CN103592961B - The kerosene oil flow control device of Supersonic combustion tests - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of kerosene oil flow control device of Supersonic combustion tests, comprise: control module, flowmeter, supersonic speed combustion chamber, kerosene conveying pipe, flow control valve and regulon, described flowmeter detects the kerosene oil flow of the cooling conduit that inputs to supersonic speed combustion chamber in real time, and kerosene oil flow information is sent to described control module; Described control module, according to the kerosene oil flow information receiving, by regulon control flow control valve, regulates the flow of the kerosene that inputs to described supersonic speed combustion chamber burning. The present invention can make real-time adjusting to the continuous variation of the flow of the cooling kerosene in the Supersonic combustion tests of employing kerosene active cooling, make in long Supersonic combustion tests, the flow of kerosene remains stable, so just can ensure that the bulk temperature of supersonic speed combustion chamber, in a safe range, avoids causing danger.

Description

The kerosene oil flow control device of Supersonic combustion tests

Technical field

The present invention relates to Supersonic combustion tests field, particularly a kind of kerosene active cooling of being applied toThe kerosene oil flow control device of Supersonic combustion tests.

Background technology

In Supersonic combustion tests, need various gas and liquid (mainly contain air, hydrogen, oxygen,Nitrogen, ethene, aviation kerosine etc.) carry with certain flow proportional and accurately arrive burning by pipelineThe time of chamber completes the process of igniting, burning and acting. In experiment, normally hydrogen and oxygen are firstConverge igniting, produce a high temperature (temperature is greater than 1200 degrees Celsius), high pressure (pressure is higher than 1MPa)Gas, the gas of this high temperature, high pressure produces supersonic flow (horse through Laval nozzle againConspicuous number is greater than 2), then supersonic flow enters combustion chamber, and in combustion chamber, spray enters kerosene, carries outIgniting, burning, the roughly process of Supersonic combustion tests that Here it is.

In this process, after the kerosene ignition in combustion chamber the stagnation temperature of air-flow can arrive 2500 DEG C withOn. Under such hot conditions, must carry out cooling to the member of composition combustion chamber. At present best is coldBut mode is that to adopt the hydrocarbon fuel (be generally high heat sink aviation kerosine) carrying to carry out cooling, makesChamber temperature reduces, fuel temperature raises, then high-temperature fuel is sprayed into combustion chamber burns, and formsA closed loop procedure, the efficiency of combustion of high-temperature fuel will be far above normal temperature fuel. Here it is adopts kerosene to closeThe supersonic combustion of ring active cooling. The advantage of doing is like this need not carry it in aircraft flight processHis cooling agent, passes through closed loop active cooling, and has protected the safe operation of supersonic speed combustion chamber, alsoCan effectively improve the efficiency of combustion of fuel.

As shown in Figure 1, be the schematic diagram of the closed loop supersonic speed combustion chamber of kerosene active cooling, can from figureTo find out, cooling kerosene is divided into 4 tunnels to carry out after cooling converging to together to 4 combustion chamber panels respectively again,Spray enters combustion chamber and burns.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is exactly, in the cooling structure of above-mentioned combustion chamber owing to there is no flow controlSystem or adjusting device, and may cause kerosene temperature to rise gradually, density reduces, pressure raises, flowReduce, cause the amount of cooling water of burning to reduce, chamber temperature raises, and the problem of easily causing danger, carriesThe kerosene oil flow control device that goes out a kind of Supersonic combustion tests that is applied to kerosene active cooling, makes to surpassIt is stable that the flow of the cooling kerosene in velocity of sound combustion test keeps.

In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of kerosene oil flow control dress of Supersonic combustion testsPut, comprising: control module, flowmeter, supersonic speed combustion chamber, kerosene conveying pipe, flow control valveAnd regulon, wherein, described control module is connected with regulon with described flowmeter respectively, described inRegulon is connected with described flow control valve, and described flowmeter and flow control valve are all positioned at kerosene and transportOn pipeline; Described supersonic speed combustion chamber is connected with described kerosene conveying pipe;

Described flowmeter detects the kerosene oil flow of the cooling conduit that inputs to supersonic speed combustion chamber in real time, and willKerosene oil flow information is sent to described control module; Described control module is according to the kerosene oil flow letter receivingBreath, by regulon control flow control valve, regulates the coal that inputs to described supersonic speed combustion chamber burningThe flow of oil.

Preferably, described regulon comprises connected successively electric machine controller, motor and shaft coupling, itsIn, described electric machine controller is connected with described control module, described shaft coupling and described flow control valveValve rod is connected; Described electric machine controller, according to the control of described control module, regulates the running of described motorDirection and rotating speed; Described motor drives described flow control valve to carry out friction speed by described shaft couplingSwitching manipulation.

