CN103558150A - Cervical carcinoma screening method - Google Patents
Cervical carcinoma screening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103558150A CN103558150A CN201310427128.1A CN201310427128A CN103558150A CN 103558150 A CN103558150 A CN 103558150A CN 201310427128 A CN201310427128 A CN 201310427128A CN 103558150 A CN103558150 A CN 103558150A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cervical carcinoma screening method which employs an improved Pap smear for screening. The method comprises the steps: extracting uterine neck secretion, performing conventional staining, film reading and diagnosis; if a patient is diagnosed as ASCUS or a more serious disease by improved Pap smear in cytologic level, performing pathology biopsy under iodine staining inspection. The invention also provides a cervical carcinoma two-method combined screening method. The method comprises: acquiring uterine neck secretion by improved Pap smear, immediately employing an acetic-acid naked-eye inspection method for screening: if a patient is diagnosed as positive by the acetic-acid naked-eye inspection method, performing pathology biopsy at once; and if a patient is diagnosed as negative, waiting for a diagnosis result of the improved Pap smear on site, if the patient is diagnosed as ASCUS or a more serious disease by the improved Pap smear, performing pathology biopsy at once. The methods provided by the invention employ two, but not one, methods for screening on women at the same time, which is not achieved before the methods provided by the invention are disclosed. The methods provided by the invention help to improve detection rate of cervical precancerous lesion and early-stage cancer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cervical cancer screening methods in low resource, particularly for the screening method of precancerous lesions of uterine cervix and early carcinoma.
Background technology
Cervical carcinoma is women's common cancer, occupies women's malignant tumour second, and women's health and lives in serious threat.Therefore, the examination of precancerous lesions of uterine cervix and early carcinoma is extremely important, can play the object of early finding early treatment.At present, screening method for precancerous lesions of uterine cervix and early carcinoma mainly contains two kinds: acetic acid dyeing visual check method (VIA test) and Pap smear examination method (Pap smear), due to technical, interfere with each other, these two kinds of examination methods can not be used on the same day simultaneously.When two kinds of methods are used separately, susceptibility is separately lower, thus the precancerous lesions of uterine cervix detecting and early carcinoma less.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides cervical cancer screening methods in low resource, can improve the recall rate of pathological biopsy rate and precancerous lesions of uterine cervix and early carcinoma.
The invention provides a kind of cervical cancer screening methods in low resource, is that using modified conventional smear carries out examination; The step of described improvement conventional smear is: extract cervical secretions, then carry out normal dyeing, read sheet, diagnosis; The cytodiagnosis of improvement conventional smear is ASCUS or above pathology person, carries out at once pathological biopsy under iodine staining inspection;
The method of described extraction cervical secretions is: use a stock, can reach the disinfector of uterus neck, in uterine neck squama post intersection and slowly wiping around thereof, fully obtain uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid, and it is evenly spread upon on microslide.
Disinfector can be used anyly can reach uterus neck, do not destroy epithelium of cervix uteri and can fully obtain the utensil of uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid.
Preferably, described disinfector is the dry cotton swab of sterilization.
Method of the present invention is compared with adopting traditional conventional smear inspection, has the following advantages:
1. the cast-off cells in cervical mucus are not subject to any chemical solution (as acetic acid etc.) impact, so cellular morphology do not change, and under microscope, easily observe and diagnosis (Fig. 2).
2. because cotton swab wiping does not destroy epithelium of cervix uteri (scraper plate damages epithelium of cervix uteri), therefore improve Pap smear without blood or blood seldom, cell overlap is few, under microscope, easily observes and diagnosis (Fig. 2).
3. in view of the foregoing, improvement Pap smear is read sheet and is easier to, and the used time short (approximately needing 2 minutes halfs), than traditional Pap smear scoring time (approximately 5 minutes used times), shortens half.
4. the practice of hospital's examination and field screening shows, improvement Pap smear diagnostic result is better than or is same as traditional Pap smear (Fig. 2).
The present invention also provides the two method associatings of a kind of cervix cancer screening method simultaneously, is to obtain after cervical secretions with improvement conventional smear, adopts immediately acetic acid visual check method to carry out examination, and acetic acid visual check method is diagnosed as positive, gets at once pathological biopsy; Acetic acid visual check method is diagnosed as negative patient, waits at the scene improvement conventional smear diagnostic result, and the cytodiagnosis of improvement conventional smear is ASCUS or above pathology person, gets at once pathological biopsy;
Wherein, the step of described improvement conventional smear is: extract cervical secretions, then carry out normal dyeing, read sheet, diagnosis;
The method of described extraction cervical secretions is: use a stock, can reach the disinfector of uterus neck, in uterine neck squama post intersection and slowly wiping around thereof, fully obtain uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid, and it is evenly spread upon on microslide.
