CN103576217B - The liquid zoom lens that Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens regulates and aberration correcting method thereof - Google Patents
The liquid zoom lens that Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens regulates and aberration correcting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103576217B CN103576217B CN201310556365.8A CN201310556365A CN103576217B CN 103576217 B CN103576217 B CN 103576217B CN 201310556365 A CN201310556365 A CN 201310556365A CN 103576217 B CN103576217 B CN 103576217B
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Abstract
The invention discloses liquid zoom lens and the aberration correcting method thereof of the adjustment of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens.Between ground floor, second layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus is installed, forms positive lens cavity volume; Second annulus is installed between second, third layer of circular non-opaque film, forms negative lens cavity volume; The rodless cavity of first plunger assembly is communicated with positive lens cavity volume through the first flexible pipe, and the rodless cavity of second plunger assembly is communicated with negative lens cavity volume through the second flexible pipe, is all full of transparency liquid in described two cavity volumes, forms positive and negative lens two parts.It can not only realize continuous vari-focus in the zooming range of designing requirement, and it is poor to correct primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration and elementary sine simultaneously, makes imaging more perfect.Structure of the present invention is simple, and volume is little, and quality is light, optical axis stable, continuous vari-focus, and rapidly, degree of accuracy is high, easy to operate in response, is easy to processing, with low cost, can be widely used in various modern imaging system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bionic machine sighting device, particularly relate to liquid zoom lens and the aberration correcting method thereof of the adjustment of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, people are for high-tech product, and as intellectuality, the auxiliary robot of robotization and the demand of Related product strengthen increasingly, these have become the direction of engineering science field development.Robotics integrates numerous high-tech, and its application not only moves towards non-fabrication field from manufacture field, and continuous to the non-industrial circle expansion such as military, anti-riot, medical, service, amusement just with surprising rapidity.The fields such as concerning robot, vision is also a kind of means of important sensing external environment, although its development obtains remarkable progress, but still relatively lags behind in other functions, the motion of such as walking, arm finger.In the research of robot common technology, bionics techniques receives publicity day by day, by learning, imitating, copy and reproduce the structure of biosystem, function, principle of work and controlling mechanism, improve existing or create new machinery, instrument, building and technological process.Therefore anthropomorphic robot starts the trend becoming robot field, represents robot automtion degree.
No matter can not put no, although human eyes structure uncomplicated, be physical dimension, or response speed, and its intelligence degree is all far away higher than made any one imaging device.Human eye can switch rapidly between the object of different distance, and key is the shape being changed crystalline lens front and rear surfaces by ciliary muscle movement, realizes focusing function in the mode of zoom.Traditional mechanical zoom needs two or more optical module to form optical system, is realized by the movable adjustment relative position of each assembly.Its system must adopt the mechanical location of special drive motor to stand-alone assembly to provide control realization stand-alone assembly accurately to move along the track of accurate Calculation, and the action of multiple assembly must ensure synchronously, make traditional zoom system architecture complicated, response speed is limited, and cost is higher.Obtain high-quality imaging, large zooming range, just need more component count, structure is also more complicated, and system length is longer.The increase of the ratio of surface and volume simultaneously makes the impact rubbed become remarkable, and all these brings difficulty to the scale of moving component reduction means.
Liquid zoom lens is exactly change based on human eye a kind of bionics novel optical element that surface curvature radius realizes the principle proposition of zoom, have that volume is little, the life-span is long, cost is low, energy consumption is little, easy to operate, fast response time, and there is the feature of certain autonomous zoom capabilities.Proposed the liquid zoom lens of many kinds both at home and abroad, be mainly divided into two kinds, one is mechanically driver type liquid zoom lens, and one is electric moistening type liquid zoom lens.No matter but which kind of liquid zoom lens, all do not consider that the aberration caused in the burnt process of change one changes and corrects.
Summary of the invention
The liquid zoom lens that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens to regulate and aberration correcting method thereof, it is the liquid zoom lens with aberration correction function, continuous vari-focus can not only be realized, and it is poor to correct primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration and elementary sine simultaneously.
