CN105842840B - Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens - Google Patents
Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN105842840B CN105842840B CN201510932318.8A CN201510932318A CN105842840B CN 105842840 B CN105842840 B CN 105842840B CN 201510932318 A CN201510932318 A CN 201510932318A CN 105842840 B CN105842840 B CN 105842840B
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- 210000000695 crystalline len Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLXGCFTYXICXJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylsilicon Chemical compound CC[Si] XLXGCFTYXICXJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens, the first lens unit including shell and in shell, second lens unit, 3rd lens unit, and stick harness one and stick harness two, first lens unit includes supplementary lens, 3rd lens unit includes rearmounted lens, second lens unit includes pressure ring one successively, lens one, pressure ring two, lens two, pressure ring three, lens three, pressure ring four, lens four and pressure ring five, and first be formed there between, second, 3rd annular seal space, optical liquid is filled in the annular seal space.The zoom lens of the present invention change the surface curvature radius of transparent elastic lens by injecting or extracting out the optical liquid in annular seal space, so as to realize the continuous vari-focus in the zooming range of design requirement.The present invention has the advantages that small volume, image quality height, optical axis stable, easy to operate, easy processing, can be widely applied to various modern imaging systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bionic machine sighting device, more particularly to a kind of imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom
Lens.
Background technology
As intelligent, miniaturization, integrated demand strengthen increasingly, bio-robot technology is of increasing concern,
As the popular direction of engineering science field development.Its principle is by biosystem structure, function, operating mechanism and control
Study, imitation, duplication and the reconstruction of principle, to improve machinery existing or that creation is brand-new, instrument, processing technology etc..Bionical machine
Device people integrates numerous high-tech, and its application not only moves towards non-fabrication field from manufacturing field, and just with surprising rapidity
Constantly extended to non-industrial circles such as military, anti-riot, medical, service, amusements.
For robot, vision is a kind of very important perception means.Traditional zoom or focusing is, it is necessary to using special
Different motor is provided the mechanical location of stand-alone assembly and accurately controlled, and realizes stand-alone assembly along the track accurately calculated
It is mobile, to adjust the optical distance between each optical module.Therefore traditional zoom lens are complicated, and response speed is limited,
And cost is higher.In miniaturization fall process, the ratio between its surface of traditional zoom lens and volume increase so that the influence of friction
Become notable, difficulty is brought to miniaturization.It can not put no, human eye is not only simple in structure, and either physical dimension, response speed
Degree, or the every outstanding function of possessed, all significantly larger than current made any imaging device.It is closed very much
One reason of key is, the various characteristics of human lenses possessed.Contraction or the tune that loosens of the crystalline lens by ciliary muscle
Section, can change the radius of curvature of its front and rear surfaces, so as to change the diopter of human eye, make the object of different distance can be imaged
On the retina.But according to existing biomedical research achievement, the amplitude of variation of crystalline lens front and rear surfaces is very small, and
And during focal length changes, eyes imaging quality does not decline.A very important reason is that crystalline lens is
It is made up of plural layers, and its refractive index gradually increases from outer layers towards inner layers, distribution gradient.
In recent years, lot of domestic and international researcher proposes bionical zoom lens, and its zoom principle is namely based on human eye change
The mechanism of surface curvature radius, there is small volume, respond fast, simple in construction, low cost and other advantages.But existing design is
Consider lenticular internal structure, while the deficiencies of design freedom is few, and image quality is not ideal enough be present so that bionical zoom
Lens can not also be comparable with traditional zoom lens.
The content of the invention
It is saturating using transparent elastic it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens
Mirror and optical liquid, imitate the layer structure of human lenses, there is provided bigger optical design freedom, using symmetrical expression optics
Structure, bionical zoom lens technology is improved, improve image quality.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens, including shell and the first lens in shell
Unit, the second lens unit, the 3rd lens unit, and stick harness one and stick harness two, first lens unit include preposition
Mirror, the 3rd lens unit include rearmounted lens, second lens unit include successively pressure ring one, lens one, pressure ring two,
Lens two, pressure ring three, lens three, pressure ring four, lens four and pressure ring five, wherein, lens one, lens two, lens three, lens four are equal
For transparent elastic lens；
The lens one, lens two and pressure ring two form first annular seal space, and the lens two, lens three and pressure ring three are formed
Second annular seal space, the lens three, lens four and pressure ring four form the 3rd annular seal space, the first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space
Respectively by connecting stick harness one with the passage on the through hole and shell on pressure ring four located at pressure ring two, second annular seal space passes through
Passage connection stick harness two on the through hole and shell on pressure ring three；Diaphragm is provided with the pressure ring three, the diaphragm is located at
At the center of second lens unit, the field stop as the zoom lens；
Optical liquid one is filled in the stick harness one, the optical liquid one enters by the piston effect of stick harness one or row
Go out the first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space；Optical liquid two is filled in the stick harness two, the optical liquid two passes through plug
Into or out second annular seal space of piston effect of post two.
