CN1035815A

CN1035815A - Utilize the method for human wastes to produce granular organic fertilizer or feed

Info

Publication number: CN1035815A
Application number: CN89100043A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏文才; 张富成
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1988-12-27
Filing date: 1988-12-27
Publication date: 1989-09-27

Abstract

A kind of method of utilizing human wastes to produce granular organic fertilizer or feed.Having solved present human excrement saves bit by bit in a large number and can not make full use of, transport inconvenience, use problems such as not only dirty but also smelly.Its major technique feature is, the human excrement collected after dehydration, harmless treatment, grinding, pulverizing and spraying drying, is processed into high-quality fertilizer material or fish, fowl livestock feed.Have bigger economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

Utilize the method for human wastes to produce granular organic fertilizer or feed

The present invention relates to the agrochemical working method.Especially with the working method of liquid shape human wastes to produce granular organic fertilizer or feed.

Human excrement is a kind of high-quality fertilizer material as base manure with topdressing.At present, domestic and international using of human excrement, a kind of is that it is directly acted on the soil, just usually said " thin fertile "; Another kind is and straw, and crops such as rubbish, weeds are mixed by a certain percentage, as compost (northern China) or make compost (China south).The sort of method of application no matter, human excrement is all accumulated the restriction of condition and time.When the condition of accumulating poor (conditions such as seal degree, temperature) or time were long, its organic component and various nutritive element (as protein-n, urea etc.) were easy to decompose and vapor away.In human excrement transportation, application, owing to contain a large amount of germs in the human excrement, if it is germicidal treatment is improper,, all harmful to farm crop to the people; On the other hand, often saving bit by bit of human excrement exists with the liquid formula, and be not only dirty but also smelly, transports, uses very inconvenient.Has the pass department statistics, the whole nation only total amount of grownup's human excrement is equivalent to 1,600 ten thousand tons of chemical fertilizer, human excrement is in large quantities in the lavatory and septic tank in the abandoned city, except that the environmental sanitation workman for do not make it and overflow or minority suburbs peasant make nothing of hardships for few flower counting out money transport, all long-time unclear the drawing of the manure pit of most office building, auditoriums, hotels, therefore, the human excrement utilization ratio is very low in the city; For the rural area, along with the reform of China's land contract system, the peasant to low-cost, use packed easily chemical fertilizer, demand is more outstanding.

The object of the invention: for reducing the loss of human excrement, fully develop human excrement this " resource ", provide a kind of liquid shape human excrement is processed into transportation, the granular organic fertilizer of use or the method for feed of being easy to.

The technology of the present invention solution:

At first with the human excrement dehydration of collecting, secondly, being ground into diameter is 0.4～0.6mm particulate state, and to grind to form diameter be following microgranular of 100 μ m; Last spraying drying, be processed into packed organic fertilizer of particulate state or feed.

Realize that the such scheme specific process is as follows:

The primary treatment of 1 raw material

(1) collection of raw material.This work comprises the collection and the good and bad classification of human excrement.Both cleaned the high quality raw material that are pollution-free, that do not begin to become thoroughly decomposed and ferment as yet; The inferior raw material that is that is subjected to pollution such as sewage, rubbish, sand or long storage and begins to become thoroughly decomposed fermentation by self organic heat.In addition, after high quality raw material are processed into product, not only also can be used as fish, fowl livestock feed as organic fertilizer.

(2) dehydration of raw material.At first rely on self gravitation to dewater, make water ratio reach 82～88%, secondly mechanical dehydration makes water ratio reach 50%～70%.

2, the advanced processes of raw material

(1) pulverizes.Straw shape, the flap infiltrated in the raw material are pulverized by mechanical forced.The purpose of this operation is the load that alleviates shredder, improves working (machining) efficiency.

(2) grind.Further process containing larger particles in the raw material, grind to form the molecule below 100 microns, for atomization drying creates favorable conditions.

(3) harmless treatment.Owing to contain a large amount of germs in the ight soil, more particularly by the infectious germ of patient's ight soil.As typhoid fever, dysentery etc.More need strict the processing, could ensure people ' s health better.Its sanitization treating process adopts high temperature sterilization commonly used.Both raw material was added to about 75 ℃, and kept 20 minutes, but kill pathogens or worm's ovum.

3, the formation of product.Raw material through above-mentioned just, after the advanced processes, form a kind of starchy nontoxic aseptic fluid, after cooling,, make the raw material dropletization by rotary or centrifugal atomizer.Be drying medium with the hot blast simultaneously, in tens seconds, the slurries shape be processed into particulate state, reach the object of the invention.