Disinfector can be used anyly can reach uterus neck, do not destroy epithelium of cervix uteri and can fully obtain the utensil of uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid.
Preferably, described disinfector is the dry cotton swab of sterilization.
Screening method of the present invention is compared with existing screening method, has following advantage:
The present invention can carry out examination by two kinds of methods to women simultaneously, rather than a kind of.Before the present invention, this can not accomplish.During enforcement, the sampling of improvement conventional smear is front, and acetic acid naked eyes examination method is rear, and a kind of method of some women's possibility is positive, and some women may two kinds of methods be positive.
The present invention is by acetic acid dye visual check method (VIA test) and these two conventional cervical carcinoma screening methods of Pap smear examination method (Pap smear), by technological improvement, make them combine on the same day use, and determined the individuality of the examination positive to implement pathological biopsy on the same day.In the time of two methods, application greatly reduces the rate lost to follow-up of pathological biopsy, has improved examination susceptibility (table 1, table 2), has improved the recall rate of precancerous lesions of uterine cervix and early carcinoma.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of cervical cancer screening methods in low resource of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the odds in pathology is before diagnosing cervical for improvement Pap smear of the present invention and conventional Pap smear.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is convenient to understand better the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.Test material used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is and purchases available from routine biochemistry reagent shop.
Cervical cancer screening methods in low resource of the present invention comprises three parts: one, improvement conventional smear (modified Pap smear); Application when two, improveing conventional smear and acetic acid visual check method; Three, the biopsy strategy (to getting pathological biopsy the individual same day of single method or two method examination positives, being called for short " looking into i.e. inspection ") at once of examination at once.The flow process of " the two method cervical carcinoma screening methods of single " is shown in Fig. 1.With regard to these three parts, narrate respectively below.
one, improvement conventional smear
1. microslide is numbered and registers.
2. cervical secretions extracts: use a stock, can reach the dry cotton swab of sterilization (rather than scraper plate) of uterus neck, at uterine neck squama post intersection and slow wiping 5 around thereof, enclose, fully obtain uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid, and it is evenly spread upon on microslide.
3. smear preparation: first use 95% ethanol (alcohol) to fix approximately 3 min, then circulating water rinses alcohol approximately 3 sec on microslide; Then with brazilwood extract dyeing 5-15 min, circulating water washes out haematine dye liquor approximately 3 sec; Microslide is put into 1%(percent by volume) hydrochloride alcohol cup approximately 3 sec, circulating water rinses microslide approximately 3 sec; Finally, with Yihong approximately 3 sec that dye, circulating water washes out eosin stain, dries.
4. sealing: drip equably two resins on microslide, seal with cover glass.
5. under microscope, read sheet, diagnose.Pap smear cytology diagnosis be take calendar year 2001 TBS hierarchy system as normative reference (Solomon D, et al. The 2001 Bethesda System-Terminology for Reporting Results of Cervical Cytology. JAMA 287 (16): 2114-2119,2002).
6. above step can complete at 1-2 hour.Pap smear cytology diagnosis ASCUS or above pathology person carry out pathological biopsy (seeing step 3) under iodine staining inspection (VILI) is auxiliary.
two, applied the same day of improvement conventional smear and acetic acid visual check method simultaneously
Applied the same day of above-mentioned two methods simultaneously and must carry out in the following order (Fig. 1):
1. first implement improvement conventional smear, by the operation of above-mentioned steps one, obtain cervical mucus and vaginal fluid carries out readding sheet under smear, dyeing, microscope.
2. then in cervix, smear 5% glacial acetic acid (percent by volume), implement conventional VIA visual check.When the cotton balls that uses 5% glacial acetic acid to soak is smeared uterine neck, cotton balls should be enough large, can cover uterine neck whole.With cotton balls, press up and down cervix (comprising the external os of vervix) gently, make acetic acid fully permeate cervix epithelium.After approximately one minute, under ordinary light source illumination, directly observe the reaction of cervix epithelium Dichlorodiphenyl Acetate.Positive reaction when lesion region is white in color.
3. after acetic acid naked eyes method checks, inform person under inspection at examination scene or hospital waits improvement conventional smear diagnostic result (can complete in 2 hours), to determine whether person under inspection needs to get pathological biopsy.
three, the biopsy strategy (" look into i.e. inspection " strategy) at once of examination at once
1. for the positive women of application acetic acid visual check method check result, can get at once pathological biopsy.And the women of acetic acid visual check feminine gender can wait at the scene about 1 hour and obtain and improve conventional smear diagnostic result.
2. improvement Pasteur method starts approximately to need about 1 hour to sending diagnosis report from obtaining cervical mucus, is therefore diagnosed as ASCUS or above pathology person can complete pathological biopsy within 2 hours same day.
