CN103555371B - Method for improving gasification efficiency of slurry feed gasification device - Google Patents
Method for improving gasification efficiency of slurry feed gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103555371B CN103555371B CN201310573590.2A CN201310573590A CN103555371B CN 103555371 B CN103555371 B CN 103555371B CN 201310573590 A CN201310573590 A CN 201310573590A CN 103555371 B CN103555371 B CN 103555371B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving gasification efficiency of a slurry feed gasification device. A slurry carbon material and an oxidant entering inside a gasification furnace are preheated in a wet feed gasification technology by using low-grade energy; the temperature of the raw material in the gasification furnace is improved, so that the gasification efficiency of the slurry feed gasification device is improved. By adopting the technology, the raw material in the gasification furnace is preheated by using by-produced low-grade energy rich in low-pressure vapor from a water-gas shift unit and the like, and indirectly converted into high-grade chemical energy. Thus, the raw material consumption of the gasification system is effectively reduced; the efficiency of a cooled coal gas is improved, so that the gasification efficiency of the slurry feed gasification device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat recovery method, be specifically related to a kind of method to entering vapourizing furnace slurry carbon raw material and oxygenant in wet feeding gasification technology and carry out preheating.
Technical background
Water gas shift reaction is shown below:
Be an important chemical reaction, be generally used for adjustments of gas component, carry out Partial Transformation or convert completely, make the gas composition after conversion meet Chemical Manufacture, can also unstripped gas be purified simultaneously, be conducive to realizing CO
2catch and seal up for safekeeping.
Water gas shift reaction is thermopositive reaction, and hydrosphere transformation unit discharges a large amount of heats, and existing hydrosphere transformation system thermal reclaims the main mode such as by-product low pressure steam, pre-hot desalinized water of leaning on and reclaims.Because transformation system is based on a large amount of low-grade low-pressure steam of by-product, low-grade steam energy utilization ratio is low, is not utilized effectively now in full scale plant.The way of recycling going out airflow bed gasification furnace high-temperature synthesis gas heat has two kinds, namely adopts waste heat boiler and chilling process.For chilling process, the heat going out airflow bed gasification furnace high-temperature synthesis gas is saturated in synthetic gas in the form of water vapour, water vapor in synthetic gas/synthetic gas volume ratio is high, water vapor in synthetic gas is had more than needed concerning converter unit, at a large amount of low-grade remaining heats of transformation system by byproduct water vapor recovery in a large number.How to reclaim the emphasis problem that low-grade steam energy is research of technique always efficiently.
Vapourizing furnace is the unit equipment of a highly energy-consuming, and industrial entrained flow gasification feeding manner mainly contains two kinds, wet feeding and dry feed.The cold gas efficiency of wet method gasification technology is lower than dry method cold gas efficiency, reason be water in feed slurry heating, evaporate, be superheated to gasification temperature and need consumption of calorie, oxygen heats up, be superheated to gasification temperature also needs consumption of calorie, cause gasification system oxygen consumption, coal consumption increase, effective gas (CO+H
2) component concentration reduction, invalid gaseous fraction CO
2content increases, and the chemical energy of feed stock for blast furnace is reduced by the chemical energy be finally retained in after gasification reaction in synthetic gas.
After slurry temperature raises, the pedesis aggravation of particle, makes material dispersion obtain more even; After slurry heats up, volume increases, and Intermolecular Forces weakens, and slurry viscosity reduces, and is conducive to the conveying of slurry.The surface tension of high temperature slurry reduces, and atomization improves, and adds the contact surface of slurry and vaporized chemical, promotes that gasification reaction carries out completely.The mobility of the rear slurry of slurry temperature rising improves and makes it possible to prepare the slurry of greater concn, improves the efficiency of gasification system.Because slurry preheating temperature is lower, the probability generating by product in warm is lower.
Therefore, in order to make up wet feeding gasification unit high energy consumption, inefficient shortcoming, and realization effectively utilizes the low-grade energy in follow-up system, the present invention proposes a kind of method utilizing low-grade energy to improve slurry feed vaporization device gasification efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of above problem, the invention provides a kind of method to entering vapourizing furnace slurry carbon raw material and oxygenant in wet feeding gasification technology and carry out preheating, the heat recuperation that hydrosphere transformation unit discharges is delivered to vapourizing furnace imported raw material (comprising slurry carbon raw material and oxygenant), the heat realizing slurry carbon raw material gasification unit and hydrosphere transformation unit is integrated, improve the temperature of vapourizing furnace imported raw material, reach and effectively utilize hydrosphere transformation unit tow taste heat.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
Improve a method for slurry feed vaporization device gasification efficiency, comprise the steps:
Steam (S2) from hydrosphere transformation unit waste heat boiler (1) is divided into two strands, one steam (S3) enters the slurry feed heater (2) with carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) heat exchange, and another burst of steam (S7) enters the oxidant heater (3) with oxygenant (S9) heat exchange; Go out the nozzle that the carbonaceous slurry raw material (S6) of slurry feed heater (2) and oxidant heater (3) and oxygenant (S10) are directly sent to vapourizing furnace;
Wherein:
Carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) is sent to slurry feed heater (2) through high pressure slurry pump (5) from carbonaceous slurry raw material storage tank (4);
Oxygenant (S9) is directly from the hyperbaric oxygen agent of air separation facility (6);
The tube side of slurry feed heater (2) walks carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5), shell side walks steam (S3).
