CN103574981B - A kind of construction system and method preparing low temperature refrigerant - Google Patents
A kind of construction system and method preparing low temperature refrigerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103574981B CN103574981B CN201210254376.6A CN201210254376A CN103574981B CN 103574981 B CN103574981 B CN 103574981B CN 201210254376 A CN201210254376 A CN 201210254376A CN 103574981 B CN103574981 B CN 103574981B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction system and the method for preparing low temperature refrigerant.Construction system comprises: refrigerant stores feed unit, absorption refrigeration unit, compression-type refrigeration unit and samming unit; Refrigerant connects samming unit after storing feed unit connection absorption refrigeration unit in parallel and compression-type refrigeration unit; Samming unit outlet line is divided into two: 4a and 4b, and pipeline 4a connects refrigerant user, and pipeline 4b is connected refrigerant after merging with refrigerant subscriber's outlet pipeline and stores feed unit; 4b pipeline is provided with control valve.Method comprises: refrigerant is divided into two parts after pressurization, enters absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit refrigeration respectively, then enters samming device mixing samming, obtained low temperature refrigerant.The present invention can utilize the waste heat of industrial hot water, steam condensate, geothermal water, solar energy and process-stream and used heat to produce the low temperature refrigerant that temperature range is-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, with economize energy, reduces the consumption of electric energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating field, furtherly, relate to a kind of construction system and the method for preparing low temperature refrigerant.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the method producing main employing " freezing by change of state " of industrial production and large-scale civil buildings cold.The method comprises two kinds of refrigeration modes (principle), explains the main points briefly as follows:
(1) according to the compression refrigerating machine that vapor compression refrigeration principle manufactures
The power of compression refrigerating machine is from electric energy, and refrigeration temperature levels is wide, from slightly lower than environment temperature to-150 DEG C.The single-machine capacity scope of compression refigerating machine is large, and specification is many; The single-unit cold of compression refrigerating machine from minimum about 100W, to thousands of kW.
(2) according to the Absorption Refrigerator that absorption refrigeration principle manufactures
The power of Absorption Refrigerator is from heat energy (or steam pressure reduces the energy produced).Since within 1859, trial-produceing First ammonia water absorbing refrigerator successfully, successively produce the Absorption Refrigerator of following three types according to absorption refrigeration principle.
● the steam-ejector refrigerating machine manufactured according to steam jet refrigeration principle
Steam-ejector refrigerating machine: the chilled water using produce 2 ~ 20 DEG C.When usually producing 10 DEG C or the higher chilled water of temperature, performance driving economy is better than other refrigeration machine; Under worst cold case (less than 8 DEG C), the economy of operation is lower than Absorption Refrigerator.In recent years, due to the technology constantly progress of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine, efficiency and performance are constantly improved, and the application of steam-ejector refrigerating machine is fewer and feweri.
● ammonia absorption refrigerating plant
Ammonia absorption refrigerating plant, be major impetus with heat energy, power consumption is less than compression refrigerating machine greatly.According to the utility unit utilizing underground heat developed the domestic eighties, can 65% be saved for its power consumption during freezer than ammonia compression refrigerating machine.
Ammonia absorption refrigerating plant is applicable to have surplus heat and can utilizes or occasion that fuel is cheap.The ammonia aspiration-type refrigeration machine of direct burning, its chilled water temperature produced can reach-20 DEG C ~-60 DEG C, when refrigerating capacity is greater than 1163kW, utilizes cheap fuel to be both economical.But ammonia absorption refrigerating plant is large due to heat transmission equipment area, invest large, the reasons such as efficiency is lower, are progressively replaced by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine developed thereafter.
● lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine
Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine take heat energy as major impetus, consumes electric energy little.Power consumption is only 5% of vapor compression refrigeration machine, even less.Less demanding to thermal source, various used heat, waste heat can be utilized.Such as higher than the steam of 20kPa gauge pressure, higher than the hot water of 75 DEG C, and underground heat, solar energy etc. all can utilize.
The refrigerant temperature scope of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine outlet, is generally 5 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C; Up to now, the refrigerant temperature of actual motion this kind of refrigeration machine outlet there is no lower than 5 DEG C.
