CN103589434B - A kind of preparation method of low pH value soil conditioner - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of low pH value soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A preparation method for low pH value soil conditioner, this low pH value soil conditioner is that nitric acid is the applying again of intermediate products in phophatic fertilizer production process, pH is moderate for this soil conditioner, acid adjustment gentleness; Use human-body safety, can not endanger skin; Water content is suitable, do not lump, when use in field without airborne dust; This product can not only acid adjustment, can also provide plant growth necessary various nutrient elements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of low pH value soil conditioner, specifically a kind of Phosphate Fertilizer Production mistakeApplying again of intermediate products in journey.
Background technology
Soil ph is soil comprehensive function institute such as climate, biology, matrix and human factor in forming processThe attribute producing, under natural conditions, the Acidity of Aikalinity of soil is arranged by soil alkali situation mainly, according to H in soil+ExistenceForm can be divided into the acidity of soil two large types: the one, and active acid, active acid is H in soil+The direct reflection of concentration,The conventional pH of its intensity represents. The 2nd, the acid of latent property, potential acid is by the H that is exchange state+、Al3+Plasma determines. In production, commonly useIndex is pH value, and pH value is the criterion of acid-base value, and scope is 0-14, and 0 is highly acid, and 14 is strong basicity. Most cropsOptimum growh environment is the neutral soil of pH value 6-8, because the acquisition of important nutrients is best within the scope of this.
But because chemical fertilizer especially nitrogenous fertilizer long-term used and the impact of acid rain etc. in a large number, part on the south China the Changjiang riverThe soil pH value in area has dropped to 3 or 4, cannot maize planting, tobacco and tealeaves; In addition, northern China soil alsoThere is part soil aciditiy lower, plant growth has been caused to harmful effect. At present, the distribution of China's acid ground (pH < 6.5)Spread all over 14 provinces and regions, the gross area reaches 2.03 × 108hm2, account for 21% of national cultivated area; The wherein acid ground of pH < 5.0Often can cause lower Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils (CEC) and degree of base saturation (BS), strengthen fixing to P, reduce soilNutrient availability.
Liming is a very ancient acid soil improvement measure, and conventional lime kind has quick lime (CaO), ripeLime (Ca (OH)2), lime stone (CaCO3) and calcite in powder (CaCO3) etc.; Before more than 2000 years, roman is in order to carry greatlyHigh cereal crops output, just liming in agricultural; In 19 end of the centurys, lime was once used to improve forest output,But to the 1950's be once deactivated because of poor effect, after the eighties, recognize again that liming is a kind of opposingThe effective measures of Forest Soil Acidification; Southern most of provinces and cities generally use lime as acidic soil conditioner now, and by political affairsCalling for bid to it in mansion, has even started the volume increase action of " one jin of grain of one jin of lime ", to solve the problem of soil acidification.
As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2: existing lime conditioning acid ground brings fertilising difficult to peasant, and quick lime conditioner spread fertilizer over the fieldsIn journey, easily adhere on skin, skin ambustion, causes discomfort; Airborne dust also likely enters respiratory tract, unhealthful, and raw stoneAsh regulate acid ground pH value to change acutely and scope greatly, easily cause local soil NH3The problem such as volatilization and crop murder by poisoning.
Summary of the invention
Bring fertilising difficult in order to solve existing lime conditioning acid ground to peasant, quick lime adjustment of acidity soil pH value becomesThe difficult problems such as change scope is large, provide a kind of low pH value soil conditioner, and this low pH value soil conditioner is Phosphate Fertilizer Production processApplying again of middle intermediate products.
