CN103555955A - Resource utilization method of aluminum ash - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resource utilization method of aluminum ash. The method comprises the following steps: by taking primary slag and flammable dross generated in a smelting process of electrolytic aluminum, and aluminum ash such as salt slag and scum generated in a coarse aluminum refining and processing process as raw materials, recovering aluminum through process steps of crushing, grinding and vibrating screening; and then, respectively carrying out technologies such as washing, pressurized alkaline leaching and normal pressure acid leaching to obtain aluminum oxide-rich aluminum ash. The aluminum ash dried and activated by microwaves returns to an aluminum cell. After the acid-washing liquid waste and alkali-washing waste are effectively neutralized, the acid-washing liquid waste and alkali-washing waste are concentrated and evaporated to recover effective salt. The process provided by the invention can realize resource utilization of aluminum ash on the spot, and is simple and easy to operate and low in production cost, so that the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by aluminum ash are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrolysis of aluminum, aluminium processing, aluminium scrap recovery technology field, be specifically related to a kind of resource utilization method of aluminium ash.
Background technology
Aluminium ash results from the production process of all aluminium generation meltings, aluminum content 10% ~ 80% is not etc., aluminium wherein accounts for 1% ~ 12% of total losses amount in aluminium production and application process, mainly be divided into two kinds: a kind of is a secondary aluminium ash, in not adding salt flux process, electrolysis primary aluminum and casting etc. do not produce scum silica frost, be that a kind of main component is the mixture of metallic aluminium and aluminum oxide, aluminium content can reach 15% ~ 70%; Another kind is Quadratic aluminum dust, processes the mixture of NaCl, the KCl, fluorochemical, aluminum oxide and the aluminium that reclaim a secondary aluminium ash or alloy refining generation through salt bath, and aluminium content is low compared with a secondary aluminium ash.
In < < country Hazardous Waste List > > lists the inflammableness skimming producing in the salt slag producing in the first furnace slag producing in aluminium pyrometallurgical smelting process, the crude aluminum refining course of processing, scum silica frost and aluminium pyrometallurgical smelting process in national environmental protection portion in 2008 and development and the reform council.Increase year by year along with China's electrolytic aluminum output, aluminium processing, aluminium scrap recovery, a large amount of aluminium ashes (approximately 1,500 ten thousand tons) will be produced every year, if do not dealt carefully with, not only wasted resource, but also contaminate environment, therefore how cost-effectively comprehensive reutilization Lv Huijiangdui China Aluminium Industry produces significance.
Aluminium ash is a kind of reproducible resource, but do not obtain enough attention always, become a factor of welding, along with expanding economy, increasing considerably year by year of aluminium scrap ash amount of savings, if the method for economical and effective, environmental protection of not finding is processed, its serious threat to environment will more and more be highlighted.It is low that China's aluminum current slag is processed the rate of recovery, energy expenditure is large and waste is large, as aluminium and muriatic method (200810115443.X) in a kind of extraction aluminium ash, a kind of aluminum oxide and villaumite of reclaiming from aluminium ash, the method of villiaumite (201110324018.3), a kind of aluminium ash is processed the method (201310078058.3) with recycle, a kind of Patents such as method (200710179676.1) that aluminium scrap ash produces aluminum electrolyzing cell used fluorine-containing βAl2O3 and the grey retrieving arrangement of aluminium (201110394868.0) that utilize, therefore should greatly develop new technology and adopt external modern technique, equipment changes this backward state, the comprehensive effectively processing treatment industrial aluminum slag of research and development, aluminium gray technology, for the economic benefit that improves enterprise, preserve the ecological environment and there is very important realistic meaning and practical value.For this reason, the resource utilization recoverying and utilizing method tool of developing a kind of aluminium ash is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The resource utilization recoverying and utilizing method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of aluminium ash.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, comprises the steps:
A, aluminium ash, after crusher in crushing, carry out ball milling with ball mill, and the aluminium ash after ball milling is sieved on 200 order vibratory screening apparatuss, obtain the lower aluminium ash of screen overflow and sieve, and screen overflow reclaims metallic aluminium;
Under the sieve that B, the steps A of take obtain, aluminium ash is raw material, mixes with distilled water, controls temperature of reaction and time and stirs, and filters and obtains washing rear aluminium ash;
C, by aluminium ash after step B washing according to after mixing with alkaline solution, be placed in compressive reaction still, stir, filtration obtains alkali and soaks rear aluminium ash and alkali-washing waste liquid;
D, step C alkali is soaked to rear aluminium ash mixes with acid solution, stir acidleach, filtration, wash and obtain aluminium ash and spent pickle liquor after acidleach;
After E, acidleach that step D is obtained, aluminium ash is placed under microwave field and activates, and is then mixed and enters aluminium cell with aluminum oxide, carries out electrolysis;
F, spent pickle liquor and alkali-washing waste liquid carry out, after effectively neutralization evaporation, reclaiming effective salinity.
