CN103548995B - Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103548995B
CN103548995B CN201310543828.7A CN201310543828A CN103548995B CN 103548995 B CN103548995 B CN 103548995B CN 201310543828 A CN201310543828 A CN 201310543828A CN 103548995 B CN103548995 B CN 103548995B
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litsea cubeba
litsea
cubeba oil
preparation
oil microcapsule
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CN103548995A (en
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彭梦侠
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MEIZHOU WUZHISHI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Jiaying University
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MEIZHOU WUZHISHI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Jiaying University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a litsea cubeba oil microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mouldproof and insecticidal capsules. The litsea cubeba oil microcapsule is characterized by being prepared by the complex coacervation of litsea cubeba oil taken as a core material, sodium alginate taken as a main wall material and an aqueous solution which contains 1% to 5% of chitosan and 2% to 5% of anhydrous calcium chloride and is taken as a coagulating bath solution, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the litsea cubeba oil is 1:(1-4). The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: firstly preparing an emulsion A of the sodium alginate and the litsea cubeba oil; then preparing the aqueous solution of the chitosan and the anhydrous calcium chloride as the coagulating bath solution B; dripping the emulsion A into the coagulating bath solution B; and solidifying the mixture for certain time and then filtering the mixture, thereby obtaining the litsea cubeba oil microcapsule. Thus, the litsea cubeba oil microcapsule which is high in litsea cubeba oil content, long in service time and good in mouldproof and insecticidal effect and the preparation method of the litsea cubeba oil microcapsule are provided. The litsea cubeba oil microcapsule is mainly used for performing mouldproof and insecticidal functions on grains as well as on clothes.

Description

A kind of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microcapsules for mildew-resistant and desinsection, more particularly, particularly relate to a kind of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule.The present invention also relates to the preparation method of this Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule simultaneously.
Background technology
Litsea citrate oil is the natural plant essential oils obtained by steam distillation by fruit of a cubeb litsea tree fruit, skin, leaf.Have dense citrus scented, its main component is citral, and its content is generally 60% ~ 80%.Litsea citrate oil has stronger sterilization, anti-insect activity.Planting the multiple mould such as malignant bacteria and candida albicans, trichophyta, aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus to staphylococcus aureus, gonococcus, Escherichia coli etc. more than ten all to have and well suppress or killing action, is the widest and one of the phytochemicals production of forceful drug effect of known antimicrobial spectrum.It is worth noting especially: litsea citrate oil has degradation to carcinogenic substance aflatoxin.Through unit successes of the test such as Hunan grain and oil institute, medical colleges of Hunan Province, the aflatoxin in paddy directly can be eliminated by litsea citrate oil.As long as the rice 0.5ml litsea citrate oil confined gas that every double centner toxic amount exceedes national regulation more than 25 times is fumigated, toxic amount can be down to below state-set standard; To insects such as rice weevil, grain weevil, sitophilus zea-mais, Callosobruchus chinensises, there is good insecticidal activity.But litsea citrate oil is but very safe natural products to human body, be the operable food additives of regulation in China's " food additives use sanitary standard ".So with litsea citrate oil as Natural anti-mildew, insect-proof agent in grain, food storing, there is tempting prospect.
Although as far back as last century the eighties just confirm that litsea citrate oil is a kind of grain Natural anti-mildew, insect-proof agent of function admirable, up to now, do not promote the use of.Reviewing its reason may be: litsea citrate oil is liquid, is directly used in grain mold proof, insect protected is inconvenient, careless slightly, also likely soaks dirty grain, affects grain local flavor; Also long distance transportation is unfavorable for. fruit of a cubeb litsea tree main body of oil is citral, and citral is heat-sensitive substance, and character is active, very unstable, easily in illumination, air, oxidation reaction occurs, aroma characteristic and the property of medicine is changed, is unfavorable for long-time preservation. litsea citrate oil is volatile, be difficult to remain valid lastingly sterilization, pesticidal concentration.Just because of the restriction of these several respects, make it apply and be difficult to be promoted.