The preparation method of soil conditioner of the present invention, this low pH value soil conditioner be nitric acid be in phophatic fertilizer production process inBetween the applying again of product, concrete steps are as follows:
Step (1): by the calcium nitrate coarse crystallization body (Ca (NO producing in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process3)2.4H2O filter cake) withWater mixes, and the mass ratio of mixing is 1: 1.5-2.0, stir, and make calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution);
Step (2): by Ca (OH)2With CaCl2And KNO3Mix, mixing quality ratio is 2.0-2.5: 1: 0.3-0.5 makesPrecipitating reagent;
Step (3): the calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO making in step (1)3)2.4H2O solution) in, calcium nitrate solution (Ca(NO3)2.4H2O solution) precipitating reagent that makes with step (2) is 1000-2000 according to mass ratio: 1 ratio, add precipitating reagent,Rapid stirring, and add HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make pH remain on 8.0-8.5, make in solutionPO4 3-、F-Form respectively Ca with plumbous, cadmium3(PO4)2、CaF2、K2SiF6And Pb (OH)2、Cd(OH)2Precipitation, filters, and makes clean nitreAcid calcium filtrate;
Step (4): pass into NH in the clean calcium nitrate filtrate making in step (3)3(with the mol ratio of calcium nitrate be 2-3:1) and CO2(with the mol ratio of calcium nitrate be 4-6: 1) fully stir, and add HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make moltenLiquid pH value is controlled at 7.0 left and right, filters;
Step (5): the filtrate after filtering in step (4) is returned to calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO again3)2.4H2O solution) in enterRow is produced again;
Step (6): the sediment Main Ingredients and Appearance after step (4) is filtered is calcium carbonate;
Step (7): the sediment after step (4) is filtered, under 70-80 DEG C of condition, is dried processing;
Step (8): dry sediment after treatment in step (7) is added to nourishing additive agent, stir, make soilConditioner.
When wherein nourishing additive agent is potassium chloride, the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and potassium chloride in step (7)For 10-15: 1;
When nourishing additive agent is magnesium carbonate, in step (7), the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and magnesium carbonate is 5-8∶1；
Nourishing additive agent is Na2SiO3Time, dry sediment after treatment and Na in step (7)2SiO3Mass ratio be 3-5∶1；
When nourishing additive agent is borax, copper sulphate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate or ferrous sulfate, dry in step (7)The mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and nourishing additive agent is 20-25: 1;
Above-mentioned nourishing additive agent can only be selected wherein a kind of, also can select as required wherein two kinds or two kinds withOn.
As shown in accompanying drawing 3,4, the soil conditioner pH that adopts the method to make is moderate, acid adjustment gentleness; Use human body is pacifiedEntirely, can not endanger skin; Water content is suitable, do not lump, when use in field without airborne dust; This product can not only acid adjustment, Hai NengtiFor the necessary various nutrient elements of plant growth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 lime conditioner applies field operation Fig. 1 in process
Fig. 2 lime conditioner applies field operation Fig. 2 in process
The low pH value of Fig. 3 the application soil conditioner applies field operation Fig. 1 in process
The low pH value of Fig. 4 the application soil conditioner applies field operation Fig. 2 in process
The product acid adjustment mechanism of the low pH value of Fig. 5 the application soil conditioner
The low pH value of Fig. 6 the application soil conditioner production technological process
Fig. 7 the application specific embodiment is made the percentage composition of low pH value soil conditioner
This soil conditioner of Fig. 8 is in field test place schematic diagram (He Banli township of Xue Mei village, Chen Xiang town (A) slope Village (B))
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
1. as shown in Figure 5: the product mechanism of soil conditioner of the present invention is:
During soil conditioner is manured into soil with CO2Effect, reduces CO in soil2Concentration, or with the soil liquid in H+Effect, the Ca in earth conditioner on this simultaneously2+Be released the Ca discharging2+With soil colloid effect, the H on colloid+、Al3+By Ca2+Exchange is got off, the H exchanging in reaction+OH in ion and the soil liquid-Generate H2O, exchangesAl3+With the OH in the soil liquid-Generate Al (OH)3Precipitation, makes the two reduce the injury to crop root.