As everyone knows, refrigerant is a kind of carrier transmitting and carry cold.In the industrial production, the cold that some process device and reactor need is realized by the rising of refrigerant temperature mostly.A lot of user needs the low temperature refrigerant of temperature below 5 DEG C, is all that to adopt be that the compression refrigerating machine of power is produced with electric power traditionally.Up to the present, not yet occur with low-temperature heat source being the compression refrigerating machine of power.In order to utilize the waste heat of hot water and steam condensate, utilizing the used heat etc. of underground heat and process-stream to produce low temperature refrigerant, adopting Absorption Refrigerator to be unique selection.But Absorption Refrigerator can not produce temperature lower than the refrigerant of 5 DEG C, and is restricted.
Summary of the invention
For solving problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of construction system and the method for preparing low temperature refrigerant, the waste heat of industrial hot water, steam condensate, geothermal water, solar energy and process-stream and used heat can be utilized to produce the low temperature refrigerant that temperature range is-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, with economize energy, reduce the consumption of electric energy.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of construction system preparing low temperature refrigerant.
Comprise: refrigerant stores feed unit, absorption refrigeration unit, compression-type refrigeration unit and samming unit;
Described refrigerant connects samming unit after storing feed unit connection absorption refrigeration unit in parallel and compression-type refrigeration unit; Samming unit outlet line is divided into two: 4a and 4b, and pipeline 4a connects refrigerant user, and pipeline 4b is connected refrigerant after merging with refrigerant subscriber's outlet pipeline and stores feed unit;
Described 4b pipeline is provided with control valve.
Respectively control valve A and control valve B is set at the outlet line of Absorption Refrigerator unit and the outlet line of compression-type refrigeration unit.
Described refrigerant stores feed unit and comprises: refrigerant storage tank and refrigerant pump;
Described absorption refrigeration unit comprises the Absorption Refrigerator of one or more parallel connection;
Described compression-type refrigeration unit comprises the compression refrigerating machine of one or more parallel connection;
Described samming unit comprises the samming device of one or more parallel connection.
The intake pipeline of described absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit and refrigerant store the refrigerant pump outlet of feed unit.
Specifically can by the following technical solutions:
● refrigerant storage and feed unit
This element comprises 1 refrigerant storage tank, 1 or multiple stage refrigerant pump.If multiple stage pump, then multiple stage pump adopts parallel-connection flow combination.
Refrigerant storage tank receives and stores the refrigerant that in external fresh refrigerant and above-mentioned square process, user returns.
● Absorption Refrigerator unit
This element comprises 1 or multiple stage Absorption Refrigerator.If multiple stage machine, then multiple stage machine adopts parallel-connection flow combination.
The type of Absorption Refrigerator: can select lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine, ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine and steam-ejector refrigerating machine, recommends lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine.
● compression refrigerating machine unit
This element comprises 1 or multiple stage compression refrigerating machine.If multiple stage machine, then multiple stage machine adopts parallel-connection flow combination.
The type of compression refrigerating machine: water-cooling type compression refigerating machine and Wind-cooling type compression refigerating machine can be selected.
● samming unit
This element comprises 1 or multiple stage samming device.If multiple stage samming device, then multiple stage samming device adopts parallel-connection flow combination.
If arrange multiple stage samming device, then every platform samming device can produce the low temperature refrigerant of 1 temperature grade; Run the low temperature refrigerant that n platform samming device just can produce n temperature grade simultaneously, to meet the different demands of user simultaneously simultaneously.This will be various producing in low temperature cold medium/device, only have the function that just can have by the low temperature cold medium/device designed by construction system of the present invention.
The type of samming device: filler hybrid samming device, orifice plate hybrid samming device can be selected, spray hybrid samming device, venturi hybrid samming device and the hybrid samming device of pipeline etc.
Two of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparing low temperature refrigerant.
Comprise: refrigerant is divided into two parts after pressurization, enter absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit refrigeration respectively, then enter samming device mixing samming, obtained low temperature refrigerant.
By the low temperature refrigerant pressure regulating the control valve be arranged on 4b pipeline to control the outflow of samming unit; Pressure limit is 0.06MPaG ~ 0.66MpaG.
By the temperature regulating the flow of absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit to control refrigerant; Refrigerant temperature scope is-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C.