The present invention can realize efficient, the comprehensive recycling of aluminium ash, and aluminium ash is turned waste into wealth, and farthest realizes its recycling.The method is simple, and production efficiency is high, and facility investment is few, and energy consumption is low, and cost is low, has avoided environmental pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but never in any form the present invention is limited, and any conversion of doing based on training centre of the present invention, all falls into protection domain of the present invention.
The present invention includes following steps:
A, aluminium ash, after crusher in crushing, carry out ball milling with ball mill, and the aluminium ash after ball milling is sieved on 200 order vibratory screening apparatuss, obtain the lower aluminium ash of screen overflow and sieve, and screen overflow reclaims metallic aluminium;
Under the sieve that B, the steps A of take obtain, aluminium ash is raw material, mixes with distilled water, controls temperature of reaction and time and stirs, and filters and obtains washing rear aluminium ash;
C, by aluminium ash after step B washing according to after mixing with alkaline solution, be placed in compressive reaction still, stir, filtration obtains alkali and soaks rear aluminium ash and alkali-washing waste liquid;
D, step C alkali is soaked to rear aluminium ash mixes with acid solution, stir acidleach, filtration, wash and obtain aluminium ash and spent pickle liquor after acidleach;
After E, acidleach that step D is obtained, aluminium ash is placed under microwave field and activates, and is then mixed and enters aluminium cell with aluminum oxide, carries out electrolysis;
F, spent pickle liquor and alkali-washing waste liquid carry out, after effectively neutralization evaporation, reclaiming effective salinity.
The Ball-milling Time of described A step is 15 ~ 60min.
The distilled water of described B step is 3 ~ 8:1 with the mass ratio of the lower aluminium ash of sieve.
The whipping temp of described B step is 60 ~ 90 ℃, and churning time is 2 ~ 4h.
The alkaline solution of described C step is one or more mixing solutionss in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor, and the concentration of alkaline solution is 100 ~ 140g/L.
It is 100 ~ 250 ℃ that the alkali of described C step soaks temperature of reaction, and reaction pressure is 0.5 ~ 5MPa, is 4 ~ 8:1 with washing the liquid-solid ratio of aluminium ash afterwards, and the mix and blend time is 4 ~ 6h.
The acid solution of described D step acidleach is one or more mixing solutionss in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, and the concentration of acid solution is 20 ~ 40%, and acidleach temperature is 70 ~ 95 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio of soaking rear aluminium ash with alkali is 4 ~ 8:1, and the mix and blend time is 4 ~ 6h.
The microwave equipment output rating of described E step is 5 ~ 10W/g, and be 3 ~ 7min time of drying, and wind speed is 10 ~ 40m/min.
After the aluminum oxide of described E step and microwave activation, aluminium ash mixing quality is than 100 ~ 500:1.
Embodiment 1
Aluminium ash, after jaw crushing crusher machine, carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 15min, and after ball milling, 200 order screen underflows account for 50%, and after ball milling, aluminium ash carries out vibrosieve, and the ductility of metallic aluminium is better, and ball milling sieves metallic aluminium in recyclable aluminium ash, and its rate of recovery is 95%; Aluminium ash after ball milling under sieve is raw material, according to distilled water and the mass ratio of aluminium ash, is that 3:1 mixes, and mix and blend temperature is 65 ℃, and churning time is 4h, filters the rear aluminium ash of washing; It is that 7:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that the rear aluminium ash of sodium hydroxide solution and washing is placed in autoclave, and wherein concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 130g/L, and temperature is 140 ℃, and reaction pressure is 1.5MPa.After mix and blend time 6h, filter; It is that 6:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid mixed solution and alkali are soaked to rear aluminium ash, wherein acid solutions is 20%, temperature is 80 ℃, after mix and blend time 5h, filter, distilled water is pressed liquid-solid ratio 10:1 washing 2 times with the rear aluminium ash of filtration, then aluminium ash being placed in to output rating is the microwave equipment inner drying activation 7min of 5W/g, air draft speed is 30m/min, aluminium ash after activation drops into Electrolytic Aluminum System with the mass ratio 1:100 of aluminum oxide, drops into pit voltage and current efficiency and is all consistent.The quality of the aluminium liquid of output meets the requirement of aluminium ingot.
