CN103545600B - For the antenna tuning of multiband work - Google Patents

Abstract

Be incorporated to system of the present disclosure and process and can have comprised the multiband aerial that for example can use in mobile communication equipment. This multiband aerial comprises the public feed port that is coupled in the first radiant section and the second radiant section each. The first and second radiant sections have all defined resonant bandwidth separately. This multiband aerial is also included at least one adjusting detune circuit of arranging between the physical insulation radiant section of each radiant section in the first and second radiant sections. The adjusting of tuning circuit has been changed to corresponding resonant bandwidth, and it allows and another resonant bandwidth phase tuning corresponding resonant bandwidth independently, and does not affect the performance of another resonant bandwidth. In at least some embodiment, tuning circuit can comprise the tuned phase shifters with one or more assemblies, and each assembly has variable reactance. Other embodiment are disclosed.

Description

For the antenna tuning of multiband work

Technical field

The disclosure relates generally to antenna, and relates more specifically to tunable multiband aerial.

Background technology

Cellular communication such as cell phone, tablet PC and laptop computerEquipment can be supported many honeycombs access technology, reciprocity access technology, individual territory that can concurrent workNet access technology and position receiver access technology. It is various that cellular communication apparatus is also integratedConsumer characteristic, for example: MP3 player, color monitor, game application, camera, withAnd other features. Can require cellular communication apparatus to communicate by letter in various frequencies, and real at someIn example, allow cellular communication apparatus experience various physics and function service condition.

In some instances, require this communication equipment to work in different frequency range, generally claimedFor multiband work. For example, can require cellular communication apparatus to be operated in low frequency cellular band,For example, for voice communication, and be operated in high frequency cellular band, for example, for data communication.In addition, along with causing the progress of less encapsulation and larger function in mobile communication equipment, forThe demand of the multiband work in the case of the correspondence increase that there is no antenna is wanted.

Multiband aerial can be provided in the covering in different operating frequency range, for example, in mobile communicationPlanar inverted " F " antenna (PIFA) using in equipment. But unfortunately, this antenna is logicalThe determined relatively narrow bandwidth of operation of resonance by multiband aerial structure is often provided. Thereby,If require larger bandwidth to cover, can increase extra element area, increase multibandThe size of antenna structure and complexity.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multiband aerial, having comprised: feed port;The first radiant section, is coupled to described feed port and defines the first resonant bandwidth; The second spokePenetrate part, be coupled to described feed port and define different from described the first resonant bandwidthTwo resonant bandwidth, described the second radiant section comprises: near-end radiant section, is coupled to described feedPort; Far-end radiant section, with described near-end radiant section and described feed port physical insulation; WithAnd the first adjusting detune circuit, comprise and be coupling in described near-end radiant section and described far-end radiant sectionBetween, there is the first tunable element of tunable electric resistance impedance, wherein, to described firstDescribed the second resonant bandwidth is revised in the adjusting of described first tunable element of adjusting detune circuit,And do not change described the first resonant bandwidth.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of method, having comprised: be at least one by comprisingIndividual processor is identified for the multiband aerial including multiple radiant sections in interior systemThe expected frequency of work, at least some radiant sections in described multiple radiant sections are in skyThe corresponding resonant bandwidth of difference that line cap place can realize contributes; Select institute by described systemState one of radiant section, to adapt to the work of described multiband aerial on described expected frequency;And regulating tuning circuit by described system, described tuning circuit comprises and is coupling in selected Department of RadiationPoint adjacent radiation section between, there is the tunable element of tunable electric resistance impedance, wherein,The resonance of selected radiant section is changed in the adjusting of the described tunable element to described tuning circuit,Make the radiant section that do not select in the described multiple radiant sections that do not change described multiband aerialThe situation of resonant bandwidth under, the resonant bandwidth of selected radiant section comprises described expected frequency.

Brief description of the drawings

Referring now to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn in proportion, and wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the illustrative embodiment of communication equipment;

Fig. 2 shows the illustrative embodiment of a part for the transceiver of the communication equipment of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3～6B shows the illustrative enforcement of the tunable matching network of the transceiver of Fig. 2Example;

Fig. 7 show used by the communication equipment of Fig. 1 for control communication equipment useThe illustrative embodiment of the look-up table of tunable reactance component (reactiveelement);

Fig. 8～11 show illustrative physics and the work service condition of communication equipment;

Figure 12 shows the showing of illustrative embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installingIntention;

Figure 13 shows saying for the process of tuning two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installingBright property embodiment;

Figure 14 shows saying of process for operating the piece installing of two-band separate tunable antenna setsBright property embodiment;

Figure 15 shows the plane of the embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installing;

Figure 16 shows the plane of another embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installingFigure;

Figure 17 A～17D shows the illustrative embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna elementThe diagrammatic representation of performance;

Figure 18 A～18C shows the electricity including the piece installing of two-band separate tunable antenna setsThe plane of a part for road assembly and cross-sectional view; And

Figure 19 shows the illustrative summary presentation graphs of the machine with computer system form, itsIn, in the time carrying out instruction set, it is disclosed herein any that this instruction set can make this machine carry outOne or more methods.

