CN103589830B - Method for controlling content of reverse austenite in stainless steel - Google Patents
Method for controlling content of reverse austenite in stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)=O TZMFJUDUGYTVRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling the content of reverse austenite in stainless steel, and belongs to the technical field of metal materials. The method comprises the following steps: quenching super martensite stainless steel at 950-1100DEG C for 0.5h, and carrying out oil cooling to room temperature to obtain super martensite stainless steel having a volume fraction of reverse austenite of 0.30-0.15wt%; heating the obtained super martensite stainless steel to 550-750DEG C at a heating rate of 5DEG C/min, carrying out heat insulation for 2h, naturally cooling in air to room temperature, and continuously cooling to obtain super martensite stainless steel having a volume fraction of reverse austenite of 5-25%; and cooling the cold super martensite stainless steel, heating to 550-750DEG C at a heating rate of 5DEG C/min, carrying out heat insulation for 2h, and naturally cooling in air to room temperature to obtain super martensite stainless steel having a volume fraction of reverse austenite of 10-60%. The method solves a problem that the difficult accurate control of the super martensite reverse austenite content influences the performances in the practical production process.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method controlling reversed austenite content in stainless steel of the present invention, belongs to technical field of metal.
Background technology
Super martensitic stainless steel reduces carbon content on the stainless basis of conventional martensitic, increases the content of nickel and molybdenum and the new steel grade that grows up.This steel tensile strength is high, and ductility is good, and welding property have also been obtained improvement, and has good solidity to corrosion and workability and lower Financial cost.At present, this steel grade mainly should in offshore oil Natural gas extraction seamless tube and transport pipe, wet natural gas treatment facility, water power, liquify natural gas line of pipes) etc., the performance of its excellence comes from special heterogeneous microstructure, after certain Quench and temper thermal treatment, it is organized as tempered martensite and the reversed austenite tissue of Dispersed precipitate in martensitic matrix, see accompanying drawing 1,2.Reversed austenite is separated out along on martensite lath circle or original austenite crystal prevention, because its size is less, and Dispersed precipitate, very favourable to the toughness improving material, not only can stop the expansion of crackle between martensite lath, the stress concentration that when can also slow down dense arrangement between lath, dislocation front end causes.Therefore the tough key being combined into formulation heat treating regime that reversed austenite content makes super martensitic stainless steel reach different is adjusted.
Because super martensitic stainless steel has wide range of applications, different working conditionss has very big difference to its performance requriements, effectively can regulate the comprehensive mechanical property of the type material by controlling reversed austenite content.When reversed austenite content is higher, the plasticity and toughness of material are good, and intensity is slightly low, is used for the occasion higher to plasticity and toughness requirement; When reversed austenite content is lower, the intensity of material is higher, but plasticity and toughness are slightly low, is used for intensity and the higher occasion of wear resisting property requirement.Therefore effectively control reversed austenite content to adjustment super martensitic stainless steel over-all properties, meet different service requirementss and have very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to by working out rational heat treating regime and a kind of method controlling reversed austenite content in stainless steel is provided, thus being difficult to accurately control the problem that super martensitic reversed austenite content affects performance in solution actual production process.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: by reaching control reversed austenite content to the control of the heat treated tempering temperature of super martensitic stainless steel.Concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel through 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5 ~ 1h, oil cooling is to room temperature, and the volume fraction obtaining reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel (residual austenite) is 0.30 ~ 15wt%;
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with heating rate to 550 ~ 750 DEG C of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, room temperature is naturally cooled in atmosphere after insulation 1 ~ 3h, continue to be carried out deepfreeze, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 5 ~ 25% again;
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, cold temperature of going is-90 ~-70 DEG C, time is 1 ~ 3h, again by it with heating rate to 550 ~ 750 of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min DEG C temperature, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 1 ~ 3h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 10 ~ 60%.
The concrete composition of described super martensitic stainless steel and per-cent are: C< 0.05wt%, Mn 0.1 ~ 0.5wt%, Si 0.1 ~ 0.5wt%, Cr 13.0 ~ 15.0wt%, Ni 5.0 ~ 7.0wt%, Cu 0 ~ 3wt%, Mo 1.0 ~ 2.0wt%, W 0 ~ 1.0wt%.
