CN103561824A - Use of a reticulated dextran polymer as a filter against the inhalation of substances injurious to the health - Google Patents
Use of a reticulated dextran polymer as a filter against the inhalation of substances injurious to the health Download PDFInfo
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- CN103561824A CN103561824A CN201280017342.3A CN201280017342A CN103561824A CN 103561824 A CN103561824 A CN 103561824A CN 201280017342 A CN201280017342 A CN 201280017342A CN 103561824 A CN103561824 A CN 103561824A
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- filter
- gel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D9/00—Composition of chemical substances for use in breathing apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention concerns the use of an electrostatically charged reticulated dextran polymer, as for example QAE Sephadex TM , as nasal filter against the inhalation of substances harmful to the health, such as, for example, atmospheric particulate matter, or for the preparation of cigarette filters suitable to lower the percentage of inhaled tar.
Description
The present invention relates to the application using netted dextran polymer as the filter of the anti-material suction that is harmful to health.The netted dextran polymer that the present invention be more particularly directed to static electrification lotus is QAE for example
the application of the nose filter for example, sucking as the anti-material (Atmospheric particulates) that is harmful to health, or the application in the preparation of cigarette filter that is suitable for reducing tar and sucks percentage.
For resident, and for short-term or for the professional working out of doors for a long time, for a variety of reasons, being exposed under the Atmospheric particulates of air-borne transmission in urban environment is a kind of risk source.Moreover, smoking has also aggravated this problem, and the people of non-smoking is because passive smoking stands in the breach.
In recent years, for the basic principle of safeguarding human health, taked multiple counter-measure, for example fuel upgrading is equipped with the filter that is suitable for reducing emission of substance on high efficience motor, etc.
But due to air pollution, particularly, owing to sucking " Atmospheric particulates ", breathing problem continues to increase, and should " Atmospheric particulates " can be divided into PM according to particle diameter
10, PM
5, PM
2,5, PM
1, wherein digitized representation be take the average grain diameter that micron (μ m) is unit.
Take after collective measure, final individual's protection behavior comprises individual protect measure, and that is exactly that the harmful substance that prevents of wearing is separately invaded the device of body.The in the situation that of Atmospheric particulates, must protect respiratory tract, nose and oral cavity, this just need to use the device of mask shape.Although it is effective that resident and/or transportation work person wear mask, conventionally loaded down with trivial details and can produce pressure to respiratory, so few people use.
A kind of is smoke from cigarette to the harmful concealed substance source of body.
Smoke from cigarette contains fine particle, and in laboratory, available buffering filter is collected.After collected particle extraction nicotine and water, gains are called " tar ".Lung gathers tar owing to sucking smoke from cigarette, and this is considered to lung cancer, laryngocarcinoma, carcinoma of mouth and breathing problem for example chronic bronchitis, asthma and emophysematous main arch-criminal.
Known disposable filter/the filter tip that can install additional on cigarette or low tar cigarette reduces tar suction.Yet people are studying new system, except reducing the ratio that sucks tar, there is not the problem of cost, cigarette production technology aspect, and can meet consumer's needs in this new system.
In view of mentioned above, therefore a kind of new method obviously need to be provided, the method is applicable to reducing the suction from the harmful material of atmosphere and cigarette.
Wherein R is described diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl group.
Above-mentioned polymer is conventionally used in and in the column chromatography of laboratory, carries out molecular separation.
Author of the present invention has now found that, the gel of the netted dextran polymer based on static electrification lotus, for example QAE
can be advantageously used for the filter that the anti-material (for example Atmospheric particulates or cigarette coke tar) that is harmful to health sucks.
Except to the physical action of described gel, electrostatic interaction is also given the credit in the absorption of particle, because diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl group makes gel become strong anion exchanger.The power of ion-exchanger depends on the pK of substituent R: strong exchanger has high pK to acid, so it keeps ionization within the scope of wider pH, is 2～12pH unit in this situation.