Microcapsules technology is a kind of filmogen coated for certain material and make it the technology forming fine particle, and the fine particle obtained is microcapsules.Microcapsules are made up of inside and outside two parts, and inner material is called core, and outside coating film is called wall material.When forming microcapsules, core is wrapped by and isolates with external environment, under proper condition, discharges along with the destruction of wall material.If the wall material selected has semi permeability, then core can by infiltration, diffusion, and through membranous wall, slowly-releasing out.
At present, the preparation method of the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule reported roughly has several: with β-cyclodextrin for Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule prepared by wall material, product can use as the antioxidant of food and fumet, but at room temperature, this product can not Spontaneous release litsea citrate oil. be that Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule prepared by wall material with Lauxite, prepare Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule suspension, product is a kind of agriculture chemicals, can not as grain mold proof agent. ethyl cellulose, Hydroxypropylcelliloxe, Arabic gum and maltodextrin is adopted to be compound wall materials, preparation Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, obtain the solid product with good natural slow release, for anti-mould and anti-moth successful, with product of the present invention, there is similar effect, but the effective fuel load of this litsea citrate oil anti-mould and anti-moth slow-release microcapsule is only about 22%, and result of use is more undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of litsea citrate oil content is higher, service time is longer and the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule that result of use is good.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method preparing above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule.
Last technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, wherein these microcapsules are mainly core with litsea citrate oil, sodium alginate is coagulation bath for wall material and the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 5% shitosan and 2% ~ 5% anhydrous calcium chloride, adopt complex coacervation to make; The mass ratio of described sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is 1:1 ~ 4.
In above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, the mass ratio of described sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is 1:1 ~ 3.
After of the present invention, a technical scheme is achieved in that a kind of method preparing above-mentioned arbitrary Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of latex A, take sodium alginate, litsea citrate oil and emulsifying agent by formula ratio, with water, sodium alginate is made into the thick liquid that concentration is 1% ~ 4%, then litsea citrate oil is added in thick liquid with the emulsifying agent accounting for latex A total amount 0.5% ~ 1% and stir, obtain latex A, stand-by;
(2) preparation of coagulation bath B, takes shitosan and anhydrous calcium chloride by formula ratio, uses water as solvent and is mixed with solution, then regulates the acidity of solution to be 5 ~ 7 to pH value with the sodium hydroxide solution of acetic acid or 1mol/L, obtains coagulation bath B, stand-by;
(3) shaping, latex A is instilled in coagulation bath B, obtain milky microcapsules bead, solidify 30 ~ 60 minutes;
(4) filter, by petroleum ether, then under 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment dry 1 ~ 2 hour, obtain finished product Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, step (1) is described to add in thick liquid to stir by litsea citrate oil and emulsifying agent and is specially: first added by litsea citrate oil after stirring in thick liquid, then adds emulsifying agent and carry out secondary and fully stir.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, described emulsifying agent is the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 2% Tween-80.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, the preparation of step (1) described latex A, completes under 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, step (2) described shitosan accounts for 1% ~ 5% of solution total amount, and described anhydrous calcium chloride accounts for 2% ~ 5% of solution total amount.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, the mass ratio of step (3) described latex A and coagulation bath B is 1:1.5 ~ 1.8.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, the volume of step (4) described benzinum is latex A volume 1/10 ~ 1/15.
The present invention with sodium alginate, shitosan for wall material, complex coacervation is adopted to carry out microencapsulation to effumability litsea citrate oil, utilize on chitosan molecule chain and have a large amount of primary amino radicals, in acid condition, amino in molecule is combined with proton and makes it positively charged, and the strand of sodium alginate has a large amount of carboxyls, under electrostatic force, polyelectrolyte film can be formed by positive and negative charge attraction.Gained microcapsules solid particle is comparatively large, easy to use; Effective fuel load is large, and reach more than 41%, sustained release performance is good, and effective storage life is long; Have safe, nontoxic, efficient, the multifrequency nature such as mildew-resistant, insect protected are functional.Two kinds of wall materials are all natural polysaecharides material simultaneously, and nontoxic, good stability, degradable, its product can not bring problem of environmental pollution.
