CN103582799A - Device and method for the thermal compensation of weapon barrel - Google Patents
Device and method for the thermal compensation of weapon barrel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103582799A CN103582799A CN201280027160.4A CN201280027160A CN103582799A CN 103582799 A CN103582799 A CN 103582799A CN 201280027160 A CN201280027160 A CN 201280027160A CN 103582799 A CN103582799 A CN 103582799A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- weapon
- temperature
- reel cage
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/44—Insulation jackets; Protective jackets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
- F41A27/30—Stabilisation or compensation systems, e.g. compensating for barrel weight or wind force on the barrel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for the thermal compensation of a weapon barrel of a gun (10) comprising at least one weapon barrel (11) that is mounted in a cradle (3) and in a barrel support (4) as an extension of the cradle (3). Multiple temperature sensors (p1-p16) are integrated in the cradle (3) and the barrel support (4). The sensors are connected to a data box (7) via data lines (6), and the data box (7) is connected to a data processing device (9). The data processing device (9) can act on actuators of the gun (10). The temperature of the cradle (3) and the barrel support (4) is measured by means of the temperature sensors (p1-p16). Then, the temperature differences between the upper and lower sides and the right and left sides of the cradle (3) and of the barrel support (4) are ascertained. The barrel inclination is calculated from said values, and then a compensation for the barrel inclination is carried out by adjusting the alignment of the weapon barrel (11) in azimuth and/or elevation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of weapon, for example, for the transmitting tube of the anti-aerial capstan head weapon of ground-or sea-based.In particular, the present invention relates to a kind of weapon pipe being bearing in pipe reel cage and pipe support, the directed motion in pipe support of wherein said pipe reel cage, to realize stabilisation, guiding and Vibrant buffer, described pipe support is at a plurality of position carry or supporting weapon pipe.
Background technology
Weapon generally includes underframe, turntable and with the pipe reel cage of pipe support, weapon piping support is (EP1 154 219A) in described pipe support.When sunshine incident, the upside of pipe reel cage can bear larger temperature and improve, and does not receive that on the contrary very little temperature rising only occurs the downside of sunshine incident.The temperature difference forming like this can cause managing different heat expansion between the upside of reel cage and downside, thereby can cause having leaves original tubular axis line on the weapon Guan Qi free end of certain length I and deflect down certain angle δ.This deflection depends primarily on ambient influnence and weather effect and can obviously affect the hit probability of weapon.
For example, when rising in day or weapon is mainly subject to shining upon from the side at sunset or owing to making weapon side windward be subject to stronger cooling wind than leeward side, this hot difference also can occur in side direction.This in actual use effect may occur in combination.
When each transmitting, weapon pipe is because explosion gas is subject to load, simultaneously and because the friction between weapon pipe and projectile produces frictional heat.This causes the temperature of weapon pipe to raise.It when weapon is used in rapid fire, is exactly particularly this situation.Now heat concentrates on blind end and the pipe upside of weapon, and heat transmits towards pipe upside by convection current.This thermograde causing due to transmitting also can cause managing the free-ended deflection of leaving assigned position.
According to the instruction of DE30 05 117, a kind of simple passive solution adopts and is directly sleeved on the protective sleeve on weapon pipe, and described protective sleeve is configured to asymmetric according to the further instruction of DE199 04 417, to eliminate asymmetric intensification.
DE1918 422 discloses a kind of hot protective sleeve being comprised of the metallic sheath of the spacing encirclement gun barrel with very little, and the air layer between weapon pipe and metallic sheath plays heat insulation effect.This solution is static and can not be according to the environmental condition reaction changing.
According to WO97/47939 or US4,753,154 instruction, double walled scabbard for weapon guides working fluid between two jacket layers, to improve, comes the thermal conductance of spontaneous emission to go out.This system is also not modulatedly to save land and work passively.
