CN103575309B - The straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device - Google Patents
The straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device, relate to Fibre Optical Sensor field of measuring technique, the present invention is in order to solve existing laser sensor phase matched noise jamming, multiposition measuring precision is low, the problem that cost is high, the present invention includes pump light source, fibre optic isolater, wavelength division multiplexer, photodetector, detecting unit, M fiber coupler and M the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser, the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser comprises fiber grating, Er-doped fiber and speculum, fiber grating, Er-doped fiber and speculum are serially connected in light path successively, the output of the transducing signal of wavelength division multiplexer is communicated with the input of the transducing signal of photodetector, the output of the detection signal of photodetector is communicated with the input of the detection signal of detecting unit. the present invention is applicable to distributed measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fibre Optical Sensor field of measuring technique, it relates to, and dynamic physical amount is monitored, the distribution of multiposition Real-Time MonitoringFormula sensory field.
Background technology
Although common fiber grating is of many uses, because the bandwidth ratio of common grating is wider, the sensitivity of sensor veryDifficulty reaches high-precision requirement. Some geological prospectings, earthquake prediction, underwater acoustic measurement and safety monitoring etc. have important valueField is difficult to be applied, especially in the national defence field that needs high accuracy to detect. In addition due to ordinary optic fibre grating sensingThe light source of device uses wideband light source substantially, and the reflection power of fiber grating is low, also exists Rayleigh scattering to cause in transmissionOptical noise and loss, make the maximum monitoring distance of passive optical fiber grating sensor of the type be less than 25km. Limit pointCloth sensor is being grown apart from monitoring and measuring application. For addressing this problem, people have proposed fiber grating laser sensing technology, its profitWith using fiber grating as distributed feedback laser chamber mirror, write on active rare metal doped fiber, swash by pumpingLight produces single-frequency, narrow linewidth, high power, low noise laser class Fibre Optical Sensor, realizes output and the sensing one of laserThe sensing mode of changing. Solve existing passive fiber-optic grating sensor certainty of measurement and the low problem of noise.
In fiber laser sensor application aspect, be seldom improved its multiplexing number at present, increase pump light source utilization rateResearch, although this make fiber laser sensor at strong electromagnetic, under water, the occasion such as HTHP, deep-etching has advantage,But be limited to the not enough problem of its technology cost performance, be difficult to realize commercial applications. Therefore be badly in need of proposing a set of demodulation cheaplyScheme, realizes the extensive use of fiber laser sensor. Multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor is because it has Active Optical Fiber laser sensingThe advantage of device, and have and make simply, service condition is easy to the technical advantage realizing, the high and property of precision in sensor monitoringCan be stable, these advantages become extensive concern and research object. Utilize the premium properties of many longitudinal modes fiber laser sensor,Can realize low cost, simple in structure, the high-performance sensors with dynamic demodulation ability in conjunction with dynamic beat frequency demodulation techniques.
Periodical opticscommunication at 2013 Published in China Pharmacies " SimultaneousmeasurementofstrainAndtemperaturewithamulti-longitudinalmodeerbium-dopedfib erlaser " proposeWhen utilizing many longitudinal modes Er-doped fiber laser sensor to carry out stress and temperature, measure. Utilize many longitudinal modes fiber laser sensorTo the cross sensitivity of temperature and change of cavity length, realize temperature and strain are measured simultaneously. Publication number be CN102003970 inState's patent " optical fiber laser Dynamic Signal demodulation method " proposes to produce beat signal between electronics beat frequency demodulation mode implementation patternDemodulation, realize the dynamic demodulation ability of transducing signal. Publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN102636203 is " a kind of based on twoThe fiber grating sensing demodulation device of wavelength beat frequency technology " a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor demodulation based on dual wavelength beat frequency technology dress proposedPut, utilize the Fabry-Perot-type cavity of preparing grating, in conjunction with tunable bandpass filters, realize single longitudinal mode or many longitudinal modes ring cavityThe demodulation of laser sensor, what overcome the existing sensor based on beat frequency technology need to be in the restriction of the condition demodulation of single longitudinal mode.Publication number is that the Chinese patent " optical fiber-wireless hybrid sensing and monitoring system " of CN102706375 proposes many in conjunction with annular chamberThe hybrid sensing single-point detection system of longitudinal mode fiber laser sensor and wireless sensor technology.
Owing to utilizing grating that two parameters are consistent as fiber laser cavity mirror, wherein there is phase in conventional optical fibers laser sensorPosition coupling noise jamming, affects sensor measurement precision, in order further to improve the performance of sensor, proposes modified manyThe straight cavity sensor of longitudinal mode laser. The straight cavity sensor of modified multilongitudianl-mode laser is by fiber grating, Er-doped fiber and reflecting cavity mirrorConnect and compose, this sensor has lower pumping threshold, and structure is simplified more, and higher signal to noise ratio can realize high frequencyFrequency output, be conducive to combine with electrical type sensor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is needs multiple multilongitudianl-mode laser sensors in order to solve in existing measuring multiple parameters, and each is manyThe problem of longitudinal mode laser sensor and the wasting of resources high to the cost producing in requisition for a light source and demodulation light path, provides onePlant the straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device.
The straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device, it comprises pump light source, fibre optic isolater, rippleDivision multiplexer, photodetector, detecting unit, a M fiber coupler and M the straight chamber of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laserSensor, M is greater than 1 integer, and pump light source, fibre optic isolater, wavelength division multiplexer are serially connected in light path successively, rippleDivision multiplexer pump light output is connected in series M fiber coupler successively, output correspondence and a list of a fiber couplerThe straight cavity sensor of grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is communicated with, the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser comprise fiber grating,Er-doped fiber and speculum, fiber grating, Er-doped fiber and speculum are serially connected in light path successively, the sensing of wavelength division multiplexerThe output of signal is communicated with the input of the transducing signal of photodetector, the output of the detection signal of photodetector withThe input of the detection signal of detecting unit is communicated with.
Long by adjusting the resonator of the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser, comprise and set ordinary optic fibre and er-doped lightFine length, realizes the beat frequency rate interval difference of M the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser, claps by differenceAgain and again rate realizes M the straight cavity sensor difference of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser and location, realizes sensor measuring and locates fastWith analysis ability. How vertical the chamber mirror of the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser, owing to adopting grating and speculum, reducesMould laser straight cavity sensor cavity loss, the threshold value of the straight cavity sensor of reduction multilongitudianl-mode laser, optimizes intensity of light source utilization rate,Realize higher transformation efficiency, can excite higher beat frequency rate, greatly improve its technical advantage. Sensor is owing to simplifying choosing simultaneouslyMould mechanism, utilizes many longitudinal modes to carry out sensor measuring, can realize all-electronin beat frequency demodulation techniques, utilizes existing electrical type frequency spectrumThe low payment scheme of analyzing, realizes fast and reliable sensor information analysis.
The present invention utilizes between the frequency spectrum of the different straight cavity sensor of multiple single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser in beat frequency interval can notGeneration is crosstalked, and can in same optical fiber, transmit, and utilizes electronics beat frequency demodulation mode to realize simultaneously and will come from multiple monochromatic lightsThe beat frequency demodulates information of the straight cavity sensor of grid optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser, demodulation when realizing all the sensors, improves demodulationSpeed, realizes frequency division multiplexing ability.
The present invention has been realized and has been obtained M optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor senses letter simultaneously by a light source and demodulation light pathNumber output, realized M sensing probe multiplexing. What solved existing single optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor cannot be simultaneouslyKnow multiple positions physical quantity, and multiple optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor needs the problem of multiple light sources and demodulation light path. FallThe low application cost of sensor array, makes the application of sensing technology practical more economically. The beat frequency monitoring side that the present invention usesCase, is that the frequency signal of sensor is directly monitored, and frequency information is the same with wavelength information in essence, is not subject to intensity dryThe impact of disturbing, therefore it has very strong antijamming capability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is that in detailed description of the invention one, the straight chamber of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser passesThe structural representation of sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, how vertical single grating fibers is described in present embodimentMould laser straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing device, it comprises pump light source 1, fibre optic isolater 2, wavelength division multiplexer 3, photoelectricityDetector 4, detecting unit 7, a M fiber coupler 5 and M the straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser,M is greater than 1 integer, and pump light source 1, fibre optic isolater 2, wavelength division multiplexer 3 are serially connected in light path successively, wavelength-divisionThe output that multiplexer 3 pump light outputs are connected in series 5, one fiber couplers 5 of M fiber coupler is successively corresponding to oneThe straight cavity sensor 6 of individual single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is communicated with, and the straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser comprises lightFine grating 6-1, Er-doped fiber 6-2 and speculum 6-3, fiber grating 6-2, Er-doped fiber 6-1 and speculum 6-3 are successivelyBe serially connected in light path, the input of the transducing signal of the output of the transducing signal of wavelength division multiplexer 3 and photodetector 4 connectsLogical, the output of the detection signal of photodetector 4 is communicated with the input of the detection signal of detecting unit 7.
Can have multiple pattern output because fiber grating 6-1 exists in bandwidth range, fiber coupler 5 can be single by MMany longitudinal modes information of the straight cavity sensor 6 of grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is all collected, and heat transfer agent is returned by fiber coupler 5,And arrive high frequency light electric explorer (PD) 4 by wavelength division multiplexer 3, realize light beat signal be converted to electronics beat signal,These beat signals are realized monitoring by detecting unit 7. This M straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser due toChamber is long different, and the sign of difference using this as beat signal, realizes the addressing function to many longitudinal modes sensor, each signalRepresent a fiber laser sensor, corresponding cavity the longest long many longitudinal modes sensor of frequency minimum. By monitoring monochromatic light grid lightThe beat frequency rate that the straight cavity sensor 6 of fine multilongitudianl-mode laser produces changes, and analyzes the external physical quantity state that obtains.
