage VinHalf, i.e. Vcd1=Vcd2=Vin/ 2, can regard voltage as is VinThe voltage source of/2.
The primary side winding of three-phase transformer adopts triangle connected mode, and vice-side winding adopts Y-connection mode, and in addition, transformator may be used without triangle/triangle, star/delta, star/Y-connection mode.Secondary adopts three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, DR1~DR6It is secondary commutation diode, LfIt is output inductor, CfIt is output filter capacitor, RLdIt it is load.
The control sequential chart of the concrete control method of the present invention as in figure 2 it is shown, include dropping voltage and two kinds of mode of operations of full voltage,
(1) when input voltage is higher, Q is madeA、QBMutual symmetry turns on, now three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMN=Vin/ 2, all switch tube voltage stress are the half of input voltage, are defined as changer and are operated in and drop voltage mode, shown in equivalent circuit diagram such as Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b), and Fig. 3 (a) breaker in middle pipe QAConducting, electric current flows through switching tube QA, three phase full bridge unit and sustained diodef2, now derided capacitors Cd1Energy is provided;Fig. 3 (b) breaker in middle pipe QBConducting, electric current flows through switching tube QB, three phase full bridge unit and sustained diodef1, now derided capacitors Cd2Energy is provided.Due to switching tube QA, switching tube QBON time is identical, and therefore two derided capacitors are all pressed.
(2) when input voltage is relatively low, Q is madeA、QBConstantly on, now vMN=Vin, switching tube Q1~Q6Voltage stress be input voltage, definition changer be operated in full voltage pattern, as shown in Figure 3 (c), electric current flows through input power, Q to its equivalent circuit diagramA, three phase full bridge unit and QB, its operation principle is identical with three-phase full bridge converters.
This changer is operated in and drops under voltage or full voltage pattern, and three phase full bridge unit all can adopt symmetrical control or asymmetric control, and wherein symmetrical control mode is: each switching tube ON time is all equal, and the switching tube Q that sequence number is adjacent1~Q6Sequentially turning on, ON time is separated by 1/6 switch periods, and the change in duty cycle of switching tube ranges for 1/6~1/3, and under this control mode, the switching tube of three phase full bridge unit is hard switching.
Asymmetric control mode is: A, B, C three-phase brachium pontis breaker in middle pipe Q1、Q3、Q5Dutycycle is identical and each interval 1/3rd cycle is open-minded, two switching tube complementations conductings of every phase brachium pontis, and on same brachium pontis, two switching tubes drive free interval between signals;Thus can realize the ZVT of this unit switch pipe.
For improving transducer effciency, the preferred asymmetric control mode of three phase full bridge unit, due to switching tube QAWith QBEffect only be realize input equalizing capacitance electric voltage equalization, other parameters of its switching frequency and changer are unrelated, in order to reduce its switching loss, it can be allowed to be operated in low frequency state, switching tube in three phase full bridge unit is then operated in high frequency state, and what therefore this changer essence adopted is bi-frequency control mode.
Switching point voltage V between two kinds of mode of operationsin,boundDetermine three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNScope, directly affects the size of switching tube, secondary rectifier tube voltage stress and filter inductance, therefore switching point voltage is the key of this converter design.The selection of switching point voltage is introduced below for design parameter.Transducer parameters index is as follows, input voltage Vin: 200V~600V, output voltage: Vo=48V, full-load current: Io=20A, inductive current pulsation: Δ iLf_max=4A, three phase full bridge unit switch frequency fs=50kHz, maximum duty cycle loses Dloss_max=0.15.If the switching point voltage of two kinds of mode of operations is Vin,bound, as 200V≤Vin≤Vin,boundTime, changer is operated in full voltage pattern;Work as Vin,bound≤VinDuring≤600V, changer is operated in and drops voltage mode.According to final gained three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNThe difference of excursion, by switching point voltage Vin,boundIt is divided into following three region:
If i) 200V≤Vin,bound≤ 300V, three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNExcursion is Vin,bound/2≤Vin≤300V;
Ii) if 300V≤Vin,bound≤ 400V, three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNExcursion is Vin,bound/2≤Vin≤Vin,bound
Iii) if 400V≤Vin,bound≤ 600V, three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNExcursion is 200V≤Vin≤Vin,bound
By three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNMinima determines transformer turns ratio KTr, three phase full bridge unit input voltage vMNMaximum determines required filter inductance Lf, switch tube voltage stress V can be tried to achieveSR, rectifier tube voltage stress VDRAnd filter inductance LfAbout Vin,boundExpression formula, shown in the curve obtained accordingly such as Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 4 (c), when taking switching point voltage Vin,boundDuring=300V, switching tube is minimum with rectifier tube voltage stress, and required filter inductance is also minimum.
In order to further illustrate the changer of the present invention advantage when wide input voltage range, it is contrasted with half-bridge three-level converter and three-phase full bridge converters, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b), Fig. 5 (c), by switching point voltage design when 300V, Combined three phase three-level converter of the present invention is all optimum in switch tube voltage stress, rectifier tube voltage stress, filter inductance etc..
When actual parameter designs, first according to the impact on changer parameters of the input voltage range Integrated comparative switching point voltage, and then a rational switching point magnitude of voltage should be selected.
Example of the present invention is as follows: input direct voltage: Vin=200~600V;Output DC voltage: Vo=48V;Output electric current: Io=20A;The former secondary no-load voltage ratio of three-phase transformer: KTr=5;Output inductor: Lf=45uF;Switching tube (Q1-Q6) model is: IPW65R080CFD;Fly-wheel diode (Df1、Df2) model is: DSEI30-06A;Secondary commutation diode (DR1-DR6) model is: STPS60SM200C;QA、QBSwitching frequency: fs1=12.5kHz;Three phase full bridge unit switch frequency: fs2=50kHz。
Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b), Fig. 6 (c) sets forth voltage v between 200V, 300V and 600V input, full load brachium pontis midpointAB, secondary commutating voltage vrectAnd filter inductance electric current iLfWaveform, voltage v between Fig. 6 (a) bridge arm midpointABHigh level amplitude is input voltage, illustrates that changer is operated in full voltage pattern when 200V inputs;Voltage v between Fig. 6 (b), Fig. 6 (c) brachium pontis midpointABHigh level amplitude is the half of input voltage, illustrates that when 300V, 600V input changer is operated in and drops voltage mode, and wherein during 300V input, filter inductance pulsation of current is minimum, tests consistent with theory analysis.
As seen from the above description, the bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter that the present invention proposes has the advantage that
1., compared with existing three-phase tri-level DC converter, switching tube quantity reduces, and circuit structure is simple;
2. during high pressure, switch tube voltage stress is input voltage half, is suitable for high input voltage occasion;
3. adopt three-phase structure, can effectively reduce switching tube current stress, be suitable for large-power occasions;
4. adopting bi-frequency control to make three level clamping unit switch pipes be operated in low frequency state, switching loss is little;
Having two kinds of mode of operations, when wide scope input, select suitable switching point voltage, changer can obtain optimal performance.