Particularly,
Refrigerant pump is by the coolant adding from refrigerant storage tank or use the refrigerant returned to be pressurized to low pressure from atmospheric pressure through user;
Low pressure refrigerant is divided into two strands: wherein one flows through pipeline 1a, 1b, then flows through Absorption Refrigerator accommodation cold, and refrigerant temperature is reduced to 5 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C; Refrigerant after this cooling flows through pipeline 2a and control valve A, after adjust flux, then flows into samming device.
Refrigerant pump another burst of low pressure refrigerant out, flows through pipeline 1c, then flows through compression refrigerating machine accommodation cold, and refrigerant temperature is reduced to-46 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C.Refrigerant after this cooling flows through pipeline 3b and control valve B, after adjust flux, then flows into samming device.
Flow into the refrigerant after two bursts of coolings of samming device respectively, fully mix in samming device, samming, synthesize low temperature refrigerant.The temperature range of this low temperature refrigerant is-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, and consider from economic benefit, the temperature of low temperature refrigerant should not higher than 4.5 DEG C.
Samming device low temperature refrigerant out, flows through feed-line 4a, delivers to user's cooling; Low temperature refrigerant uses through user, after temperature raises, then through return line, flows back to refrigerant storage feed unit.
From samming device low temperature refrigerant feed-line 4a out, pick out a bypass line 4b and be communicated with refrigerant return line, and on by-pass line, a bypass regulator valve is set.When the refrigerant pressure in samming device outlet line raises, a small amount of low temperature refrigerant bypass flows into and returns refrigerant pipeline by this bypass regulator valve automatically, and the refrigerant pressure maintaining supply user meets the requirements.
In the present invention,
(1) described " refrigerant ", requires that it is under normal temperature, normal pressure, characteristic, conventional glycol water and the aqueous solution of propylene glycol etc. such as have nontoxic or low toxicity, freezing point is low, viscosity is low, partial vapour pressure is low and thermal conductivity factor is high.
(2) low temperature refrigerant: refer to and flow through samming device by Absorption Refrigerator and compression refrigerating machine two strands of refrigerants out respectively and the refrigerant of the fully rear synthesis of mixing.
(3) Absorption Refrigerator: refer to utilize heat energy to produce the equipment of cold, such as lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machine, ammonia water absorption refrigerating machine and steam-ejector refrigerating machine etc. for power.
(4) compression refrigerating machine: refer to utilize electric energy for power, produce the equipment of cold, such as water-cooling type compression refigerating machine, air-cooled compression refigerating machine etc.
During the present invention " prepares the framework of low temperature refrigerant ", refrigerant is divided into two strands, and wherein one refrigerant flows through the evaporimeter of lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, and temperature is reduced to more than 5 DEG C; And another strand of refrigerant flows through the evaporimeter of compression refrigerating machine, temperature can be reduced to 2 DEG C ~-46 DEG C.These two strands are reduced after the refrigerant of temperature flows through samming device mixing samming again, and the temperature of this low temperature refrigerant, according to the specific requirement of user, can design within the scope of-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C.So the temperature that the present invention produces low temperature refrigerant is lower, the refrigerant being the typical temperature produced due to lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine by samming device, caused by the refrigerant hybrid cooling of the very low temperature produced by compression refrigerating machine.
Core technology of the present invention is by Absorption Refrigerator and compression refrigerating machine parallel combination, then connect " samming device ", refrigerant pump, and uses pipeline communication between which, generates the technological process of producing low temperature refrigerant.Based on this technological process, the device that bamboo product and construction " produce low temperature refrigerant ".Like this, just can adopt Absorption Refrigerator, utilize used heat, waste heat, produce temperature lower than the low temperature refrigerant of 5 DEG C.
Effect of the present invention is: according to the technological process designed by framework of the present invention and method and commercial plant, the waste heat of industrial hot water, steam condensate, geothermal water, solar energy and process-stream and used heat can be utilized to produce the low temperature refrigerant that temperature range is-26 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, with economize energy, reduce the consumption of electric energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 construction system schematic diagram producing low temperature refrigerant of the present invention
Description of reference numerals:
1 refrigerant stores feed unit; 2 absorption refrigeration unit; 3 compression-type refrigeration unit;
4 samming unit; 5 refrigerant users; 6 control valves; 7 control valve A; 8 control valve B
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of construction system preparing low temperature refrigerant.
