CN103572283B - The laser reinforcing process of perforating head - Google Patents

The laser reinforcing process of perforating head Download PDF

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CN103572283B
CN103572283B CN201310537063.6A CN201310537063A CN103572283B CN 103572283 B CN103572283 B CN 103572283B CN 201310537063 A CN201310537063 A CN 201310537063A CN 103572283 B CN103572283 B CN 103572283B
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alloy layer
laser
perforating head
alloy
transition
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CN103572283A (en
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刘勇
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Pizhou Runhong Industry Co., Ltd.
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Chongqing Radio and TV University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of laser reinforcing process of perforating head, first laser melting coating transition alloy layer on perforating head matrix surface, then on transition alloy layer laser melting coating high-strength alloy layer; The powdered alloy that described transition alloy layer adopts is nickel-base alloy, and the powdered alloy that described high-strength alloy layer adopts is cobalt base alloy.In this technique, transition alloy layer hardness ratio high-strength alloy layer is low, the high-strength alloy layer of hard high-wearing feature is played a transition role, built-up welding stress can well be alleviated, even if make top not preheating, unannealed, residual built-up welding stress also can not cause very large impact to the tissue of laser cladding layer, thus effectively avoid and carry out annealing and can affect cladding layer capability, perforating head surface hardness and wear resistance are significantly improved, saves preheating and annealing process also improves production efficiency simultaneously.

