CN103552357B - A kind of preparation method of composite enhanced fabrics - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of composite enhanced fabrics Download PDFInfo
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- CN103552357B CN103552357B CN201310511203.2A CN201310511203A CN103552357B CN 103552357 B CN103552357 B CN 103552357B CN 201310511203 A CN201310511203 A CN 201310511203A CN 103552357 B CN103552357 B CN 103552357B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to composite precast technical field, the preparation method relating to a kind of composite enhanced fabrics.In the present invention, through electrostatic spinning process, Toughened With High Performance Thermoplastics agent being obtained diameter is the thermoplastic resin fibre of 100～5000nm, and this fiber is directly sprayed in enhanced fabrics surface, thus forming one layer of toughening layer being made up of random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre of surface density in fabric surface, and make its one entirety of composition that adheres to each other with fabric by hot pressing, thus obtaining the fabric product with toughening functions.Present invention process process is simply easily implemented, and can realize the continuous prodution of elasticized fabric, substantially increases production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquid condition shaping composite material prefabricating technique field, the preparation method relating to a kind of composite enhanced fabrics with toughening functions.
Background technology
Fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material due to its specific strength, specific stiffness is higher, designability is strong, anti-fatigue performance is good, environmental resistance is superior and can realize the features such as global formation, has been widely used for the modern high-tech field such as Aero-Space.Wherein, preform composite liquid condition shaping Technology, as the forming technique of a class low cost composite product, is an important directions of Advanced Resin-based Composites research.At present, what obtained successful has resin transfer moulding (RTM) technique, vacuum assisted resin dipping (VARI) technique and resin film infusion molding (RFI) technique.Owing to being subject to the restriction of moulding process, the resin system that liquid condition shaping technique uses mostly is the low toughened resin system that viscosity is relatively low, thus causing composite product there is the shortcoming that toughness is not enough, improve this problem of shock resistance lesion capability of liquid condition shaping composite material, be always up the study hotspot in this field for a long time.
The feature relatively low for solving composite material toughness, the method for toughening that prepreg moulding process selects is more.It is toughness reinforcing that traditional prepreg method for toughening is primarily directed in resin matrix, i.e. " original position " method for toughening, modifying agent (such as thermoplastic resin, rubber, stiff differential equations, organic filler, nanoparticle, whisker etc.) is added directly in resin matrix and reaches toughness reinforcing purpose, but the viscosity of the resin matrix that this method uses is significantly high, it is impossible to meet liquid condition shaping technique to the low viscous requirement of resin.
Therefore, in order to obtain liquid condition shaping technique method for toughening efficient, rational, home and abroad scholar has carried out substantial amounts of research.Wherein, thermoplastic film is laid in the interlayer of reinforced fabric to reach toughness reinforcing purpose by Chinese patent ZL2006100993819, and the CAI of its toughening composition is significantly improved.But this type of interlayer toughened mode suffers from the drawback that, first, the material that toughening material is respectively two kinds different from fibre reinforced materials; toughening material is introduced reinforcing material interlayer by the methods such as need manually lay; technical process is relatively complicated, inefficient, is not suitable for large-scale production.Secondly, when adopting the liquid condition shaping techniques such as RTM, RFI, VARI, toughening material is present in reinforcing material interlayer with the form of thermoplastic resin membrane, significantly limits the interflow performance of resin, adds the difficulty of composite liquid condition shaping.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: propose a kind of when adopting the liquid condition shaping techniques such as RTM, RFI, VARI, reduce the toughening material impact on resin interlayer mobile performance, the preparation method reducing the composite high tenacity enhanced fabrics of composite liquid condition shaping difficulty.
The technical scheme is that (1) selects thermoplastic resin as toughener, by thermoplastic resin section or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, dry 1-2h at 80～100 DEG C, to remove moisture therein；
(2) dried thermoplastic resin is added good solvent, prepare into thermoplastic resin solution；
(3) thermoplastic resin solution utilizing electrospinning process spray on enhanced fabrics surface, forms random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density, toughening layer surface density controls between 5-30g/；
(4) area load is had the enhanced fabrics of toughening layer, makes toughening layer constitute an entirety with fabric through hot-pressing roller hot pressing；
(5) by the enhanced fabrics after hot pressing through drying oven, the solvent in toughening layer is volatilized completely；
(6) by hot pressing, dried enhanced fabrics rolling, the fabric with toughening functions of batch is namely obtained.
