CN103584846A - Pulse signal detection method and blood pressure measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Pulse signal detection method and blood pressure measurement apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103584846A
CN103584846A CN201310543881.7A CN201310543881A CN103584846A CN 103584846 A CN103584846 A CN 103584846A CN 201310543881 A CN201310543881 A CN 201310543881A CN 103584846 A CN103584846 A CN 103584846A
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air bag
pulse signal
pressure
upstream
downstream
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CN103584846B (en
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陈云权
周萌
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Yasunao Medical Technology (danyang) Co Ltd
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Yasunao Medical Technology (danyang) Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/090344 priority patent/WO2015067173A1/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a blood pressure measurement apparatus. The blood pressure measurement apparatus comprises a sleeve and a host connected with the sleeve. An upstream balloon and a downstream balloon are located on the flowing upstream and the flowing downstream of artery blood of the detected body, the downstream balloon is used for detecting change information of pulse signals, blood flow pulse changes caused by pressure changes of the upstream balloon are sensed in real time, and a microprocessor controls an air pump and an air release valve and processes pressure values, pulse signals or pressure values and pulse signals of one or two of the upstream balloon and the downstream balloon, wherein the pressure values, the pulse signals or the pressure values and pulse signals of one or two of the upstream balloon and the downstream balloon are detected by one or two of a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor respectively or simultaneously. According to the blood pressure measurement apparatus, the two inflating balloons are bonded to the limbs to perform pressurizing, pressure and pulse signals in the blood pressure measurement apparatus can be effectively detected, and thus blood pressure can be measured accurately and reliably, and measurement results are stable.

Description

A kind of pulse signal detection method and blood pressure measuring device
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, concrete relate to a kind of blood pressure measuring device that detects the method for arterial blood pulse signal and use the method, especially a kind of by two inflatable bladders the upstream and downstream of a limbs position blood flow simultaneously detected pressures and pulse signal method and take the method as basic blood pressure measuring device.
Background technology
One of method that blood pressure measurement is the most frequently used is to adopt a kind of cuff with an inflatable bladders, by pressurization, first human body limb artery blood flow is blocked, then slowly decompression, in decompression process, the Ke Shi sound producing when detecting blood flow by blocking-up district, or the information such as the strong and weak changing value of the pulse wave signal that produces in cuff of arterial pressure, determine systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of arterial blood.Patent No. CN201010247968.6, the patent documentation that title is " a kind of Woundless blood pressure measuring device and measuring method thereof " has been introduced a kind of use pulse wave probe and has been detected cuff downstream arterial pulse signal, thereby determines the sphygomanometer of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.This pulse wave probe detects cuff downstream arterial pulse signal by pressure inductor or photoelectric sensor, the patent No. is CN201220159276.0, the patent documentation that title is " a kind of pair of air bag bandage " has been introduced the two air bag oversleeves of a kind of binary articulated, described cuff has upstream air bag bandage body and downstream air bag bandage body, and described upstream air bag bandage body is that 30cm is fixedly connected with interior with described downstream air bag bandage body according to artery blood flow direction spacing.Described downstream air bag bandage body is for detection of tested limbs downstream blood liquid flow pulses, and determines the pressure of tested limb artery blood with this.
Prior art not yet solves upstream and downstream air bag bandage and should pressurize and be pressurized to which kind of degree of pressure by which kind of mode, the blood flow pulse that can be used for measuring tested limbs blood pressure could in upstream and downstream air bag bandage, be detected most effectively, thereby accurately, the problem of Measure blood pressure reliably.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of accurate, reliable sphygomanometer, particularly provide a kind of two inflatable bladders to colligation on limbs to carry out pneumatic compression, to effectively detect the method for pulse signal wherein, and the device that uses the method Measurement accuracy sphygomanometer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of blood pressure measuring device of the present invention, measuring device is for measuring arteriotony by measured's limbs position, and measuring device comprises
Two aerating gasbag upstream air bags and downstream air bag; Upstream air bag from downstream air bag in same cuff or in two different cufves that are connected or in two different cufves that are not connected, cuff is used for being bundled in tested limbs;
Two with upstream air bag with faint breath capsule in one or two respectively or pressure transducer the first pressure transducer and second pressure transducer of being connected simultaneously;
A microprocessor, microprocessor is carried out the blood pressure measurement process comprising the following steps:
A) downstream gasbag pressurizes is arrived to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in the air bag of downstream when this force value be greater than a set-point;
B) upstream air bag is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
C) upstream air bag is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, and measure the pulse signal in the air bag of downstream by the second pressure transducer simultaneously, according to the relation between the air pressure in pulse signal and upstream air bag, determine tested auterial diastole pressure.
