CN103555930B - High magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method - Google Patents
High magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method, comprise: pretreatment of raw material and the large step of roasting two, wherein, pretreatment of raw material is by the ore after fragmentation, goes back raw coal, sodium sulphate and put in proportion dry, the ore grinding and the mixing that in ball mill, complete material, obtain powder raw material, powder raw material again briquet uses. Usefulness of the present invention is: adopt nitrogen as heat exchanging agent, the mixing that material completes raw material by ball mill with dry after, after briquetting operation, enter rotary system, method of the present invention changes in the past the rotary kiln baking method of one section of dry, two sections of reduction, overcome the shortcoming that kiln operation difficulty is controlled, the thermal efficiency is low, heat recovery rate is low, realize nickel, iron that efficient selective reduces in the poor nickel minerals of high magnesium, can improve the metal recovery rate of subsequent handling, and realize industrial applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction roasting, particularly reductionPreprocessing method of raw materials before roasting, belongs to metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
Along with the minimizing gradually of nickel sulfide resource and high-grade lateritic nickel ore resource, a large amount of existenceGrade in the economic development of the lateritic nickel ore of 1% left and right day by day by people are paid close attention to. Domestic as far back asJust carried out the research of lateritic nickel ore treatment technology the sixties in 20th century, groundwork roundAlbania Ai Erbasang josephinite (helping Ah's test), Yuanjiang River nickel minerals and first tor nickel minerals are openedExhibition. But be subject to China's nickel ore resource condition to limit that (86% only accounts for for copper nickel sulfide mineral, laterite-type nickel ore9.6%), until just obtained in recent years some breakthroughs. Aspect lateritic nickel ore processing, relativelyRipe smelting process comprises: rotary kiln drying prereduction electric furnace smelting process (RKEF), sinteringBlast furnace sulfiding smelting method, sintering blast furnace reducing smelting process, reduction roasting ammonia leaching process and high pressure acidSoak method. In addition dump leaching method,, hydroxyl method, chlorination water seaoning, chloride volatility process, chlorination segregationMethods etc. also have small-scale production or carry out overtesting research. Above-mentioned processing method all has separatelyAdaptability, need to be according to the difference of ore nickel, cobalt content and ore type, and indigenous fuel,The difference of the supply situation of water, electricity and chemical reagent etc., selects suitable smelting process.
At present, say on the whole, the processing of nickel ore is mainly divided into pyrometallurgy and wet method smeltingTwo kinds of gold.
Lateritic nickel ore ore properties is extremely complicated, and some production key technology is not yet resolved,Wet processing exists and invests greatly, equipment requirement is high, long flow path, assorted to head grade and calcium magnesium etc.Matter requires the shortcoming such as strict, and thermal process exists that the nickeliferous content of ferronickel is low, production cost is high lacksPoint, large-scale develops and utilizes and is restricted.
No matter be pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy, all treatment process are all to reclaim in mineralNickel and cobalt as the most basic starting point, and using magnesium the highest value contained in mineral asA kind of objectionable impurities is processed.
Under the subsidy of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing Mine and Metallurgy General Inst has carried outThe fundamental research of the gentle novel technology for extracting of the poor nickel minerals non-conventional media of high magnesium, has obtained greatProgress; 2006, this project obtained Ministry of Science and Technology's high-tech research development plan (863Plan) further support, carried out detailed process test research.
Along with arrival and the continuity impact of financial crisis, the poor nickel minerals non-conventional media of high magnesium gentleness is carriedGet new technological flow long, cost is high, and the comprehensive Reclaiming benefit of magnesium is low, is not suitable for large-scale production.The poor nickel minerals of high magnesium low-grade is adopted new technology, and carries out short flow process, high efficiency, low cost and reclaims and haveValency metal key technology is urgently to be resolved hurrily, large-scale develops and utilizes to realize.
Summary of the invention
Process the deficiency of the poor nickel minerals of high magnesium for overcoming prior art, promote the similar mineral products in highlandsThe exploitation of resource, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction roastingMethod, particularly reduction roasting before preprocessing method of raw materials, adopt the method process raw materialAfter can shortened process, improve the thermal efficiency.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A preprocessing method of raw materials before high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction roasting, its feature existsIn, comprise the following steps:
(1), breaking ores is to granularity≤15mm;
(2), by the ore after fragmentation, go back raw coal, then additive is put in ball mill,In ball mill, pass into the tail gas from roasted ore system, in ball mill, complete the dry of materialDry, ore grinding and mixing, obtain powder raw material;
(3), the powder raw material of granularity≤2mm flows out ball mill, employing under the drive of tail gasWhirlwind collector is collected compared with the powder raw material of coarse grain, and the less powder raw material of granularity is at the band of tail gasAfter entering sack cleaner under moving, be collected;
(4), all powder raw materials that are collected are sent into fine ore bin;
(5), the powder raw material in fine ore bin sent into high pressure cuber carry out briquetting, obtain straightThe lump ore of footpath 28-32mm.