Described toughener is one of following thermoplastic resin: polyether-ether-ketone, polyether-ketone, polysulfones, polyether sulfone, TPI, Polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polyamide, polyolefin.
The fibre diameter of described thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer controls between 100～5000nm；
Described enhanced fabrics is the one in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or laminated cloth or non-flexing fabric.
The invention have the advantage that in the present invention, the preparation method of a kind of composite enhanced fabrics with toughening functions is characterized in that obtaining diameter by thermoplastic resin electrostatic spinning technique is the thermoplastic resin fibre of 100-5000nm, and this fiber is collected in fabric surface, thus forming one layer of toughening layer being made up of the continuous thermoplastic resin fibre of random in fabric surface, and make its one entirety of composition that adheres to each other with fabric by hot pressing, thus obtaining the fabric with toughening functions.
The present invention adopts electrostatic spinning technique to prepare thermoplasticity superfine fibre, and fibre diameter is thin, is evenly distributed, it is simple to accomplish scale production；In addition, prepared thermoplastic resin fibre is directly received and forms toughening layer in fabric surface, and through hot pressing and fabric compound, the preparation process of the toughing ways of composite Yu toughening material is combined together, improves the preparation efficiency of toughening composition；And, toughening layer is made up of the nano-scale fiber of random, for loose structure, breathability, seep through are functional, the interflow performance impact of resin is less, suitable in composite liquid condition shaping techniques such as RTM, RFI, VARI, its higher porosity is conducive to resin to infiltrate, and has good toughening effect.Whole technical process is simple, it may be achieved the serialization commercial production of elasticized fabric, the extensive use for elasticized fabric lays the foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is toughened fiber fabric production procedure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is elasticized fabric schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is thermoplastic resin superfine fibre film micro-structure diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the present invention is described in further details.A kind of thermoplastic resin superfine fibre toughened fiber fabric preparation method is characterized in that Toughened With High Performance Thermoplastics agent through the process such as electrostatic spinning, solvent seasoning, obtain the thermoplastic resin superfine fibre that diameter is 100～5000nm, and this fiber is collected in fabric surface, thus forming one layer of toughening layer being made up of the continuous thermoplastic resin superfiber of random in fabric surface, and make its one entirety of composition that adheres to each other with fabric by hot pressing, thus obtaining the fabric with toughening functions.
A kind of thermoplastic resin superfine fibre toughened fiber fabric preparation method, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) selecting thermoplastic resin as toughener, by thermoplastic resin section or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, dry 1-2h at 80～100 DEG C, to remove moisture therein；
(2) dried thermoplastic resin is added good solvent, prepare into thermoplastic resin solution；
(3) thermoplastic resin solution utilizing electrospinning process spray on enhanced fabrics 1 surface, forms random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer 2 of surface density, toughening layer 2 surface density controls between 5-30g/；
(4) area load is had the enhanced fabrics 1 of toughening layer 2, makes toughening layer constitute an entirety with fabric through hot-pressing roller hot pressing；
(5) by the enhanced fabrics after hot pressing through drying oven, the solvent in toughening layer 2 is volatilized completely；
(6) by hot pressing, dried enhanced fabrics rolling, the fabric with toughening functions of batch is namely obtained.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Selecting polyamide PA6 as toughener, by PA6 resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PA6.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PA6 sprays resin on carbon fiber one-way fabric U3160 surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the U3160 carbon fibre fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PA6 make PA6 superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with U3160 enhanced fabrics through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 80 DEG C, and by toughening carbon fiber reinforced one-way fabric through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the carbon fiber-reinforced fabric of U3160/PA6 of 12g/.
Embodiment 2
Selecting polyether sulfone PES as toughener, by PES resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PES.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PES sprays resin on T700 carbon fiber one-way fabric U7192 surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the U7192 carbon fibre fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PES make PES superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with U7192 enhanced fabrics through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughening carbon fiber reinforced one-way fabric through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the carbon fiber-reinforced fabric of U7192/PES of 15g/.
Embodiment 3
Selecting polyether-ketone (PEK) as toughener, by PEK resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PEK.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PEK sprays resin on CCF300 carbon fiber plain cloth CF3031 surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the CF3031 carbon fibre fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PEK make PEK superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with CF3031 enhanced fabrics through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughening carbon fiber reinforced plain cloth through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the carbon fiber-reinforced fabric of CF3031/PEK of 15g/.