DE32 19 124 and GB2,328,498 disclose the active heat element being directly installed on weapon pipe.Fire-bar and tubular axis line parallel ground carry out overcompensation to outside temperature effect, and its mode is that described fire-bar is heated to weapon pipe than the temperature of high approximately 10 ℃ of average ambient temperature.Weapon pipe leaves entopic deflection and for example by optical means, determines.Because optical means is easily subject to the impact of mechanical system load when transmitting, this method is to consume energy very much, is again lentissimo simultaneously.
According to DE44 33 627, utilize thermocouple to measure the temperature being caused by transmitting and raise, described thermocouple is arranged in the wall portion that shoots space by blind hole.Hole can affect mechanical stability on the one hand, can not on length of tube, record thermograde on the other hand.
The Japanese summary of JP7-91891 a kind of pipe flexural measurement realizing by optical system of active is disclosed and also disclose simultaneously by the hydraulic cylinder of the two ends effect at weapon pipe, realize to managing crooked compensation.This method is very complicated.In addition, compensation only can be carried out in a plane being formed by the axis of tubular axis line and hydraulic pressure.Therefore can not carry out the generality compensation to azimuth and the elevation angle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of device and a kind of method are provided, even if also can realize the simple and very economical compensation of the pipe bending that thermal conductance is caused during launching by described apparatus and method.
Described object feature by claim 1 aspect device realizes, and the feature by claim 6 aspect method realizes.In each dependent claims, provided favourable form of implementation.
Known weapon pipe is bent downwardly when sunshine incident.This distortion is because the upside of pipe support and reel cage and the temperature difference between downside cause.The described effect of pipe support and the described effect of reel cage can be regarded independent problem as; But in order to determine total pipe tilt quantity should be superposeed (superponieren).
The present invention is therefore with such basis that is contemplated that, that is, serviceability temperature sensor also provides a kind of system for temperature association thus.Described system can be determined the upside of pipe support and the right side of the temperature difference between downside (opposed sensor) and definite pipe support and the temperature difference between left side (opposed sensor) here technically.By described temperature difference, carry out the calculating of pipe gradient.The compensation that pipe is tilted now utilizes tilting value to carry out, and wherein compensates by changing the orientation of weapon pipe on azimuth and/or the elevation angle and realizes.Can adopt the monitoring of temperature sensor and data capsule simultaneously.
Temperature-compensating function as additional parameter for weapon control and especially for the calculating at azimuth and the elevation angle of weapon.The weapon pipe deflection being caused by temperature thus can be directly servomotor by weapon compensate.The method according to this invention is very quick thus; Conventionally can regulate with the speed of several 10 ° per second.
Can during launching, use described method simultaneously.Will weapon from launching ready state, do not proceed to and do not launch ready maintenance state.Improved thus the service time of weapon.
For device according to the present invention, only need to carry out technical change seldom.Substantially at hardware aspect, known temperature sensor is installed and it is connected just enough with data capsule.This device is very economical thus.
The compensation of weapon pipe can not cause new bending moment or stress in weapon pipe.Improved thus the service life of weapon.
The realization of individual individual sensor can compensate by Mathematical Modeling, because can take common Temperature Distribution in pipe reel cage and pipe support, carries out (credible inspection) as basis.But for the situation of a plurality of sensor failures, parser covers different degradation level (R ü ckfallebene).System is stable especially for the inefficacy of indivedual sensing datas thus.
In improvement project of the present invention, record realizing curve and can read described curve for later maintenance work and being stored in weapon computer of temperature correlation function.Thus, the thermic load of weapon is record afterwards, maybe can find the mistake (error) in computational algorithm.
According to temperature range common in military affairs, for the normal working method of practical function, design sensor and data capsule, common described temperature range is between-46 ℃ to+120 ℃.In this temperature range, can measure with sufficiently high resolution ratio and precision.Described resolution ratio and precision are realized by adopted Mathematical Modeling, have proved that in practice the precision of the resolution ratio of 0.1 ° and 0.2 ° is just enough.