3. pathological biopsy carries out under iodine staining inspection (VILI) auxiliary.While having ready conditions, can under gynecatoptron, get pathological biopsy.
Be below the contrast experiment of application cervical cancer screening methods in low resource of the present invention and traditional screening method.
First, apply respectively improvement conventional smear of the present invention and traditional conventional smear same individual is carried out to examination, then the HE section that above-mentioned individuality is done respectively to histodiagnosis in contrast, result is as shown in table 1 and Fig. 2.As can be seen from Figure 2: before acetic acid visual check and iodine staining, use improvement Pap smear that uterine neck mucus does and acetic acid visual check to compare more clear and readability more with the conventional Pap smear of row after iodine staining.Picture A, B, C and D represent the Pap smear of 4 same individual and organize accordingly microphoto.In each picture, a(100 * enlargement factor) and b(100 * enlargement factor) for using the improvement Pasteur section of uterine neck mucus smear; C(100 * enlargement factor) and d(400 * enlargement factor) for using Pasteur's section of conventional Pap smear; E(400 * enlargement factor) be the HE section of linked groups's diagnosis of cervical lesions.Cytohistologic diagnosis is as follows: figure A:a and b, low level SIL; C and d, NILM; E, CIN1.Figure B:a and b, ASC-H; C and d, NILM; E, CIN2.Figure C:a and b, high-level SIL; C and d, diagnose uncertain (a large amount of blood cells pollutes); E, CIN3.Figure D:a and the high-level SIL of b; C and d intraepithelial neoplasia; E, ICC(human invasive cervix neoplasms).ASC-H, ASC not except epithelium inner height pathology; CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); NILM, intracutaneous pathology or malignant change in feminine gender; SIL, SIL.
This is because improvement conventional smear has the following advantages: 1. the cast-off cells in cervical mucus are not subject to any chemical solution (as acetic acid etc.) impact, so cellular morphology do not change, and under microscope, easily observes and diagnosis (Fig. 2).
2. because cotton swab wiping does not destroy epithelium of cervix uteri (scraper plate damages epithelium of cervix uteri), therefore improve Pap smear without blood or blood seldom, cell overlap is few, under microscope, easily observes and diagnosis (Fig. 2).
3. in view of the foregoing, improvement Pap smear is read sheet and is easier to, and the used time short (approximately needing 2 minutes halfs), than traditional Pap smear scoring time (approximately 5 minutes used times), shortens half.
4. the practice of hospital's examination and field screening shows, improvement Pap smear diagnostic result is better than or is same as traditional Pap smear (Fig. 2).
。
Then, apply cervical cancer screening methods in low resource of the present invention and acetic acid dyeing visual check method, improvement conventional smear carries out examination to same individual, result is as shown in table 2.
Finally it should be noted that: the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a cervical cancer screening methods in low resource, is that using modified conventional smear carries out examination; The step of described improvement conventional smear is: extract cervical secretions, then carry out normal dyeing, read sheet, diagnosis; The cytodiagnosis of improvement conventional smear is ASCUS or above pathology person, carries out at once pathological biopsy under iodine staining inspection;
The method of described extraction cervical secretions is: use a stock, can reach the disinfector of uterus neck, in uterine neck squama post intersection and slowly wiping around thereof, fully obtain uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid, and it is evenly spread upon on microslide.
2. screening method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described disinfector is the dry cotton swab of sterilization.
3. the two method associating while screening methods of cervix cancer, are to obtain after cervical secretions with improvement conventional smear, adopt immediately acetic acid visual check method to carry out examination, and acetic acid visual check method is diagnosed as positive, gets at once pathological biopsy; Acetic acid visual check method is diagnosed as negative patient, waits at the scene improvement conventional smear diagnostic result, and the cytodiagnosis of improvement conventional smear is ASCUS or above pathology person, gets at once pathological biopsy;
Wherein, the step of described improvement conventional smear is: extract cervical secretions, then carry out normal dyeing, read sheet, diagnosis;
The method of described extraction cervical secretions is: use a stock, can reach the disinfector of uterus neck, in uterine neck squama post intersection and slowly wiping around thereof, fully obtain uterine neck mucus and vaginal fluid, and it is evenly spread upon on microslide.
4. screening method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described disinfector is the dry cotton swab of sterilization.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108181148A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-19 | 天津市海河医院 | The tissue tabletting of CT Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Aspiration Biopsies and field evaluation method |
| CN108693342A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-10-23 | 青岛汉朗智能医疗科技有限公司 | Cervical carcinoma, the detection method of uterine cancer and system |
| CN111565646A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2020-08-21 | 阿拉维·奥马尔 | HVS and pap smear detection device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2728675C1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-07-31 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Читинская государственная медицинская академия Министерства здравоохранения российской федерации | Method for diagnosis of cervical cancer |
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