Aforesaid preprocessing method of raw materials, is characterized in that, aforementioned additive is sodium sulphate.
Aforesaid preprocessing method of raw materials, is characterized in that, aforementioned ore, goes back raw coal, sulfuric acidThe mass fraction of sodium is respectively: 100 parts, 5 parts, 8-10 part.
Aforesaid preprocessing method of raw materials, is characterized in that, the aforementioned grain of going back raw coal, sodium sulphateSpend all≤100 orders.
Aforesaid preprocessing method of raw materials, is characterized in that, dried powder raw material moistureAmount≤4%.
A kind of high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, comprises following stepRapid:
(1), breaking ores is to granularity≤15mm;
(2), by the ore after fragmentation, go back raw coal, then additive is put in ball mill,In ball mill, pass into the tail gas from roasted ore system, in ball mill, complete the dry of materialDry, ore grinding and mixing, obtain powder raw material;
(3), the powder raw material of granularity≤2mm flows out ball mill, employing under the drive of tail gasWhirlwind collector is collected compared with the powder raw material of coarse grain, and the less powder raw material of granularity is at the band of tail gasAfter entering sack cleaner under moving, be collected;
(4), all powder raw materials that are collected are sent into fine ore bin;
(5), the powder raw material in fine ore bin sent into high pressure cuber carry out briquetting, obtain straightThe lump ore of footpath 28-32mm;
(6), aforementioned lump ore is sent into roasting in rotary kiln;
(7) roasted ore, after roasting flows out rotary kiln, enters roasted ore waste-heat recovery device,Roasted ore and nitrogen carry out heat exchange at this;
(8), cooled roasted ore sends into roasted ore stockyard, flows to as required subsequent handling.
Aforesaid reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, aforementioned additive is sodium sulphate, ore,Also the mass fraction of raw coal, sodium sulphate is respectively: 100 parts, 5 parts, 8-10 part.
Aforesaid reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, roasted ore and nitrogen carry out after heat exchange,Roasted ore is cooled to below 200 DEG C, and nitrogen is heated to 720-780 DEG C.
Aforesaid reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of: by aforementioned heightTemperature nitrogen is incorporated in waste heat boiler, nitrogen be cooled to 200 DEG C following after, through circulating fan,Again enter roasted ore waste-heat recovery device.
Aforesaid reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, collects after powder raw material, and tail gas entersEnter desulphurization system, remove contained SO2, the byproduct retrieval system batching that desulfurization forms.
Usefulness of the present invention is: adopt nitrogen as heat exchanging agent, material passes through ball millingThe mixing that machine completes raw material with dry after, after briquetting operation, enter rotary system, thisBright method changes in the past the rotary kiln baking method of one section of dry, two sections of reduction, overcomes revolutionThe difficult control of kiln operation, the shortcoming that the thermal efficiency is low, heat recovery rate is low, also realized efficient selectiveNickel, iron in the poor nickel minerals of former high magnesium, can improve the metal recovery rate of subsequent handling, and realize workIndustryization application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of reduction calcination method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done to concrete introduction.
Embodiment 1
The magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method of height of the present invention, comprising: pretreatment of raw material withAnd the large step of roasting two, be respectively described below:
One, pretreatment of raw material
1, adopt two sections of open circuit crushing raw ores, obtain the ore of granularity≤15mm.
2, by the ore after fragmentation, go back raw coal (granularity≤100 order, 30%), sodium sulphate (grainDegree≤100 orders, 25.23%) according to 100 parts (mass parts, lower with): 5 parts: the ratio of 8 partsExample is put in ball mill, then in ball mill, passes into the tail gas from roasted ore system,In ball mill, complete dry, ore grinding and the mixing of material, obtain powder raw material, powder raw materialWater content≤4%.
3, the powder raw material of granularity≤2mm flows out ball mill under the drive of tail gas, adopts whirlwindCollector is collected compared with the powder raw material of coarse grain, and the less powder raw material of granularity is under the drive of tail gasAfter entering sack cleaner, be collected; Collect after powder raw material, tail gas enters desulphurization system,Remove contained SO2, the byproduct retrieval system batching that desulfurization forms.