Therefore the salient point of described design is:
The very simple measuring method of utilizing traditional temperature sensor to realize; Systematic economy and stable,
There is redundancy in sensor, realized the large fault reliability of system for indivedual sensor failures simultaneously,
By weapon drive unit, realized pipe distortion compensation very fast,
Can during launching, use, even also can use when rapid fire,
Azimuth angle error and elevation angle error that the pipe distortion causing due to thermal conductance causes can compensate,
Can be because measurement means causes mechanical influence to weapon pipe or piping support device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, according to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the gun turret according to prior art,
Fig. 2 is illustrated in pipe reel cage and pipe support has the gun turret according to device of the present invention,
Fig. 3 illustrates the simplification view of the sensor layout of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 illustrates the block diagram of described method.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates traditional capstan head weapon 10, and it has the pipe support 4 of the extension of gun turret 1, underframe 2, pipe reel cage 3 and conduct pipe reel cage 3.Pipe support 4 mainly comprises tubulose truss structure (not being shown specifically) and can equally with whole weapon 10 by containment vessel (not being shown specifically), cover.
According to this weapon 10 of Fig. 2, in the region of pipe reel cage 3 and pipe support 4, be provided with a plurality of temperature sensor p1-pn, preferred quantity is 16.By these 16 sensors (p1-p16) at pipe support 4 places (12 sensors) and at reel cage wall 3 places (four sensors) measure temperature.Jack box 5 is collected from the signal of each temperature sensor p1-p16 of pipe support 4 and reel cage 3 and by data bus connection 6, these signals is transferred to data capsule 7, in data capsule by the analog signal figure of temperature sensor.Then, data capsule 7 connects 8 by these data by Ethernet and sends to GCU9(DVS).GCU is now by skew (tilting value adjustment) the compensation distortion with respect to horizontal direction.Data capsule 7 comprises A/D converter and with the server of Ethernet.
The layout of sensor in pipe reel cage and pipe support and the connection of each parts are described below.As shown in Figure 3, be substantially perpendicular to tubular axis line and limit four planes, one of them plane E4 is preferably placed in pipe reel cage, and three plane E1-E3 are arranged in pipe support.These planes respectively with four for example, by the known temperature sensor of prior art (PT100), these temperature sensors are preferably arranged in the folding corner region of plane.First plane E1 near thorax mouth with four sensor p1-p4, towards the next plane E2 of pipe reel cage direction with four sensor p5-p8, by that analogy.These sensors are connected with data capsule 7 by data circuit 6.Data capsule 7 is by the analog signal figure of temperature sensor and temperature data is connected to 8 by data send to GCU9.Can measuring tube reel cage 3 and the Temperature Distribution of pipe support 4 by means of this arrangement form.
The value of temperature sensor p1-p16 is digitized and is transferred to data processing equipment (GCU9).The corresponding error amount of itself and weapon pipe 11 is compared simultaneously.For the pipe deflection being caused by temperature, set up a Mathematical Modeling, described Mathematical Modeling utilizes Optimal Parameters to set up the temperature value of measuring transducer p1-p16 and the relation of total pipe deflection.
The process of the method according to this invention briefly illustrates in Fig. 4.For those skilled in the art, by the general algorithm shown in it, do not need to pay additional effort and can find out how to design the compensation to the mixed form of azimuth angle error or two kinds of errors, thereby can provide specific description here.The present invention relates to equally to azimuth compensation of error.Weight coefficient a, the b of numerical value (nondimensional), g can be input in system (GCU) in advance, or determine and be attached in Mathematical Modeling when measuring or build weapon 10.
Temperature value is carried out to multinomial, to carry out the investigation in length for the mapping of pipe error.GCU9 obtains by data capsule 7 the temperature value T that is with respectively the footmark that is useful on related sensor.Each sensor plane E1 to E4 at pipe support and reel cage obtains average temperature difference on elevation direction thus.Meanwhile also determine, sensor whether function is normal and believable value is provided, and has how many sensor functions normal and believable value is provided.