Comprise: refrigerant stores feed unit 1, absorption refrigeration unit 2, compression-type refrigeration unit 3 and samming unit 4;
After described refrigerant storage feed unit 1 connects absorption refrigeration unit 2 in parallel and compression-type refrigeration unit 3, connect samming unit 4; Samming unit 4 outlet line is divided into two: 4a and 4b, is connected refrigerant and stores feed unit 1 after pipeline 4a connection refrigerant user 5, pipeline 4b merges with refrigerant user 5 outlet line;
Described 4b pipeline is provided with control valve 6.
The intake pipeline of described absorption refrigeration unit 2 and compression-type refrigeration unit 3 and refrigerant store the refrigerant pump outlet of feed unit;
Respectively control valve A7 and control valve B8 is set at the outlet line of Absorption Refrigerator unit 2 and the outlet line of compression-type refrigeration unit 3.
Described refrigerant stores feed unit 1 and comprises: refrigerant storage tank 1; Refrigerant pump 1;
Described absorption refrigeration unit 2 comprises: 2 lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machines in parallel, and the refrigerating capacity of every platform refrigeration machine is 3000Kw/h, and outlet refrigerant temperature is 5.5 DEG C;
Described compression-type refrigeration unit 3 comprises and arranges 1 water-cooled compression refigerating machine, and the refrigerating capacity of separate unit machine is 4760Kw/h, and outlet refrigerant temperature is 1 DEG C;
Described samming unit 4 comprises 1 packing type samming device.
Low pressure refrigerant (or from refrigerant that user returns) from refrigerant storage tank is pressurized to 0.8MPaG from atmospheric pressure by refrigerant pump.Subsequently, this normal pressure refrigerant is divided into two strands, wherein stock-traders' know-how pipeline 1a, a 1b, to control flow respectively dirty in two lithium bromide absorption refrigeration machines.This normal pressure refrigerant flows through the evaporimeter of refrigeration machine, and the cold-producing medium in evaporimeter is evaporated, and draws the heat of normal pressure refrigerant, causes the refrigerant temperature flowing out evaporimeter to drop to 5.5 DEG C.From then on the refrigerant that two refrigeration machine temperature out in parallel are qualified, all flows into refrigerant house steward 2a, and under flow control valve A controls flow, flows into samming device.
From refrigerant pump another strand of normal pressure refrigerant out, flow through pipeline 1a, 1c, then flow through water-cooled compression refigerating machine and hold cold, refrigerant temperature is reduced to 1 DEG C.Refrigerant after this cooling flows through pipeline 3b, and after control valve B adjust flux, then flow into samming device.
In samming device, the refrigerant that two bursts of temperature are different flows through fully, mix samming equably after, the low temperature refrigerant temperature produced is 4.5 DEG C.Thereafter, samming device flow out meet user require low temperature refrigerant use through pipeline 4a diffluence user.Use the refrigerant that rear temperature raises, then flow through pipeline 4b and return refrigerant pump entrance.
Control valve 6 on bypass line between samming device outlet line 4a and user's refrigerant return line 4b is come into operation, pressure set points is generally 0.45MPaG, to guarantee refrigeration plant stable operation, and eliminate the impact of user's use amount fluctuation in time, provide enough low temperature refrigerants to user continuously.
A medium scale refrigeration plant is designed by the present embodiment, the temperature of requirement low temperature refrigerant is 4.5 DEG C, refrigerating capacity hourly is 10760kW, the operating time in year of refrigeration plant is 8000 hours refrigeration plants, its produce the energy consumption of refrigerant and energy consumption cost expense as follows: power consumption is per hour is about 1054.23kW, and annual power consumption is 8.438 × 10
6kW; Cooling water total consumption per hour is about 2285.6m
3/ h, annual total consumption is 18.285 × 10
6m
3; Energy consumption cost is per hour is about 1515.27 yuan, and the whole year is 1,212 ten thousand yuan.
Comparative example:
Select 2 water-cooled compression refigerating machines, the refrigerating capacity of every platform refrigeration machine is 5380KkW/h, and outlet refrigerant temperature is 4.5 DEG C.