The beat frequency rate ν that selects the straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser to produceNAs transducing signal, work as strainWhile being applied on multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor, strain causes that change of cavity length will cause the variation of mode spacing of the many longitudinal modes of laser,Finally show as the variation of beat frequency transducing signal frequency, it is expressed as follows:
PeFor optical fiber valid round backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio, the longitudinal strain of ε optical fiber. α is the thermal coefficient of expansion of optical fiber, the heat that ξ is optical fiberBackscatter extinction logarithmic ratio. ε and Δ T are respectively strain and the temperature informations being applied on optical fiber. L is resonator effective length, and n is lightFine resonator effective refractive index, c is light spread speed in a vacuum, N is positive integer. Variation by beat signal ICan monitor temperature or the variation of strain.
The straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is because the long difference in chamber produces beat frequency interval difference, and sensor laysAt any detecting location, detectable signal comprises the physical quantity informations such as stress, temperature, pressure, and the change of detection Physics amount causesFiber resonance cavity effective cavity length changes, and then causes the multilongitudianl-mode laser of its generation to interfere the beat frequency interval forming to change,Treat that measurement information is converted to beat frequency interval and changes, many longitudinal modes that the straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser self producesLaser is concerned with, and or not because multiplexing and produce between sensor and intersect and disturb, multiplied sensor signal can not be coupled to same optical fiberPassage, frequency information that different sensors produces changes can utilize photodetector 4 Direct Acquisitions, through opto-electronic conversion itAfter, to realize many longitudinal modes beat signal is converted to electronics beat signal, beat signal interval is not subject to electronic switch process influence,Solve generation interference in demodulating process and cause heat transfer agent demodulation distortion problem, electronics beat signal is divided by detecting unit 7Analyse, realize beat signal dynamic monitoring, by beat frequency rate change amount is calculated and obtained heat transfer agent.
The present invention adopts semiconductor laser as pump light source 1, and pumping wavelength is 980nm or 1480nm, and pump light is logicalCross and there is the fibre optic isolater that suppresses light action dorsad and enter M light to the 980nm end (1480nm end) of wavelength division multiplexer 3Output correspondence and the straight cavity sensor 6 of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser of 5, one fiber couplers 5 of fine couplerBe communicated with, the straight cavity sensor 6 of each single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is by a fiber grating 6-1, one section of Er-doped fiber6-2 and a speculum 6-3 composition, speculum 6-3 adopts Faraday mirror, pump light source 1 (980nm/1480nm)While providing luminous power to reach many longitudinal modes sensor threshold value, sensor will be exported 1550nm wave band of laser, laser carry sensorsHeat transfer agent, realize information sensing and transmit object with this, regulate sensor resonant cavity length, realize and set M sensingDevice beat signal frequency interval object, utilizes beat frequency rate interval difference to characterize the metrical information of different sensors, realizes multichannelSensor multiplexing. 1550 ends of wavelength division multiplexer are connected in to detector optical port, and detector is high frequency light electric explorer,The light beat signal of M sensor is converted to electronic signal by detector, by frequency detecting, learns in real time any sensorBeat frequency rate changes, and realizes sensing measurement object.
The present invention has been realized and has been obtained M the straight chamber of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser biography simultaneously by a set of light source and demodulation light pathSensor transducing signal, has realized M sensing probe multiplexing. Having solved existing single optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor cannot be sameTime know multiple positions physical quantity, and multiple optical fiber multilongitudianl-mode laser sensor needs many cover respective sources and demodulation light pathProblem. Reduce the use cost of sensor array, made the practical more economically of optical fiber sensing technology.
The beat frequency monitoring scheme that the present invention uses, is that the frequency signal of sensor is directly monitored, frequency information in essenceThe same with wavelength information, not disturbed by intensity impact, therefore it has very strong antijamming capability. It is multiple that the present invention has avoidedAssorted optics demodulation mode, all-electronin acquisition of signal, demodulation based on beat frequency can complete on a circuit board, have reducedMultiple interference in signal demodulating process, and greatly improved the integrated level of system, reduce the volume of system, reduceInterference noise, the while has also been reduced the cost of system.