2, as shown in Figure 6: the preparation method of this soil conditioner is:
Step (1): by the calcium nitrate coarse crystallization body (Ca (NO producing in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process3)2.4H2O filter cake) withWater mixes, and the mass ratio of mixing is 1: 1.5-2.0, stir, and make calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution);
Step (2): by Ca (OH)2With CaCl2And KNO3Mix, mixing quality ratio is 2.0-2.5: 1: 0.3-0.5 makesPrecipitating reagent;
Step (3): the calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO making in step (1)3)2.4H2O solution) in, calcium nitrate solution (Ca(nO3)2.4H2O solution) precipitating reagent that makes with step (2) is 1000-2000 according to mass ratio: 1 ratio, add precipitating reagent,Rapid stirring, and add HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make pH remain on 8.0-8.5, make in solutionPO4 3-、F-Form respectively Ca with plumbous, cadmium3(PO4)2、CaF2、K2SiF6And Pb (OH)2、Cd(OH)2Precipitation, filters, and makes clean nitreAcid calcium filtrate;
Step (4): pass into NH in the clean calcium nitrate filtrate making in step (3)3(with the mol ratio of calcium nitrate be 2-3:1) and CO2(with the mol ratio of calcium nitrate be 4-6: 1) fully stir, and add HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make moltenLiquid pH value is controlled at 7.0 left and right, filters;
Step (5): the filtrate after filtering in step (4) is returned to calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO again3)2.4H2O solution) in enterRow is produced again;
Step (6): the sediment Main Ingredients and Appearance after step (4) is filtered is calcium carbonate;
Step (7): the sediment after step (4) is filtered, under 70-80 DEG C of condition, is dried processing;
Step (8): dry sediment after treatment in step (7) is added to nourishing additive agent, stir, make soilConditioner.
When wherein nourishing additive agent is potassium chloride, the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and potassium chloride in step (7)For 10-15: 1;
When nourishing additive agent is magnesium carbonate, in step (7), the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and magnesium carbonate is 5-8∶1；
Nourishing additive agent is Na2SiO3Time, dry sediment after treatment and Na in step (7)2SiO3Mass ratio be 3-5∶1；
When nourishing additive agent is borax, copper sulphate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate or ferrous sulfate, dry in step (7)The mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and nourishing additive agent is 20-25: 1;
Above-mentioned nourishing additive agent can only be selected wherein a kind of, also can select as required wherein two kinds or two kinds withOn.
Example 1:
1, take the calcium nitrate coarse crystallization body (Ca (NO producing in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process3)2.4H2O filter cake) 100kg,Mix with 150kg water, stir, make calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution);
2, take respectively Ca (OH)22.0kg、CaCl21.0kg、KNO30.3kg, is fully uniformly mixed, and makes precipitating reagent;
3, the calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO making in 250kg step (1)3)2.4H2O solution) in add step (2) to makePrecipitating reagent 2.5kg, rapid stirring, by adding HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, makes reacting liquid pH value remain on 8.0-8.5. Then filter, make clean calcium nitrate filtrate;
4, in the clean calcium nitrate filtrate making in step (3), pass into NH320.4kg (1200mol) and CO2105.6kg(2400mol) fully stir, by adding HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make reacting liquid pH value be controlled at 7.0 left and right.Then filter;
5, by step (4) filter after sediment under 70-80 DEG C of condition, dry;
6, take dry sediment 50kg after treatment in step (5), add 5kgKCl, stir, make this soilConditioner, composition is shown in Fig. 7.