By
Extremely
Draw the temperature difference in plane E1 value E4.For each sensor plane, by adopting following relation to draw pipe gradient V, wherein a and b are the adaptation parameter of numerical value.This can be drawn by following formula:
By
V
e1_ pipe _ P_El=a
r_Elt
the E1_ temperature difference _ El+ b
r_El[radian]
Extremely
V
e3_ pipe _ P_El=a
r_Elt
the E3_ temperature difference _ El+ b
r_El[radian]
With
V
e4_ pipe _ P_El=a
w_Elt
the E4_ temperature difference _ E4+ b
w_El[radian]
Then for each sensor plane E1-E4, determined total pipe gradient is weighted.Simplified thus confidence level and monitored and guaranteed modularity, to calculate total pipe gradient (in the situation that a sensor plane lost efficacy).Wherein have:
V
pipe _ R_P_El=V
e1_ pipe _ P_Elg
1_El+ V
e2_ pipe _ P_Elg
2_El+ V
e3_ pipe _ P_Elg
3_El[radian]
With
V
pipe _ R_P_El=V
e4_ pipe _ Elg
1_El[radian]
Wherein with the adaptive weighting parameters g of numerical value.
In another form of implementation, the built-in inertia of taking into account system additionally.This is to form like this, that is, and weapon pipe 11 and gradient in pipe support 4 or pipe reel cage 3 are compensated and are compared, measuring transducer p1-p16 can be obviously more rapidly indicated temperature change.In order to consider the transfer delay being applied with, the so-called D component that superposes, for controlling.Described D component is comprised of the single order numerical derivative of the foregoing P component of pipe support 4 and reel cage 3.
With
Above formula is multiplied by D parameter.
With
Wherein D parameter is also the adaptation parameter of numerical value.Total pipe gradient by the P component of pipe support and reel cage and D component and determine.
V
pipe _ El=V
pipe _ R_P_El+ V
pipe _ W_P_El+ V
pipe _ R_D_El+ V
pipe _ W_D_El[radian]
Claims (14)
1. a device that carries out thermal compensation for the weapon pipe (11) to weapon (10), described weapon has at least one weapon pipe (11), described weapon piping support is in pipe reel cage (3) and be bearing in the pipe support (4) as the extension of pipe reel cage (3), it is characterized in that, on pipe reel cage (3) and pipe support (4), a plurality of temperature sensors (p1-p16) are set, described temperature sensor is connected with data capsule (7) by data circuit (6), described data capsule (7) is connected with data processing equipment (9), data processing equipment (9) is determined pipe gradient and can be acted on for changing the directed actuator of weapon pipe (11) by temperature difference, to carry out temperature-compensating.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 16 temperature sensors (p1-p16) are preferably set, and wherein said quantity can change.
3. device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, preferably be substantially perpendicular to tubular axis line and limit four planes (e1-E4), preferably a plane (E4) is arranged in pipe reel cage (3), and preferably three planes (E1-E3) are arranged in pipe support (4).
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, temperature sensor (p1-p16) is preferably arranged in the region in bight of each plane (E1-E4).
5. according to the device one of claim 1 to 4 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, pipe support (4) is stent-type.
6. according to the device one of claim 1 to 5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, actuator is the servomotor of weapon oneself, utilizes described servomotor on azimuth and/or the elevation angle, to weapon pipe (11), to carry out orientation.
7. a method of carrying out thermal compensation for the weapon pipe (11) to weapon (10), described weapon has at least one weapon pipe (11), described weapon piping support is in pipe reel cage (3) and be bearing in the pipe support (4) as the extension of pipe reel cage (3), and described method has following steps:
By the temperature sensor (p1-p16) on pipe reel cage (3) and pipe support (4), measure temperature,
Determine between the upside of pipe reel cage (3) and pipe support (4) and downside and the temperature difference between right side and left side,
Utilize determined temperature difference computer tube gradient,
By changing the orientation of weapon pipe (11), compensate described pipe gradient.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, determines the temperature difference of each sensor plane (E1 to E4) on elevation direction and/or azimuth direction of pipe support (4) and pipe reel cage (3).