Claims (2)

1. the control method of a bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter, described bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter includes three level clamping unit, three phase full bridge unit, described three level clamping unit include the first derided capacitors, the second derided capacitors, striding capacitance, the 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube, the first fly-wheel diode, the second fly-wheel diode, and described first derided capacitors, the second derided capacitors, striding capacitance include the first end, the second end respectively;Wherein, the input of described 7th switching tube and the first end of the first derided capacitors connect, and the outfan of the 7th switching tube is connected formation node M respectively with the first end of the negative electrode of the first fly-wheel diode, striding capacitance;The anode of described first fly-wheel diode respectively with the second end of the first derided capacitors, the first end of the second derided capacitors, the second fly-wheel diode negative electrode be connected;Second end of described striding capacitance is connected formation node N respectively with the input of the anode of the second fly-wheel diode, the 8th switching tube;Second end of described second derided capacitors and the outfan of the 8th switching tube connect;Described three phase full bridge unit includes three-phase brachium pontis, three-phase isolation transformer, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, described three-phase brachium pontis includes A phase brachium pontis, B phase brachium pontis, C phase brachium pontis, described A phase brachium pontis includes the first switching tube, 4th switching tube, B phase brachium pontis includes the 3rd switching tube, 6th switching tube, C phase brachium pontis includes second switch pipe, 5th switching tube, described first switching tube, 3rd switching tube and the 5th switching tube respectively A, B, the upper switching tube of C phase brachium pontis, 4th switching tube, 6th switching tube and second switch pipe respectively A, B, the lower switching tube of C phase brachium pontis, it is characterized in that: described control method includes dropping voltage and two kinds of mode of operations of full voltage,
(1) changer is operated in and drops voltage mode, control described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube mutual symmetry conducting, control three phase full bridge cell operation in symmetrical control mode or asymmetric control mode, wherein symmetrical control mode is: controls the first to the 6th switching tube and sequentially turns on, each switching tube ON time is all equal, ON time is separated by 1/6 switch periods, and the change in duty cycle of each switching tube conducting ranges for 1/6 ~ 1/3;Asymmetric control mode is: the first switching tube, the 3rd switching tube, the 5th switching tube sequentially turn on, ON time is separated by 1/3 switch periods, first switching tube and the 4th switching tube complementation conducting, the 3rd switching tube and the 6th switching tube complementation conducting, the 5th switching tube and second switch pipe complementation conducting, on same brachium pontis, two switching tubes drive free interval between signal;
(2) changer is operated in full voltage pattern, control described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube simultaneously turns on, control three phase full bridge cell operation in symmetrical control mode or asymmetric control mode, wherein symmetrical control mode is: controls the first to the 6th switching tube and sequentially turns on, each switching tube ON time is all equal, ON time is separated by 1/6 switch periods, and the change in duty cycle of each switching tube conducting ranges for 1/6 ~ 1/3;Asymmetric control mode is: the first switching tube, the 3rd switching tube, the 5th switching tube sequentially turn on, ON time is separated by 1/3 switch periods, first switching tube and the 4th switching tube complementation conducting, the 3rd switching tube and the 6th switching tube complementation conducting, the 5th switching tube and second switch pipe complementation conducting, on same brachium pontis, two switching tubes drive free interval between signal.
2. the control method of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described 7th switching tube, the 8th switching tube are operated in low frequency state, and the first to the 6th switching tube is operated in high frequency state.
CN201310549320.8A 2013-11-07 2013-11-07 A kind of bi-frequency control Combined three phase three-level DC converter and control method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103595246B (en)

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