Further improvement of the present invention is: in steps A) in, by downstream gasbag pressurizes to force value between the systolic pressure of tested tremulous pulse and diastolic pressure with downstream gasbag pressurizes is subtracted to the method that 10mmHg and average pressure value add a force value between 20mmHg to the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse is to be all in to the process of downstream gasbag pressurizes, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in the air bag of downstream, when pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization; With by downstream gasbag pressurizes to force value, so that the pulse signal amplitude detecting in the air bag of downstream when this force value is greater than the method for a set-point, be, by in to the process of downstream gasbag pressurizes, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in the air bag of downstream, when pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization;
In steps A) in, pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, be preferably 1.5mmHg.
At step B) in, the method that upstream air bag is pressurized to higher than a force value of tested systolic arterial pressure is, in to the process of upstream gasbag pressurizes, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in the air bag of Real-Time Monitoring downstream, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization.
Further improvement of the present invention is: by downstream gasbag pressurizes to force value, the method that the pulse signal amplitude that makes to detect in the air bag of downstream when this force value is greater than a set-point is, to downstream air bag segmentation pressurization, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in the air bag of downstream, when pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, to the segmented objects of downstream air bag segmentation pressurization, be: 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg.
Further improvement of the present invention is: at step C) in, at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, and by the time of origin of first pulse signal in the second pressure transducer measurement downstream air bag, air pressure described in changing from small to big while finally no longer changing according to described pulse signal in the air bag of upstream, determines that tested auterial diastole presses.
Further improvement of the present invention is: at step C) at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, and measure the pulse signal in the air bag of downstream by the second pressure transducer, according to one of following parameters of described pulse signal atmospheric pressure value in the air bag of upstream while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested arterial blood diastolic pressure: product, the area of the front half-wave time width of pulse signal, rear half-wave time width, all-wave time width, amplitude, amplitude and above-mentioned random time width.
A detection method, the method is for detection of the air pressure in the cuff being bundled on tested limbs and pulse signal and interrelationship, and pulse signal detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) upstream air bag and downstream air bag are bundled on tested limbs, upstream air bag with downstream air bag in same cuff or in two different cufves that are connected or in two different cufves that are not connected, upstream air bag and downstream air bag lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of tested limb artery blood flow;
(2) the first pressure transducer and the second pressure transducer are joined respectively or simultaneously by one or two in gas UNICOM parts and upstream air bag and downstream air bag;
(3) downstream gasbag pressurizes is arrived to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in the air bag of downstream when this force value be greater than a set-point;
(4) upstream air bag is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
(5) upstream air bag is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, and measure the pulse signal in the air bag of downstream by the second pressure transducer, thereby measure the relation between atmospheric pressure value in time of described pulse signal or range parameter and upstream air bag simultaneously.
Further improvement of the present invention is:
In step (3), by downstream gasbag pressurizes to the systolic pressure of tested tremulous pulse and the method for a force value between diastolic pressure with downstream gasbag pressurizes is subtracted to the method that 10mmHg and average pressure value add a force value between 20mmHg to the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse be, in to the process of downstream gasbag pressurizes, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in the air bag of downstream, when pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, with by downstream gasbag pressurizes to force value, so that the pulse signal amplitude detecting in the air bag of downstream when this force value is greater than the method for a set-point, be, by in to the process of downstream gasbag pressurizes, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in the air bag of downstream, when pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization,
In step (4), the method that upstream air bag is pressurized to higher than a force value of tested systolic arterial pressure is, in to the process of upstream gasbag pressurizes, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in the air bag of Real-Time Monitoring downstream, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization; Pulse signal amplitude set-point is a value between 1.3mmHg-1.8 mmHg, is preferably 1.5mmHg.
By downstream gasbag pressurizes to force value, the method that the pulse signal amplitude that makes to detect in the air bag of downstream when this force value is greater than a set-point is, to downstream air bag segmentation pressurization, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal that in the air bag of downstream, air pressure signal carries, when pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the segmented objects of downstream air bag segmentation pressurization is, 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg and 200mmHg.
Further improvement of the present invention is: at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, and measure the pulse signal in the air bag of downstream by the second pressure transducer, thereby measure the air pressure in the air bag of upstream when the little change of described pulse signal finally no longer changes greatly.