Simultaneously, Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule prepared by the present invention's sodium alginate and shitosan, that the emulsion of sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is instilled the microcapsules formed in the mixed solution of shitosan and calcium chloride, in the process, calcium chloride solution is a consolidation liquid, and calcium ion wherein and sodium alginate form calcium alginate gel complex by coordinate bond.The Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of preparation, year essential oil micro-capsule skin obtained is finer and close, inner core is more loose, outermost layer is that the shitosan be settled out is outer, general not containing litsea citrate oil, middle level is the dispersed composite membrane having the shitosan/sodium alginate of litsea citrate oil, and inner core is homodisperse litsea citrate oil core material.After microencapsulation, litsea citrate oil is wrapped up by two layer polymer film, no longer directly contacts with air, reduces the oxidation of air to it, can keep its stable performance; Simultaneously litsea citrate oil can lentamente from the pellicle of microcapsules Spontaneous release out, have slow release well, effective mildew-resistant, the pesticidal concentration of litsea citrate oil can be kept the long period; Be directly used in grain mold proof, insect protected after can loading paper bag, yarn bag, cloth bag, also can be used for clothing mildew-resistant, insect protected.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not form any limitation of the invention.
A kind of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of the present invention, these microcapsules to be main with litsea citrate oil be core and sodium alginate and the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 5% shitosan and 2% ~ 5% anhydrous calcium chloride are coagulation bath, adopt complex coacervation to make; The mass ratio of described sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is 1:1 ~ 4, and preferred proportion is 1:1 ~ 3; The summation of described core and wall material and the mass ratio of coagulation bath are 1:1.4 ~ 2, and preferred proportion is 1:1.5 ~ 1.8.
A kind of method preparing Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of latex A, sodium alginate, litsea citrate oil and emulsifying agent is taken by formula ratio, under 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment, with water, sodium alginate is made into the thick liquid that concentration is 1% ~ 4%, then first litsea citrate oil is added after stirring in thick liquid, add the emulsifying agent accounting for latex A total amount 0.5% ~ 1% again to carry out secondary and fully stir, obtain latex A, stand-by; Stir respectively, the even of litsea citrate oil can be ensured as much as possible; Described emulsifying agent is the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 2% Tween-80.
(2) preparation of coagulation bath B, takes shitosan and anhydrous calcium chloride by formula ratio, uses water as solvent and is mixed with solution, then regulates the acidity of solution to be 5 ~ 7 to pH value with the sodium hydroxide solution of acetic acid or 1mol/L, obtains coagulation bath B, stand-by; Described shitosan accounts for 1% ~ 5% of solution total amount, and described anhydrous calcium chloride accounts for 2% ~ 5% of solution total amount.
(3) shaping, latex A instilled in coagulation bath B, the mass ratio of latex A and coagulation bath B is 1:1.5 ~ 1.8, obtains milky microcapsules bead, solidifies 30 ~ 60 minutes;
(4) filtering, is the petroleum ether of latex A volume 1/10 ~ 1/15 with volume, then under 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment dry 1 ~ 2 hour, obtains finished product Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule.Made Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule is a kind of safety non-toxic, and stable performance is easy to use, effective mildew-resistant, the right grain mold proof of the vast of heaven of insect protected time, insect-proof agent.
Embodiment 1
Get 2g sodium alginate, add 65mL water, stir, be heated to 55 DEG C, constant temperature, be made into homogeneous liquid of vicidity; Add litsea citrate oil 6g again, stir; Finally account for the aqueous solution containing 2% Tween-80 of latex A total amount 1 %, after fully stirring, obtain latex A, stand-by.
Separately get 1.6g shitosan and 8g anhydrous calcium chloride adds 150mL water, wiring solution-forming, adjust pH to be 5.5 with acetic acid, obtain coagulation bath B, stand-by.
Drip latex A in coagulation bath B with needle tubing, obtain milky microcapsules bead, sealing deposits 30 minutes, filters, and collects microballoon, and in 50 DEG C of baking ovens, drying 1 hour, uses 5mL petroleum ether, obtain yellow particle product.Essential oil embedding rate is 95.1%, and microcapsules oil content is 57.9%.
Embodiment 2
Get 2g sodium alginate, add 98mL water, stir, be heated to 55 DEG C, constant temperature, be made into homogeneous liquid of vicidity; Add litsea citrate oil 8g again, stir; Finally account for the aqueous solution containing 1% Tween-80 of latex A total amount 0.8%, after fully stirring, obtain latex A, stand-by.