Example 2:
1, take the calcium nitrate coarse crystallization body (Ca (NO producing in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process3)2.4H2O filter cake) 100kg,Mix with 180kg water, stir, make calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution);
2, take respectively Ca (OH)22.5kg、CaCl21.0kg、KNO30.5kg, is fully uniformly mixed, and makes precipitating reagent;
3, the calcium nitrate solution (Ca (NO making in about 280kg step (1)3)2.4H2O solution) in add step (2) to makePrecipitating reagent 0.140kg, rapid stirring, by adding HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, remains on reacting liquid pH value8.0-8.5. Then filter, make clean calcium nitrate filtrate;
4, in the clean calcium nitrate filtrate making in step (3), pass into NH330.6kg (1800mol) and CO2132.0kg(3000mol) fully stir, by adding HCl or the NaOH solution of 0.01mol/L, make reacting liquid pH value be controlled at 7.0 left and right.Then filter;
5, by step (4) filter after sediment under 70-80 DEG C of condition, dry;
6, take dry sediment 50kg after treatment in step (5), add 4.5kgKCl, stir, make native countryEarth conditioner, composition is shown in Fig. 7.
3, the effect report on southern acid ground vegetables of this soil conditioner:
3.1 test periods and experimental field overview
Test respectively in May, 2013-2013 year August at Xue Mei village, Chen Xiang town, Changtai County of Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province (A) and slopeIn place, two, slope Village, township (B) carry out, two places are at a distance of 20km, testing site soil physical and chemical property is in table 1, locus, testing siteFig. 8 is shown in by schematic diagram.
Table 1 is for the basic physicochemical character of examination soil
3.2 for examination vegetables and kind
Be water spinach (IpomoeaaquaticaForsk) for examination vegetables, kind is Thailand water spinach.
3.3 for examination fertilizer
Produce (CaO40.6%, K for examination soil conditioner by Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd.2O5.5%). MultipleHefei (20-10-10) is produced by fertile factory of Nan Jing of Fujian Province.
3.4 experimental design and enforcement
Implement and management for ease of technology, we select technology awareness strong, have a mind to and the sci-tech model household of ability, pressCarry out field management according to test requirements document, implement technical measures, record observed content and test. Soil improvement test is processed and is arrangedFor: Xue Mei village, Chen Xiang town establishes 2 tests, wherein tests 1 and spreads fertilizer over the fields rotary tillage after soil conditioner for soil surface; Test 2 be according toInterval 10cm draws ditch row replacement soil conditioner; Ban Li township establishes in slope Village 1 test, and rotary tillage after soil conditioner is spread fertilizer over the fields on surface. WithUpper 3 tests all arrange 7 processing, and each processing and dose are as table 2. Test adopts random district group to arrange, every community 20m2，3Inferior repetition.
Table 2 test is processed
Fertilizing method: soil conditioner used base manure phase 1 time, concrete fertilizing method is: spread fertilizer over the fields rear rotary tillage or distance is broadcastPlant ditch 10cm place drag hook row replacement earthing; 2 fertilisings of compound nutriment in a fertilizer, point base manure is used with topdressing; Base manure applied at the beginning of 6 months, and institute executesSoil conditioner all make base manure, composite fertilizer's sowing amount accounts for total dose 70%; At the beginning of 7 months, topdress and account for 30%. Around trial zoneProtection row is set, and other cultivation management measure is produced consistent with vegetable garden.
3.5 sample collections and mensuration
Use base manure on June 2nd, 2013, door bolt sowing in June 10, July 2 topdressed, and July 20 gathered in the crops. Water spinach adopts and drawsThe method that ditch broadcasts sowing is sowed. Because water spinach growth side shoot is many, inconvenience management, thus in seedling stage, grass is removed totally,And the guarantee soil that often waters is in moisture state, is beneficial to the growth of root system. , do not use and appoint manually except insect pest at growing periodWhat agricultural chemicals and hormone. Water spinach fast growth, cauline leaf is easily aging, so meter product is gathered in good time.
After water spinach results, measure Vc content, nitre state salt content, the soluble sugar content of fresh water spinach; Get 0-simultaneously20cm pedotheque, tests its chemical index, comprises pH value (flooding) and rapid available phosphorus, effectively potassium, organic matter, activated aluminum, workProperty silicon equal size.
3.6 data statistics and analysis
Variance analysis and significance test, adopt Spss software to analyze.