Especially, in order to be used as nose filter, can be by QAE
be prepared into nontoxic and biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA, approximately 2%) form, also can be with chemical agent, borax or the sodium borate decahydrate (Na that more properly uses
2b
4o
7* 10H
2o) carry out nettedization.The latter is the naturally occurring compound serving many purposes.Pure or absolute (absolute) compound itself has toxicity as most of chemical compounds, and therefore, as all chemical compounds, its degree of danger depends on used amount.In this case, although borax be not absolute form (absolute form) but chemically combined, borax is also lower than 0.3%.
The labelled amount that forms the component of gel is only interior variation of tell-tale ，Bing Ke Yige unit's percentage, and all the other components are comprised of the distilled water of >97%.Therefore described gel is actually nontoxic, because it is almost all comprised of water.
Described gel is prepared in the following manner, in the 4%PVA solution of having prepared of thermotropism (that is, approximately 90 ℃), adds QAE Sephadex, and described product is placed and at room temperature expanded 48 hours or at 90 ℃, expand 2 hours; Then this solution is cooling.
The second solution is that borax solution (being 4% equally) is at room temperature prepared, or under higher temperature, prepares so that dissolving is fully diluted to required dilution factor with distilled water.At room temperature be uniformly mixed described two kinds of solution, form gel phase.
Can be according to the present invention to gel add additive with improve filtering feature or produce antifungal, kill bacterium or ntiviral characteristic.
In described additive, can mention activated carbon, zeolite, beta glucan, panthenol, lactic acid and propolis.
Activated carbon is the amorphous materials of a large class based on carbon, because its macroporosity has very high specific area (m
2/ g), therefore produce the space geometry structure that determines characterization of adsorption.Can the activated carbon of plant origin (for example firewood birch carbon) be dispersed in gel media with variable concentrations, this also can give characterization of adsorption.
Commonly using sorbing material with the similar another kind of activated carbon is zeolite, and it is the mineral with regular microporous crystal structure, and feature is in crystal, to have a large amount of spaces.These mineral show the structural framing based on aluminosilicate, and this framework is comprised of the cationic duct of interior bag or cage shape cavity.Because these cages show crystal symmetry, zeolite facies specific activity carbon has represented to have more greatly optionally molecule sieve, and the latter shows irregular cavity.Owing to having improved selective to single chemical substance, unless there is the clear and definite target that will intercept, it is favourable using activated carbon, although the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon is lower slightly, shows the activity of catching of being permitted eurypalynous compound for above-mentioned.
Beta glucan is the natural fiber shape product from yeast, is free from side effects, and is suitable for stimulating autoimmunity system but does not produce allergic reaction.It is plant origin polysaccharide, and the skeleton that the glucose molecule based on by He Nei branch of branch between having seldom forms is B-(1,3)-(1,6)-D-glucan form.It is a kind of by activation particular type leucocyte (being macrophage) strengthen immune immunomodulator.In addition, beta glucan is the antioxidant that is suitable as free radical scavenger.
Panthenol is the similar alcohol of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), is at room temperature transparent water dissolubility thick liquid.It is a kind ofly can alleviate and alleviate possible scytitis and the hydrating agents of stimulation, is specially adapted to mucous membrane protection.Its viscometric properties can contribute to it as common adjuvant, catches PM10 or be greater than the Atmospheric particulates of 0.1 μ m together with the activity of the basis of Sephadex.If contact nose wall; it shows protection and biological action as described above, and in fact, it is with natural existence of form of enantiomter; there is same atoms but relatively single carbon atom has two kinds of molecules (D and L) that different spaces is arranged, therefore described molecule mirror image each other.Specifically, D-pantothenyl aleohol (Dexpanthenol) performance biologically active.
