CN103571542A - Hydrocarbon energy conversion method and hydrogen-rich gas generating furnace - Google Patents
Hydrocarbon energy conversion method and hydrogen-rich gas generating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103571542A CN103571542A CN201210282468.5A CN201210282468A CN103571542A CN 103571542 A CN103571542 A CN 103571542A CN 201210282468 A CN201210282468 A CN 201210282468A CN 103571542 A CN103571542 A CN 103571542A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrocarbon energy conversion method and a hydrogen-rich gas generating furnace, which can be used for converting coal or biomass fuels with large water content, household garbage and industrial and agricultural organic wastes into hydrogen-rich gas. The hydrogen-rich gas generating furnace is characterized by being composed of an upper furnace body, a middle furnace body and a lower furnace body, wherein a high-temperature gas outlet of the upper furnace body is connected to a gas inlet of a side heat exchanger; the hydrocarbon energy conversion method comprises the following steps: oxygen and water vapor in a hearth of the middle furnace body flow from top to bottom and sequentially form a drying and dehydrating region, an upper oxygen-rich combustion region, an upper oxygen-poor combustion region and an upper anoxic combustion region from top to bottom; oxygen and water vapor in a hearth of the lower furnace body flow from bottom to top and sequentially form a lower oxygen-rich combustion region, a lower oxygen-poor combustion region and a lower anoxic combustion region from bottom to top; carbon or organic matters generate new matters with the oxygen and the water vapor in a high-temperature environment with the continuous change of energy, a hydrogen-rich gas mainly containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated finally, the hydrogen-rich gas flows towards the side heat exchanger through a vertical gas pipe, and the hydrogen-rich gas is conveyed to a user through a low-temperature gas outlet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy, it is the method for utilizing hydrocarbon Conversion of energy, makes biomass fuel, domestic refuse and industrial or agricultural organic waste that coal or water content are large be converted into clean energy---hydrogen-rich combustion gas.
Background technology
At present, known numerous gas producer using solid fuel, thermo-efficiency is low, the volatile matter of separating out in combustion processes, tar and obnoxious flavour can not get good processing, and fuel combustion is insufficient, and flue dust can not effectively be processed, not only waste energy, and environment is had to pollution; Conventional garbage treatment technology can not be satisfied the demand, and garbage-surrounded city is startling, is badly in need of Improvement and perfection; Current, biomass are as energy utilization, and technical problem is many, and difficulty is large, and benefit is low, makes slow progress.The present invention is the method for utilizing hydrocarbon Conversion of energy, makes carbon or organism be converted into hydrogen-rich combustion gas, can effectively solve above-mentioned technological deficiency and deficiency.
Summary of the invention
The method and the hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy, its rate of combustion is high, and oxygen consumed amount is few, and discharged nitrous oxides is few, is conducive to energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Scientific basis of the present invention is: in chemical reaction process, in the process of the old chemical bond rupture experiencing when reactant changes resultant into and new formation of chemical bond, not only have novel substance to generate, and be accompanied by the variation of energy.Destroy old chemical bond, need to absorb certain energy and overcome the interaction between atom (or ion); While forming new chemical bond, discharge again certain energy.In chemical reaction process, if form the energy that the energy of new chemical bond release is greater than the required absorption of the old chemical bond of fracture, after reaction starts, just have certain energy and discharge with forms such as heat energy, electric energy or luminous energy; If the energy that forms new chemical bond release is less than the energy of the required absorption of the old chemical bond of fracture, needs constantly to absorb energy and just can make reaction continue to carry out.Therefore, the process of chemical reaction can be regarded as to " storage " energy (chemical energy) in material inside and be converted into heat energy, electric energy or luminous energy etc. and discharge, or heat energy, electric energy or luminous energy etc. are converted into the process that the energy (chemical energy) of material inside is got up by " storage ".The present invention produces hydrogen-rich combustion gas according to the method for above-mentioned principle utilization " hydrocarbon Conversion of energy ", and it can not only realize coal smokeless combustion, is more suitable for biomass fuel, domestic refuse and industrial or agricultural organic waste that water content is large and is converted into clean energy use.