Further, the optical liquid one and optical liquid two have different refractive indexes, meet condition：Nq1<Nq2,
Wherein Nq1It is the refractive index of optical liquid one, Nq2It is the refractive index of optical liquid two；The lens one, lens two, lens three,
Lens four are made of same material, have identical refractive index Ns, and meet condition：Nq1<Ns<Nq2。
Further, the lens one, lens two, lens three, the front and rear surfaces of lens four are parabola, each parabolic
The shape and edge thickness in face optimize calculating according to optical design requirements, and meet：Each lens are outside relative to pressure ring three
It is raised.
Preferably, the supplementary lens is arranged in the groove of case nose, is fixed by pressure ring one.
Preferably, second lens unit is coordinated by the screw thread of plug and shell is mounted on enclosure.
Preferably, the rearmounted lens are arranged in the groove of plug, are fixed by pressure ring six by screw.
Preferably, the through hole on the pressure ring two and pressure ring four is located at the same side, and with it is recessed on housing interior side-wall
Groove is relative, forms the passage of the optical liquid one.
Preferably, the through hole on the pressure ring three is relative with a through hole on shell, forms the optical liquid
Two passage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
First, the initial curvature radius of transparent elastic lens front and rear surfaces and thickness are design variable in the present invention, can
To optimize calculating according to optical design requirements；Four transparent elastic lens are employed altogether, can be that optical design additionally carries
For 12 design freedoms.
Secondly, transparent elastic lens front and rear surfaces are parabola in the present invention；Can effectively it be reduced just using aspherical
Level aberration, further improves image quality, meanwhile, parabola not only conforms with actual deformation, can obtain comparatively ideal result, and
And it is easy to process.
Again, the lens group in the present invention is made up of supplementary lens, rearmounted lens and four transparent elastic lens, and handle regards
Field diaphragm is placed on the central area of whole zoom lens, and zoom lens design is turned into symmetrical expression optical texture, can be effective
Off-axis aberration is reduced, improves image quality.
The present invention zoom lens, the continuous vari-focus in the zooming range of design requirement can be realized, have small volume, into
As the advantages that quality height, optical axis stable, easy to operate, easy processing, various modern imaging systems are can be widely applied to.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of one embodiment of the zoom lens of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall 3D explosive views of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure sectional view of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the left view and sectional view of the shell of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is front view, left view and the sectional view of the pressure ring two of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is front view, left view and the sectional view of the pressure ring three of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is front view, left view and the sectional view of the pressure ring four of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the supplementary lens of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the rearmounted lens of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the lens one of embodiment in Fig. 1；
Description of reference numerals：1- supplementary lens；2- lens one；3- lens two；4- lens three；5- lens four；6- is rearmounted
Mirror；7- screws；8- plugs；9- shells；10- pressure rings one；11- pressure rings two；12- pressure rings three；13- pressure rings four；14- pressure rings five；15-
Pressure ring six；16- plungers one；17- plungers two；18- optical liquids one；19- optical liquids two.
Embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment, still
It should be appreciated that these descriptions are simply further explanation the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the claims in the present invention
Limitation.
Technical scheme is described in further detail below by drawings and examples.