Lactic acid is yellow sticky colourless/micro-yellow liquid compound, is commonly called as Lactic acid C
3h
6o
3, in many biochemical processes, play an important role, be the material that makes old breast (aged milk) generation characteristic bitter taste as everyone knows, but it is also the accessory substance of muscle anaerobic exercise.Not only well-known but also the particularly important is it and there is the antibacterial activity relevant with viscosity, also can produce for PM10 or be greater than the filter activity of the particle of 0.1 μ m with Sephadex is collaborative.It is water miscible, spontaneous polymerization in water, thereby further for gel provides stability.
Propolis is the resinous substances that honeybee gathered and further added wax, pollen and enzyme from plant cortex.It is substantially by fragrance and the compositions of mixtures of phenolic compounds, and has added several different materials (aliphatic acid, terpene, amino acid, vitamin, mineral salt etc.), and percent profile is with season, floristics difference and great changes have taken place.It show treatment, antifungal, kill bacterium and ntiviral characteristic.
Gel of the present invention is because the ability of its filtering out harmful matter is specially adapted to the device described in WO2008/139499.Exposure under the particle that this device is suitable for reducing PM10 or be greater than 0.1 μ m within definite time.Its operation principle is the particle that passes the air-borne transmission of nasal cavity because of respiration based on catching.Because mechanism and electrostatic process are all applicable to fixing mutually in solid particle absorption and introducing device, there is thus the filtration of particle.According to possible structure, this device consists of very soft, PVC and additive biocompatible, medical grade, be recorded in Italian minister's decree (Decreto Ministeriale Italiano) on March 21st, 1973 and continue to upgrade, that corresponding is European standard EEC2008/39(European Standard EEC2008/39).Described device is comprised of the brachymemma circular cone of a pair of bridging, thereby prevents from excessively inserting also easily removable.Each brachymemma circular cone to increase the active inner surface of device, therefore makes itself and the maximization that contacts of the air of incoming call around a conical helix being manufactured from the same material.On this device inner surface, sprawl biogel of the present invention, because its electrostatic charge and viscosity are applicable to attracting and catching the chemical agent of the particle form of air-borne transmission.In fact biogel of the present invention has full-bodied characteristic, and is selected because of its reinforcing yin essence ion exchange property.This principle can expand to and relate to air-flow by the multiple application of tortuous system, and this system makes Atmospheric particulates contact biogel.
In addition, author of the present invention has found the netted dextran polymer of static electrification lotus, for example QAE
can be advantageously used for the filter of the solid tar part of filtering air-borne transmission.Therefore, can adopt these compound preparations to be applicable to significantly reducing cigarette filter/filter tip that tar sucks percentage.According to an embodiment, above-mentioned QAE
with PVA gel, can absorption additive for example under the existence of activated carbon or zeolite for adsorbing fiber, estron for example, to prepare cigarette filter/filter tip.This gel can be dried, and leaves QAE
be adsorbed on fiber.
Therefore specific purposes of the present invention be comprise netted dextran polymer and gelatin polymer or consisting of the filter that sucks in the anti-harmful substance of preparation of gel in application, described netted dextran polymer has by α 1->6 glycosidic bond and is connected to each other, by α 1->4, the glucose molecule of α 1->2 or nettedization of α 1->3 glycosidic bond, and there is one or more anionic functional group, diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl for example, diethylamino ethyl, carboxyl methyl or sulfopropyl, preferred diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl.
In the netted dextran polymer of these static electrification lotuses, can mention QAE
, DEAE
cM
and SP
as shown in different prefixes, they have respectively different substituting groups, be diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl (QAE), diethylamino ethyl (DEAE), carboxyl methyl (CM) or sulfopropyl (SP) group, in ion-exchange capacity, have difference.DEAE
it is the weak anion exchanger of effect in pH scope 2～9; And CM
it is the weak cation exchanger of effect in pH scope 6～10; Last SP
it is the strong cation exchanger of effect in pH scope 2～12.