4, all powder raw materials that are collected are sent into fine ore by embedded scraper transporter, bucket elevatorStorehouse, for breeze briquetting system is ready to acceptable material.
5, the powder raw material in fine ore bin is sent into high pressure cuber and carry out briquetting, obtain diameterThe lump ore of 30mm, stand-by.
Two, reduction roasting
1, the lump ore first step being prepared is sent into roasting in rotary kiln, under 990 DEG C of conditionsRoasting 1.5h, roasted ore mog 325 orders 95%, weak magnetic 2000Oe, middle magnetic 7000oe.
2, the roasted ore after roasting (1000 DEG C of left and right) flows out rotary kiln, enters roasted ore waste heatRetracting device, roasted ore and nitrogen carry out heat exchange at this; After heat exchange, roasted ore is cooledTo below 200 DEG C, nitrogen is heated to 780 DEG C.
3, cooled roasted ore is sent into roasted ore stockyard, flows to as required subsequent handling; High temperatureNitrogen is incorporated in waste heat boiler, nitrogen be cooled to 200 DEG C following after, through circulating fan,Again enter roasted ore waste-heat recovery device, realize recycling of nitrogen, cooling water is heated,Vaporization, produces water vapour, and this water vapour is recycling.
Result of the test: obtain with respect to raw ore productive rate 12.53%, nickel content 2.52%, iron content62.98%, the iron ore concentrate of iron-nickel magnetic thing TFe content 34.81%. The rate of recovery 81.82% of nickel,Mine tailing nickel grade is lower than 0.13%.
As can be seen here, raw ore mixes pressed pellet with additive, has not only increased substantially index,Also can effectively lower roasting dust and chloridising roasting equipment corrosion shortcoming, and possess industrial production and establishStandby supporting condition.
Embodiment 2
In the experimentation of the magnesia poor nickel laterite enriching nickel of height, add sodium sulphate and borideAll can realize effective enrichment of iron, nickel.
Raw coal+10 part B is gone back in 100 parts of ore+15 part2O3+ 10 parts of Na2SO4., at 990 DEG C of barsRoasting 1.5h under part, roasted ore mog 325 orders 95%, weak magnetic 2000Oe, middle magnetic7000oe, other operations are all identical with embodiment 1.
Result of the test: obtained with respect to roasted ore productive rate 16.05%, iron-nickel magnetic thingTFe52.93%(w/w, lower with), Ni3.71%, the index of nickel recovery 71.08%.
As can be seen here, adopt single additive sulfuric acid sodium can not only obtain good nickel recovery,But also there is economical and advantage simple to operate, so preferred single additive sulfuric acid sodium.
Also the rate that adds of raw coal (reducing agent) directly affects the atmosphere of reduction roasting, and reducing agent is notEnough, nickel, cobalt can not fully reduce; Reducing agent is too much, not only wastes reducing agent, and a large amount ofIron can be reduced into soluble state, does not reach the object of selective reduction.
Also raw coal adds rate to refer to go back quality that raw coal adds and the percentage of ore quality, meterCalculation formula is:
Coal adds rate=add quality ÷ ore quality × 100% of going back raw coal
Raw ore is carried out to reducing agent (coal at 990 DEG C of sintering temperatures, roasting time under 90 minutesPowder) consumption test, roasted ore adopts water seal to come out of the stove, by roasted ore ore grinding to 325 orders 90%,Cydariform weak magnetic separator carries out low intensity magnetic separation, field intensity 2000Oe. When pulverized coal consumption is increased to 15% from 5%,Grade and the rate of recovery of nickel do not improve, and being increased under 990 DEG C of conditions of pulverized coal consumption is described,Do not make nickel effectively enrichment in iron. Under experimental condition, when pulverized coal consumption drops to from 5%1%, the grade of nickel and the rate of recovery decline. Therefore, coal the best adds rate should be controlled at mine-supplying quantity5%。
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention, all employings etc. in any formThe technical scheme obtaining with the mode of replacement or equivalent transformation, all drops on protection model of the present inventionIn enclosing.