As shown in Figures 1 to 10, in one embodiment of the invention, a kind of apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression
Zoom lens are by shell 9, pressure ring 1, pressure ring 2 11, pressure ring 3 12, pressure ring 4 13, pressure ring 5 14, pressure ring 6 15, plug, post
Fill in one 16, plunger 2 17, supplementary lens 1, rearmounted lens 6, lens 1, lens 23, lens 34, lens 45 and optics liquid
Body 1 and optical liquid 2 19 form.Wherein, first lens unit of the supplementary lens 1 as zoom lens.Lens 1, thoroughly
The second lens unit of mirror 23, lens 34, lens 45, optical liquid 1 and optical liquid 2 19 as zoom lens, mould
The layer structure of anthropomorphic crystalline lenses.In addition to pressure ring 3 12 is used for mounting portion except edge, the core of very thin thickness is used as should
The field stop of zoom lens, between lens 23 and lens 34, in the center of the lens unit of zoom lens second
Position.Threeth lens unit of the rearmounted lens 6 as zoom lens.Thus whole symmetrical expression zoom lens are formed.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, supplementary lens 1 is arranged in the groove of the front end of shell 9, is fixed by pressure ring 1；It is past successively
Mounted lens 1 in shell 9, pressure ring 2 11, lens elastomeric lenses 2, pressure ring 3 12, lens 34, pressure ring 4 13, lens 45,
Pressure ring 5 14, coordinated by the screw thread of plug 8 and shell 9, the part installed above inside shell 9 is fixed；It is rearmounted
Lens 6 are arranged in the groove of plug 8, are fixed by pressure ring 6 15 by screw；Pressure ring 2 11 and pressure ring 4 13 are equal in the same side
There is a through hole, it is relative with the groove on the madial wall of shell 9；There is a through hole side of pressure ring 3 12, with another through hole of shell 9
Relatively.Be full of optical liquid 1 in plunger 1, the through hole relative with the madial wall groove of shell 9 connects, also just with pressure ring two
11 connect with the through hole of pressure ring 4 13, and optical liquid 1 will be filled with first formed by lens 1, pressure ring 2 11, lens 23
Annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space formed by lens 34, pressure ring 4 13, lens 45；Optical liquid two is full of in plunger 2 17
19, another through hole connects with shell 9, and also the through hole just with pressure ring 3 12 connects, and optical liquid 2 19 will be filled with by lens two
3rd, the second annular seal space that pressure ring 3 12, lens 34 are formed.
As shown in figure 4, there is internal thread in the left side of shell 9, coordinated with the external screw thread of plug 8, for fixing and locking.Outside
A groove is reserved in the inner side of shell 9, and the heart has a through hole to be connected with plunger 1 in a groove.The opposite side of shell 9 also has a through hole,
Connected with plunger 2 17.
As shown in figure 5 and figure 7, pressure ring 2 11 and pressure ring 4 13 have a through hole in the same side, the groove phase with the inner side of shell 9
It is right, ensure that plunger 1 can be connected by the through hole and groove on shell 9 with the through hole of pressure ring 2 11 and pressure ring 4 13.Such as
Shown in Fig. 6, there is a through hole in the outside of pressure ring 3 12, and there are two through holes inner side, and its center diametrically, and connects inside pressure ring,
Ensure that plunger 2 17 can be connected by another through hole on shell 9 with two through holes of the inner side of pressure ring 3 12.
Deionized water is full of in plunger 1, its refractive index is Nq1=1.333；Ethyl silicon oil is full of in plunger 2 17, its
Refractive index is Nq2=1.438；Meet condition：Nq1<Nq2.Lens 1, lens 23, lens 34 and lens 45 are using solidification
PDMS material, its refractive index are Ns=1.404, meet condition：Nq1<Ns<Nq2.Solidify PDMS material by PDMS solution and curing agent
Mixing crosslinking curing forms, and mixed proportion uses 1:20.
Plunger 1 connects with relative to the through hole of the madial wall groove of shell 9, also just with pressure ring 2 11 and pressure ring 4 13
Through hole connect, deionized water will be filled with the first annular seal space formed by lens 1, pressure ring 2 11, lens 23 and by lens 34,
The 3rd annular seal space that pressure ring 4 13, lens 45 are formed；Another through hole connects plunger 2 17 with shell 9, also just with pressure ring 3 12
Through hole connection, ethyl silicon oil will be filled with the second annular seal space formed by lens 23, pressure ring 3 12, lens 34.Its work is former
Reason is as follows：When plunger 1 is toward injection deionized water in closed containing cavity, lens 1 and lens 45 will expand outward, and shape occurs
Become, now focal length diminishes；When plunger 2 17 is toward injection ethyl silicon oil in closed containing cavity, increased liquid volume acts on first
Lens 23 and lens 34, make it expand outward, deform upon；Because lens 23 and lens 34 expand outward, lens
1 and lens 45 will also expand outward, deform upon, now focal length diminishes.Conversely, when plunger 1 is taken out out of closed containing cavity
When going out deionized water, lens 1 and lens 45 bounce back inward, deform upon, and now focal length becomes big；When plunger 2 17 is from closed
When extracting ethyl silicon oil in cavity volume out, because liquid volume is reduced, lens 23 and lens 34 bounce back, deformed upon inward；Because
Lens 23 and lens 34 bounce back inward, so lens 1 and lens 45 will also bounce back inward, deform upon, and now focal length becomes
Greatly.By the independent control to two plungers, can in the zooming range of design requirement continuous vari-focus.