3.7 test effect evaluations
1) different soils conditioner is processed the impact on soil physical and chemical property
Slope Village vegetable soil conditioner is tested (table 3) and is shown, the conditioner of different amounts can improve soil in various degreePH, increase rate 9.74%～21.64%, wherein processes soil pH with 100kg conditioner/mu the highest, remarkable with contrast difference,Improve 1 unit than contrast, improve 21.64%, process significant difference with other. Singly execute potassium chloride CK2 and process soil pH and CKlControl treatment approaches, and there is no difference. Visible, conditioner is better to improving soil pH effect, and 100kg/ mu consumption is better than other useAmount, but soil pH is still in acid range, need to repeatedly apply. Increase available potassium in soils with conditioner consumption increases thereupon,The effective potassium content of a large amount conditioner consumption improves 17.09% than contrast, remarkable with contrast difference, and different amounts conditioner improves soilThe amplitude of the effective potassium of earth is 3.29%～17.09%, and it is relevant that this and conditioner itself contain a certain amount of potassium. Potassium chloride is processed soilThe effective potassium content of earth is close with 60kg/ mu conditioner consumption, not remarkable with contrast difference. Different disposal total soil nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus,The content of organic matter all increases, but effect is not remarkable.
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Ban Village dish with soil physical and chemical property spread fertilizer over the fields on table 3 surface
Visible, conditioner, improving in soil pH, can also significantly increase available potassium in soils content, to total soil nitrogen,The effect that all improves of rapid available phosphorus and the content of organic matter.
Spread fertilizer over the fields on surface in the test (table 4) of soil conditioner and can find out in Xue Mei village, adds the conditioners of different amounts, soilPH has rising in various degree, and has the trend of rising with the increase pH of addition, the comparison of different amounts conditioner soil pHAccording to raising scope, between 7.6%～18.4%, when conditioner consumption is 100kg/ mu, soil pH is the highest, reaches aobvious with contrastingWork difference, improves 0.92 unit than control treatment, increase rate 18.4%, and conditioner consumption 80～120kg/ mu is to improving soilThe effect of earth pH is close, there is no difference. Add the processing of potassium chloride, soil pH slightly improves than contrast, but difference is not remarkable. CanSee, adding of conditioner can improve acid ground, and effect is remarkable, addition and add indegree and need further research. ApplyPotassium chloride and conditioner can improve the full nitrogen of soil, and increase rate is between 30.5%～64.7%, remarkable with contrast difference,60kg/ mu conditioner is best to the effect of raising total soil nitrogen. Potassium chloride and conditioner can significantly improve available potassium in soils and containAmount, remarkable with contrast difference, potassium chloride is processed than contrast and is improved 11.16%, processes available potassium in soils with 60kg/ mu conditionerImpact effect close, middle a large amount conditioner improves 13.31%～30.11%, 100kg/ mu conditioner consumption soil than contrastEffectively potassium content is the highest. Different disposal has a little to improve to soil quick-effective phosphor and organic matter, but DeGrain.
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village vegetable soil physicochemical character is spread fertilizer over the fields on table 4 surface
Table 5 draws the impact of ditch row replacement soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village vegetable soil physicochemical character
Xue Mei village drag hook row replacement result of the test is in table 5. As shown in Table 5, drawing in the test of ditch row replacement soil conditioner, applyPotassium chloride and conditioner can increase soil pH, wherein the highest with 80kg/ mu conditioner consumption pH, remarkable with contrast difference, thanContrast improves 17.59%, and different amounts conditioner improves the amplitude of soil pH between 10.22%-17.59%, due to soilPH own is lower, though soil pH is significantly increased after applying conditioner, but still in acid range. Potassium chloride is to soil pH shadowRing less. Visible, row replacement conditioner can improve soil pH, better with the effect of 80kg/ mu.