Preferably, in the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe reduces, described control module monitorsThe kerosene oil flow signal of flowmeter reduces, and carries out valve by regulon control flow control valve and opens greatlyOperation;

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe increases, the flowmeter that described control module monitorsKerosene oil flow signal increases, and carries out by regulon control flow control valve the operation that valve turns down.

Preferably, in the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe reduces, described control module is by regulatingUnit controls flow control valve carries out valve and opens large operation, and the large speed of opening of valve unit are equals coalThe density of oil reduces speed, makes kerosene oil flow by opening large valve and increasing equal kerosene density and reduces to makeThe kerosene oil flow loss becoming, thus the kerosene oil flow in retentive control process is constant;

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe increases, described control module is by regulon controlFlow control valve carries out the operation that valve turns down, and the speed that turns down of valve unit are equals kerosene densityPush the speed, make the kerosene oil flow reducing by pass minor valve equal the kerosene that the increase of kerosene density causesFlow increases, thereby the kerosene oil flow in retentive control process is constant.

The present invention can be to the stream of the cooling kerosene in the Supersonic combustion tests of employing kerosene active coolingReal-time adjusting is made in the continuous variation of amount, makes in long Supersonic combustion tests the stream of keroseneAmount remains stable, so just can ensure that the bulk temperature of supersonic speed combustion chamber is a safe rangeIn, avoid causing danger.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the supersonic speed combustion chamber schematic diagram that prior art adopts closed loop active cooling;

Fig. 2 is venturi flow schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the representative temperature rising curve that does not adopt flow-control;

Fig. 4 is the exemplary traffic decline curve that does not adopt flow-control;

Fig. 5 is the kerosene oil flow control device schematic diagram of the Supersonic combustion tests of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the kerosene oil flow control device signal of the Supersonic combustion tests of application example example of the present inventionFigure;

Fig. 7 adds control device and the flow curve pair that does not add control device in Supersonic combustion testsThan figure.

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter in connection with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated. It should be noted that,In the situation of not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can be combined mutually.

In the closed loop Supersonic combustion tests of employing kerosene active cooling, cooling oil path moves in combustion chamberIn process, along with the continuous rising of oil temperature, kerosene density declines, and oil pressure raises, and can make kerosene oil flowDecline. Like this in several cooling ducts in parallel, if a certain road binders temperature takes the lead in starting rising, pressureIncrease, flow declines, and can make rest channels flow increase, and further flow decline can make this logicalRoad is cooling insufficient, and oil temperature further raises, and flow further declines, and forms a positive feedback system,Thereby cause this cooling surface plate current amount too low and burnt.

In service in Supersonic combustion tests, in order to ensure that the hot coal oil after cooling end enters burning in sprayWhile burning in chamber, there is larger penetration depth, need injection pressure larger. Larger in order to obtain oneInjection pressure, need to install a Lavalle supersonic nozzle flowmeter at the end of cooling duct, producesThe effect of a venturi throttling, thus improve injection pressure, jet pipe in the position of cooling duct as Fig. 1 instituteShow. Adopting jet pipe to also have a benefit is exactly to improve the pressure of kerosene in cooling duct, avoids keroseneHypotony and become gaseous state and cause cooling effect variation.

For " venturi " in kerosene cooling duct---sonic nozzle flowmeter is analyzed, as Fig. 2Shown in, kerosene oil flow is

Q＝ρuA(1)

Above-mentioned parameter is venturi parameter.

In experimentation, being changed to of flow

$\frac{1}{Q}\frac{dQ}{dt}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ρ}}\frac{d\mathrm{\ρ}}{dt}+\frac{1}{u}\frac{du}{dt}+\frac{1}{A}\frac{dA}{dt}---\left(2\right)$

Test in servicely, throat area is constant,

$\frac{dA}{dt}=0---\left(3\right)$

For sonic nozzle flowmeter, flow velocity is decided by the pressure reduction of upstream and downstream substantially. Upstream and downstream in experimentPressure reduction also substantially keep constant, therefore flow velocity also remains unchanged,

$\frac{du}{dt}=0---\left(4\right)$

In experiment, along with the carrying out of experiment, kerosene temperature raises, and density is reduced,

$\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}<0---\left(5\right)$

Therefore can draw, in experimentation, kerosene temperature raises, and flow reduces,

$\frac{dQ}{dt}<0---\left(6\right)$

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 for combustion chamber upper panel in typical experiment do not adopt flow-control timeTemperature and the change curve of flow, as can be seen from the figure, As time goes on, kerosene temperature existsRaise rapidly, promotion is to more than 400 degrees Celsius, and flow drops to from the 80g/s starting mostBelow 40g/s.