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: carbon (or organism) and hydrogen (clean energy), can be considered is the carrier of energy, can realize " hydrocarbon Conversion of energy " in certain chemical reaction process.Its method is: carbon (or organism), oxygen and water are placed in to certain hot environment, and carbon and oxygen generate carbon monoxide (or carbonic acid gas) and discharged energy; Organism absorbs energy and generates volatile matter, tar, fixed carbon and hydrogen (or hydrocarbon polymer), hydrogen " storage " energy, its volatile matter, tar or fixed carbon and oxygen generate again carbon monoxide (or carbonic acid gas) and release energy; Water absorbs energy and generates hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen " storage " energy, its oxygen generates one with carbon again to be changed carbon (or carbonic acid gas) and has discharged energy, but the energy discharging is less than the rupture energy of the required absorption of old chemical bond of water, and water will constantly absorb energy just can make reaction continue to carry out.Therefore, constantly provide by a certain percentage oxygen, carbon (or organism) and water, just can make chemical reaction continue, realize energy and ceaselessly transform between carbon and hydrogen, constantly generate hydrogen-rich combustion gas.The method of a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy of the present invention and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, it can effectively realize coal or large biomass fuel, domestic refuse and the industrial or agricultural organic waste of water content is converted into clean energy use.It is characterized in that: a kind of method of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, its hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer by upper furnace body, in body of heater and lower furnace body be sequentially composed of a fixed connection, the high-temperature fuel gas outlet of upper furnace body is connected with the inlet mouth of side interchanger, the method of its hydrocarbon Conversion of energy is: in the burner hearth of middle body of heater, oxygen and water vapor flow from top to bottom, and order forms drying and dewatering district from top to bottom, upper oxygen-enriched combusting district, upper combustion with meagre oxygen district He Shang anoxycausis district, in the burner hearth of lower furnace body, oxygen and water vapor flow from bottom to top, and sequence from low to uper part forms lower oxygen-enriched combusting district, lower combustion with meagre oxygen district He Xia anoxycausis district, on, lower anoxycausis district is connected as a single entity, in hot environment, carbon (or organism) and mobile water vapor and oxygen, be accompanied by the variation of energy, constantly generate new material, last main mixed gas---the hydrogen-rich combustion gas that generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen, hydrogen-rich combustion gas flows to side interchanger by gas riser, through low temperature gas outlet, deliver to user.A. upper furnace body is provided with fuel inlet, high-temperature fuel gas outlet, and fuel inlet can be connected with feed mechanism.B. middle body of heater consists of pressurized water jacket, which is provided with vapor outlet port, enterprising gas port, observes fire door, middle inlet mouth, gas riser and material level funnel, and it observes fire door also can do the use of cross-feed mouth, and used time Ke Yu cross-feed mechanism connects.C. lower furnace body consists of constant pressure water jacket, which is provided with a plurality of observation windows, annular preheating tube, a plurality of radial nozzles, liquid slag bath, melt cinder outlet, lower inlet mouth, draws slag hearth door.E. the side interchanger being connected with the high-temperature fuel gas outlet of upper furnace body is by water seal tank, gas communicating pipe, water communicating pipe, depositing dust conical sleeve, side interchanger outer cylinder body, side interchanger standpipe, low temperature gas outlet formation.
With pipeline, water-in and the water outlet of lower furnace body 13, middle body of heater 17 and side interchanger 25 are connected in series, on the connecting pipeline of lower furnace body 13 and middle body of heater 17, be provided with water pump 5, be used to middle body of heater 17 moisturizings, to guarantee constantly to produce steam, the external plenum chamber of vapor outlet port.Enterprising gas port 16, middle inlet mouth 14 is connected with oxygen station with plenum chamber respectively with lower inlet mouth 11, and is respectively equipped with adjustable valve, so that the allocation proportion of steam regulation and oxygen and uninterrupted.Low temperature gas outlet 32 connects induced draft fan, and induced draft fan can stepless speed regulation.