Apply potassium chloride and conditioner and can improve in various degree available potassium in soils content, potassium chloride is processed available potassium in soils and is containedMeasure the highest, remarkable with contrast difference, than contrast improve 23.68%, than 120kg conditioner process improve 4.35%. Have with conditioningThe increase of agent consumption, the trend that available potassium in soils content increases, conditioner different amounts to available potassium in soils increasing degree is3.76%～18.53%, 120kg/ mu conditioner effect is best, close with potassium chloride effect. Apply different conditioners to soilFull nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, content of organic matter impact are not quite.
2) different soils conditioner is processed the impact on soil silica-alumina ratio
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village vegetable soil silica-alumina ratio is spread fertilizer over the fields on table 6 surface
Soil conditioner is seen table 6-table 8 to the impact of soil silica-alumina ratio. As shown in Table 6, spread fertilizer over the fields soil conditioning on surfaceIn agent test, applying potassium chloride and conditioner can increase soil silica-alumina ratio (SiO/Al2O3), wherein with 120kg/ mu conditionerConsumption is processed soil SiO/Al2O3The highest, remarkable with contrast difference, improve 56.14% than contrast, the processing of different amounts conditionerImprove soil SiO/Al2O3Amplitude between 13.45%-56.14%. As shown in Table 7, drawing the examination of ditch row replacement soil conditionerIn testing, applying potassium chloride and conditioner can increase soil SiO/Al2O3, wherein with 100kg/ mu conditioner consumption SiO/Al2O3The highest, remarkable with contrast difference, improve 54.29% than contrast, different amounts conditioner improves soil SiO/Al2O3Amplitude existBetween 5.15%-56.14%. As shown in Table 8, spread fertilizer over the fields in soil conditioner test on the surface in Ban Village, applies conditioner allCan increase soil SiO/Al2O3, wherein with 100kg/ mu conditioner consumption SiO/Al2O3The highest, remarkable with contrast difference, comparisonAccording to improving 31.29%, different amounts conditioner improves soil SiO/Al2O3Amplitude between 6.75%-31.29%.
Table 7 draws the impact of ditch row replacement soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village vegetable soil silica-alumina ratio
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Ban Village vegetable soil silica-alumina ratio is spread fertilizer over the fields on table 8 surface
3) different soils conditioner is processed the impact effect evaluation to yield of vegetables and rate of growth
As shown in Table 9, in Xue Mei village, the test of two places, slope Village water spinach, use the processing of soil conditioner all with blankProcessing is compared, and shows effect of increasing production, amount of increase in production 5.81-44.45%; Compared with using potassium chloride processing, Xue Mei village twoIn individual test, use the water spinach yield level of 60kg/ mu soil conditioner processing suitable, all increase production 10% compared with space managementAbove, use soil conditioner more processing rate of growths to have increase in various degree, the highlyest increase production 36.05%, andIn the field test of slope Village, use the soil conditioner of 40kg/ mu just to exceed potassium chloride processing, more blank volume increase 18.06%, makesWith the more processing of soil conditioner, the rate of growth of water spinach has increase in various degree, the highlyest increases production 44.45%.
The impact of table 9 different disposal on crop yield and rate of growth
4) the impact effect evaluation of different disposal to crop quality
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Ban Village water spinach quality is spread fertilizer over the fields on table 10 surface
Different amounts conditioner can increase water spinach Vc content (table 10) in various degree, wherein 100kg/ mu conditioner processingWater spinach Vc content is the highest, improves 18.25% than contrast, remarkable with contrast difference, processes significant difference, no with low amount conditionerThe amplitude of carrying high Vc content with consumption conditioner is between 2.92%～18.25%, and potassium chloride is processed Vc content reduction slightly,But affect not remarkable.
Middle a large amount conditioner is processed the impact of water spinach soluble sugar content larger, significant difference, 120kg/ mu conditionerProcess content the highest, improve 26.48% than contrast, the amplitude that different amounts conditioner improves soluble sugar 4.18%～Between 26.48%, there between 80kg/ mu～120kg/ mu conditioner consumption, the impact of water spinach soluble sugar content is not had to be poorDifferent, potassium chloride is processed to be had slightly and reduces soluble sugar content, but there is no significant difference.