Embodiment 2
Aluminium ash, after jaw crushing crusher machine, carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 30min, and after ball milling, 200 order screen underflows account for 55%, and after ball milling, aluminium ash carries out vibrosieve, and the ductility of metallic aluminium is better, and ball milling sieves metallic aluminium in recyclable aluminium ash, and its rate of recovery is 96%; Aluminium ash after ball milling under sieve is raw material, according to distilled water and the mass ratio of aluminium ash, is that 5:1 mixes, and mix and blend temperature is 70 ℃, and churning time is 3h, filters to obtain the rear aluminium ash of washing; It is that 6:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that solution after sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide mixing is placed in autoclave with the rear aluminium ash of washing, and wherein alkaline concentration is 120g/L, and temperature is 165 ℃, and reaction pressure is 2.5MPa.After mix and blend time 5h, filter; It is that 5:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that sulphuric acid soln and alkali are soaked to rear aluminium ash, wherein sulphuric acid soln concentration is 30%, temperature is 85 ℃, after mix and blend time 4h, filter, distilled water is grey by liquid-solid ratio 15:1 washing 2 times with the rear aluminium of filtration, then aluminium ash being placed in to output rating is the microwave equipment inner drying activation 6min of 6W/g, air draft speed is 30m/min, and after activation, aluminium ash drops into Electrolytic Aluminum System with the mass ratio 1:200 of aluminum oxide, drops into pit voltage and current efficiency and is all consistent.The quality of the aluminium liquid of output meets the requirement of aluminium ingot.
Embodiment 3
Aluminium ash, after jaw crushing crusher machine, carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 45min, and after ball milling, 200 order screen underflows account for 60%, and after ball milling, aluminium ash carries out vibrosieve, and the ductility of metallic aluminium is better, and ball milling sieves metallic aluminium in recyclable aluminium ash, and its rate of recovery is 98%; Aluminium ash after ball milling under sieve is raw material, according to distilled water and the mass ratio of aluminium ash, is that 7:1 mixes, and mix and blend temperature is 85 ℃, and churning time is 2h, filters to obtain the rear aluminium ash of washing; It is that 8:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that the rear aluminium ash of ammoniacal liquor and washing is placed in autoclave, and temperature is 195 ℃, and reaction pressure is 0.8MPa.After mix and blend time 6h, filter; It is that 4:1 carries out mix and blend by liquid-solid ratio that sulfuric acid, salpeter solution and alkali are soaked to rear aluminium ash, wherein acid solutions is 40%, temperature is 85 ℃, after mix and blend time 5h, filter, distilled water is grey by liquid-solid ratio 20:1 washing 2 times with the rear aluminium of filtration, then aluminium ash being placed in to output rating is the microwave equipment inner drying activation 5min of 9W/g, air draft speed is 25m/min, and after activation, aluminium ash drops into Electrolytic Aluminum System with the mass ratio 1:400 of aluminum oxide, drops into pit voltage and current efficiency and is all consistent.The quality of the aluminium liquid of output meets the requirement of aluminium ingot.
Claims (9)
1. a resource utilization method for aluminium ash, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, aluminium ash, after crusher in crushing, carry out ball milling with ball mill, and the aluminium ash after ball milling is sieved on 200 order vibratory screening apparatuss, obtain the lower aluminium ash of screen overflow and sieve, and screen overflow reclaims metallic aluminium;
Under the sieve that B, the steps A of take obtain, aluminium ash is raw material, mixes with distilled water, controls temperature of reaction and time and stirs, and filters and obtains washing rear aluminium ash;
C, by after after step B washing, aluminium ash mixes with alkaline solution, be placed in compressive reaction still, stir, filtration obtains alkali and soaks rear aluminium ash and alkali-washing waste liquid;
D, step C alkali is soaked to rear aluminium ash mixes with acid solution, stir acidleach, filtration, wash and obtain aluminium ash and spent pickle liquor after acidleach;
After E, acidleach that step D is obtained, aluminium ash is placed under microwave field and activates, and is then mixed and enters aluminium cell with aluminum oxide, carries out electrolysis;
F, spent pickle liquor and alkali-washing waste liquid carry out, after effectively neutralization evaporation, reclaiming effective salinity.
2. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, the Ball-milling Time that it is characterized in that described A step is 15 ~ 60min.
3. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, is characterized in that the distilled water of described B step and the mass ratio of the lower aluminium ash of sieve are 3 ~ 8:1.
4. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, the whipping temp that it is characterized in that described B step is 60 ~ 90 ℃, churning time is 2 ~ 4h.
5. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, the alkaline solution that it is characterized in that described C step is one or more mixing solutionss in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor, the concentration of alkaline solution is 100 ~ 140g/L.
6. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, it is 100 ~ 250 ℃ that the alkali that it is characterized in that described C step soaks temperature of reaction, reaction pressure is 0.5 ~ 5MPa, with the liquid-solid ratio of aluminium ash after washing be 4 ~ 8:1, the mix and blend time is 4 ~ 6h.
7. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, the acid solution that it is characterized in that the acidleach of described D step is one or more mixing solutionss in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, the concentration of acid solution is 20 ~ 40%, acidleach temperature is 70 ~ 95 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of soaking rear aluminium ash with alkali is 4 ~ 8:1, and the mix and blend time is 4 ~ 6h.
8. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, the microwave equipment output rating that it is characterized in that described E step is 5 ~ 10W/g, and be 3 ~ 7min time of drying, and wind speed is 10 ~ 40m/min.
9. the resource utilization method of aluminium ash according to claim 1, after the aluminum oxide that it is characterized in that described E step and microwave activation, aluminium ash mixing quality is than 100 ~ 500:1.
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Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105018739A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Efficient and comprehensive aluminium ash recycling method |
| CN105039702A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 苏州卡迪亚铝业有限公司 | Leaching method for valuable elements in quadratic aluminum dust |
| CN105274346A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Aluminum ash recycling process |
| CN105347361A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-24 | 陈湘清 | Comprehensive utilization method of aluminum ash |
| CN105271327B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-04-05 | 昆明冶金研究院 | A kind of aluminum ash harmless treatment the method for recycling |
| CN106629774A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山市吉力达铝材科技有限公司 | Method for harmlessly treating aluminum ash |
| CN106892441A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-27 | 南通大学 | Aluminium ash Application way |
| CN107311211A (en) * | 2017-06-17 | 2017-11-03 | 常州中翔科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the grey recycling of electrolytic aluminium aluminium |
| CN107663035A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of preparation method of aluminium gray slag base oligomer gel material |
| CN107986705A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-04 | 南通大学 | Guardrail base fills preparation method for material |
| CN108220603A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-29 | 昆明冶金研究院 | A kind of aluminium ash recovery process of normal pressure alkali leaching-sulfuric acid curing-hot acid-leaching |
| CN108237140A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-03 | 郑州经纬科技实业有限公司 | The method of industrial aluminum ash regeneration |
| CN108396150A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-14 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of secondary recovery product line device of aluminium lime-ash |
| CN108441004A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-24 | 新疆大学 | A kind of apparatus and method preparing aluminium electrolysis anode antioxidizing paint using aluminium lime-ash |
| CN110257642A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of resource utilization method of secondary aluminium alloy ash |
| CN110723746A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-24 | 湖南绿脉环保科技有限公司 | Harmless treatment method for aluminum ash |
| CN111233003A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-05 | 中南大学 | Acid-base combined process for completely realizing resource utilization of high-fluorine secondary aluminum ash |
| CN112169971A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-01-05 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | Method for recovering aluminum in primary aluminum ash |
| CN112442598A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 王树立 | Recycling treatment method of aluminum ash |
| CN112813275A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-18 | 洛阳天瑞环保科技有限公司 | Method for inhibiting reaction loss of metal aluminum in aluminum ash wet-process aluminum extraction process |
| CN113278808A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recovering various solid waste materials in aluminum smelting process in linkage manner |
| CN114146809A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-08 | 上海大学 | Method for sorting aluminum nitride in secondary aluminum ash by air dense medium fluidized bed |
| CN114907109A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing magnesium aluminate spinel by using aluminum ash |
| CN115254924A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-01 | 洋耳科技(杭州)有限公司 | Secondary aluminum ash treatment and resource production process and equipment |
| CN116462215A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-07-21 | 华南理工大学 | Recycling treatment method of secondary aluminum ash |
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| CN105018739A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Efficient and comprehensive aluminium ash recycling method |
| CN105274346A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | 昆明冶金研究院 | Aluminum ash recycling process |
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| CN116462215B (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2024-04-12 | 华南理工大学 | Recycling treatment method of secondary aluminum ash |
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