On the different positions of lower furnace body 13, middle body of heater 17, upper furnace body 18 and side interchanger 25, be provided with some temperature sensors, by the temperature signal input measurement and control center of the combustion gas measuring at random, steam and water; Different positions at lower furnace body 13 and middle body of heater 17 burner hearths is provided with thermopair, by the furnace temperature signal input measurement and control center measuring at random; In high-temperature fuel gas outlet 2 or low temperature gas outlet 32 places, establish gas analyzer probe, and by the gaseous constituent signal input measurement and control center measuring at random.Signal, after measurement and control center processes, sends instruction, regulates and controls respectively rotating speed and the allocation proportion of steam and oxygen and the size of flow of induced draft fan, to meet different needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of third embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile in Fig. 1
Fig. 5 is the B-B profile in Fig. 2
Shown in figure, be labeled as: fuel inlet 1, high-temperature fuel gas outlet 2, gas riser 3, material level funnel 4, water pump 5, observation window 6, annular preheating tube 7, radial nozzles 8, liquid slag bath 9, melt cinder outlet 10, lower inlet mouth 11, draw slag hearth door 12, lower furnace body 13, middle inlet mouth 14, observe fire door 15, enterprising gas port 16, middle body of heater 17, upper furnace body 18, horizontal feed door 19, on put interchanger 20, middle temperature gas outlet 21, on put interchanger standpipe 22, deashing fire door 23, keep off fiery circular cone 24, side interchanger 25, water seal tank 26, gas communicating pipe 27, water communicating pipe 28, depositing dust conical sleeve 29, side interchanger outer cylinder body 30, side interchanger standpipe 31, low temperature gas outlet 32.In figure, arrow is depicted as gas flow direction.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the invention, after lighting and lighting a fire, once fills it up with fuel, and close fuel inlet 1, according to the gas component of high-temperature fuel gas outlet 2, regulate respectively lower inlet mouth 11, middle inlet mouth 14, air inlet ratio and flow in enterprising gas port 16, to meet different needs; Regulate the upper-lower position of material level funnel 4, change the height of the burning bed of material, to adapt to the needs of different fuel burning feature; Melt cinder outlet 10 is carried out to mudding, when liquid slag is abundant, open mudding, start liquid deslagging, melt cinder can be made building materials.
In running, in the burner hearth of middle body of heater 17, be positioned at the fuel of material level funnel below 4 through baking dehydration, water heat up to form the oxygen of steam and enterprising gas port 16 and steam one and coexists under the effect of pressure reduction, top-down mobile; Shang oxygen-enriched combusting district, the flame that the volatile matter that fuel combustion is separated out and tar and oxygen and steam form, top-down flowing under the effect of pressure reduction; Water vapor, volatile matter and tar in flowing constantly heat up cracking, cracking, generate new material and be accompanied by energy variation, and oxygen exhausts gradually, and fuel generates fixed carbon gradually; Flame You Shang combustion with meagre oxygen district enters anoxycausis district, and wherein carbonic acid gas and carbon generate carbon monoxide; Water vapor constantly absorbs energy and generates hydrogen and oxygen in flowing, and its oxygen and carbon (or hydrocarbon polymer) generate again carbon monoxide (or carbonic acid gas) and hydrogen; Flame has generated carbon monoxide and hydrogen gradually in downward mobile Zhong，Shang anoxycausis district be main air mixture---hydrogen-rich combustion gas.In the burner hearth of lower furnace body 13, by the oxygen of lower inlet mouth 11 and steam flowing from bottom to top; Xia oxygen-enriched combusting district, oxygen and high temperature fixed carbon generate carbonic acid gas and discharge heat energy; Gas continues upwards to flow into lower combustion with meagre oxygen district, and oxygen exhausts gradually and enters lower anoxycausis district, and carbonic acid gas and high temperature fixed carbon generate carbon monoxide; Water vapor make progress flow in absorb energy generation hydrogen and oxygen, its oxygen and high temperature fixed carbon generate again carbon monoxide (or carbonic acid gas); Gas has generated gradually in the mobile Zhong，Xia anoxycausis district making progress that to take carbon monoxide and hydrogen be main air mixture---hydrogen-rich combustion gas.The hydrogen-rich combustion gas that upper anoxycausis district He Xia anoxycausis district generates, discharges through gas riser 3, high-temperature fuel gas outlet 2, as heating gas, uses.High-temperature fuel gas temperature out can design definite by quantity and the length of gas riser 3.The size of the steam of inlet mouth 14 and the allocation proportion of oxygen and flow in adjusting, can change intensity of combustion and the temperature of burner hearth.