Description

The laser reinforcing process of perforating head
The application is divisional application, the application number of original application: 201210248964.9, invention and created name: the laser reinforcing process of perforating head, the applying date: 2012-07-18.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser cladding method, especially a kind of laser cladding method of perforating head surface.
Background technology
Along with the increase of China's weldless steel tube export volume, the consumption producing the spare part that weldless steel tube uses also increases year by year.Perforating head is the key tool of producing weldless steel tube, and the quality of the quality of perforating head and the length in work-ing life have direct impact to the Yield and quality of weldless steel tube and production cost.Perforating head operationally temperature is very high, and bears very large compound stress, there will be distortion in using, subside, steel bonding, the inefficacy such as cracking.China has the perforating head more than 1,000,000 to go out of use because of failure cause every year, and this numeral just increases year by year with the speed of more than 15%.If by these lost efficacy or new perforating head utilize laser melting and coating technique to process its surface, the more than one hundred million unit of materials cost can be saved every year.
The temperature that perforating head nose bears at work, friction ratio, impact are the highest, are positions the most easy to wear.Use laser melting and coating technique at the alloy material of outside surface built-up welding a layer thickness high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, high rigidity uniformly of perforating head nose, can make greatly improve the work-ing life of perforating head.At present, both at home and abroad for the laser melting and coating technique that perforating head adopts, be generally coming directly towards nickel base alloy layer or the cobalt-based alloy layer of outside surface built-up welding one deck hard high-wearing feature.Such as: Chinese patent literature CN101596551B(application number is: 200910088534.3) disclose a kind of pairing gold plating seamless steel tube top, Ni-based or the Co-based alloy coating at nose, the operate portions laser wide-band cladding of top, in aligning portion, parallel portion laser wide-band cladding iron alloy coating, obtain a kind of pairing gold plating seamless steel tube top.This pairing gold plating seamless steel tube top is at the different alloy layer of the different sites cladding of top.
Perforating head is in the process of laser melting coating, and inevitably produce built-up welding stress, these stress must be eliminated in time, otherwise cause fatal destruction to the tissue of laser cladding layer.Perforating head laser melting and coating process of the prior art all must carry out preheating to top, and anneals after built-up welding terminates, and to eliminate stress, not only operation is loaded down with trivial details, and production efficiency is slow, the hardness of cladding layer also can be made to reduce, there is certain problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one and carries out laser melting coating to perforating head surface, without the need to preheating before laser melting coating, without the need to annealing after laser melting coating, the laser reinforcing process of the perforating head that perforating head surface hardness and wear resistance can be made significantly to improve.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of laser reinforcing process of perforating head, first laser melting coating transition alloy layer on perforating head matrix surface, then on transition alloy layer laser melting coating high-strength alloy layer; The powdered alloy that described transition alloy layer adopts is nickel-base alloy, and the powdered alloy that described high-strength alloy layer adopts is cobalt base alloy.
The built-up welding stress produced in laser cladding process better can be alleviated in order to make transition alloy layer, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: the component of above-mentioned nickel-base alloy and weight percent content are C≤0.03%, Cr:15% to 19%, B:0.8% to 1.2%, Si:2% to 2.5%, all the other are Ni.Powdered alloy strictly controls the content of C, makes it be not more than 0.03%, is conducive to the wettability improving cladding layer, prevents from cracking in cladding process and pore; Simultaneously alloy is made to form matrix based on austenite after solidification by appropriate B, the Si of interpolation in powdered alloy; Cr element appropriate has in addition carried out alloy strengthening to nickel-base alloy.Although transition alloy layer at high temperature hardness is less than high-strength alloy layer, still there is good welding characteristic and mechanical property.
In order to make high-strength alloy layer, at high temperature there is higher hardness and wear resistance, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: the component of above-mentioned cobalt base alloy and weight percent content are C≤0.1%, Cr:19% to 21%, B:1.5% to 2.5%, Si:1.5% to 2.5%, W:5.5% to 6.5%, Ti:0.5% to 1.5%, Al:3% to 5%, all the other are Co.Powdered alloy strictly controls the content of C, makes it be not more than 0.1%, is conducive to the wettability improving cladding layer, prevents from cracking in cladding process and pore; Simultaneously alloy is made to form matrix based on austenite after solidification by appropriate B, the Si of interpolation in powdered alloy; Cr, W, Ti, Al element appropriate has in addition carried out alloy strengthening to cobalt base alloy, and plays antioxygenation, and high-strength alloy layer hardness at high temperature, wear resistance and welding characteristic are significantly promoted.
In laser cladding process, heat is concentrated in top nose tip, and a kind of preferred technical scheme is: adopt sectional type laser cladding method, from the nose tip of perforating head, carry out cladding piecemeal from front to back.Adopt the built-up welding stress that can make in this way to produce in laser cladding process more to disperse, reach stress equilibrium, even if thus ensure further not preheating, unannealed, built-up welding stress also can not affect the performance of cladding layer.
In order to better eliminate the built-up welding stress produced in laser cladding process, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: in laser cladding process, carry out vibration stress relief treatment to perforating head.Adopt this when stress produces just timely method of disperse even to eliminate, effectively can eliminate part built-up welding stress, even if thus further guarantee not preheating, unannealed, built-up welding stress also can not affect the performance of cladding layer.
In order to ensure the performance of cladding layer, better eliminate built-up welding stress, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: laser melting coating adopts the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out the scanning of continuous helical feeding overlap joint to perforating head with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser; Laser power is 1500W to 1900W, and absolute altitude is 260mm to 275mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 110mm/min to 140mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 12g/min to 18g/min.Adopt broad band laser bundle, contribute to the efficiency of raising work; Adopt the mode of preset powder feeding, strict control powder sending quantity, and laser power, sweep velocity, amount of lap etc. are optimized, can make bores a hole, and to determine the deflection of head little, the fusion rate of cladding layer and matrix is high, combine closely, the homogeneity of structure of cladding layer is good, thickness and hardness even.
In order to make perforating head obtain better strengthening effect, and ensure the quality of the rear perforating head of strengthening, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: before laser melting coating, carry out pre-treatment to the surface of perforating head; After laser melting coating, perforating head is detected.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: laser reinforcing process first first laser melting coating one deck transition alloy layer on matrix of perforating head of the present invention, laser melting coating one deck high-strength alloy layer on transition alloy layer again, transition alloy layer hardness ratio high-strength alloy layer is low, the high-strength alloy layer of hard high-wearing feature is played a transition role, built-up welding stress can well be alleviated.Even if this technique makes top not preheating, unannealed, residual built-up welding stress also can not cause very large impact to the tissue of laser cladding layer, thus effectively avoid and carry out annealing and can affect cladding layer capability, perforating head surface hardness and wear resistance are significantly improved, hardness can reach 58 to 62HRC, saves preheating and annealing process also improves production efficiency simultaneously.This technique makes perforating head longer service life, also can be used for perforating head inefficacy to repair, be conducive to saving material and resource, be conducive to reducing seamless steel tube production cost, be conducive to reducing the pollution of discarded perforating head to environment, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
The concrete steps of the laser reinforcing process of the perforating head of the present embodiment are as follows:
A. pre-treatment is carried out to the surface of perforating head.
By removings such as the dust on perforating head, greasy dirt, corrosions; Detect the size at each position; And clean.
B. laser melting coating is carried out to the surface of perforating head.
Adopt sectional type laser cladding method, from the nose tip of perforating head, (top nose tip is front end, and top external diameter maximum is rear end) carries out laser melting coating to the surface of perforating head piecemeal from front to back.First cladding one deck transition alloy layer on perforating head matrix surface, then on transition alloy layer cladding one deck high-strength alloy layer.In laser cladding process, ceaselessly knock perforating head with copper rod, perforating head is vibrated thus eliminates welding stress.
Laser melting coating adopts the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out the scanning of continuous helical feeding overlap joint to perforating head with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser.Laser power is 1700W, and absolute altitude (namely laser apparatus is from the distance between Substrate, absolute altitude=focal length+defocusing amount) is 270mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 120mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 15g/min.The powdered alloy that transition alloy layer adopts is nickel-base alloy, and its component and weight percent content are C:0.03%, Cr:17%, B:1%, Si:2.2%, and all the other are Ni.The powdered alloy that high-strength alloy layer adopts is cobalt base alloy, and its component and weight percent content are C:0.1%, Cr:20%, B:2%, Si:2%, W:6%, Ti:1%, Al:4%, and all the other are Co.
C., after laser melting coating terminates, perforating head is detected.
Detect surface hardness; Detect deflection; According to the requirement of drawing, mechanical workout is carried out to perforating head surface; Carry out permeation flaw detection, detect the defect whether having the impact top mechanical propertys such as pore, slag inclusion, slight crack; Verify, whether quality inspection is qualified.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to spirit institute's apparent change of extending out of the present invention or change and are still among protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a laser reinforcing process for perforating head, is characterized in that: first laser melting coating transition alloy layer on perforating head matrix surface, then on transition alloy layer laser melting coating high-strength alloy layer; The powdered alloy that described transition alloy layer adopts is nickel-base alloy, and the powdered alloy that described high-strength alloy layer adopts is cobalt base alloy;
The component of described nickel-base alloy and weight percent content are C=0.03%, Cr: 15% to 19%, B: 0.8% to 1.2%, Si: 2% to 2.5%, and all the other are Ni;
The component of described cobalt base alloy and weight percent content are C=0.1%, Cr: 19% to 21%, B: 1.5% to 2.5%, Si: 1.5% to 2.5%, W: 5.5% to 6.5%, Ti: 0.5% to 1.5%, Al: 3% to 5%, and all the other are Co;
Laser melting coating adopts the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out the scanning of continuous helical feeding overlap joint to perforating head with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser; Laser power is 1500W to 1900W, and absolute altitude is 260mm to 275mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 110mm/min to 140mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 12g/min to 18g/min;
In laser cladding process, vibration stress relief treatment is carried out to perforating head.
CN201310537063.6A 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 The laser reinforcing process of perforating head Active CN103572283B (en)