For the vapourizing furnace containing multichannel slurry feedstock, often slurry feed heater (2) can be set separately road carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5), also the parallel connection of multichannel (being more than or equal to 2) slurry feedstock can enter a slurry feed heater (2).For avoiding the deposition of carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) in slurry feed heater (2) and uneven distribution, each road tube side of best slurry feed heater (2) all arranges a high pressure slurry pump (5).For the high pressure slurry pump (5) having multichannel (being more than or equal to 2) slurry material outlet, every road carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) is corresponding to an outlet of high pressure slurry pump (5).
The tube side of described slurry feed heater (2) is shell and tube, U-tube formula, coil tube type or helix tube type.
Go out the carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) of high pressure slurry pump (5) and the pressure from the oxygenant (S9) of air separation facility (6) is between 0.1 ~ 12MPa.
Pressure from the steam (S2) of hydrosphere transformation unit waste heat boiler (1) is between 0.1 ~ 12MPa.Heated to carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) by steam (S3), in order to make not generate gas in carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) or do not produce bubble, carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) should lower than carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) water saturation temperature under stress by the temperature after heating.
Carbonaceous in described carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) is a kind of or its several mixture in coal, refinery coke, biomass, pitch, residual oil, bio-oil; Oxygenant (S9) is a kind of or its several mixture in oxygen, air, oxygen-rich air, water vapor, carbonic acid gas.
Described steam (S2) optionally preheating carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5), oxygenant (S9) or to both equal preheatings, select according to concrete production technique.
Described steam (S2) from hydrosphere transformation unit, also from the steam of other system, also can can replace steam, as various fuel with other thermal source.
The low-grade energy indirect reformer of low-pressure steam is high-grade chemical energy by this technique, effectively reduces the raw material consumption of gasification system, improves cold gas efficiency, and then improves the gasification efficiency of slurry feed vaporization device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integrated schematic diagram of heat of slurry carbon raw material gasification unit and hydrosphere transformation unit in embodiment;
Fig. 2 is embodiment Zhong Mei road slurry raw material independence heat exchange schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is multichannel slurry raw material parallel heat exchanging schematic diagram in embodiment.
Nomenclature
1 steam waste heat boiler; 2 slurry feed heater; 3 oxidant heaters;
4 carbonaceous slurry raw material storage tanks; 5 high pressure slurry pumps; 6 air separation facilitys;
S1 oiler feed; S2 steam; S3 steam; S4 phlegma;
S5 carbonaceous slurry raw material; Carbonaceous slurry raw material after S6 heating; S7 steam;
S8 phlegma; S9 oxygenant; Oxygenant after S10 heating; S11 phlegma.
Embodiment
Be below embodiments of the invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, its object is only understanding content of the present invention better.Therefore protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of illustrated embodiment.
See Fig. 1, the integrated core content of the heat of slurry carbon raw material gasification unit and hydrosphere transformation unit is by utilizing the charging of tow taste heat preheating gasification feed unit (comprising slurry carbon raw material and oxygenant), be high-grade chemical energy by low-grade energy indirect reformer, improve the gasification efficiency of slurry feed vaporization device.
Steam S2 is divided into two strands, and wherein one steam S3 enters the slurry feed heater 2 with carbonaceous slurry raw material S5 heat exchange, and another gang of steam S7 enters the oxidant heater 3 with oxygenant S9 heat exchange.Go out the nozzle that the carbonaceous slurry raw material S6 of slurry feed heater 2 and oxidant heater 3 and oxygenant S10 is directly sent to vapourizing furnace.
Carbonaceous slurry raw material S5 is sent to slurry feed heater 2 through high pressure slurry pump 5 from carbonaceous slurry raw material storage tank 4.Oxygenant S9 is directly from the hyperbaric oxygen agent of air separation facility 6.