Potassium chloride and conditioner have no significant effect water spinach nitrate content. Consider economic factor and to water spinachThe impact of quality, 80kg/ mu consumption is proper.
The impact of soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village water spinach quality is spread fertilizer over the fields on table 11 surface
Potassium chloride is spread fertilizer over the fields on surface and conditioner can improve water spinach Vc content (table 11) in various degree, and wherein 100kg/ mu is adjustedIt is the highest that water spinach Vc content is processed in reason agent, remarkable with contrast difference, improves 19.86% than contrast, and conditioner different amounts is to skyHeart dish Vc content increase rate is between 2.34%～19.86%, and potassium chloride processing only improves 5.79%, Vc and sustains life notThe nutrient that can lack, the raising of Vc can improve the quality of water spinach. Different amounts conditioner is to water spinach soluble sugar contentAffect greatlyr, 100kg/ mu conditioner consumption soluble sugar content is the highest, remarkable with contrast difference, improves 19.23% than contrast,Low amount conditioner improves 7.18% than contrast, and first rise with the increase water spinach soluble sugar content of conditioner consumption and reduce afterwards,Potassium chloride is processed increases by 5.55%, visible, and 100kg/ mu conditioner consumption is best to the effect of raising water spinach soluble sugar. NoWith processing the not significant impact of water spinach nitrate content, with contrast close. In summary, spread fertilizer over the fields 100kg/ mu conditionerBest to increasing water spinach Vc and soluble sugar content effect, the effect that improves water spinach quality is better.
Table 12 draws the impact of ditch row replacement soil conditioner Dui Xuemei village water spinach quality
As shown in Table 12, ditch spread different amounts conditioner can to a certain degree improve water spinach Vc content, and increase rate is3.25%～17.64%, do not reach significant difference with contrasting, 120kg/ mu conditioner is processed the highest. Potassium chloride is processed Vc and is containedAmount improves 6.95%, and middle a large amount conditioner is better than potassium chloride processing to improving water spinach Vc effect.
Water spinach soluble sugar content is processed the highest with 120kg/ mu conditioner, remarkable with contrast difference, improves than contrast15.71%, different amounts conditioner improves soluble sugar amplitude between 9.11%～15.71%, and potassium chloride is only processed and improved6.34%, the effect that namely conditioner improves water spinach soluble sugar is better than potassium chloride processing, a large amount conditioner effectFruit is best.
Different disposal is little on the impact of water spinach nitrate content, and potassium chloride processing has reduction slightly, different amounts conditioningAgent impact is inconsistent, and general impacts are not remarkable.
Although 120kg/ mu conditioner consumption to improve water spinach Vc and soluble sugar content effect best, consider throughJi factor, selects the consumption of 80kg/ mu also can reach good effect.
5) evaluation of economic benefit
Economic and Efficiency Analysis is in table 13. As shown in Table 13, according to 2.5 yuan of calculating of water spinach per kilogram price, Ban Village,In Xue Mei village two places field test, compared with space management, enrich soil conditioner processing, all realize and increasing income, every mu increases income56.5-752.43 unit is not etc.; Use potassium chloride processing, also increase income compared with space management, every mu does not increase income 154.5-284.28 unit not etc.;In each test, enrich soil conditioner, the effect of increasing income performance is different, uses 60-100kg/ mu the effect of increasing income but all show asThe best, visible, adding of conditioner can improve acid ground, increases output, and the effect of increasing income is obvious, but addition and add indegreeNeed further to be studied, in the hope of obtaining more accurate data.