Advantage of the present invention: changed the traditional storage mode of human excrement, both pond, human excrement hole storage mode had been passed through this working method, human excrement is occurred with particle.Not only storage, (improving peasant's operating condition) easy to use and are not losing under its nutrition situation, and through germicidal treatment (avoiding the cross infection between people and ight soil), its result of use and cost all are better than like product.Therefore adopt this working method, the human excrement utilization ratio is improved greatly.Have high economic benefit and social benefit.Welcome by vast farmers.

Below in conjunction with description of drawings most preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing is a flow process chart of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawing, 1 aggregate tank, 2 sedimentation towers, 3 mechanical dehydration machines, 4 health processors, 5 tower type accumulators, 6 hot type pulverizer mill, 7 dehumidifying cleaners, 8 give hot device, 9 hotblast stoves, 10 spray-drying towers, 11 air-cooled spiral conveyers, 12 waste-heat recoverers, 13 strainers, 14 wrapping machines, 15 showers, 16 deodorization adsorption towers, 17 raw materials, 18 sandstones, 19 rich water (paying product), 20 air, 21 air drafts, 22 blowdowns.

As follows in conjunction with each course of processing of above-mentioned description of drawings:

One, primary treatment

1, with the raw material 17(human faecal mass of collecting) in the aggregate tank 1 of packing into (bottom of aggregate tank 1 is the inclined-plane, makes sandstone 18 or other foreign material slide to sewage draining exit along the inclined-plane, regularly opens sewage draining exit and clears up), and raw material 17 is transported in the sedimentation tower 2.

2, raw material 17 is in sedimentation tower 2, by its deadweight, further clean out some sandstones 18 or other foreign material on the one hand, on the other hand, naturally dehydration is 36～72 hours, make the water ratio of raw material 17 reach 82%～88%, product-the rich water 19 of paying of then that sedimentation tower 2 upper stratas are rarer raw material 17 is transported in the health processor 4, and with carry out sanitary measure jointly from the same rich water 19 of mechanical dehydration machine and (heat about 70 ℃, and kept 20 minutes) after, enter in the rivers and (conform to national pollution exhaust criteria), and thicker part is transported in the mechanical dehydration machine 3 in the sedimentation tower 2, makes the water ratio of raw material 17 reach 50～70% through manufacturing procedure.After, be transported in the hot type pulverizer mill 6, finish the primary treatment whole process.

Two, advanced processes

After entering pulverizer mill 6 through the raw material 17 after the primary treatment, at first shaft-like the or flap of infiltrating in the raw material 17 is ground into the particulate state that diameter is 0.4～0.6mm by mechanical forced, for next step atomization drying creates favorable conditions.Pulverizing grinding step also is the sanitary measure operation of raw material 17 simultaneously.The heat of both having pulverized in the process of lapping to be produced is enough to kill the germ in the raw material 17.Therefore, this operation is to guarantee that product reaches uniform particles, fast, the nontoxic aseptic critical process of rate of drying.At last, the raw material after the advanced processes 17 is transported in the tower type accumulator 5.

Three, the formation of product

In the tower type accumulator 5, raw material 17 through above-mentioned just, after the advanced processes, behind the naturally cooling, enter in the spray-drying tower 10 within it.Raw material 17 is a drying medium with the hot blast in spray-drying tower 10, and the raw material 17 with the slurries shape in about 15 seconds is spray dried to granular organic fertilizer or feed.Be transported on the wrapping machine 14 by air-cooled spiral conveyer 11, on the delivery port of wrapping machine 14, occur packed granular organic fertilizer or feed at last.Finish the processing all processes.

Four, the off gas treatment in the production process

This part is made up of waste-heat recoverer 12, strainer 13, shower 15 and deodorization adsorber 16, and the each several part effect is as follows:

1, waste-heat recoverer 12.Because the hot blast temperature higher (general about 90) in the atomization drying process is met cold back and produced the dewfall phenomenon, easy on the one hand cooling is on strainer 13; Waste heat energy on the other hand, therefore, the setting of waste-heat recoverer 13 can be with waste heat recovery, regeneration.

2, strainer 13.Filter the dust in the hot gas.

3, shower 15.By circulation water smoke the dust in the hot gas is rinsed out.

4, deodorization adsorber.Sorbing material is housed in it, the foul smell in the hot gas is adsorbed to fall, therefrom discharge the gas of no foul smell.

Claims

1, a kind of working method of utilizing human wastes to produce granular organic fertilizer or feed is characterized in that:

After a, the human excrement dehydration with collection;

B, to be ground into diameter be the 0.4-0.6mm particulate state, and to grind to form diameter be following microgranular of 100 μ m;

C, employing high-temperature sterilization facture;

D, spraying drying.

2, the method for utilizing human excrement to be processed into a shape organic fertilizer or feed according to claim 1, its feature:

A, at first with the dehydration 36～72 hours naturally in sedimentation tower 2 of the human excrement collected, make its water ratio reach 82%～88%, next,

B, mechanical dehydration make its water ratio reach 50%～70%.