Further improvement of the present invention is: at upstream air bag, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer, measure the air pressure constantly changing in the air bag of upstream, atmospheric pressure value described in changing from small to big while finally no longer changing according to one of following parameters of described pulse signal in the air bag of upstream, determines tested arterial blood diastolic pressure: product, the area of the front half-wave time width of pulse signal, rear half-wave time width, all-wave time width, amplitude, amplitude and above-mentioned random time width.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the device of Measure blood pressure provided by the invention is that two aerating gasbags of colligation pressurize on limbs, effectively detect pressure and pulse signal wherein, thus Measure blood pressure accurately and reliably, and measurement result is stable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the plane outspread drawing of the two fan-shaped oversleeves of air bag of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the two fan-shaped oversleeves of air bag of the present invention are for the use schematic diagram of hands forearm.
Fig. 3 is blood pressure measuring device connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is blood pressure measuring device connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is blood pressure measuring device connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is reduce pressure measurement method systolic pressure and diastolic pressure pulse signal sequential chart of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is 6A part enlarged drawing in Fig. 6 of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-upstream air bag, 2-downstream air bag, 3-the first pressure transducer, 4-main frame, 5-the second pressure transducer, 6-air pump, 7-gas bleeder valve, 8-oversleeve, 9-upstream trachea, 10-downstream trachea.
The specific embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, this embodiment, only for explaining the present invention, does not form and limits protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1-7, the present invention is a kind of blood pressure measuring device, described measuring device is for measuring arteriotony by measured's limbs position, the described pair of fan-shaped oversleeve 8 of air bag can be a two fan-shaped oversleeve of air bag, can be also the effect that two common oversleeves replace respectively upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2.
Embodiment mono-, by decompression method, measure pulse signal and diastolic pressure
The present invention is a kind of blood pressure measuring device, described blood pressure measuring device comprises oversleeve 8 and the main frame 4 being connected with described oversleeve 8, described oversleeve 8 is two fan-shaped oversleeves of air bag, the described pair of fan-shaped oversleeve of air bag is the two tracheas of band and upstream air bag 1 and the cuff on tested limbs that is bundled in of two gas cells of downstream air bag 2, described upstream air bag 1 and described downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of tested limb artery blood flow, it is mobile that after binding, described upstream air bag 1 is fixed on wrist pulse upstream blocking-up measured elbow arterial blood, and be connected with the upstream air bag interface on described main frame 4, described downstream air bag 2 is fixed on the downstream portion of arterial blood flow direction and surveys wrist beat pulse and be connected with the downstream air bag interface on described main frame 4, described downstream air bag 2 is for surveying the change information of pulse signal, the variation of the blood flow pulse that real-time sensing is produced by the pressure variation of described upstream air bag 1, described main frame 4 comprises a microprocessor and the interpersonal interactive interface that comprises keyboard and display being connected with described microprocessor, described main frame 4 also comprises air pump 6, gas bleeder valve 7, described main frame 4 also comprises the first pressure transducer 3 and the second pressure transducer 5, described the first pressure transducer 3 and the second pressure transducer 5 join respectively or simultaneously by one or two of gas UNICOM parts and described upstream air bag 1 and described downstream air bag 2, described air pump 6 is that at least one is for the air pump 6 of one or two inflation of described upstream air bag 1 and described downstream air bag 2, described gas bleeder valve 7 be for to described upstream air bag 1 and described downstream air bag 2 one or two at a slow speed or the gas bleeder valve 7 of quick air releasing, described microprocessor is controlled described air pump 6, gas bleeder valve 7 and process by one or two in the first pressure transducer 3 and the second pressure transducer 5 and detect respectively or simultaneously the force value in one or two in described upstream air bag 1 and described downstream air bag 2, pulse signal, or force value and pulse signal, in described microprocessor, be provided with and control and data processor, described control and handling procedure are carried out the blood pressure measurement process comprising the following steps:
A) described downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in described downstream air bag 2 when this force value be greater than a set-point;
B) upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
C) upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and measure the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5 simultaneously, according to the relation between the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested auterial diastole pressure.