The explanation of above example is only intended to help the method and its core concept for understanding the present invention.It should be pointed out that pair
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvement and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens, including shell and the first lens list in shell
Member, the second lens unit, the 3rd lens unit, and stick harness one and stick harness two, first lens unit include supplementary lens
(1), the 3rd lens unit includes rearmounted lens (6), it is characterised in that：
Second lens unit includes pressure ring one (10), lens one (2), pressure ring two (11), lens two (3), pressure ring three successively
(12), lens three (4), pressure ring four (13), lens four (5) and pressure ring five (14), wherein, lens one (2), lens two (3), lens
Three (4), lens four (5) are transparent elastic lens；It is close that the lens one (2), lens two (3) and pressure ring two (11) form first
Chamber is sealed, the lens two (3), lens three (4) and pressure ring three (12) form the second annular seal space, the lens three (4), lens four
(5) and pressure ring four (13) forms the 3rd annular seal space, and the first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space are respectively by located at pressure ring two
(11) stick harness one (16) is connected with the passage on the through hole and shell on pressure ring four (13), second annular seal space passes through located at pressure
Passage connection stick harness two (17) on through hole and shell on ring three (12)；Diaphragm, the light are provided with the pressure ring three (12)
Door screen is at the center of the second lens unit, the field stop as the zoom lens；
Optical liquid one (18), the piston that the optical liquid one (18) passes through stick harness one (16) are filled in the stick harness one (16)
Act on the into or out first annular seal space and the 3rd annular seal space；Optical liquid two (19) is filled in the stick harness two (17),
Into or out second annular seal space of piston effect that the optical liquid two (19) passes through stick harness two (17).
2. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light
Learning liquid one (18) and optical liquid two (19) has different refractive indexes, meets condition：Nq1<Nq2, wherein Nq1It is optics liquid
The refractive index of body one (18), Nq2It is the refractive index of optical liquid two (19)；The lens one (2), lens two (3), lens three
(4), lens four (5) are made of same material, have identical refractive index Ns, and meet condition：Nq1<Ns<Nq2。
3. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Mirror one (2), lens two (3), lens three (4), the front and rear surfaces of lens four (5) are parabola, each paraboloidal shape and
Edge thickness optimizes calculating according to optical design requirements, and meets：Lens one (2), lens two (3), lens three (4) and thoroughly
Mirror four (5) is relative to pressure ring three (12) outwardly convex.
4. the apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim any one of 1-3, its feature exist
In：The supplementary lens (1) is arranged in the groove of shell (9) front end, fixed by pressure ring one (10).
5. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described
Two lens units are coordinated by the screw thread of plug (8) and shell (9) is mounted on shell (9) inside.
6. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：After described
Lens (6) are put in the groove of plug (8), are fixed by pressure ring six (15) by screw.
7. the apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the through hole on pressure ring two (11) and pressure ring four (13) and be located at the same side, and it is relative with the groove on shell (9) madial wall,
Form the passage of the optical liquid one (18).
8. apery crystalline lenses layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The pressure
Through hole on ring three (12) is relative with a through hole on shell (9), forms the passage of the optical liquid two (19).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510932318.8A CN105842840B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510932318.8A CN105842840B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105842840A CN105842840A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| CN105842840B true CN105842840B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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| CN201510932318.8A Expired - Fee Related CN105842840B (en) | 2015-12-15 | 2015-12-15 | Imitative crystalline lens layer structure symmetrical expression zoom lens |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106990459B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-09 | 宁波大学 | One kind flexible adjustable lens with multi-layer structure and variable-power optical system |
| JP7202066B2 (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2023-01-11 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | Variable focal length lens device |
| CN109839713B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-12-03 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Zoom assembly, lens assembly and camera module |
| CN110471152A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-19 | 深圳光峰科技股份有限公司 | Optical elements immobilizing structure and Lens assembly and illumination testing apparatus |
| WO2020051758A1 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-19 | 温州医科大学 | Model eye for fundus imaging system test |
| CN110187418B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-10-02 | 北京理工大学 | Liquid film lens combined zoom optical system |
| CN111552070B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-11-23 | 宁波大学 | Bionic flexible mobile optical imaging device |
| CN112433275B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-07-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Electromagnetic drive liquid optical focusing lens based on annular coil |
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