Detailed description of the invention

The disclosure has been described the illustrative embodiment of tunable multiband aerial etc., wherein, and notAffect in the situation of other working frequency range of same antenna at least one work of multiband aerialFrequency range can independent tuning. Thereby, a limited number of resonance portion of multiband irradiation structureCan cover the bandwidth of operation larger than possible in other cases bandwidth of operation. The disclosure is retouchedOther embodiment are stated.

An embodiment of the present disclosure comprises that one has public feed port and is coupled to described public affairsThe multiband aerial of the first radiant section of feed port altogether. Described the first radiant section definesThe first resonant bandwidth. Described multiband aerial also comprises: the second radiant section, and described in being coupled toPublic feed port, and define second resonant bandwidth different from described the first resonant bandwidth.Described the second radiating element comprises: be coupled to described public feed port near-end radiant section, withFar-end radiant section, the Yi Jike of described near-end radiant section and described public feed ports physical insulationKey detune circuit. Described adjusting detune circuit is at described near-end radiant section and described far-end radiant sectionBetween coupling. The adjusting of described tuning circuit is revised to described the second resonant bandwidth, and do not changeDescribed the first resonant bandwidth.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a kind of process for tuned antenna. Described process bagDraw together: identified for comprising multiple radiant sections by the system including at least one processorAt the target frequency of the work of interior multiband aerial. Each radiant section is at community antenna endThe corresponding resonant bandwidth of difference that mouth place can realize contributes. By described system responses in knowOther target frequency is selected one of described radiant section, to adapt to described multiband aerial in instituteState the work on target frequency. Between the adjacent radiation section of selected radiant section, one coupling is adjustedDetune circuit. Regulate described tuning circuit by described system, change thus the humorous of selected radiant sectionShake, make the resonant bandwidth of selected radiant section comprise described target frequency. Described in not changingThe situation of the resonant bandwidth of not selecting radiant section in described multiple radiant sections of multiband aerialUnder, realize this adjusting of the resonant bandwidth to selected radiant section.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a kind of communication equipment, and described communication equipment comprises transmittingAt least one and multiband aerial in machine or receiver. Described multiband aerial comprises common feedElectricity port and multiple radiant section. In described multiple radiant section, each radiant section is coupled to instituteState public feed port, and limit corresponding resonant bandwidth. Described multiband aerial is also included inCoupling between the contiguous radiant section of each radiant section of described multiple radiant sections and far-end radiant sectionAt least one adjustable reactance impedance of closing. To the adjusting amendment of described at least one reactance impedanceEach resonant bandwidth, and do not change the resonance of other radiant sections in described multiple radiant sectionBandwidth.

Fig. 1 shows the illustrative embodiment of communication equipment 100. Communication equipment 100 can wrapDraw together the one or more transceivers 102 that are coupled to one or more antennas 101, each transmitting-receivingLetter facility have transmitter section and receiver section (one or more transceivers, herein102), tunable circuit 122, one or more tuned sensor 124, user interface (UI)104, power supply 114, position receiver 116, motion sensor 118, aspect sensor 120,And for managing the controller 106 of its operation. Transceiver 102 can be supported short distance or far awayApart from wireless access technology, for example Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), numeralStrengthen cordless telecommunication (DECT) or cellular telecommunication art, only lift several examples here.

One or more antennas 101 can be configured to work in different operating frequency range manyBand antenna. Example multiband aerial 101 ' is depicted as and is comprised: have at the first bandwidth of operationIn resonance the first resonance portion 101a ' and have in the second different bandwidth of operationThe second resonance portion 101b ' of resonance. In at least some embodiment, can with same antennaAny other bandwidth of operation of 101 ' is selected each in different operating bandwidth mutually independently. ?In at least some embodiment, multiband aerial 101 ' comprise with the first and second resonance portion 101a ',Corresponding at least one being associated the second tunable circuit 150 in 101b '. Tunable electricityRoad can be used to the resonance performance that optionally changes associated resonance part 101a ', 101b ',Change thus bandwidth of operation. In illustrative embodiment, tuning circuit 150 and the first resonant structureDivide 101a ' to be associated.