Human eye can switch rapidly between the object of different distance, and key is the shape and the curvature that are changed crystalline lens front and rear surfaces by the stretching motion of ciliary muscle, realizes focusing function in the mode of zoom.Because anterior chamber and vitreum are liquid, crystalline lens suspends wherein by suspensorium, so under the driving of ciliary muscle stretching motion, crystalline lens, while himself front and rear surfaces shape of change and curvature, also changes shape and curvature that anterior chamber and vitreum and crystalline lens share curved surface.If all regard crystalline lens, anterior chamber and vitreum as optical element, so the focal length of three all there occurs change.But human eye only has focusing function, so be by lenticular regulation mechanism, realize the focusing function of human eye with the form of zoom.Also assures that the quality of imaging simultaneously, do not cause the acute variation of aberration because of the change of focal length.Its principle is similar to the design process of cemented doublet, for the focal power determined, the curvature of design cemented surface, the simultaneously material of the positive negative lens of choose reasonable, just can simultaneously spherical aberration corrector and sine poor.Aberration is then by distributing positive and negative power of lens to realize.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
One, a kind of liquid zoom lens of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment:
The present invention includes ground floor circular non-opaque film, second layer circular non-opaque film, third layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus, the second annulus, the first flexible pipe, the second flexible pipe, the first plunger assembly and the second plunger assembly; Between ground floor circular non-opaque film and second layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus is installed, forms positive lens cavity volume; Between second layer circular non-opaque film and third layer circular non-opaque film, the second annulus is installed, forms negative lens cavity volume; The rodless cavity of first plunger assembly is communicated with positive lens cavity volume through the first flexible pipe, and the rodless cavity of second plunger assembly is communicated with negative lens cavity volume through the second flexible pipe, is all full of transparency liquid in described two cavity volumes, forms positive and negative lens two parts.
Described three layers of circular non-opaque film are identical with the diameter of two annulus.
Described first annulus and the second annulus xsect are trapezoidal; Described two annulus are identical with the bottom surface internal diameter that second layer circular non-opaque film is connected, first annulus is identical with the bottom surface internal diameter that third layer circular non-opaque film is connected with the second annulus with the bottom surface internal diameter that ground floor circular non-opaque film is connected, and is greater than the bottom surface internal diameter that two annulus are connected with second layer circular non-opaque film.
Described positive lens cavity volume and negative lens cavity volume planted agent are full of identical or not identical transparency liquid.
Described second layer circular non-opaque film at least with one deck circular non-opaque film in other two-layer circular non-opaque film, adopt different materials, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, the surface curvature of third layer circular non-opaque film is less than the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film, to ensure that negative lens part remains negative lens effect.
Described two annulus adopt identical material, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, can not deformation be there is.
Two, an aberration correcting method for the liquid zoom lens of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment, the step of the method is as follows:
1) between ground floor circular non-opaque film and second layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus is installed, and is full of transparency liquid in cavity volume, form positive lens part; Between second layer circular non-opaque film and third layer circular non-opaque film, the second annulus is installed, and is full of transparency liquid in cavity volume, form negative lens part;
2) according to imaging design requirement, primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration, the required satisfied maximum aberration value of elementary sine difference and zooming range is determined respectively;
3) refractive index of given transparency liquid and the initial value of Abbe number, in zooming range, calculates positive and negative power of lens under different focal distribute according to the cemented doublet primary position colour difference formula that disappears; To distribute according to tried to achieve focal power and cemented doublet disappears primary spherical aberration formula, the surface curvature under calculating different focal needed for second layer circular non-opaque film; The surface curvature of tried to achieve second layer circular non-opaque film is substituted into the elementary sine difference computing formula of cemented doublet, try to achieve the elementary sinusoidal difference under different focal; The sinusoidal difference of maximum primary of the elementary sinusoidal difference of trying to achieve and designing requirement is contrasted, if do not meet design requirement, just need revise refractive index and the Abbe number of liquid, recalculate the primary position aberration under different focal, primary spherical aberration and elementary sine poor, until primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration, the poor maximum aberration value being all less than designing requirement of elementary sine under all focal lengths; Required by the liquid refractivity now obtained and Abbe number are;
4) according to refractive index and the Abbe number of above-mentioned transparency liquid of trying to achieve, the transparency liquid needed for selection;
5), after determining required transparency liquid of filling, be full of positive and negative lens cavity volume, make three layers of circular non-opaque film all keep horizontality; According to the focal power needed for the distance determination liquid zoom lens of imageable target; According to the method for step 3), obtain the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film; According to the positive and negative lens strength of trying to achieve, the surface curvature value of the second layer circular non-opaque film of trying to achieve is substituted into power of lens computing formula, obtains the surface curvature value of ground floor circular non-opaque film and the surface curvature value of third layer circular non-opaque film; The surface curvature of three layers of circular non-opaque film is changed finally by two plunger assemblies, when reaching above-mentioned required value, liquid zoom lens just can obtain required focal power, eliminates primary position aberration simultaneously, primary spherical aberration, elementary sine are poor, meet imaging design requirement.