The oil that described oil quenchinng adopts is kerosene, is common commercially available.
In described step (1), super martensitic stainless steel quenching preferred value is through 1050 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5h.
Super martensitic stainless steel heating preferred value in described step (2) is with the heating rate to 650 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min.
In described step (2), super martensitic stainless steel deepfreeze is carried out in dry ice, and temperature is-90 ~-70 DEG C DEG C, time 10 ~ 60min.
Super martensitic stainless steel again carries out deepfreeze and also carries out in dry ice in described step (3), and the temperature of deepfreeze is-90 ~-70 DEG C, cooling time 1 ~ 3h.
The super martensitic stainless steel heating preferred value that deepfreeze is complete in described step (3) is with the heating rate to 650 of 5 DEG C/min DEG C temperature, after insulation 2h again air cooling to room temperature.
The reversed austenite content of the super martensitic stainless steel that the present invention prepares detects: carry out grind away and polishing after first cutting, then use AA solution (1% tetramethyl ammonium chloride+10% methyl ethyl diketone+methyl alcohol) electrolysis destressing at normal temperatures, obtain preset super martensitic stainless steel; Preset super martensitic stainless steel is carried out X-ray continuous sweep (test parameter: Co target, Guan Liuguan press 35mA35kV, graphite crystal monochromator, step-length 0.02
., integral time 0.4s.), the method test sample composition phase utilizing step-scan that each diffraction peak intensity is increased with the increase of scanning times, adopts 6 collimation methods to utilize formula according to diffraction peak integrated intensity
calculate reversed austenite volume fraction.
Described electrolytic solution is AA solution, and composition and weight percent are: tetramethyl ammonium chloride 1wt%, methyl ethyl diketone 10wt%, all the other are methyl alcohol, are common commercially available.
The test parameter of described X-ray scanning is: adopt Co target, Guan Liuwei 35mA, and pipe pressure is 35Kv; Adopt graphite crystal monochromator, step-scan, step-length 0.02 °, integral time 0.4s.
Formula in described step (4)
, wherein φ
afor reversed austenite volume fraction, K=I
0A111/ I
0F110, I
0A111and I
0F110be respectively pure austenite and pure ferritic integrated intensity, I
f110and I
a111be respectively actual austenite and ferritic integrated intensity.
It is as follows that the present invention controls the mechanism of reversed austenite content in super martensitic stainless steel: in drawing process, when the As point of a little higher than the type Martensite Stainless Steel of tempering temperature, reversed austenite is preferentially grown up with original austenite place forming core between martensite lath, austenizer simultaneously in material is assembled in reversed austenite, increase its stability, make it in tempering process of cooling subsequently, not be transformed into martensite.When tempering temperature raises, martensite is larger to the motivating force of austenitic transformation, the transformation amount of reversed austenite is more, and meanwhile, due to the continuous increase of high temperature reversed austenite amount, along with homogenization of composition effect in reversed austenite, the austenizer concentration of enrichment in reversed austenite reduces gradually, cause high temperature reversed austenite thermostability to decline, in tempering process of cooling, be easily again transformed into martensite, to make under room temperature reversed austenite amount in sample reduce.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) mechanism of production of the present invention in conjunction with reversed austenite and the phase transformation law of super martensitic stainless steel, solves in actual production the problem being difficult to accurately control reversed austenite content, thus realizes the accurate control to material over-all properties;
(2) the present invention uses different tempering temperatures and deepfreeze system, make the change of volume content realization from 0%-60% scope of reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel, thus make intensity, the increase of plasticity and toughness variable range of this material, the demand of more different conditions can be adapted to;
(3) the tempering heat treatment heating and cooling trial work that the present invention uses is applicable to actual industrial production, is easy to obtain works approval, once be used, can improves greatly China's super martensitic stainless steel constant product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Lath martensite pattern under Fig. 1 the present invention 10500 times of transmission electron microscopes in sample;
Fig. 2 is the reversed austenite pattern under the present invention's 60000 times of transmission electron microscopes in sample.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the method that present embodiment controls reversed austenite content in stainless steel is:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel (C 0.04wt%, Mn 0.1wt%, Si 0.5wt%, Cr 13.0wt%, Ni 7.0wt%, Cu3wt%, Mo 1.0wt%, W 0.6wt%) through 1050 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5h, with kerosene oil cooling to room temperature, obtain super martensitic stainless steel sample through grinding, polishing, after electrolysis destressing, carries out X-ray continuous sweep (test parameter: Co target, Guan Liuguan press 35mA35kV, graphite crystal monochromator, step-length 0.02
., integral time 0.4s.), the method test sample composition phase utilizing step-scan that each diffraction peak intensity is increased with the increase of scanning times, adopts 6 collimation methods to utilize formula according to diffraction peak integrated intensity
calculate reversed austenite volume fraction.Quantitative analysis shows that the rear austenitic volume content (i.e. volume fraction) of sample quenching is 10%.