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CN201310537031.6A Active CN103572281B (en) 2012-07-18 2012-07-18 Without the need to the laser reinforcing process of the perforating head of annealing after laser melting coating
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CN103769794A (en) * 2014-01-07 2014-05-07 烟台开发区蓝鲸金属修复有限公司 Strengthening method of surface of piercing plug of seamless steel tube rolling mill
CN103898518B (en) * 2014-03-24 2017-04-19 杭州大冶激光科技有限公司 Repairing method of cracks on roll surface of back-up roll of rolling mill
CN104588931A (en) * 2014-12-04 2015-05-06 常州大学 Surfacing method for seamless tube piercing plug
CN105018857A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-04 宁波市鄞州文昌金属制品有限公司 High-temperature-resistant steel pipe piercing plug
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CN107243587B (en) * 2017-06-10 2019-04-26 南京采青五金制品有限公司 A kind of punching machine rushes stick
CN108179417B (en) * 2018-01-17 2019-12-06 河南省煤科院耐磨技术有限公司 manufacturing method of large-size bimetal wear-resistant corrosion-resistant composite plate
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CN109136802B (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-05-29 沈阳工业大学 Laser pretreatment corrosion-resistant strengthening process for aluminum alloy
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CN110205561B (en) * 2019-06-20 2021-02-12 芜湖点金机电科技有限公司 Reinforced seamless steel pipe piercing plug and preparation method thereof
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CN111020566A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-17 株洲辉锐增材制造技术有限公司 Motor shaft gray cast iron end cover surface laser cladding modification method and application thereof
CN112474808A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-12 九江职业大学应用技术研究所 Seamless steel pipe piercing plug and preparation method thereof
CN112846637A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 In-situ repairing method for collapse of support surface of cutter shaft of heading machine and cutter shaft of heading machine
CN113913722A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-01-11 泰尔(安徽)工业科技服务有限公司 Surface composite coating of mandrel for rolling seamless steel tube and preparation method thereof
CN114481127A (en) * 2022-02-10 2022-05-13 安徽中科春谷激光产业技术研究院有限公司 Cladding process for laser cladding reinforced punch

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CN103572283A (en) 2014-02-12
CN103572281B (en) 2015-09-30
CN103572281A (en) 2014-02-12
CN102732878B (en) 2013-12-18
CN102732878A (en) 2012-10-17

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