Scheme one, as shown in Fig. 3 and 6-7, measures diastolic pressure and pulse signal by decompression method, comprises the steps:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the second gas bleeder valve cuts out, air bag 2 inflations downstream of the second air pump, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, upstream air bag 1 inflation of the first air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) control the first gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, the described method of determining that tested auterial diastole is pressed has 6 kinds, respectively as step 6-1), 6-2), 6-3), 6-4), 6-5) and 6-6):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the amplitude of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, obtain A10<A11<A12<A13=A 14=A15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first amplitude of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the time width of the described pulse signal all-wave air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the all-wave time width d0 of p14 and p15, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, obtain d0<d1<d2<d3=d4=d5, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first all-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-3) at gas upstream capsule 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal in logical the second excess pressure sensor 5 measurement downstream air bags 2, according to the front half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the front half-wave time width d6 of p14 and p15, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, obtain d6<d7<d8<d9=d10=d 11, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first front half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-4) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the rear half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the rear half-wave time width d12 of p14 and p15, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, obtain d12<d13<d14<d15=d 16=d17, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first rear half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-5) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the area S10 of p14 and p15, S11, S12, S13, S14 and S15, obtain S10< S11< S12< S13=S14=S15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first area of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-6) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, all-wave time width d0, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, front half-wave time width d6, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, rear half-wave time width d12, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, pulse signal amplitude in downstream air bag 2 and the product of above-mentioned random time width, be A10*d0<A11*d1<A12*d2LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d3=A14*d4=A15*d5, or A10*d6<A11*d7<A12*d8LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d9=A14*d10=A15*d11, or A10*d12<A11*d13<A12*d14LEssT.L TssT.LTA13*d15=A14*d16=A15*d17, measurement occurs constantly at first maximum and constant pulse signal of the product of described pulse signal amplitude and above-mentioned random time width, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
8) open the first gas bleeder valve and the second gas bleeder valve, lose heart to upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2.
As shown in Fig. 6-7, the atmospheric pressure value of t13 upstream air bag 1 is constantly the diastolic pressure of tested tremulous pulse.
Scheme two: as shown in figure Fig. 4, use decompression method to measure device and the measuring method of diastolic pressure and pulse signal
Diastolic pressure and pulse signal detection method comprise the steps:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, and the first switch valve cuts out, and second switch valve is opened, air bag 2 inflations downstream of the first air pump, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, and second switch valve cuts out, and the first switch valve is opened, upstream air bag 1 inflation of the first air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) control the first gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, the described method of determining that tested auterial diastole is pressed has 6 kinds, respectively as step 6-1), 6-2), 6-3), 6-4), 6-5) and 6-6):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the amplitude of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, obtain A10<A11<A12<A13=A 14=A15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first amplitude of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the time width of the described pulse signal all-wave air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the all-wave time width d0 of p14 and p15, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, obtain d0<d1<d2<d3=d4=d5, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first all-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-3) at gas upstream capsule 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal in logical the second excess pressure sensor 5 measurement downstream air bags 2, according to the front half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the front half-wave time width d6 of p14 and p15, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, obtain d6<d7<d8<d9=d10=d 11, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first front half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-4) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the rear half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the rear half-wave time width d12 of p14 and p15, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, obtain d12<d13<d14<d15=d 16=d17, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first rear half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-5) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the area S10 of p14 and p15, S11, S12, S13, S14 and S15, obtain S10< S11< S12< S13=S14=S15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first area of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-6) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, all-wave time width d0, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, front half-wave time width d6, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, rear half-wave time width d12, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, pulse signal amplitude in downstream air bag 2 and the product of above-mentioned random time width, be A10*d0<A11*d1<A12*d2LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d3=A14*d4=A15*d5, or A10*d6<A11*d7<A12*d8LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d9=A14*d10=A15*d11, or A10*d12<A11*d13<A12*d14LEssT.L TssT.LTA13*d15=A14*d16=A15*d17, measurement occurs constantly at first maximum and constant pulse signal of the product of described pulse signal amplitude and above-mentioned random time width, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
8) open the first gas bleeder valve, close the first switch valve, open second switch valve, lose heart to upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2.