Separately get 6.2g shitosan and 3.8g anhydrous calcium chloride, add 185mL water, wiring solution-forming, adjust pH to be 5 with acetic acid, obtain coagulation bath B, stand-by.
Drip latex A in solution B with needle tubing, obtain milky microcapsules bead, sealing deposits 40 minutes, filters, and collects microballoon, and in 50 DEG C of baking ovens, drying 2 hours, uses 8mL petroleum ether, obtain yellow particle product.Essential oil embedding rate is 85.7%, and microcapsules oil content is 42.5%.
Embodiment 3
Get 3g sodium alginate, add 97mL water, stir, be heated to 60 DEG C, constant temperature, be made into homogeneous liquid of vicidity; Add litsea citrate oil 9g again, stir; Finally account for the aqueous solution containing 2% Tween-80 of latex A total amount 1%, after fully stirring, obtain latex A, stand-by.
Separately get 3.2g shitosan, 4.8g anhydrous calcium chloride adds 152mL water, wiring solution-forming, adjust pH to be 6 with the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, obtain coagulation bath B, stand-by.
Drip latex A in solution B with needle tubing, obtain milky microcapsules bead, sealing deposits 50 minutes, filters, and collects microballoon, and in 50 DEG C of baking ovens, drying 2 hours, uses 10mL petroleum ether, obtain yellow particle product.Essential oil embedding rate is 91.4%, and microcapsules oil content is 51.2%.
Embodiment 4
Get 2g sodium alginate, add 198mL water, stir, be heated to 60 DEG C, constant temperature, be made into homogeneous liquid of vicidity; Add litsea citrate oil 2g again, stir; Finally drip the aqueous solution containing 2% Tween-80 accounting for latex A total amount 0.5%, after fully stirring, obtain latex A, stand-by.
Separately get 3.1g shitosan and 6.2g anhydrous calcium chloride, add 300.7mL water, wiring solution-forming, adjust pH to be 6 with acetic acid, obtain coagulation bath B, stand-by.
Drip latex A in solution B with needle tubing, obtain milky microcapsules bead, 60 minutes, filter, collect microballoon, in 50 DEG C of baking ovens, drying 1.5 hours, uses 20mL petroleum ether, obtains yellow particle product.Essential oil embedding rate is 88.5%, and microcapsules oil content is 46.2%.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention to prepare Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, technique is simple, and gained microcapsule granule is comparatively large, easy to use; Effective fuel load is large, and sustained release performance is good, and effective storage life is long; Have safe, nontoxic, efficient, the multifrequency nature such as mildew-resistant, insect protected are functional is a kind of natural grain mold proof, insect-proof agent of having promotional value.
The present invention has carried out slow release test, microbiological test and mildew-resistant in kind, insect protected to the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule obtained by above-described embodiment and has tested, and its result is as follows:
sR test and result
The present invention has carried out slow release experiment to the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule obtained by above-described embodiment, and the oil content of slow release effect microcapsules characterizes.Concrete testing program is: microcapsules made in above-described embodiment are respectively got 20g and puts into yarn bag, be suspended on (by daily wardrobe accustomed to using) in the same wardrobe of 0.5m*0.8m*1.5m, at set intervals, get Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule sample 1g, smash to pieces in mortar, the litsea citrate oil washed out in microcapsules is repeatedly extracted with benzinum, suction filtration, filter residue dries 2h at 50 DEG C, surveys its weight after being cooled to room temperature, divided by sample size 1g, namely record microcapsules oil content.Result of the test is in table 1:
the result that table 1 Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule oil content changed with the resting period
Can find out from table 1, the made Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of the present invention all has slow release, and wherein embodiment 1 products obtained therefrom slow-release period can up to 1 year.Slow release well, makes the product energy long period keep effective mildew-resistant, the insect protected concentration of litsea citrate oil.
microbiological test and result
First 3 kinds of moulds activation culture on potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium, then picking 3 kinds of moulds embrace sub-supending (embrace son/mL, must use in 24h for 105) respectively.