Compared with background technology, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention can not only realize continuous vari-focus in the zooming range of designing requirement, and it is poor to correct primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration and elementary sine simultaneously, makes imaging more perfect.Structure of the present invention is simple, and volume is little, and quality is light, optical axis stable, continuous vari-focus, and rapidly, degree of accuracy is high, easy to operate in response, is easy to processing, with low cost, can be widely used in various modern imaging system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is section of structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is zoom schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first state in embodiment of the present invention zooming procedure.
Fig. 5 is the second state in embodiment of the present invention zooming procedure.
Fig. 6 is the third state in embodiment of the present invention zooming procedure.
Fig. 7 is the 4th kind of state in embodiment of the present invention zooming procedure.
Fig. 8 is first curve map in embodiment of the present invention aberration correcting method process.
Fig. 9 is second curve map in embodiment of the present invention aberration correcting method process.
Figure 10 is the 3rd curve map in embodiment of the present invention aberration correcting method process.
Figure 11 is the 4th curve map in embodiment of the present invention aberration correcting method process.
Figure 12 is the 5th curve map in embodiment of the present invention aberration correcting method process.
In figure: 1-ground floor circular non-opaque film; 2-second layer circular non-opaque film; 3-third layer circular non-opaque film; 4-the first annulus; 5-the second annulus; 6-the first flexible pipe; 7-the second flexible pipe; 8-the first plunger assembly; 9-the second plunger assembly; 10-ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film; 11-second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film; 12-PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice; 13-the one PMMA annulus; 14-the two PMMA annulus; 15-the first transparency liquid; 16-the second transparency liquid.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be section of structure of the present invention, the present invention includes ground floor circular non-opaque film 1, second layer circular non-opaque film 2, third layer circular non-opaque film 3, first annulus 4, second annulus 5, first flexible pipe 6, second flexible pipe 7, first plunger assembly 8 and the second plunger assembly 9; First annulus 4 is installed between ground floor circular non-opaque film 1 and second layer circular non-opaque film 2, forms positive lens cavity volume; Second annulus 5 is installed between second layer circular non-opaque film 2 and third layer circular non-opaque film 3, forms negative lens cavity volume; The rodless cavity of first plunger assembly 8 is communicated with positive lens cavity volume through the first flexible pipe 6, and the rodless cavity of second plunger assembly 9 is communicated with negative lens cavity volume through the second flexible pipe 7, is all full of transparency liquid in described two cavity volumes.
Described three layers of circular non-opaque film 1,2,3 are identical with the diameter of two annulus 4,5.
Described first annulus 4 and the second annulus 5 xsect are trapezoidal; Described first annulus 4 is identical with the bottom surface internal diameter that second layer circular non-opaque film 2 is connected with the second annulus 5, first annulus 4 is identical with a footpath in the bottom surface that third layer circular non-opaque film 3 is connected with the second annulus 5 with the bottom surface internal diameter that ground floor circular non-opaque film 1 is connected, and is less than the bottom surface internal diameter that two annulus are connected with second layer circular non-opaque film 2.
Described positive lens cavity volume and negative lens cavity volume planted agent are full of identical or not identical transparency liquid.
Described second layer circular non-opaque film 2 at least with one deck circular non-opaque film in other two-layer circular non-opaque film 1,3, adopt different materials, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, the surface curvature of third layer circular non-opaque film 3 is less than the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film 2, to ensure that negative lens part remains negative lens effect.
The first described annulus 4 and the second annulus 5 adopt identical material, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, can not deformation be there is.