Described gelatin polymer can be selected from lower group: polyvinyl alcohol, agar, silicone, polyacrylamide, preferably polyethylene alcohol.Conventionally hydrogel forms by being characterized as the aqueous dispersion polymers chain of aqueous medium content over 99%.Multiple naturally occurring compound for example agar and different polysaccharide molecule and artificial compound for example silicone and polyacrylamide can form hydrogel.Suggestion can be according to biocompatibility need to select described QAE Sephadex and PVA.If estimate, for the gel of filtration treatment, directly do not contact human body, can consider different formulas, consider to use other polymer and copolymer.
Except introducing the netted dextran polymer of static electrification lotus, described gel also can comprise sodium borate decahydrate.
In addition, the present invention's gel used also can comprise the additive that is selected from lower group: adsorbent is activated carbon and zeolite, beta glucan, panthenol, lactic acid, propolis for example.
The filter of introducing described gel can be nose filter or cigarette filter/filter tip.Netted dextran polymer gel, PVA and the adsorbent that cigarette filter/filter tip preferably comprises above-mentioned static electrification lotus be activated carbon and/or zeolite for example.
Harmful substance refers to, for example, and Atmospheric particulates, the tar tar that for example cigarette discharges.
Another object of the present invention is to be with filter-tipped cigarette, the gel that described filter tip contains above-mentioned restriction.
In addition, the present invention comprises for the preparation of cigarette filter/filter-tip fiber, dipping or be coated with the dry gel limiting in described fiber or on fiber.
The invention still further relates to the filtration,nasal device or the disposable cigarette filter/filter tip that comprise above-mentioned restriction gel.
Now according to its preferred embodiment, by way of example and infinite mode is described the present invention.
embodiment 1: the preparation of QAE Sephadex, PVA and sodium tetraborate gel
For approximately 2, the preparation of the solution of 5kg gel
The preparation of PVA solution
At 90 ℃, at least 8 hours, in 960ml distilled water, dissolve 40g PVA, avoid this solution boiling.At room temperature cooling.
Add QAE Sephadex
At room temperature in 48 hours or at 90 ℃, in 2 hours, in PVA solution, add 5g QAE Sephadex powder.
The preparation of sodium tetraborate solution
For ease of dissolving, for example, in 240ml hot distilled water (90 ℃) dissolving 9,6g sodium borate decahydrate, is stirred to this solution and becomes and do not clarify and make it cooling.
With 1320ml distilled water diluting sodium tetraborate solution stirring.
The formation of hydrogel
In sodium tetraborate solution, slowly add PVA and QAE Sephadex solution, with glass bar, stir until gel-forming, until gel phase is no longer separated with water simultaneously.
This gel is stored in gas-tight container, with one deck distilled water, covers to avoid dry.
embodiment 2: under the existence of additive, the preparation of QAE Sephadex, PVA and sodium tetraborate gel
For approximately 2, the preparation of the solution of 5kg gel
The preparation of PVA solution:
At 90 ℃, at least 8 hours, in 960ml distilled water, dissolve 40g PVA, avoid this solution boiling.Make it at room temperature cooling.
Add QAE Sephadex
At room temperature in 48 hours or at 90 ℃ in 2 hours, in PVA solution, add 5g QAE Sephadex powder.
The preparation of sodium tetraborate solution
For ease of dissolving, for example, in 240ml hot distilled water (90 ℃) dissolving 9,6g sodium borate decahydrate, is stirred to this solution and becomes and do not clarify and make it cooling.
With 1320ml distilled water diluting sodium tetraborate solution stirring.
Add additive
At room temperature add to the additive (activated carbon and/or zeolite) that adds 50g fine powder in sodium tetraborate solution.
The formation of hydrogel
In sodium tetraborate solution, slowly add PVA and QAE Sephadex solution, with glass bar, stir until gel-forming, until gel phase is no longer separated with water simultaneously.
This gel is stored in gas-tight container, with one deck distilled water, covers to prevent from being dried.
