CN103591604A - High-temperature air preheater with middle hot air outlet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a preheater structure with a middle hot air outlet. By the aid of the preheater structure, problems of easiness in over-stress wrinkle deformation of the lower end of a shell, easiness in over-stress bending deformation of the lower ends of heat exchange tubes and the like due to the fact that a hot air outlet of a currently well-known high-temperature air preheater structure is arranged at the lower end of a shell side and the lower end of the shell side is a high-temperature working area and also is an equipment failure prone area can be solved. The preheater structure comprises a shell, an inner barrel, an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate I, a lower tube plate II, heat exchange tubes, baffle plates, a first cold air inlet, a second cold air inlet, the hot air outlet, a lower tube plate air cooling channel and the like. The preheater structure has the advantages that cold air flows into the preheater structure via the upper end and the lower end of a shell side respectively, and hot air is exhausted from the middle of the shell side, so that the working temperature of the lower end of a preheater can be reduced, the lower end of the preheater is not easy to fail, and the service life of the preheater structure can be prolonged; the cold air flows through the lower tube plate air cooling channel, so that the two lower tube plates and the lower ends of all the heat exchange tubes can be sufficiently cooled and protected, and the service lives of the two lower tube plates and the service lives of all the heat exchange tubes can be prolonged.

Description

Hot-blast outlet is located at the high-temperature air preheater at middle part

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of carbon black production equipment, especially air preheater.

Background technology

At present, the pipe shell type heat exchange device that known high-temperature air preheater structure is vertical installation, high-temperature flue gas is walked tube side from the bottom up, and cold wind is walked shell side from top to bottom, and hot-blast outlet is located at shell side lower end.High-temperature air preheater hot-blast outlet temperature can reach 950 ℃, because operating temperature is high, high-temperature air preheater shell side lower end has just become the multiple district of equipment fault.High-temperature air preheater shell side lower end main member comprises housing lower end and heat exchanger tube lower end, although its material has all been thickeied reinforcement, adopt highest heat-resistant anticorrosion material, but due to material, at high temperature intensity is very low, high alloy material price is very high, design safety remaining is limited, meeting accidental operation upset condition easily breaks down, easily there is overstressing Folding Deformation in housing lower end for example, easily there is the significant troubles such as overstressing flexural deformation in heat exchanger tube lower end, is therefore subject to very large threat in high-temperature air preheater service life.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve high-temperature air preheater existing structure, the shell side lower end high member of the operating temperature problem that easily breaks down, the invention provides the high-temperature preheater structure that a kind of hot-blast outlet is located at middle part; This structured high temperature flue gas remains walks tube side from the bottom up, but shell side Air Flow changes, cold wind enters from the top and bottom of shell side respectively, hot blast is discharged from the middle part of shell side, so just reduced the operating temperature of preheater lower-end member, because operating temperature has reduced, construction material intensity has just improved, so, incidental fault before preheater lower-end member is just not easy to occur; Hot-blast outlet is located to shell side middle part, the operating temperature of shell side middle part member has improved, but, because air preheater is a kind of heat-exchanger rig of tall and big vertical installation, preheater main member housing and heat exchanger tube, self gravitation load accounts for the major part of its all vertical load, preheater middle part member gravitational load is certainly much smaller than preheater lower-end member gravitational load, therefore, and under equal high temperature and same material condition, middle part member is just much safe, is not easy to break down.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: hot-blast outlet is located at the high-temperature air preheater at middle part, by shell, and inner core, upper perforated plate, lower perforated plate I, lower perforated plate II, heat exchanger tube, deflection plate, float tube sealing device, protective casing, air intlet A, air intlet B, hot-blast outlet, inner core short circuit first, inner core short circuit second, shell short circuit, ring baffle, upright baffle, the compositions such as inner core bottom bellows; It is characterized in that: upper perforated plate is welded on shell upper end, the part that lower perforated plate I and lower perforated plate II are adjacent with other forms the below that " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate " is welded on respectively inner core and shell; Cold wind import B is located at shell side bottom, and cold wind import A is located at the top of cold wind import B, and hot-blast outlet is located at shell side middle part; One air enters from cold wind import B, through " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate ", enters shell side, through multiple tracks deflection plate, turns back, and from hot-blast outlet, discharges; Another strand of air enters from cold wind import A, and the air-cooled passage of annular that passes shell and inner core formation upwards enters shell side, through multiple tracks deflection plate, turns back, and from hot-blast outlet, discharges; Its feature also has: so-called " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate " is by shell short circuit, inner core short circuit first, and inner core short circuit second, lower perforated plate I, lower perforated plate II, ring baffle and two upright baffle form; In inner core short circuit second, in the face of and back to the direction of cold wind import B, respectively have some air vent K; In inner core short circuit first, back to the direction of cold wind import B, have some air vent M; Two upright baffle handles are by inner core short circuit first, inner core short circuit second, shell short circuit, the annular space that ring baffle and lower perforated plate II fence up is on four sides divided into two, guarantees that the air of coming in from cold wind import B can only enter shell side through the passage between lower perforated plate I and lower perforated plate II.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, one. hot-blast outlet is moved on to middle part from the lower end of shell, can make preheater shell lower end and heat exchanger tube lower end reduce operating temperature, improved the strength of materials, avoid housing overstressing Folding Deformation, avoid the fault such as heat exchanger tube overstressing flexural deformation to occur, improve preheater service life; Two. one cold wind enters from cold wind import B, through " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate ", fully cooling protection two lower perforated plates and whole lower ends of heat exchanger tubes, make it keep the higher strength of materials, Crack prevention, the accidents such as fracture occur, raising service life; Three. one cold wind enters from cold wind import A, the air-cooled passage of annular forming through shell and inner core, fully cooling protection the inner core of contact high temperature air, make inner core keep the higher strength of materials, avoid occurring overstressing and damage, improve service life.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention and structural representation;

Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 " C-C " cutaway view;

Fig. 3 is that Fig. 1 " D " is to view.

Fig. 4 is that Fig. 1 " E " is to view;

In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4,1 float tube sealing device, 2 upper perforated plates, 3 heat exchanger tubes; 4 shells, 5 inner cores, 6 deflection plates, 7 cold wind import A; 8 cold wind import B, 9 lower perforated plate I, 10 lower perforated plate II, 11 protective casings; 12 inner core short circuit second, 13 shell short circuits, 14 inner core short circuit first; 15 ring baffles, 16 inner core bottom bellowss, 17 hot-blast outlets; 18 upright baffle, K ventilating opening, M ventilating opening.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, in Fig. 4, lower perforated plate I (9), lower perforated plate II (10), heat exchanger tube (3), shell (4), inner core (5), shell short circuit (13), inner core short circuit second (12), inner core short circuit first (14), ring baffle (15), inner core bottom bellows (16), hot-blast outlet (17), the installation welding sequence of each parts such as upright baffle (18) is: inner core bellows upper end, bottom and inner core welding, lower end and ring baffle welding; Shell lower end and ring baffle welding; Hot-blast outlet welds with inner core and shell respectively; Inner core short circuit first is soldered on ring baffle; Lower perforated plate I is soldered in inner core short circuit first; Inner core short circuit second is soldered on lower perforated plate I; Heat exchanger tube is put in lower perforated plate I pore and made heat exchanger tube stretch out the length that can put into lower perforated plate II; Heat exchanger tube and lower perforated plate I welding; Heat exchanger tube is put in lower perforated plate II pore and welded with lower perforated plate II; Each part welding that two upright baffle are loaded onto and are in contact with it; Finally the shell short circuit that is slit into two halves is burn-on.

In Fig. 1, inner core is fixed on shell middle part by hot-blast outlet, and inner core operating temperature is higher than shell, and the thermal expansion of inner core bottom is absorbed by inner core bottom bellows, and the thermal expansion of inner core top can upwards move freely.

In Fig. 1, heat exchanger tube and upper perforated plate floating seal adopt float tube sealing device, also can adopt and can allow heat exchanger tube fluctuate at upper perforated plate pore, can also keep other device of heat exchanger tube and tube sheet sealing simultaneously.

In Fig. 1, it is in order to improve the ability of heat exchanger tube end high temperature resistance sweep of gases that heat exchanger tube lower end packs into protective casing.

Claims (2)

1. hot-blast outlet is located at the high-temperature air preheater at middle part, by shell, and inner core, upper perforated plate, lower perforated plate I, lower perforated plate II, heat exchanger tube, deflection plate, float tube sealing device, protective casing, air intlet A, air intlet B, hot-blast outlet, inner core short circuit first, inner core short circuit second, shell short circuit, ring baffle, upright baffle, inner core bottom bellows forms; It is characterized in that: upper perforated plate is welded on shell upper end, the part that lower perforated plate I and lower perforated plate II are adjacent with other forms the below that " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate " is welded on respectively inner core and shell; Cold wind import B is located at shell side bottom, and cold wind import A is located at the top of cold wind import B, and hot-blast outlet is located at shell side middle part; One air enters from cold wind import B, through " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate ", enters shell side, through multiple tracks deflection plate, turns back, and from hot-blast outlet, discharges; Another strand of air enters from cold wind import A, and the air-cooled passage of annular that passes shell and inner core formation upwards enters shell side, through multiple tracks deflection plate, turns back, and from hot-blast outlet, discharges;

2. hot-blast outlet according to claim 1 is located at the high-temperature air preheater at middle part, it is characterized in that: " the air-cooled passage of lower perforated plate " is by shell short circuit, inner core short circuit first, inner core short circuit second, lower perforated plate I, lower perforated plate II, ring baffle and two upright baffle form; In inner core short circuit second, in the face of and back to the direction of cold wind import B, respectively have some air vent K; In inner core short circuit first, back to the direction of cold wind import B, have some air vent M; Two upright baffle handles are by inner core short circuit first, inner core short circuit second, shell short circuit, the annular space that ring baffle and lower perforated plate II fence up is on four sides divided into two, guarantees that the air of coming in from cold wind import B can only enter shell side through the passage between lower perforated plate I and lower perforated plate II.