Claims (9)
1. the preprocessing method of raw materials before high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction roasting, is characterized in that,Comprise the following steps:
(1), breaking ores is to granularity≤15mm;
(2), by the ore after fragmentation, go back raw coal, then sodium sulphate is put in ball mill,In ball mill, pass into the tail gas from roasted ore system, in ball mill, complete the dry of materialDry, ore grinding and mixing, obtain powder raw material;
(3), the powder raw material of granularity≤2mm flows out ball mill, employing under the drive of tail gasWhirlwind collector is collected compared with the powder raw material of coarse grain, and the less powder raw material of granularity is at the band of tail gasAfter entering sack cleaner under moving, be collected;
(4), all powder raw materials that are collected are sent into fine ore bin;
(5), the powder raw material in fine ore bin sent into high pressure cuber carry out briquetting, obtain straightThe lump ore of footpath 28-32mm.
2. preprocessing method of raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ore depositStone, the mass fraction of going back raw coal, sodium sulphate are respectively: 100 parts, 5 parts, 8-10 part.
3. preprocessing method of raw materials according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described going backThe granularity of raw coal, sodium sulphate all≤100 orders.
4. preprocessing method of raw materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after being driedWater content≤4% of powder raw material.
5. high magnesia poor nickel laterite reduction calcination method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), breaking ores is to granularity≤15mm;
(2), by the ore after fragmentation, go back raw coal, then sodium sulphate is put in ball mill,In ball mill, pass into the tail gas from roasted ore system, in ball mill, complete the dry of materialDry, ore grinding and mixing, obtain powder raw material;
(3), the powder raw material of granularity≤2mm flows out ball mill, employing under the drive of tail gasWhirlwind collector is collected compared with the powder raw material of coarse grain, and the less powder raw material of granularity is at the band of tail gasAfter entering sack cleaner under moving, be collected;
(4), all powder raw materials that are collected are sent into fine ore bin;
(5), the powder raw material in fine ore bin sent into high pressure cuber carry out briquetting, obtain straightThe lump ore of footpath 28-32mm;
(6), described lump ore is sent into roasting in rotary kiln;
(7) roasted ore, after roasting flows out rotary kiln, enters roasted ore waste-heat recovery device,Roasted ore and nitrogen carry out heat exchange at this;
(8), cooled roasted ore sends into roasted ore stockyard, flows to as required subsequent handling.
6. reduction calcination method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described ore,Also the mass fraction of raw coal, sodium sulphate is respectively: 100 parts, 5 parts, 8-10 part.
7. reduction calcination method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, roasted ore withNitrogen carries out after heat exchange, and roasted ore is cooled to below 200 DEG C, and nitrogen is heated to720-780℃。
8. according to the reduction calcination method described in claim 5 to 7 any one, its feature existsIn, further comprising the steps of: high temperature nitrogen is incorporated in waste heat boiler, and nitrogen is cooled toAfter below 200 DEG C, through circulating fan, again enter roasted ore waste-heat recovery device.
9. according to the reduction calcination method described in claim 5 to 7 any one, its feature existsIn, collecting after powder raw material, tail gas enters desulphurization system, removes contained SO2, desulfurization shapeThe byproduct retrieval system batching becoming.
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| CN105195272A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2015-12-30 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Single-linkage device and method for low-temperature drying, ore grinding and graded powder collection of chromite |
| CN105233953A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Device and method for multiple low temperature drying chromite grinding and hierarchical powder collection |
| CN105486837B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-08-24 | 宁波中普检测技术服务有限公司 | The assay method of nuisance in a kind of environmental monitoring |
| CN107217155B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-02-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of lateritic nickel ore reduction cooling means |
| CN112080636B (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2022-11-15 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for producing battery-grade nickel sulfate salt by using laterite-nickel ore |
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| CN101230422A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-07-30 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Method for enriching nickel from lateritic nickel with co-production of iron-oxide red |
| CN101575654A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-11-11 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for preparing iron alloy containing nickel and nickel-chromium |
| CN101967571A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-09 | 北京科技大学 | Method for using red-soil nickel ore to produce nickel-iron alloy in tunnel kiln-electric furnace |
| CN102367512A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-03-07 | 王号德 | Method for deep reduction and magnetic separation of nickel and iron in lateritic nickel ore carbon-containing pellets |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101230422A (en) * | 2008-02-02 | 2008-07-30 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Method for enriching nickel from lateritic nickel with co-production of iron-oxide red |
| CN101575654A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-11-11 | 丁家伟 | Process and device for preparing iron alloy containing nickel and nickel-chromium |
| CN101967571A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-02-09 | 北京科技大学 | Method for using red-soil nickel ore to produce nickel-iron alloy in tunnel kiln-electric furnace |
| CN102367512A (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-03-07 | 王号德 | Method for deep reduction and magnetic separation of nickel and iron in lateritic nickel ore carbon-containing pellets |
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