Fig. 2 is zoom schematic diagram of the present invention, is all filled with transparency liquid in the cavity volume of positive and negative lens component.Changed the liquid volume in the cavity volume of positive and negative lens component by plunger assembly, change the deformation quantity of three layers of circular non-opaque film.The principle of work of its continuous vari-focus is as follows: when needs zoom, first plunger assembly 8 injects liquid in positive lens part cavity volume, make ground floor circular non-opaque film 1 and second layer circular non-opaque film 2 that deformation occur, drive third layer circular non-opaque film 3 also deformation to occur by pressure transmission simultaneously; Negative lens portion divides the liquid in cavity volume to extract out by the second plunger assembly 9, and the deformation quantity of second layer circular non-opaque film 2 and third layer circular non-opaque film 3 is changed, and is transmitted also drive the deformation quantity of ground floor circular non-opaque film 1 also to change by pressure.Now all there is deformation in three layers of circular non-opaque film, but can see, the surface curvature of third layer circular non-opaque film 3 is less than the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film 2.Guarantee negative lens portion like this is divided and is kept negative lens effect.
As shown in Figure 3, be embodiments of the invention structural representations.Ground floor circular non-opaque film and second layer circular non-opaque membraneous material all adopt PDMS material, are the ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 in the present embodiment and second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11; Third layer circular non-opaque membraneous material adopts transparent PMMA material, is the PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12 in the present embodiment; First annulus and the second annulus material all adopt PMMA material, are the PMMA annulus 13 in the present embodiment and the 2nd PMMA annulus 14.Can see, in the present embodiment, whole liquid zoom lens comprises ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10, second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11, PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice the 12, the one PMMA annulus 13, the 2nd PMMA annulus 14, first flexible pipe 6, second flexible pipe 7, first plunger assembly 8 and the second plunger assembly 9.
In the present embodiment, PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12 is parallel flat, and deformation can not occur in zooming procedure, and its surface curvature perseverance is zero.In zooming procedure, no matter the surface curvature of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 is how many, all can not be less than zero.So the surface curvature perseverance of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 is less than the surface curvature of PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12.
As shown in Figure 3, the thickness of the 2nd PMMA annulus 14 is greater than a PMMA annulus 13.Do not have the thickness proportion of restriction two annulus in the present invention.Select the thickness of the 2nd PMMA annulus 14 larger, being to ensure in zooming procedure, between second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 and PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12, leaving certain spacing.Be described as follows: under zoom state as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, liquid zoom lens is negative lens effect in conjunction with the embodiments, and the deformation quantity that second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 occurs is larger, and it is more remarkable to the dissipating effect of light.If select the thickness of the 2nd PMMA annulus 14 equal with the thickness of a PMMA annulus 13, so when largest deformation occurs second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11, the spacing between itself and PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12 certainly will be caused to be almost equal to zero, even may to come in contact.
The present embodiment independently controls the liquid volume in the cavity volume of positive and negative lens component by two plunger assemblies, change the deformation quantity of two-layer PDMS circular non-opaque film, realize continuous vari-focus.Because negative lens part have employed PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12, deformation can not be there is in zooming procedure, so the deformation quantity of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 is only relevant with the liquid volume in the cavity volume of negative lens part, has nothing to do with the liquid volume in the cavity volume of positive lens part.That is, when only having the second plunger assembly 9 to move, the deformation quantity of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 just can change.The deformation quantity of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 is then all relevant with the liquid volume in the cavity volume of positive and negative lens component, and its deformation quantity is by the first plunger assembly 8 and the coefficient result of the second plunger assembly 9.The present embodiment can realize large-scale zoom, controls the first plunger assembly 8 and the second plunger assembly 9, liquid zoom lens can be made to present four kinds of states, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 by independent.
1.. as shown in Figure 4, only have the second plunger assembly 9 to be extracted out by the liquid in the cavity volume of negative lens part, make second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 that deformation occur, protruding to PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12 direction; First plunger assembly 8 is motionless, and under pressure transmission effect, ground floor PDMS transparent membrane 10 also deformation will occur, and protrusion direction is consistent with the protrusion direction of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11.The amount of liquid that second plunger assembly 9 is extracted out is more, and the deformation quantity of two-layer PDMS film is larger.
2.. as shown in Figure 5, in the state shown in fig. 4, first plunger assembly 8 injects liquid in the cavity volume of positive lens part, it is the deformation quantity change of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10, and the not motion of the second plunger assembly 9, namely the deformation quantity of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 will not change, and keep the deformation quantity under state shown in Fig. 4.The amount of liquid that first plunger assembly 8 injects acquires a certain degree, and the deformation quantity vanishing of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10, gets back to initial horizontality, the state namely shown in Fig. 5.Inject liquid if continue, ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10, just by outwardly convex, becomes the state shown in Fig. 7.