Required instrument, sterilized water and potato dextrose agar (PDA) are cultivated based on after 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min in sterilizer, treat that culture medium is cooled to about 60 DEG C, be sub-packed in (each about 15mL) in plate, cooled and solidified, on the culture medium solidified, drip concentration is 105 bacteria suspension 0.2mL embracing son/mL, smoothens.Again by plate back-off, a certain amount of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule (embodiment 1 products made thereby) is placed on plate lid, is placed in insulating box, cultivate 48 h at 28 DEG C ± 1 DEG C after, observe fungus growth situation (often kind of parallel work of situation three plates); Do blank experiment with three plates simultaneously.Its result of the test is as table 2:
table 2 Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule is to the antibacterial result of mould
As can be seen from table 2, adopt the growth of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule to several typical mould prepared by the present invention to have significant inhibition, can be used as mould inhibitor.
mildew-resistant in kind, insect protected test and result
The present invention is by the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule obtained by above-described embodiment 1, test for rice, mung bean as mildew-resistant, insect-proof agent, concrete grammar is: take commercial rice (or mung bean) 60g, be respectively charged into two vials of 280mL, put into the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of same quality, one bottle of covered and enclosed (i.e. sealing state), another bottle first seals with filter paper, then on filter paper, open ten duck eyes (semi-closed state) with toothpick, preserve 6 months.The detection the method for plate culture count of anti-mold effect, get the sample of 10g preservation in sterilizing conical flask, add 90mL aqua sterilisa, homogeneous 10min in gas bath constant temperature oscillator, is the sample diluting liquid of 1: 10; Dilution is got 1ml in culture dish by this, add again 15mL sterilized cooling potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium, make it just cover dilution, be placed in insulating box, cultivate 48 h at 28 DEG C ± 1 DEG C after, observe fungus growth situation (often kind of parallel work of situation three plates).Vermins-proof effect detection visual method.Result of the test is as table 3:
table 3 Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule is to the mildew-resistant of rice, mung bean, vermins-proof effect
(illustrate: ++++represent that snake is very serious; +++ serious; ++ general;-can not visually observe)
As can be seen from Table 3, the made Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule of the present invention has good mildew-resistant, insect protected effect.

Claims (9)

1. a Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, is characterized in that, these microcapsules are mainly core with litsea citrate oil, sodium alginate is coagulation bath for main wall material and the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 5% shitosan and 2% ~ 5% anhydrous calcium chloride, adopt complex coacervation to make; The mass ratio of described sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is 1:1 ~ 4.
2. Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil is 1:1 ~ 3.
3. prepare a method for above-mentioned arbitrary Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of latex A, take sodium alginate and litsea citrate oil by formula ratio, with water, sodium alginate is made into the thick liquid that concentration is 1% ~ 4%, then litsea citrate oil is added in thick liquid with the emulsifying agent accounting for latex A total amount 0.5% ~ 1% and stir, obtain latex A, stand-by;
(2) preparation of coagulation bath B, takes shitosan and anhydrous calcium chloride by formula ratio, uses water as solvent and is mixed with solution, then regulates the acidity of solution to be 5 ~ 7 to pH value with the sodium hydroxide solution of acetic acid or 1mol/L, obtains coagulation bath B, stand-by;
(3) shaping, latex A is instilled in coagulation bath B, obtain milky microcapsules bead, solidify 30 ~ 60 minutes;
(4) filter, by petroleum ether, then under 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment dry 1 ~ 2 hour, obtain finished product Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule.
4. the preparation method of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, step (1) is described to add in thick liquid to stir by litsea citrate oil and emulsifying agent and is specially: first added by litsea citrate oil after stirring in thick liquid, then adds emulsifying agent and carry out secondary and fully stir.
5. the preparation method of the Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, step (1) described emulsifying agent is the aqueous solution containing 1% ~ 2% Tween-80.
6. the preparation method of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the preparation of step (1) described latex A, completes under 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C environment.
7. the preparation method of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3, is characterized in that, step (2) described shitosan accounts for 1% ~ 5% of solution total amount, and described anhydrous calcium chloride accounts for 2% ~ 5% of solution total amount.
8. the preparation method of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of step (3) described latex A and coagulation bath B is 1:1.5 ~ 1.8.
9. the preparation method of Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the volume of step (4) described benzinum is latex A volume 1/10 ~ 1/15.
CN201310543828.7A 2013-11-06 2013-11-06 Litsea cubeba oil microcapsule and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN103548995B (en)

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