Claims (11)
1. the application in the filter that the gel that comprises the gel of netted dextran polymer and gelatin polymer or be comprised of netted dextran polymer and gelatin polymer sucks in the anti-harmful substance of preparation, described netted dextran polymer has by α 1->6 glycosidic bond and interconnects, by the glucose molecule of α 1->4, α 1->2 or nettedization of α 1->3 glycosidic bond, and there is one or more anionic functional group.
2. application as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anionic functional group is selected from lower group: diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl, diethylamino ethyl, carboxyl methyl or sulfopropyl, preferably diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl) amino-ethyl.
3. application as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described gelatin polymer is selected from lower group: polyvinyl alcohol, agar, silicone, polyacrylamide, preferably polyethylene alcohol.
4. the application as described in above-mentioned any one claim, is characterized in that, described gel also comprises sodium borate decahydrate.
5. the application as described in any one in claim 1～4, is characterized in that, described gel also comprises the additive that is selected from lower group: adsorbent, beta glucan, panthenol, lactic acid, propolis.
6. application as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described adsorbent is selected from activated carbon, zeolite.
7. the application as described in above-mentioned any one claim, is characterized in that, described filter is nose filter or cigarette filter/filter tip.
8. the application as described in above-mentioned any one claim, is characterized in that, described harmful substance is selected from Atmospheric particulates, tar.
9. have a filter-tip cigarette, described filter tip comprises the gel described in any one in claim 1～6.
10. for the preparation of a fiber for cigarette filter, described fiber is coated or dipping with the desiccant gel described in any one in claim 1～6.
11. comprise in claim 1～6 the filtration,nasal device of gel or disposable cigarette filter/filter tip described in any one.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITRM2011A000051 | 2011-02-04 | ||
| ITRM2011A000051A IT1404015B1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | USE OF A DESTRANO POLYMER RETICULATED AS A FILTER AGAINST INHALATION OF HEALTH HARMFUL SUBSTANCES |
| PCT/IT2012/000037 WO2012104887A1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-02-03 | Use of a reticulated dextran polymer as a filter against the inhalation of substances injurious to the health |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103561824A true CN103561824A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| CN103561824B CN103561824B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=43976352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280017342.3A Active CN103561824B (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-02-03 | Netted dextran polymer is as the application of filter against the inhalation of substances injurious to |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103561824B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1404015B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012104887A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105463702A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 闽江学院 | Propolis-containing electrostatic composite spinning nanofiber membrane and production method thereof |
| CN110743113A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-02-04 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method and product for preventing PM2.5 nasal obstruction based on expandable hydrogel |
| CN112075662A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-15 | 甘肃烟草工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of natural ylang-rosea flavor-carrying gel filter stick and application of natural ylang-rosea flavor-carrying gel filter stick in cigarettes |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103845825B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-01-18 | 杭州日沛科技有限公司 | Wearable nasal cavity air filter |
| IT202000007348A1 (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-07 | Hsd Holding Smart Device S R L | A gel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105463702A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-06 | 闽江学院 | Propolis-containing electrostatic composite spinning nanofiber membrane and production method thereof |
| CN105463702B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-20 | 闽江学院 | A kind of compound spinning nanometer fiber membrane of the electrostatic of propolis-containing and its production method |
| CN110743113A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-02-04 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method and product for preventing PM2.5 nasal obstruction based on expandable hydrogel |
| CN112075662A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-15 | 甘肃烟草工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of natural ylang-rosea flavor-carrying gel filter stick and application of natural ylang-rosea flavor-carrying gel filter stick in cigarettes |
| CN112075662B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2023-05-19 | 甘肃烟草工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of natural rose ylang-aroma-carrying gel filter stick and application of natural rose ylang-aroma-carrying gel filter stick in cigarettes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012104887A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
| ITRM20110051A1 (en) | 2012-08-05 |
| CN103561824B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| IT1404015B1 (en) | 2013-11-08 |
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