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the tube side of slurry feed heater 2 walks carbonaceous slurry raw material S5, shell side walks steam S3.For the vapourizing furnace containing multichannel slurry feedstock, often slurry feed heater 2 can be set separately road carbonaceous slurry raw material S5, also multichannel (being more than or equal to 2 tunnels) slurry feedstock parallel connection can enter a slurry feed heater 2.For the high pressure slurry pump 5 having multichannel (being more than or equal to 2 tunnels) slurry material outlet, every road carbonaceous slurry raw material S5 corresponds to an outlet of high pressure slurry pump 5.
The present invention is not limited to the combination form of the slurry feed heater 2 shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and other combination form is also in the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Synthetic gas is produced, synthetic gas and then can be used for the application such as synthesis of chemicals, hydrogen manufacturing, IGCC to the gasification technology of the wet feeding taking coal water slurry as raw material.Table 1 is the character of feed coal.Vapourizing furnace is based on multi-nozzle opposed COAL-WATER SLURRY TECHNOLOGY, and adopt the multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove having 4 opposed burners, vapor pressure is 4.0MPa, and gasification temperature is 1300 DEG C, and vapourizing furnace adopts lining of fire brick.Effective gas (the CO+H of separate unit vapourizing furnace
2) output is 134375Nm
3/ h.
The character of table 1 feed coal
In the present embodiment, high pressure slurry pump 5 is provided with two, and every platform high pressure slurry pump 5 has two outlets, respectively the coal slurry pipeline of two burners that corresponding vapourizing furnace a pair is opposed.Adopt the low-pressure steam from hydrosphere transformation unit 0.5 ~ 1.0MPa to feed coal slurry and the oxygen preheat of vapourizing furnace, the temperature after preheating is 150 DEG C.Every road coal slurry arranges a slurry feed heater 2, and the tube side of slurry feed heater 2 walks coal slurry, shell side walks steam.Tube side adopts coil pipe pattern.Table 2 is major gasification condition and the technic index of preheating and not preheating two kinds of situations.
Table 2 gasification condition and technic index
As can be seen from Table 2, when the temperature of vapourizing furnace import coal water slurry and oxygen is all preheating to 150 DEG C, the ratio coal consumption of gasification installation, reduce 2.8%, 6.4% respectively than oxygen consumption, cold gas efficiency improves 2.1 percentage points, and the gasifying process performance after heat is integrated is better than original gasifying process performance.
Claims (7)
1. improve a method for slurry feed vaporization device gasification efficiency, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Steam (S2) from hydrosphere transformation unit waste heat boiler (1) is divided into two strands, one steam (S3) enters the slurry feed heater (2) with carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) heat exchange, and another burst of steam (S7) enters the oxidant heater (3) with oxygenant (S9) heat exchange; Go out the nozzle that the carbonaceous slurry raw material (S6) of slurry feed heater (2) and oxidant heater (3) and oxygenant (S10) are directly sent to vapourizing furnace;
Wherein:
Carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) is sent to slurry feed heater (2) through high pressure slurry pump (5) from carbonaceous slurry raw material storage tank (4);
Oxygenant (S9) is directly from the hyperbaric oxygen agent of air separation facility (6);
The tube side of slurry feed heater (2) walks carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5), shell side walks steam (S3).
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tube side of described slurry feed heater (2) is shell and tube, U-tube formula, coil tube type or helix tube type.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, goes out the carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) of high pressure slurry pump (5) and the pressure from the oxygenant (S9) of air separation facility (6) is between 0.1 ~ 12MPa.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the pressure from the steam (S2) of hydrosphere transformation unit waste heat boiler (1) is between 0.1 ~ 12MPa.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the carbonaceous in described carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) is a kind of or its several mixture in coal, refinery coke, biomass, pitch, residual oil, bio-oil; Oxygenant (S9) is a kind of or its several mixture in oxygen, air, oxygen-rich air, water vapor, carbonic acid gas.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described steam (S2) optionally preheating carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5), oxygenant (S9) or to both equal preheatings.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) by the temperature after heating lower than carbonaceous slurry raw material (S5) water saturation temperature under stress.
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| CN109722312A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-07 | 中煤陕西榆林能源化工有限公司 | A kind of method of low energy consumption coal water slurry gasification system and heating water-coal-slurry |
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| CN102690686A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-26 | 中国石油和化工勘察设计协会煤化工设计技术中心 | Method for preparing ammonia synthesis gas by pressing and continuously gasifying anthracite by oxygen-enriched air |
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| CN101245262B (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2011-03-30 | 清华大学 | Gas-steam combined cycle system and technique based on coal gasification and methanation |
| JP5535587B2 (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2014-07-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Gasification system and operation method thereof |
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