Scheme three: as shown in Figure 5, use decompression method to measure the method for diastolic pressure and pulse signal, comprise the steps:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the path of three-way air valve UNICOM downstream air bag 2 and air pump is also blocked the path of upstream air bag 1, and air pump is to air bag 2 inflations, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) gas bleeder valve cuts out, and the path of three-way air valve UNICOM upstream air bag 1 and air pump is also blocked the path of downstream air bag 2, upstream air bag 1 inflation of air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) control the first gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, the described method of determining that tested auterial diastole is pressed has 6 kinds, respectively as step 6-1), 6-2), 6-3), 6-4), 6-5) and 6-6):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the amplitude of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, obtain A10<A11<A12<A13=A 14=A15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first amplitude of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the time width of the described pulse signal all-wave air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the all-wave time width d0 of p14 and p15, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, obtain d0<d1<d2<d3=d4=d5, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first all-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-3) at gas upstream capsule 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal in logical the second excess pressure sensor 5 measurement downstream air bags 2, according to the front half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the front half-wave time width d6 of p14 and p15, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, obtain d6<d7<d8<d9=d10=d 11, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first front half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-4) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the rear half-wave time width of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the rear half-wave time width d12 of p14 and p15, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, obtain d12<d13<d14<d15=d 16=d17, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first rear half-wave time width of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-5) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the area S10 of p14 and p15, S11, S12, S13, S14 and S15, obtain S10< S11< S12< S13=S14=S15, measurement occurs constantly at the maximum and constant pulse signal of first area of described pulse signal, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
6-6) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the area of the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag 1 while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big, determine tested auterial diastole pressure, for example, as Fig. 7, pulse signal p10 in the downstream air bag 2 detecting, p11, p12, p13, the amplitude A 10 of p14 and p15, A11, A12, A13, A14 and A15, all-wave time width d0, d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5, front half-wave time width d6, d7, d8, d9, d10 and d11, rear half-wave time width d12, d13, d14, d15, d16 and d17, pulse signal amplitude in downstream air bag 2 and the product of above-mentioned random time width, be A10*d0<A11*d1<A12*d2LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d3=A14*d4=A15*d5, or A10*d6<A11*d7<A12*d8LEssT.LTss T.LTA13*d9=A14*d10=A15*d11, or A10*d12<A11*d13<A12*d14LEssT.L TssT.LTA13*d15=A14*d16=A15*d17, measurement occurs constantly at first maximum and constant pulse signal of the product of described pulse signal amplitude and above-mentioned random time width, it is the t13 atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly, this atmospheric pressure value is tested auterial diastole and presses,
8) open gas bleeder valve, the path of three-way air valve UNICOM upstream air bag 1 and air pump is also blocked the path of downstream air bag 2, give the path that upstream air bag 1 loses heart ，Zai Jiang three-way air valve UNICOM downstream air bag 2 and air pump the path of blocking upstream air bag 1, lose heart to downstream air bag 2.
Embodiment bis-, use decompression method are measured the apparatus and method of systolic pressure and pulse signal
Device of the present invention is also applicable to the detection of the pulse signal of systolic pressure,
In microprocessor, be provided with and control and data processor, described control and handling procedure are carried out the blood pressure measurement process comprising the following steps:
A) described downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in described downstream air bag 2 when this force value be greater than a set-point;
B) upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
C) upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and the pulse signal of measuring in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer 5, according to the air pressure in upstream air bag 1 when described pulse signal occurs, determine tested systolic arterial pressure.
Scheme one: as shown in Figure 3, use decompression method to measure the method for systolic pressure pulse signal and blood pressure, comprise step:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the second gas bleeder valve cuts out, air bag 2 inflations downstream of the second air pump, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, upstream air bag 1 inflation of the first air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) first control gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and measure the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, the method of described definite tested systolic arterial pressure has 2 kinds, respectively as step 6-1) and 6-2):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the time of origin of first pulse signal in the second pressure transducer 5 detection downstream air bags 2, according to the air pressure in upstream air bag 1 when described first pulse signal occurs, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, for example, the generation of the peak value of first pulse signal in the downstream air bag 2 that measurement detects constantly, with the atmospheric pressure value of measurement at the generation moment of the peak value of described first pulse signal upstream air bag 1, the atmospheric pressure value of described upstream air bag 1 is tested systolic arterial pressure, or and measurement is at the atmospheric pressure value of the generation moment of described peak value upstream air bag 1, with generation at described peak value former and later two atmospheric pressure values of upstream air bags 1 constantly constantly, the meansigma methods of getting these 3 values is tested systolic arterial pressure,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the second pressure transducer 5, measure amplitude and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal in downstream air bags 2, with the atmospheric pressure value in upstream air bag 1 when first occurs with second pulse signal, determine tested arterial blood systolic pressure, for example measure in the downstream air bag 2 detect peak value and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal, with two atmospheric pressure values measuring in the time of origin upstream air bag 1 of the peak value of described first and second pulse signal, according to first and the peak value of second pulse signal and the time of origin of the previous pulse wave not detecting that time of origin is extrapolated first pulse wave signal of above-mentioned surveyed downstream air bag 2, again according to two atmospheric pressure values in the time of origin of the extrapolated previous pulse wave not detecting and above-mentioned surveyed upstream air bag 1, extrapolate the generation atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly of the previous pulse wave not detecting of downstream air bag 2 first pulse wave signals, this atmospheric pressure value is tested systolic arterial pressure,
8) open the first gas bleeder valve and the second gas bleeder valve, lose heart to upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2.