Under negative pressure state: open and observe fire door 15, can check stove internal combustion situation; Open and draw slag hearth door 12, can process ash erosion accident; Open observation window 6, can be used for poking fire and disintegrating slag, while closing, can utilize glass vision panel to observe combustion case.In operation process, fuel is constantly separated out volatile matter and tar and is generated fixed carbon, and fixed carbon burning generates lime-ash, volume-diminished, so the continuous down sliding of fuel falls the comburant (-rent) layer height that remains certain, and it is worked well.Fixed carbon You Shang anoxycausis district Dao Xia oxygen-enriched combusting district, exhausts generation lime-ash gradually, and lime-ash is fused to liquid slag bath 9, through melt cinder outlet 10, discharges.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the invention, and it is fixedly connected with on middle body of heater 17 puts interchanger 20 formations, and has removed material level funnel 4 and middle inlet mouth 14, and has set up center isolation water jacket and center port lid with holes; Observe fire door 15 and change horizontal feed door 19 into, and can be connected with horizontal feed mechanism.Utilize the fiery circular cone 24 of gear to change combustion gas direction and be beneficial to depositing dust, open deashing fire door 23He center port lid for removing flue dust; The second embodiment can adopt rotation blast cap break deslagging and upper and lower air blast or forced draft induced draft to mix and use; Middle temperature gas outlet 21 meets user.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of third embodiment of the invention, and it is the combination of the first embodiment and side interchanger 25.The hydrogen-rich combustion gas that upper anoxycausis district He Xia anoxycausis district generates, through gas riser 3, the high-temperature fuel gas outlet 2 side interchanger 25 of flowing through, through the 31 twice heat exchange cooling of side interchanger standpipe and depositing dust conical sleeve 29 twice depositing dust, flue dust enters water seal tank 26; Hydrogen-rich combustion gas is delivered to user through low temperature gas outlet 32 by induced draft fan.
The present invention has: simple in structure, be easy to processing and manufacturing, and to the strong adaptability of fuel, fuel source is extensive, and fuel price is low, economic operating cost.
Each state, all at the new forms of energy of making great efforts exploitation energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduces carbon emission, reply climate change.Therefore, the present invention has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Claims (5)
1. the present invention relates to a kind of method and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy, it can effectively realize coal or large biomass fuel, domestic refuse and the industrial or agricultural organic waste of water content is converted into clean energy use.It is characterized in that: a kind of method of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, its hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer by upper furnace body, in body of heater and lower furnace body be sequentially composed of a fixed connection, the high-temperature fuel gas outlet of upper furnace body is connected with the inlet mouth of side interchanger, the method of its hydrocarbon Conversion of energy is: in the burner hearth of middle body of heater, oxygen and water vapor flow from top to bottom, and order forms drying and dewatering district from top to bottom, upper oxygen-enriched combusting district, upper combustion with meagre oxygen district He Shang anoxycausis district, in the burner hearth of lower furnace body, oxygen and water vapor flow from bottom to top, and sequence from low to uper part forms lower oxygen-enriched combusting district, lower combustion with meagre oxygen district He Xia anoxycausis district, on, lower anoxycausis district is connected as a single entity, in hot environment, carbon (or organism) and mobile water vapor and oxygen, be accompanied by the variation of energy, constantly generate new material, last main mixed gas---the hydrogen-rich combustion gas that generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen, hydrogen-rich combustion gas flows to side interchanger by gas riser, through low temperature gas outlet, deliver to user.
2. the method for a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy according to claim 1 and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, is characterized in that: upper furnace body is provided with fuel inlet, high-temperature fuel gas outlet, and fuel inlet can be connected with feed mechanism.
3. the method for a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy according to claim 1 and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, it is characterized in that: middle body of heater consists of pressurized water jacket, which is provided with vapor outlet port, enterprising gas port, observe fire door, middle inlet mouth, gas riser and material level funnel, it observes fire door also can do the use of cross-feed mouth, and used time Ke Yu cross-feed mechanism connects.
4. the method for a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy according to claim 1 and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, it is characterized in that: lower furnace body consists of constant pressure water jacket, which is provided with a plurality of observation windows, annular preheating tube, a plurality of radial nozzles, liquid slag bath, melt cinder outlet, lower inlet mouth, draw slag hearth door.。
5. the method for a kind of hydrocarbon Conversion of energy according to claim 1 and hydrogen-rich combustion gas producer thereof, it is characterized in that: the side interchanger being connected with the high-temperature fuel gas outlet of upper furnace body is by water seal tank, gas communicating pipe, water communicating pipe, depositing dust conical sleeve, side interchanger outer cylinder body, side interchanger standpipe, low temperature gas outlet forms.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110358582A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-10-22 | 新能能源有限公司 | A kind of fine coal hydrogasification device |
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| CN101580740A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-11-18 | 徐州燃控科技股份有限公司 | Preheated multistage air distribution gasification process for fixed bed straws |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110358582A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-10-22 | 新能能源有限公司 | A kind of fine coal hydrogasification device |
| CN110358582B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2023-12-26 | 新能能源有限公司 | Pulverized coal hydro-gasification device |
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Application publication date: 20140212 |