The straight cavity sensor 6 of this list grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser is not limited to shape as shown in the figure, and chamber inner fiber can be according to realityNeed to adjust, can be wrapped in object under test surface, chamber infrared optical fiber can lay Position Design connecting length, chamber according to differenceInfrared optical fiber length variations does not affect sensor accuracy, is convenient to be applied in the particular surroundings to sensor bulk, status requirement harshnessLower use. The straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of this single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device can be applied in complex electromagnetic environmentUnder, realize physical message monitorings such as vibration, stress, temperature, be specially adapted to need large area monitoring, required precision is highThe traditional sensors that waits be difficult to the monitoring field of realizing, and have huge advantage in aerospace smart skins field. ThisBrightly be intended to propose the sensor array that a kind of real-time multichannel is monitored simultaneously, realize optical networking management.
Detailed description of the invention two: in conjunction with Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to single described in detailed description of the invention oneThe further restriction of the straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device, speculum 6-3 adopts FaradayMirror.
Photodetector 4 adopts high frequency light electric explorer, meets and surveys monitoring frequency requirement.
The present invention, by controlling the length in sensor resonant chamber, arranges the beat signal frequency interval of M sensor, allows differenceBeat signal frequency interval characterize the information of sensor of diverse location. Monitoring equipment can obtain the letter of different location in real timeCease, also can obtain the information of the different physical quantities in same place.
Instantiation of the present invention is as follows, and application scenarios includes but not limited to following instance:
One, the straight cavity sensor shape of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser of the present invention is changeable, by fiber resonance cavity around two postsBetween son, form a displacement transducer, by changing the optical fiber string coiling number of turns of center-to-center, can change displacement transducerYoung's modulus. Make its Young's modulus close to object to be detected by adjusting sensor Young's modulus, can be more trulyThe truth of reaction measurand. Pass being wound on two M on pillar the straight chambeies of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laserSensor is individually fixed in object diverse location, by the transducing signal to M the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laserCarry out integrated treatment, the detailed situation of change of each position while obtaining the deformation of object under test recurring structure, this structure can be for workIn industry production, structural strength is measured.
Two, sensor application can be realized all detections of bullet train in bullet train safety monitoring: a M sensorPosition covers, gather the caused sensor beat frequency of vibration signal and change, according to beat frequency information monitoring train whether in safetyOperation state, realizes train on-line real time monitoring object.
Because the probe of described sensor is made simply, only need setting sensor resonator long, utilize optical fiber splicer to get final product realBetween existing sensor component, connect, simple process is easy to industrial production; Sensor probe service condition is easy to realize simultaneously, withoutSingle mode operation, improves its industrial competition.
Claims (2)
1. the straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device, is characterized in that, it comprise pump light source (1),Fibre optic isolater (2), wavelength division multiplexer (3), photodetector (4), detecting unit (7), a M fiber coupler (5) and MSingle straight cavity sensor of grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser (6), M is greater than 1 integer, and the straight chamber of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser passesSensor 6 chambeies are long different; Pump light source (1), fibre optic isolater (2), wavelength division multiplexer (3) are serially connected in light path successively, and wavelength-division is multipleBe connected in series successively M fiber coupler (5) with device (3) pump light output, the output of a fiber coupler (5) is corresponding to oneThe straight cavity sensor of individual single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser (6) is communicated with, and the straight cavity sensor of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser (6) comprises lightFine grating (6-1), Er-doped fiber (6-2) and speculum (6-3), fiber grating (6-2), Er-doped fiber (6-1) and speculum (6-3)Be serially connected in successively in light path the transducing signal of the output of the transducing signal of wavelength division multiplexer (3) and photodetector (4) defeatedEnter end and be communicated with, the output of the detection signal of photodetector (4) is communicated with the input of the detection signal of detecting unit (7).
2. the straight cavity sensor frequency division multiplexing of single grating fibers multilongitudianl-mode laser device according to claim 1, is characterized in that,Speculum (6-3) adopts Faraday mirror.
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| CN103983286A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 天津大学 | Multi-parameter large-capacity optical fiber passive sensing networking system |
| CN108534986B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-03-31 | 安徽大学 | Multi-longitudinal-mode laser resonant cavity FSR measuring device and measuring method |
| CN113281015A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 | Rare earth doped optical fiber photodarkening testing device |
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| US4121155A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-10-17 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Position readout device |
| CN102538847A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Method of constructing bus type time division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensing network and bus type time division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensing network system |
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| GB0705240D0 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-04-25 | Qinetiq Ltd | Phase based sensing |
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| US4121155A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-10-17 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Position readout device |
| CN102538847A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Method of constructing bus type time division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensing network and bus type time division multiplexing fiber Bragg grating sensing network system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature with a multi-longitudinal mode erbium-doped fiber laser》;Liang Gao等;《Optics Communications》;20130226;第98页右栏第2段-101页左栏第2段以及附图1 * |
| 《光纤激光器多纵模动态观测及传感特性》;刘盛春等;《实验室研究与探索》;20130731;第32卷(第7期);第10=13页 * |
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