This flow process is formed with unit 3 " compression refrigerating machine unit " tandem compound by unit 1 " refrigerant storage, feed unit "), briefly explain as follows: the refrigerant (or returning refrigerant) from refrigerant storage tank is pressurized to 0.8MPaG from atmospheric pressure by refrigerant pump, flow through low-pressure line 1a, 1c, under flow-control, enter two water-cooled compression refigerating machines in parallel respectively.Low pressure refrigerant flows through the evaporimeter of this refrigeration machine, and the cold-producing medium evaporation in evaporimeter, draws the heat of low pressure refrigerant, make the refrigerant temperature of outflow evaporimeter reach 4.5 DEG C.The refrigerant qualified from two refrigeration machines temperature out all flows into refrigerant house steward, be not less than under 0.45MPaG pressure from refrigeration plant flow to user use; Supply the refrigerant after cold/temperature rising to user, then flow through refrigerant return line, flow into refrigerant pump entrance.
Design one with the identical refrigeration plant of embodiment by comparative example, its produce the energy consumption of refrigerant and energy consumption cost expense as follows: power consumption is per hour is about 2324Kw, and annual power consumption is 18.592 × 10
6kW; Cooling water total consumption per hour is about 1622.6m
3/ h, annual total consumption is 12.98 × 10
6m
3; Energy consumption cost is per hour is about 2315.89 yuan, and the whole year is 1852.7 ten thousand yuan.
By showing after the above-mentioned Data Comparison of embodiment and comparative example, a medium scale refrigeration plant, adopts the refrigeration plant of the present invention's design to compare with the refrigeration plant traditionally designed, has following effect: the waste heat about 70 × 10 that can utilize hot water every year
6kW, annual economize on electricity about 10.158 × 10
6kW, annual energy charge can reduce 640.7 ten thousand yuan.
Comprehensive above discussion can be found out, low temperature refrigerant preparation method of the present invention, has economize energy, reduces power consumption and increases the benefits such as economic benefit.
Claims (7)
1. prepare a construction system for low temperature refrigerant, it is characterized in that described construction system comprises:
Refrigerant stores feed unit, absorption refrigeration unit, compression-type refrigeration unit and samming unit;
After described refrigerant storage feed unit connects absorption refrigeration unit in parallel and compression-type refrigeration unit with pipeline, then connect samming unit with pipeline; Samming unit outlet line is divided into two: 4a and 4b, and pipeline 4a connects refrigerant user, and pipeline 4b is connected refrigerant after merging with refrigerant subscriber's outlet pipeline and stores feed unit;
Described pipeline 4b is provided with control valve.
2. prepare the construction system of low temperature refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Respectively control valve A and control valve B is set at the outlet line of Absorption Refrigerator unit and the outlet line of compression-type refrigeration unit.
3. prepare the construction system of low temperature refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described refrigerant stores feed unit and comprises: refrigerant storage tank and refrigerant pump;
Described absorption refrigeration unit comprises the Absorption Refrigerator of one or more parallel connection;
Described compression-type refrigeration unit comprises the compression refrigerating machine of one or more parallel connection;
Described samming unit comprises the samming device of one or more parallel connection.
4. prepare the construction system of low temperature refrigerant as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that:
The intake pipeline of described absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit and refrigerant store the refrigerant pump outlet of feed unit.
5. adopt the method preparing low temperature refrigerant of the construction system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising:
Refrigerant is divided into two parts after pressurization, enters absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit refrigeration respectively, then enters samming device mixing samming, obtained low temperature refrigerant.
6. prepare the method for low temperature refrigerant as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that:
By the low temperature refrigerant pressure regulating the control valve be arranged on pipeline 4b to control the outflow of samming unit; Pressure limit is 0.06 ~ 0.66MpaG.
7. prepare the method for low temperature refrigerant as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that:
By the temperature regulating the flow of absorption refrigeration unit and compression-type refrigeration unit to control refrigerant; Refrigerant temperature scope is-26 ~ 8 DEG C.
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| KR100634843B1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2006-10-17 | 진금수 | Refrigerating mechine |
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Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee after: SINOPEC Group Patentee after: Sinopec Engineering Construction Co., Ltd Address before: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee before: Sinopec Engineering Construction Co., Ltd |