In Fig. 6, t0-t4 is shown as this device and by decompression method, detects the sequential chart of systolic pressure pulse signal.
Scheme two: the method for using as shown in Figure 4 decompression method to measure systolic pressure pulse signal and Measure blood pressure comprises the following steps:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, and the first switch valve cuts out, and second switch valve is opened, and the first air pump is to air bag 2 inflations, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) the first gas bleeder valve cuts out, and second switch valve cuts out, and the first switch valve is opened, upstream air bag 1 inflation of the first air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) control the first gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and measure the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, the method of described definite tested systolic arterial pressure has 2 kinds, respectively as step 6-1) and 6-2):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the time of origin of first pulse signal in the second pressure transducer 5 detection downstream air bags 2, according to the air pressure in upstream air bag 1 when described first pulse signal occurs, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, for example, the generation of the peak value of first pulse signal in the downstream air bag 2 that measurement detects constantly, with the atmospheric pressure value of measurement at the generation moment of the peak value of described first pulse signal upstream air bag 1, the atmospheric pressure value of described upstream air bag 1 is tested systolic arterial pressure, or and measurement is at the atmospheric pressure value of the generation moment of described peak value upstream air bag 1, with generation at described peak value former and later two atmospheric pressure values of upstream air bags 1 constantly constantly, the meansigma methods of getting these 3 values is tested systolic arterial pressure,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the second pressure transducer 5, measure amplitude and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal in downstream air bags 2, with the atmospheric pressure value in upstream air bag 1 when first occurs with second pulse signal, determine tested arterial blood systolic pressure, for example measure in the downstream air bag 2 detect peak value and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal, with two atmospheric pressure values measuring in the time of origin upstream air bag 1 of the peak value of described first and second pulse signal, according to first and the peak value of second pulse signal and the time of origin of the previous pulse wave not detecting that time of origin is extrapolated first pulse wave signal of above-mentioned surveyed downstream air bag 2, again according to two atmospheric pressure values in the time of origin of the extrapolated previous pulse wave not detecting and above-mentioned surveyed upstream air bag 1, extrapolate the generation atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly of the previous pulse wave not detecting of downstream air bag 2 first pulse wave signals, this atmospheric pressure value is tested systolic arterial pressure,
8) open the first gas bleeder valve and close the first switch valve, open second switch valve, lose heart to upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2.
Scheme three: as shown in Figure 5, the method for using decompression method to measure systolic pressure pulse signal and Measure blood pressure comprises the steps:
1) by a two fan-shaped cuff of air bag, or the non-fan-shaped cuff of two air bags, or two joining cufves, or two not joining cufves are bound on tested limbs, wherein upstream air bag 1 and downstream air bag 2 lay respectively at the upstream and downstream of limb artery blood flow, and upstream air bag 1 is connected with downstream air bag interface with the upstream air bag interface on main frame 4 with downstream trachea 10 by upstream trachea 9 respectively with downstream air bag 2;
2) press the start key of main frame 4 keyboards, the path of three-way air valve UNICOM downstream air bag 2 and air pump is also blocked the path of upstream air bag 1, and air pump is to air bag 2 inflations, and the air pressure of downstream air bag 2 slowly increases from zero;
3) this step has 4 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 3-1), 3-2), 3-3) and 3-4):
3-1) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure;
3-2) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization, the mean blood pressure value that now downstream air bag 2 is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg;
3-3) in to the process of downstream air bag 2 pressurizations, detect in real time the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
3-4) to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the described segmented objects to the 2 segmentation pressurizations of downstream air bag is 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg, described pulse signal amplitude set-point be 1.3mmHg to a value between 1.8mmHg, preferred pulse signal amplitude set-point is 1.5mmHg;
4) gas bleeder valve cuts out, and the path of three-way air valve UNICOM upstream air bag 1 and air pump is also blocked the path of downstream air bag 2, upstream air bag 1 inflation of air pump, and air bag 1 pressure in upstream increases from zero;
5) this step has 2 kinds of embodiments, respectively as step 5-1) and 5-2):
5-1) in to the process of upstream air bag 1 pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag 2, instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule 2 with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag 1 from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
5-2) to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag, the described segmented objects to the 1 segmentation pressurization of upstream air bag is 180mmHg, 240mmHg, 280mmHg, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2, after described pulse signal disappears, stop pressurization, now upstream air bag 1 is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
6) control gas bleeder valve, upstream air bag 1 is slowly lost heart, at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and measure the pulse signal in downstream air bag 2 by the second pressure transducer, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and upstream air bag 1, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, the method of described definite tested systolic arterial pressure has 2 kinds, respectively as step 6-1) and 6-2):