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with the heating rate to 650 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min, insulation 2h naturally cools to room temperature in atmosphere, continue again to be carried out deepfreeze, carry out in dry ice, temperature is-90 DEG C, time 10min, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 30%; Sample is through grinding, and polishing, after electrolysis destressing, carries out X-ray continuous sweep (test parameter: Co target, Guan Liuguan press 35mA35kV, graphite crystal monochromator, step-length 0.02
., integral time 0.4s.), the method test sample composition phase utilizing step-scan that each diffraction peak intensity is increased with the increase of scanning times, adopts 6 collimation methods to utilize formula according to diffraction peak integrated intensity
calculate reversed austenite volume fraction.Quantitative analysis shows that the austenitic volume content of sample (i.e. volume fraction) is 25%.
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, cooling temperature is-70 DEG C, time is 3h, again by it with the heating rate to 700 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 2h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 25%.Sample is through grinding, and polishing, after electrolysis destressing, carries out X-ray continuous sweep, test parameter: Co target, Guan Liuguan press 35mA35kV, graphite crystal monochromator, step-length 0.02
., integral time 0.4s.), the method test sample composition phase utilizing step-scan that each diffraction peak intensity is increased with the increase of scanning times, adopts 6 collimation methods to utilize formula according to diffraction peak integrated intensity
calculate reversed austenite volume fraction.Quantitative analysis shows that the austenitic volume content of sample (i.e. volume fraction) is 60%.
Embodiment two: in the control stainless steel of present embodiment, the method for reversed austenite content is:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel (C< 0.05wt%, Mn 0.5wt%, Si 0.1wt%, Cr 15.0wt%, Ni 6wt%, Mo 2.0wt%, W1.0wt%) through 950 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5h, kerosene oil cooling is to room temperature, and the volume fraction obtaining reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel (residual austenite) is 15wt%;
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with the heating rate to 550 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min, insulation 2h naturally cools to room temperature in atmosphere, continue again to be carried out deepfreeze, carry out in dry ice, temperature is-79 DEG C, time 30min, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 5%;
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, carry out in dry ice, the temperature of deepfreeze is-90 DEG C, cooling time 1h, again by it with the heating rate to 550 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 2h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 30%.
Embodiment three: in the control stainless steel of present embodiment, the method for reversed austenite content is:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel (C 0.03wt%, Mn 0.3wt%, Si 0.4wt%, Cr 13.9wt%, Ni 5.0wt%, Cu 1.6wt%, Mo 1.8wt%) through 1100 DEG C of quench treatment 1h, kerosene oil cooling is to room temperature, and the volume fraction obtaining reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel (residual austenite) is 0.3wt%;
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with heating rate to 550 ~ 750 DEG C of 10 DEG C/min, insulation 1h naturally cools to room temperature in atmosphere, continue again to be carried out deepfreeze, carry out in dry ice, temperature is-70 DEG C, time 60min, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 20%;
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, carry out in dry ice, the temperature of deepfreeze is-90 DEG C, cooling time 2h, again by it with the heating rate to 750 DEG C of 8 DEG C/min, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 1h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 10%.