The impact of table 13 soil conditioner on water spinach economic benefit
6) conclusion
Result of the test shows, consumption, within the scope of 40-120kg/ mu, is used after soil conditioner, is all conducive to water spinachGrowth, output significantly improves. The conditioners that add different amounts, soil pH has rising in various degree, and with additionIncreasing pH has the trend of rising, and different amounts conditioner soil pH is than contrasting raising scope between 7.6%～21.64%. AddEnter different amount conditioners, soil silica-alumina ratio is all increasing in varying degrees to some extent, and increase scope is 5.15%-56.14%. CanSee, adding of conditioner can improve acid ground, and effect is remarkable.
Aspect volume increase and economic benefit, the processing of use soil conditioner all, compared with space management, shows volume increaseEffect, amount of increase in production 5.81%-44.45%; Compared with using potassium chloride processing, in the test of two, Xue Mei village, show as withUse the yield level of 60kg soil conditioner processing suitable, all increase production more than 10% compared with space management.
Different amounts conditioner can increase water spinach Vc content in various degree, remarkable with contrast difference, different amounts conditioningAgent is put forward the amplitude of high Vc content between 2.34%～19.86%. Soil conditioner is respectively processed water spinach nitrate content shadowRing little.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for soil conditioner, this soil conditioner be in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process intermediate products again shouldWith, concrete steps are as follows:
Step (1): by the calcium nitrate coarse crystallization body Ca (NO producing in Phosphate Fertilizer Production process3)2.4H2O filter cake mixes with water,The mass ratio mixing is 1: 1.5-2.0, stir, and make Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution;
Step (2): by Ca (OH)2With CaCl2、KNO3Mix, mixing quality ratio is 2-2.5: 1: 0.3-0.5 makes precipitating reagent;
Step (3): the Ca (NO making in step (1)3)2.4H2In O solution, Ca (NO3)2.4H2O solution and step (2) makePrecipitating reagent is 1000-2000 according to mass ratio: 1 ratio, add precipitating reagent, and rapid stirring, and add the HCl of 0.01mol/LOr NaOH solution, make pH remain on 8.0-8.5, make the PO in solution4 3-、F-Form respectively Ca with plumbous, cadmium3(PO4)2、CaF2、K2SiF6And Pb (OH)2、Cd(OH)2Precipitation, filters, and makes clean calcium nitrate filtrate;
Step (4): pass into NH in the clean calcium nitrate filtrate making in step (3)3And CO2Fully stir, and add 0.01mol/The HCl of L or NaOH solution, make pH be controlled at 7.0, filters; Wherein the mol ratio of NH3 and calcium nitrate is 2-3: 1; CO2With the mol ratio of calcium nitrate be 4-6: 1;
Step (5): the filtrate after filtering in step (4) is returned to Ca (NO again3)2.4H2In O solution, produce again;
Step (6): the sediment Main Ingredients and Appearance after step (4) is filtered is calcium carbonate;
Step (7): the sediment after step (4) is filtered, under 70-80 DEG C of condition, is dried processing; Step (8):Dry sediment after treatment in step (7) is added to nourishing additive agent, stir, make soil conditioner.
2. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein nourishing additive agent be potassium chloride, magnesium carbonate,Na2SiO3, one or more in borax, copper sulphate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate or ferrous sulfate.
3. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 2, when nourishing additive agent is wherein potassium chloride, step(7) in, the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and potassium chloride is 10-15: 1.
4. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 2, when nourishing additive agent is wherein magnesium carbonate, step(7) in, the mass ratio of dry sediment after treatment and magnesium carbonate is 5-8: 1.
5. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 2, nourishing additive agent is wherein Na2SiO3Time, step(7) in, dry sedimentary mass ratio after treatment is 3-5: 1.
6. the preparation method of soil conditioner according to claim 2, nourishing additive agent be wherein borax, copper sulphate,When ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate or ferrous sulfate, the matter of dry sediment after treatment and nourishing additive agent in step (7)Amount is than being 20-25: 1.
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| CN114349580A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-04-15 | 天脊煤化工集团股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner prepared from nitrophosphate fertilizer by-product and granulation method thereof |
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