6-1) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the time of origin of first pulse signal in the second pressure transducer 5 detection downstream air bags 2, according to the air pressure in upstream air bag 1 when described first pulse signal occurs, determine tested systolic arterial pressure, for example, the generation of the peak value of first pulse signal in the downstream air bag 2 that measurement detects constantly, with the atmospheric pressure value of measurement at the generation moment of the peak value of described first pulse signal upstream air bag 1, the atmospheric pressure value of described upstream air bag 1 is tested systolic arterial pressure, or and measurement is at the atmospheric pressure value of the generation moment of described peak value upstream air bag 1, with generation at described peak value former and later two atmospheric pressure values of upstream air bags 1 constantly constantly, the meansigma methods of getting these 3 values is tested systolic arterial pressure,
6-2) at upstream air bag 1, slowly lose heart in process, by the first pressure transducer 3, measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag 1, and by the second pressure transducer 5, measure amplitude and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal in downstream air bags 2, with the atmospheric pressure value in upstream air bag 1 when first occurs with second pulse signal, determine tested arterial blood systolic pressure, for example measure in the downstream air bag 2 detect peak value and the time of origin of first and second pulse signal, with two atmospheric pressure values measuring in the time of origin upstream air bag 1 of the peak value of described first and second pulse signal, according to first and the peak value of second pulse signal and the time of origin of the previous pulse wave not detecting that time of origin is extrapolated first pulse wave signal of above-mentioned surveyed downstream air bag 2, again according to two atmospheric pressure values in the time of origin of the extrapolated previous pulse wave not detecting and above-mentioned surveyed upstream air bag 1, extrapolate the generation atmospheric pressure value of upstream air bag 1 constantly of the previous pulse wave not detecting of downstream air bag 2 first pulse wave signals, this atmospheric pressure value is tested systolic arterial pressure,
8) open gas bleeder valve, the path of three-way air valve UNICOM upstream air bag 1 and air pump is also blocked the path of downstream air bag 2, give the path that upstream air bag 1 loses heart ，Zai Jiang three-way air valve UNICOM downstream air bag 2 and air pump the path of blocking upstream air bag 1, lose heart to downstream air bag 2.
The device of Measure blood pressure provided by the invention is that two aerating gasbags of colligation pressurize on limbs, have and the most effectively at upstream and downstream air bag bandage, the blood flow pulse that can be used for tested limbs blood pressure detected, effectively detect the wherein signal of pulse, Measure blood pressure, and measurement result is accurately and reliably stable.

Claims (10)

1. a blood pressure measuring device, described measuring device, for measuring arteriotony by measured's limbs position, is characterized in that: described measuring device comprises
Two aerating gasbag upstream air bags (1) with and downstream air bag (2); Described upstream air bag (1) with downstream air bag (2) in same cuff or in two different cufves that are connected or in two different cufves that are not connected, described cuff is used for being bundled in described limbs;
Two with in described upstream air bag (1) and downstream air bag (2) one or two respectively or pressure transducer the first pressure transducer (3) and second pressure transducer (5) of being connected simultaneously;
A microprocessor, described microprocessor is carried out the blood pressure measurement process comprising the following steps:
A) described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in described downstream air bag (2) when this force value be greater than a set-point;
B) described upstream air bag (1) is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
C) described upstream air bag (1) is slowly lost heart, at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in described upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5) simultaneously, according to the air pressure in described pulse signal and described upstream air bag (1), determine tested auterial diastole pressure.
2. a kind of blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described steps A) in, described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to force value between the systolic pressure of tested tremulous pulse and diastolic pressure and the mean blood pressure value that described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse is subtracted to the method that 10mmHg and average pressure value add a force value between 20mmHg is in to the process of described downstream air bag (2) pressurization, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in described downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization; With downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value, so that the pulse signal amplitude detecting in downstream air bag (2) when this force value is greater than the method for a set-point, be, will be in to the process of described downstream air bag (2) pressurization, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in described downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization;
In described steps A) in, described pulse signal amplitude set-point is that 1.3mmHg is to value, preferably a 1.5mmHg between 1.8mmHg;
At described step B) in, the method that described upstream air bag (1) is pressurized to higher than a force value of tested systolic arterial pressure is, in to the process of described upstream air bag (1) pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag (2), pulse signal amplitude in described downstream air bag (2) with the increase of the air pressure of described upstream air bag (1) from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization.