9. according to the method described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, directly the actuator by weapon, compensate the pipe deflection being caused by temperature as the servomotor of weapon oneself.
10. according to the method one of claim 7 to 9 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, the inefficacy of indivedual temperature sensors (p1-p16) compensates by Mathematical Modeling.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, situation about losing efficacy for a plurality of temperature sensors (p1-p16), and parser comprises different degradation levels.
12. according to the method one of claim 7 to 11 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, goes back the built-in inertia of taking into account system.
13. according to the method one of claim 7 to 12 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, records the time graph of temperature correlation function.
14. methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described time graph also can be read to be stored in weapon computer for later maintenance work.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011106199.5 | 2011-06-07 | ||
| DE102011106199A DE102011106199B3 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2011-06-07 | Apparatus and method for thermal compensation of a weapon barrel |
| PCT/EP2012/060525 WO2012168200A1 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-06-04 | Device and method for the thermal compensation of a weapon barrel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103582799A true CN103582799A (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| CN103582799B CN103582799B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
Family
ID=46208540
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280027160.4A Active CN103582799B (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2012-06-04 | For carrying out the apparatus and method of thermal compensation to weapon pipe |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140290471A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2718657B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6092853B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101619581B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103582799B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112013031283B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2837672C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011106199B3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2718657T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2587515T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2718657T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2560959C2 (en) |
| SA (1) | SA112330601B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI481808B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA107630C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012168200A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201308937B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014113593A1 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Weapons carrying system with a pipe support for storage of the weapon barrel |
| KR102459305B1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-26 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Cooling apparatus and gun barrel cooling system including the same |
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| JPH0791891A (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-04-07 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Firing method and firing device |
| US5663521A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-09-02 | Giat Industries | Method and apparatus for controlling an equilibrating system subject to varying temperatures and laying angles |
| GB2328498A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-02-24 | Secr Defence | Gun barrel alignment system |
| US20010039874A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-15 | Michael Gerber | Method and device for correcting dynamic gun errors |
| US20070068287A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2007-03-29 | Bernd Stehlin | Adjustment and stabilization unit with a force-sensing device for torque measurement |
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- 2011-06-07 DE DE102011106199A patent/DE102011106199B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-04-06 UA UAA201313137A patent/UA107630C2/en unknown
- 2012-06-04 DK DK12725763.2T patent/DK2718657T3/en active
- 2012-06-04 ES ES12725763.2T patent/ES2587515T3/en active Active
- 2012-06-04 WO PCT/EP2012/060525 patent/WO2012168200A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-06-04 BR BR112013031283-1A patent/BR112013031283B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-06-04 CN CN201280027160.4A patent/CN103582799B/en active Active
- 2012-06-04 PL PL12725763.2T patent/PL2718657T3/en unknown
- 2012-06-04 JP JP2014514024A patent/JP6092853B2/en active Active
- 2012-06-04 EP EP12725763.2A patent/EP2718657B1/en active Active
- 2012-06-04 KR KR1020137033057A patent/KR101619581B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-06-04 RU RU2013158249/11A patent/RU2560959C2/en active
- 2012-06-04 CA CA2837672A patent/CA2837672C/en active Active
- 2012-06-07 TW TW101120542A patent/TWI481808B/en active
- 2012-06-09 SA SA112330601A patent/SA112330601B1/en unknown
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2013
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| US4404890A (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1983-09-20 | Barr & Stroud Limited | Fire control system |
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| JPH0791891A (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-04-07 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Firing method and firing device |
| US5663521A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-09-02 | Giat Industries | Method and apparatus for controlling an equilibrating system subject to varying temperatures and laying angles |
| GB2328498A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-02-24 | Secr Defence | Gun barrel alignment system |
| US20010039874A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-15 | Michael Gerber | Method and device for correcting dynamic gun errors |
| US20070068287A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2007-03-29 | Bernd Stehlin | Adjustment and stabilization unit with a force-sensing device for torque measurement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20140032436A (en) | 2014-03-14 |
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