Embodiment 4
Selecting polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) as toughener, by PEEK resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PEEK.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PEEK sprays resin on glass fiber cloth SW250 surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the SW250 glass fiber cloth of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PEEK make PEEK superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with SW250 glass fiber cloth through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughness reinforcing glass fiber cloth through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the SW250/PEEK glass fibre elasticized fabric of 15g/.
Embodiment 5
Selecting polysulfones (PSF) as toughener, by PSF resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PSF.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PSF sprays resin on aramid fabric surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the aramid fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PSF make PSF superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with aramid fabric through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughness reinforcing aramid fabric through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the aramid fiber/PSF elasticized fabric of 15g/.
Embodiment 6
Selecting polyether-ether-ketone PEEK as toughener, by PEEK resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PEEK.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PES sprays resin on T800 carbon fiber one-way fabric surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the carbon fibre fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PEEK make PEEK superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with enhanced fabrics through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughening carbon fiber reinforced one-way fabric through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the carbon fiber-reinforced fabric of T800/PEEK of 15g/.
Embodiment 7
Selecting TPI PI as toughener, by PI resin slicer or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 100 DEG C, dry 2h, after removing moisture therein, utilizes solvent to dissolve the pellet of PI.Resin solution after dissolving is joined in electrospinning device, utilizes electrospinning process by PI sprays resin on T800 carbon fiber one-way fabric surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density；Area load have the carbon fibre fabric of the fiber reinforced layer of ultra-fine PI make PI superfine fibre toughening layer form an entirety with enhanced fabrics through the hot-pressing roller hot pressing of 150 DEG C, and by toughening carbon fiber reinforced one-way fabric through drying oven, by rolling after the solvent volatilization completely in toughening layer, it is thus achieved that toughener content is the T800/PI fibre reinforced fabric of 12g/.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a composite enhanced fabrics, it is characterised in that
(1) selecting thermoplastic resin as toughener, by thermoplastic resin section or pulverizing, be subsequently placed in drying baker, dry 1-2h at 80～100 DEG C, to remove moisture therein；
(2) dried thermoplastic resin is added good solvent, prepare into thermoplastic resin solution；
(3) thermoplastic resin solution utilize electrospinning process spray on enhanced fabrics surface, form random, the uniform thermoplastic resin fibre's toughening layer of surface density, toughening layer surface density controls between 5-30g/, and the fibre diameter of toughening layer controls between 100～5000nm；
(4) area load is had the enhanced fabrics of toughening layer, makes toughening layer constitute an entirety with fabric through hot-pressing roller hot pressing；
(5) by the enhanced fabrics after hot pressing through drying oven, the solvent in toughening layer is volatilized completely；
(6) by hot pressing, dried enhanced fabrics rolling, the fabric with toughening functions of batch is namely obtained.
2. the preparation method of a kind of composite enhanced fabrics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described toughener is one of following thermoplastic resin: polyether-ether-ketone, polyether-ketone, polysulfones, polyether sulfone, TPI, Polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polyamide, polyolefin.
3. the preparation method of a kind of composite enhanced fabrics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described enhanced fabrics is the one in glass fibre or carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and its weaving form is one-way fabric or plain cloth or satin fabric or twills or laminated cloth or non-flexing fabric.
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| CN104309235B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-11-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司基础技术研究院 | A kind of difunctional non-woven fabrics sizing-toughness reinforcing enhanced fabrics manufacture method |
| CN105128500A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽冠宜箱包有限公司 | Fabric for suitcase bottom |
| TWI640352B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2018-11-11 | Taiwan Textile Research Institute | Porous filter medium and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107793772A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-03-13 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of nano wire enhancing composite plastic and products thereof and application |
| CN114425891B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-06-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | High-permeability intercalation toughening material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101007443A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of nanofiber toughening carbon fiber reinforced composite |
| CN102505355A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Toughening material of composite material and preparation method toughening material |
| CN102757658A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 江南大学 | Method for carrying out interlayer toughening on glass fiber resin matrix composite material through composite nanometer fiber membrane |
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| JP2012107160A (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-06-07 | Toyota Industries Corp | Fiber-reinforced composite material, process for producing fiber-reinforced composite material and reinforced fiber matrix |
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| CN101007443A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of nanofiber toughening carbon fiber reinforced composite |
| CN102757658A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | 江南大学 | Method for carrying out interlayer toughening on glass fiber resin matrix composite material through composite nanometer fiber membrane |
| CN102505355A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Toughening material of composite material and preparation method toughening material |
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