3.. as shown in Figure 6, the second plunger assembly 9 is motion not, is not extracted out by the liquid in the cavity volume of negative lens part, so second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 deformation can not occur, keeps original state, maintains level.So when the first plunger assembly 8 injects liquid in the cavity volume of positive lens part, ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 will inevitably outwardly convex, increase the cavity volume volume of positive lens part to hold more liquid.Seemingly, the surface curvature of layer 2-only PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 is different for state class shown in this state and Fig. 5.
4.. as shown in Figure 7, two plunger assemblies all there occurs motion, and two-layer PDMS circular non-opaque film also all there occurs deformation, does not maintain initial horizontality.The liquid extracted out in the cavity volume of negative lens part by the second plunger assembly 9 is more, and the deformation quantity of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 is larger.And the deformation quantity of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 depends on the acting in conjunction of two plunger assemblies.If the deformation quantity injecting ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 outwardly convex that the liquid volume in the cavity volume of positive lens part causes by the first plunger assembly 8 is greater than the deformation quantity that ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 that the liquid volume of being extracted out in the cavity volume of negative lens part by the second plunger assembly 9 causes caves inward, so the final shape of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 becomes outwardly convex, state as shown in Figure 7; Otherwise, then cave inward, state as shown in Figure 1.
The liquid zoom lens of the present invention's design can not only realize continuous vari-focus, and it is poor to correct primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration and elementary sine simultaneously.As shown in Figure 1, the step of its aberration correcting method is as follows:
A. according to imaging design requirement, determine the variation range of liquid zoom lens focal power φ, determine primary position aberration Δ l' simultaneously respectively
fC, primary spherical aberration δ L', the required maximum aberration value ε met of elementary sine difference SC'
1, ε
2, ε
3, namely | Δ l'
fC| < ε
1, | δ L'| < ε
2, | SC'| < ε
3.
B. between ground floor circular non-opaque film and second layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus is installed, and is full of transparency liquid in cavity volume, form positive lens part; Between second layer circular non-opaque film and third layer circular non-opaque film, the second annulus is installed, and is full of transparency liquid in cavity volume, form negative lens part.The transparency liquid of filling in positive and negative lens may be different, so the refractive index n of given transparency liquid
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2initial value be respectively n
1=a
1, n
2=a
2, ν
1=b
1, ν
2=b
2, wherein a
1, a
2, b
1, b
2be real constant.In zooming range, distribute according to power of lens positive and negative under cemented doublet achromatism formulae discovery different focal
Wherein: φ: the focal power of liquid zoom lens;
the focal power of positive lens;
the focal power of negative lens;
ν
1: the Abbe number of positive lens;
ν
2: the Abbe number of negative lens;
Δ l'
fC: primary position value of chromatism;
To distribute according to tried to achieve focal power and cemented doublet disappears primary spherical aberration formula, the surface curvature ρ under calculating different focal needed for second layer circular non-opaque film
2:
Wherein: ε
2: maximum primary spherical aberration value;
φ: the focal power of liquid zoom lens;
the focal power of positive lens;
the focal power of negative lens;
δ L': primary spherical aberration;
H: height of incidence;
N': image space medium refraction index;
U': image side exit aperture angle;
N
1: the refractive index of positive lens;
N
2: the refractive index of negative lens;
ρ
2: the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film;
σ '
1: the inverse of positive lens image distance;
σ
2: the inverse of negative lens object distance;
By the surface curvature ρ of tried to achieve second layer circular non-opaque film
2substitute into the elementary sine difference computing formula of cemented doublet, try to achieve the elementary sinusoidal difference SC' under different focal:
Wherein: φ: total focal power of lens;
the focal power of positive lens;
the focal power of negative lens;
SC': elementary sine is poor;
H: height of incidence;
N
1: the refractive index of positive lens;
N
2: the refractive index of negative lens;
ρ
2: the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film;
σ
1: the inverse of positive lens object distance;
σ
2: the inverse of negative lens object distance;
By the sinusoidal difference ε of maximum primary of the elementary sinusoidal difference SC' that tries to achieve and designing requirement
3contrast, if do not meet | SC'| < ε
3designing requirement, just need revise the refractive index n of liquid
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2value, repeat step B, until the primary position aberration Δ l' under all focal lengths
fC, primary spherical aberration δ L', elementary sine difference SC' all meet the demands | Δ l'
fC| < ε
1, | δ L'| < ε
2, | SC'| < ε
3.The now refractive index n of liquid
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2value be required by.