Embodiment four: in the control stainless steel of present embodiment, the method for reversed austenite content is:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel (C 0.035wt%, Mn 0.45wt%, Si 0.3wt%, Cr 13.5wt%, Ni 5.9wt%, Cu 2wt%, Mo 1.4wt%, W 0.5wt%) through 1100 DEG C of quench treatment 0.8h, kerosene oil cooling is to room temperature, and the volume fraction obtaining reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel (residual austenite) is 9wt%;
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with the heating rate to 750 DEG C of 9 DEG C/min, insulation 2h naturally cools to room temperature in atmosphere, continue again to be carried out deepfreeze, carry out in dry ice, temperature is-88 DEG C, time 40min, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 24%;
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, carry out in dry ice, the temperature of deepfreeze is-78 DEG C, cooling time 2.6h, again by it with the heating rate to 600 DEG C of 10 DEG C/min, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 3h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 40%.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (6)
1. control a method for reversed austenite content in stainless steel, it is characterized in that concrete steps comprise:
(1) by super martensitic stainless steel through 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5 ~ 1h, oil cooling is to room temperature, the volume fraction obtaining reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel is 0.30 ~ 15wt%, and wherein the concrete composition of super martensitic stainless steel and per-cent are: C<0.05wt%, Mn0.1 ~ 0.5wt%, Si0.1 ~ 0.5wt%, Cr13.0 ~ 15.0wt%, Ni5.0 ~ 7.0wt%, Cu0 ~ 3wt%, Mo1.0 ~ 2.0wt%, W0 ~ 1.0wt%;
(2) by the super martensitic stainless steel that obtains in step (1) with heating rate to 550 ~ 750 DEG C of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min, room temperature is naturally cooled in atmosphere after insulation 1 ~ 3h, continue to be carried out deepfreeze, in the super martensitic stainless steel obtained, reversed austenite volume fraction is 5 ~ 25% again; In described step (2), super martensitic stainless steel deepfreeze is carried out in dry ice, and temperature is-90 ~-70 DEG C, time 10 ~ 60min;
(3) super martensitic stainless steel after step (2) deepfreeze is carried out deepfreeze again, the temperature of deepfreeze is-90 ~-70 DEG C, time is 1 ~ 3h, again by it with heating rate to 550 ~ 750 of 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min DEG C temperature, naturally be chilled to room temperature in atmosphere again after insulation 1 ~ 3h, namely obtain the super martensitic stainless steel that reversed austenite volume fraction is 10 ~ 60%.
2. the method for reversed austenite content in control stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the oil that described oil cooling adopts is kerosene.
3. the method for reversed austenite content in control stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), super martensitic stainless steel is through 1050 DEG C of quench treatment 0.5h.
4. the method for reversed austenite content in control stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the super martensitic stainless steel in described step (2) is with the heating rate to 650 DEG C of 5 DEG C/min.
5. the method for reversed austenite content in control stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the middle super martensitic stainless steel of described step (3) again carries out deepfreeze and also carries out in dry ice, the temperature of deepfreeze is-90 ~-70 DEG C, cooling time 1 ~ 3h.
6. the method for reversed austenite content in control stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the super martensitic stainless steel that deepfreeze is complete in described step (3) with the heating rate to 650 of 5 DEG C/min DEG C temperature, after insulation 2h again air cooling to room temperature.
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| CN110172556A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-27 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | A kind of cryogenic treating process enhancing stainless steel cloth fatigue resistance |
| CN110468263A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-19 | 北京理工大学 | A kind for the treatment of process obtaining the advanced high-strength steel of high-strength and high ductility |
| CN111363983A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Super martensitic stainless steel with ultrahigh strength and toughness and preparation method thereof |
| CN113186462B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-03-08 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength Cr-Ni-Co-Mo stainless steel for ultralow temperature and toughening heat treatment method |
| CN114231700A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-25 | 大连透平机械技术发展有限公司 | Heat treatment and freezing treatment method of 9% Ni material |
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| JP2003129190A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-05-08 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Martensitic stainless steel and manufacturing method therefor |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101348849A (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2009-01-21 | 浙江迪邦达轴承有限公司 | Low residual austenite heat treatment method and apparatus thereof |
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