The reducing of kerosene oil flow reduces the amount of cooling water of combustion chamber, and chamber temperature raises, kerosene temperatureFurther raise, cause reducing again of kerosene oil flow, will form like this positive feedback, finally causeToo high and the dangerous situation that burns of chamber temperature.

According to analysis above, in order to regulate ducted kerosene oil flow, must be to pipelineIn throat area or diameter regulate. Therefore, made original Laval nozzle into one hereFlow control valve, can play the venturi effect of an adjustable throat area, then for this control valve,Develop a system, formed a set of kerosene oil flow control device that is applied to Supersonic combustion tests.

As shown in Figure 5, be the schematic diagram of kerosene oil flow control device, wherein, comprising: control module,Flowmeter, supersonic speed combustion chamber, kerosene conveying pipe, flow control valve and regulon, wherein, instituteState control module and be connected with regulon with described flowmeter respectively, described regulon and described flow are adjustedJoint valve is connected, and described flowmeter and flow control valve are all positioned on kerosene conveying pipe; Described ultrasonic quick burningBurning chamber is connected with described kerosene conveying pipe; Flowmeter detects and inputs to the cooling of supersonic speed combustion chamber in real timeThe kerosene oil flow of conduit, and kerosene oil flow information is sent to described control module; Control module is according to connecingThe kerosene oil flow information of receiving, by regulon control flow control valve, adjusting inputs to described ultrasonicThe flow of the kerosene of speed combustion chambers burn.

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe reduces, the flowmeter that described control module monitorsKerosene oil flow signal reduces, and carries out valve by regulon control flow control valve and opens large operation;

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe increases, the flowmeter that described control module monitorsKerosene oil flow signal increases, and carries out by regulon control flow control valve the operation that valve turns down.

As shown in Figure 6, be the schematic diagram of kerosene oil flow control device application example, wherein, control moduleFor controlling computer 11, regulon comprises connected successively electric machine controller 9, motor 7 and shaft coupling 6.Flow control valve is high temperature flow regulation valve 5. Kerosene 1, after kerosene conveying pipe 2 transports, passes throughFlowmeter 3 obtains a flow signal, and this signal enters and controls computer 11 through signal transmission line 10,The flow of detection kerosene that just can be real-time from controlling computer. Kerosene continues through supersonic speed combustion chamber 4Cooling conduit, supersonic speed combustion chamber 4 is carried out cooling, from supersonic speed combustion chamber 4 kerosene out justBe high temperature kerosene, then through a high temperature flow regulation valve 5, high temperature flow regulation valve 5 is mainly used in adjustingAmount of restriction and pressure. From high temperature flow regulation valve 5 out after, kerosene again spray enters supersonic speed combustion chamber4 carry out ignition, and kerosene has just formed the combustion process of a closed loop like this. High temperature flow regulation valve5 valve rod is connected with a motor 7 by a shaft coupling 6, passes through like this rotation of motor 7 with regard to energyEnough drive high temperature flow regulation valve 5 to carry out switching manipulation. Motor 7 is that the control line 8 passing through is connected to oneIndividual electric machine controller 9 carries out work, the control letter that electric machine controller 9 provides by controlling computer 10Number, can carry out the rotation of rotating and speed governing by operating electrical machines 7, thereby high temperature flow regulation valve 5 is enteredThe switching manipulation of row friction speed.

After having increased flow control valve 5, throat area just can regulate. Flow now can carry outFollowing analysis.

In order to make flow keep constant, have

$\frac{dQ}{dt}=0---\left(7\right)$

To the differentiate respectively of three parameters, have

$\frac{1}{A}\frac{dA}{dt}=-(\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}+\frac{1}{u}\frac{du}{dt})---\left(8\right)$

The variable quantity of ignoring speed, has

$\frac{1}{A}\frac{dA}{dt}=-\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}>0---\left(9\right)$

Can find out, the rate of change of area equals the function of the rate of change of density and the rate of change of flow velocity, larynxRoad area can obtain by the rotation of valve,

dA＝vdt(10)

In above formula, the rotating speed that v is motor, definition motor forward is v>0, motor reversal is v<0, thatAbove formula can be write as

$\frac{1}{A}v=-\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}---\left(11\right)$

When kerosene temperature raises, density reduces, and flow reduces,

$\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}<0---\left(12\right)$

Now

$v=-\frac{A}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}\frac{d\mathrm{\&rho;}}{dt}>0---\left(13\right)$

Be motor forward, valve is opened greatly. Otherwise when kerosene temperature reduces, density increases, flow increasesTime, need valve to open greatly.