C. according to the refractive index n of above-mentioned transparency liquid of trying to achieve
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2value, the transparency liquid needed for selection;
D., after determining required transparency liquid of filling, be full of positive and negative lens cavity volume, make three layers of circular non-opaque film all keep horizontality.According to the focal power φ needed for the distance determination liquid lens of imageable target; According to the method for step B, obtain the surface curvature ρ of second layer circular non-opaque film
2.According to the positive and negative lens strength of trying to achieve
by the surface curvature value ρ of second layer circular non-opaque film tried to achieve
2substitute into power of lens computing formula, obtain the surface curvature value ρ of ground floor circular non-opaque film
1with the surface curvature value ρ of third layer circular non-opaque film
3:
Wherein:
the focal power of positive lens;
the focal power of negative lens;
N
1: the refractive index of positive lens;
N
2: the refractive index of negative lens;
ρ
1: the surface curvature of ground floor circular non-opaque film;
ρ
2: the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film;
ρ
3: the surface curvature of third layer circular non-opaque film;
D
1: the thickness of positive lens;
D
2: the thickness of negative lens;
The surface curvature ρ of three layers of circular non-opaque film is changed finally by two plunger assemblies
1, ρ
2, ρ
3, when reaching above-mentioned required value, liquid zoom lens just can obtain required focal power, and elimination primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration, elementary sine are poor simultaneously, meet imaging design requirement.
As shown in Figure 3, the imaging design according to the present embodiment requires: focal-distance tuning range is 10mm ~ 25mm, primary position aberration Δ l'
fC, primary spherical aberration δ L', elementary sine difference SC', primary spherical aberration, elementary sine difference maximum aberration value be respectively ε
1=0.006mm, ε
2=0.006mm, ε
3=0.006mm, namely | Δ l'
fC| < 0.006mm, | δ L'| < 0.006mm, | SC'| < 0.006mm.The step of its aberration correcting method is as follows:
A. according to the span of the known power of lens φ of focal-distance tuning range: 0.04 < φ < 0.1.
The transparency liquid of b. filling in positive and negative lens may be different, so the refractive index n of given transparency liquid
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2initial value be respectively n
1=1.4, n
2=1.6, ν
1=60, ν
2=40.
For ease of design, primary position aberration and primary spherical aberration is selected to be zero, i.e. Δ l'
fC=0mm, δ L'=0mm, meet imaging design requirement equally.
According to cemented doublet achromatism formula, can ask and obtain the distribution of positive and negative power of lens
To distribute according to tried to achieve focal power and cemented doublet disappears primary spherical aberration formula, the surface curvature ρ needed for second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 can be tried to achieve
2:
Wherein, when object is at unlimited distance,
all parameters being substituted into can about φ and ρ
2function as follows:
φ is considered as known number, and above formula is about ρ
2quadratic equation with one unknown, meet aplanatic conditions, this quadratic equation with one unknown must have solution, asks its discriminant Δ:
Δ＝0.6588235298φ
4(1333.166454-12189.2602φ+9958.660709φ
2)
When φ value changes in interval (0.04,0.1), whether all there is Δ >=0.Draw its curve as shown in Figure 8.
With reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 8, discriminant Δ meets the demands.Solve above-mentioned quadratic equation with one unknown, by ρ
2be expressed as the function of φ, as follows:
First solution:
Second solution:
When φ value changes in interval (0.04,0.1), see ρ
2situation of change, first separate curve as shown in Figure 9, second separate curve as shown in Figure 10.
According to the symbolic rule of optics, ρ
2< 0, so select second solution.Substitute into the elementary sine difference computing formula of cemented doublet, ask elementary sinusoidal difference SC':
Substitution can obtain:
When φ value changes in interval (0.04,0.1), see the situation of change of SC', as shown in Figure 11.
Can find in zooming range, elementary sine difference SC' does not meet design requirement | SC'| < 0.006mm.So the refractive index n of liquid need be revised
1, n
2with Abbe number ν
1, ν
2value, repeat step b, until in zooming range, primary position aberration Δ l'
fC, primary spherical aberration δ L', elementary sine difference SC' all meet design requirement: | Δ l'
fC| < 0.006mm, | δ L'| < 0.006mm, | SC'| < 0.006mm.