3. a kind of blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value, the method that the pulse signal amplitude that makes to detect in downstream air bag (2) when this force value is greater than a set-point is, downstream air bag (2) segmentation is pressurizeed, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than set-point, stop pressurization, the segmented objects of described downstream air bag (2) segmentation pressurization is: 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg, 200mmHg.
4. a kind of blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at described step C) in, at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in described upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5), air pressure described in changing from small to big while finally no longer changing according to described pulse signal in upstream air bag (1), determines that tested auterial diastole presses.
5. a kind of blood pressure measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at described step C) at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in described upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5), atmospheric pressure value described in changing from small to big while finally no longer changing according to one of following parameters of described pulse signal in upstream air bag (1), determine tested arterial blood diastolic pressure: half-wave time width before pulse signal, rear half-wave time width, all-wave time width, amplitude, the product of amplitude and above-mentioned random time width, area.
6. a pulse signal detection method, the method, for detection of the air pressure in the cuff being bundled on tested limbs and pulse signal and interrelationship, is characterized in that: described pulse signal detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) by a upstream air bag (1) and once faint breath capsule (2) be bundled on tested limbs, described upstream air bag (1) with described downstream air bag (2) in same cuff or in two different cufves that are connected or in two different cufves that are not connected;
(2) one or two in the first pressure transducer (3) and the second pressure transducer (5) and described upstream air bag (1) and described downstream air bag (2) joined respectively or simultaneously;
(3) described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value between tested systolic arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, or the mean blood pressure value of tested tremulous pulse subtracts 10mmHg and average pressure value adds a force value between 20mmHg, or a force value, makes the pulse signal amplitude detecting in described downstream air bag (2) when this force value be greater than a set-point;
(4) described upstream air bag (1) is pressurized to a force value higher than tested systolic arterial pressure;
(5) described upstream air bag (1) is slowly lost heart, at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5), thereby measure the relation between atmospheric pressure value in time of described pulse signal or range parameter and described upstream air bag (1).
7. a kind of pulse signal detection method according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
In described step (3), described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to the systolic pressure of tested tremulous pulse and the method for a force value between diastolic pressure and the mean blood pressure value that described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to tested tremulous pulse is subtracted to the method that 10mmHg and average pressure value add a force value between 20mmHg and be, in to the process of described downstream air bag (2) pressurization, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in described downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to maximum by zero, while then starting to decline, stop pressurization; With described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value, so that the pulse signal amplitude detecting in described downstream air bag (2) when this force value is greater than the method for a set-point, be, will be in to the process of described downstream air bag (2) pressurization, detect in real time the entrained pulse signal of air pressure signal in described downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is increased to while being greater than set-point by zero, stop pressurization;
In described step (4), the method that described upstream air bag (1) is pressurized to higher than a force value of tested systolic arterial pressure is, in to the process of upstream air bag (1) pressurization, the variation of the pulse signal amplitude in Real-Time Monitoring downstream air bag (2), instantly the pulse signal amplitude in faint breath capsule (2) with the increase of the air pressure of upstream air bag (1) from diminishing greatly, while finally disappearing, stop pressurization, described pulse signal amplitude set-point is a value between 1.3mmHg-1.8 mmHg, is preferably 1.5mmHg.
8. a kind of pulse signal detection method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described downstream air bag (2) is pressurized to a force value, the method that the pulse signal amplitude that makes to detect in described downstream air bag (2) when this force value is greater than described set-point is, described downstream air bag (2) segmentation is pressurizeed, and after each section of pressurization finishes, detect the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2), when described pulse signal amplitude is greater than described set-point, stop pressurization, the segmented objects of described downstream air bag (2) segmentation pressurization is, 80mmHg, 120mmHg, 160mmHg and 200mmHg.
9. a kind of pulse signal detection method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in described upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5), thereby measure the described pulse signal air pressure in upstream air bag (1) while finally no longer changing that changes from small to big.
10. a kind of pulse signal detection method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: at described upstream air bag (1), slowly lose heart in process, by described the first pressure transducer (3), measure the air pressure constantly changing in described upstream air bag (1), and measure the pulse signal in described downstream air bag (2) by described the second pressure transducer (5), atmospheric pressure value described in changing from small to big while finally no longer changing according to one of following parameters of described pulse signal in upstream air bag (1), determine tested arterial blood diastolic pressure: half-wave time width before pulse signal, rear half-wave time width, all-wave time width, amplitude, the product of amplitude and above-mentioned random time width, area.
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