Therefore, in the Supersonic combustion tests of employing kerosene active cooling, the control device of kerosene oil flowThe course of work be:

Test in servicely, kerosene carries out cooling to combustion chamber wall surface, and in the time that kerosene temperature raises, kerosene is closeDegree reduces, and the kerosene oil flow in passage reduces, and kerosene oil flow meter 3 reduces signal by this flow and passes to controlComputer 11 processed, controls computer and enters 11 through computings, need to control motor unit are open large valveRotating speed equal the speed that reduces of kerosene density, computer is assigned this result of calculation to electric machine controller 9Instruction, makes motor 7 be with movable valve 5 to open large rotation according to result of calculation, just can increase keroseneFlow, makes the kerosene oil flow by opening large valve increase just in time equal the flow that kerosene density reduces to causeLoss, thus reach the object of controlling stability of flow.

Test in servicely, cooling when excessive when kerosene, kerosene temperature reduces, and kerosene density increases, passageInterior kerosene oil flow increases, and kerosene oil flow meter 3 increases signal by this flow and passes to control computer 11,Control computer 11 through computing, the rotating speed that need to control the pass minor valve of the unit are of motor equals coalGathering way of oil density, computer is assigned instruction by this result of calculation to electric machine controller 9, makes electricityMachine 7 is with movable valve 5 to turn down rotation according to result of calculation, just can reduce kerosene oil flow, makes to lead toThe kerosene oil flow that the minor valve that reaches a standard reduces just in time equals the flow increase that the increase of kerosene density causes, thereby reachesTo the object of controlling stability of flow.

In actual experiment, for the moment keeps controlling accurately to flow, adopt one to control computer10, according to the variation of the signal detection kerosene oil flow of flowmeter 3, in the time that flow reduces, by controlling journeyOrder is controlled motor driver 9, and drive motors 7 drives flow control valve 5 to open the operation of large valve.Otherwise, in the time that flow increases, just close the operation of minor valve.

Be illustrated in figure 7 in the oil cooled Supersonic combustion tests of typical employing coal upper to combustion chamberPortion's coldplate does not use kerosene oil flow control, and the cooling panel in western part is used to kerosene oil flow control, bothFlow contrast can it is evident that next, and the flow of upper plate is declining always, and western plate is owing to having taked streamAmount control, flow all-the-time stable one stably value near. This has proved this cover Supersonic combustion testsMiddle kerosene oil flow control method is successful.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for thisThe technical staff in field, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. All in spirit of the present invention andWithin principle, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included in protection of the present inventionWithin scope.

Claims (3)

1. a kerosene oil flow control device for Supersonic combustion tests, is characterized in that, comprising: controlUnit processed, flowmeter, supersonic speed combustion chamber, kerosene conveying pipe, flow control valve and regulon,Wherein, described control module is connected with regulon with described flowmeter respectively, described regulon and instituteState flow control valve and be connected, described flowmeter and flow control valve are all positioned on kerosene conveying pipe; DescribedSupersonic speed combustion chamber is connected with described kerosene conveying pipe;

Described flowmeter detects the kerosene oil flow of the cooling conduit that inputs to supersonic speed combustion chamber in real time, and willKerosene oil flow information is sent to described control module; Described control module is according to the kerosene oil flow letter receivingBreath, by regulon control flow control valve, regulates the coal that inputs to described supersonic speed combustion chamber burningThe flow of oil;

Described regulon comprises connected successively electric machine controller, motor and shaft coupling, wherein, described inElectric machine controller is connected with described control module, the valve rod phase of described shaft coupling and described flow control valveConnect; Described electric machine controller is according to the control of described control module, regulate described motor rotation direction andRotating speed; Described motor drives described flow control valve to carry out the switch behaviour of friction speed by described shaft couplingDo.

2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe reduces, the flowmeter that described control module monitorsKerosene oil flow signal reduces, and carries out valve by regulon control flow control valve and opens large operation;

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe increases, the flowmeter that described control module monitorsKerosene oil flow signal increases, and carries out by regulon control flow control valve the operation that valve turns down.

3. device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe reduces, described control module is by regulon controlFlow control valve carries out valve and opens large operation, the density of opening large speed and equal kerosene of valve unit areReduce speed, make the kerosene oil flow by opening large valve increase equal the kerosene that kerosene density reduces to causeFlow loss, thus the kerosene oil flow in retentive control process is constant;

In the time that the kerosene oil flow in kerosene conveying pipe increases, described control module is by regulon controlFlow control valve carries out the operation that valve turns down, and the speed that turns down of valve unit are equals kerosene densityPush the speed, make the kerosene oil flow reducing by pass minor valve equal the kerosene that the increase of kerosene density causesFlow increases, thereby the kerosene oil flow in retentive control process is constant.