Through amendment repeatedly, determine refractive index and the Abbe number of two kinds of liquid in embodiment, be respectively ν
1=87.6, ν
2=30, n
1=1.65, n
2=1.75.
Repeat step b, primary position aberration, primary spherical aberration, the poor funtcional relationship about φ of elementary sine can be obtained respectively:
Δl'
FC＝0；
δL'＝0；
When φ value changes in interval (0.04,0.1), the change of SC' as shown in Figure 12.
Can find, when φ=0.1, SC' is maximum, is SC'=0.00395575454 < 0.006, meets imaging design requirement.
C. according to above-mentioned transparency liquid refractive index of trying to achieve and Abbe number ν
1=87.6, ν
2=30, n
1=1.65, n
2=1.75, two kinds of transparency liquids needed for selection: the first transparency liquid 15 that refractive index is 1.65, Abbe number is 87.6, the second transparency liquid 16 that refractive index is 1.75, Abbe number is 30.
D., after determining required transparency liquid of filling, be full of positive and negative lens cavity volume, make two-layer PDMS circular non-opaque film all keep horizontality.According to the focal power φ needed for the distance determination liquid lens of imageable target; According to the method for step b, obtain the surface curvature ρ of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11
2.According to the positive and negative lens strength of trying to achieve
by the surface curvature value ρ of second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11 tried to achieve
2substitute into power of lens computing formula, obtain the surface curvature value ρ of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10
1with the surface curvature value ρ of PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12
3:
In the present embodiment, can not there is deformation in PMMA circular non-opaque thin slice 12, so its surface curvature perseverance is zero, i.e. and ρ
3=0.Distribute according to focal power, can obtain when φ value changes in interval (0.04,0.1), the surface curvature change scope of ground floor PDMS circular non-opaque film 10 and second layer PDMS circular non-opaque film 11:
0.03622765738＜ρ
1＜0.09388096521、-0.07366442048＜ρ
2＜-0.02979621823。
The surface curvature ρ of two-layer PDMS circular non-opaque film is changed finally by two plunger assemblies
1, ρ
2, when reaching required value, liquid zoom lens just can obtain required focal power, eliminates primary position aberration simultaneously, primary spherical aberration, elementary sine are poor, meet imaging design requirement.
Above-mentioned specific embodiments is used for explaining and the present invention is described, instead of limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a liquid zoom lens for Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment, is characterized in that: comprise ground floor circular non-opaque film, second layer circular non-opaque film, third layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus, the second annulus, the first flexible pipe, the second flexible pipe, the first plunger assembly and the second plunger assembly; Between ground floor circular non-opaque film and second layer circular non-opaque film, the first annulus is installed, forms positive lens cavity volume; Between second layer circular non-opaque film and third layer circular non-opaque film, the second annulus is installed, forms negative lens cavity volume; The rodless cavity of first plunger assembly is communicated with positive lens cavity volume through the first flexible pipe, and the rodless cavity of second plunger assembly is communicated with negative lens cavity volume through the second flexible pipe, is all full of transparency liquid in described two cavity volumes, forms positive and negative lens two parts;
Described second layer circular non-opaque film at least with one deck circular non-opaque film in other two-layer circular non-opaque film, adopt different materials, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, the surface curvature of third layer circular non-opaque film is less than the surface curvature of second layer circular non-opaque film, to ensure that negative lens part remains negative lens effect.
2. the liquid zoom lens of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described three layers of circular non-opaque film are identical with the diameter of two annulus.
3. the liquid zoom lens of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first annulus and the second annulus xsect are trapezoidal; Described two annulus are identical with the bottom surface internal diameter that second layer circular non-opaque film is connected, first annulus is identical with the bottom surface internal diameter that third layer circular non-opaque film is connected with the second annulus with the bottom surface internal diameter that ground floor circular non-opaque film is connected, and is greater than the bottom surface internal diameter that two annulus are connected with second layer circular non-opaque film.
4. the liquid zoom lens of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described positive lens cavity volume and negative lens cavity volume planted agent are full of identical or not identical transparency liquid.
5. the liquid zoom lens of a kind of Prosthetic Hand crystalline lens adjustment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described two annulus adopt identical material, and demand fulfillment condition: in zooming procedure, can not deformation be there is.
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| CN110806610B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-05-20 | 宁波大学 | Aberration correction zoom lens |
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