Cellular technology for example can comprise: global system for mobile communications (GSM), CDMAThe access of access (CDMA), time division multiple acess (TDMA), universal mobile telecommunications (UMTS),The radio (SDR) of the whole world microwave interoperability manipulation (WiMAX), software definition, drill for a long timeOther next generation wireless communication technology of entering (LTE) and occurring. Transceiver 102 also canFor example, to be suitable for support circuit-switched Wireline access technology (PSTN(PSTN)), packet switch Wireline access technology (for example TCP/IP, IP-based languageSound-VoIP etc.) or their combination. Can be based on one or more this cellular technologiesSelect the bandwidth of operation of one or more antennas 101, or independently or wireless with otherTechnology combines, for example, below one or more: WLAN (LAN) (for exampleAs be called as the IEEE802.11 technology of Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)), Wireless Personal Network (PAN)(for example BLUETOOTH) and navigation system (for example global positioning system (GPS))Etc..

The first and second tunable circuit 122,150 can comprise variable reactive element, for example:Can use the tuning variable condenser of numeral and/or analog bias signals, variometer or itCombination. The first tunable circuit 122 can represent with antenna 101 be coupled for compensationThe tunable matching network of the change of antenna 101 middle impedances, for compensating multiaerial systemThe compensating circuit of mutual coupling, adjust for the amplifier of operation of the amplifier of controlling transceiver 102Detune circuit, for changing the filter tuner of passband of the wave filter that transceiver 102 usesCircuit etc.

Can locate to place tuned sensor 124 any grade of transceiver 102, for exampleBefore or after distribution network 202, and/or at power amplifier 201 places, as shown in Figure 2. StandbySelection of land or additionally, tuned sensor 124 can be placed in transceiver and one or more antennaBetween 101, and by one or more resonant section 101a ', 101b ' along multiband aerial 101 'Upper placement. Tuned sensor 124 can be utilized any suitable detection technology, for example directed couplingClose the letter that device, divider or other detection techniques are measured any grade of place of transceiver 102Number, signal between transceiver 102 and one or more antenna 101 and along manySignal on one or more resonant section 101a ', the 101b ' of band antenna 101 '. Can be byThe analog-digital converter that tuned sensor 124 comprises provides the number of measuring-signal to controller 106Word sampling. The data that tuned sensor 124 provides to controller 106 can be for for example measuringOne or more below: transmitted power, transmitter frequency, receiver sensitivity, communication equipment100 power consumption, resonance current (for example, current magnitude), real by regulating filter passbandExisting Frequency Band Selection, the linearity of power amplifier and efficiency, specific absorption rate (SAR)Require etc. Controller 106 can be configured to carry out one or more tuning algorithms, with baseDetermine the one or more of the first and second tunable circuit 122,150 in aforementioned measurement resultExpectation tuning state.

In at least some embodiment, this tuning algorithm collaborative work, tuning to determine expectationState. For example, initially tuning the first and second tunable circuit of this collaborative tuning algorithm122, one of 150, and another in tuning the first and second tunable circuit 122,150 subsequentlyOne. Can repeat this collaborative tuning process, with for example in the first and second tunable circuitOne or more fine setting. This collaborative tuning algorithm is adjustable for having first and secondIn detune circuit 122, one or more embodiment of any or two also works similarly. ExampleAs, matching network 122 can be tuned to original state, and by multiple the second tunable circuitOne of be tuned to corresponding state. Another second tunable circuit can be tuned to corresponding state,Continue and likely retune, until realize total system tuning state.

UI104 can comprise the mechanism of guiding that has for the operation of manipulating communication equipment 100Pressing or touch sensitive keypad 108 of (for example, spin, rocking bar, mouse or positioning disk).Keypad 108 can be the part becoming one of the shell assembly of communication equipment 100, or canTo be for example, by mooring (tethered) Wireline interface (, USB cable) or to support exampleAs the wave point of Bluetooth and its can operational coupled autonomous device. Keypad 108 can be shownShow by the normally used numeric keypad of phone and/or there is the QWERTY of alpha numeric keysKeypad. UI104 can also comprise display 110, for example monochrome or color LCD (liquid crystalShow device), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or for the final use to communication equipment 100Other suitable Display Techniques of image are passed at family place. Touch-sensitive embodiment at display 110In, can by have the display 110 of guidance feature represent keypad 108 a part orAll.

Display 110 can use touch screen technology to go back as the use for detection of user's inputInterface, family. As touch-screen display, communication equipment 100 can be suitable for presenting and have figure useThe user interface of interface, family (GUI) element, this graphic user interface (GUI) element canUse the touch of finger to select by user. Touch-screen display 110 can be equipped with capacitive,Resistive or other form detection techniques, put to detect in a part for touch-screen displayHow many surf zones of user's finger are put. This detection information can be for controlling GUI elementOr the manipulation of other functions of user interface. Display 110 can communication equipment 100 outsideThe part becoming one of shell assembly can be maybe by mooring Wireline interface or wirelessInterface and its can communicative couplings autonomous device.

UI104 can also comprise audio system 112, and it passes on amount of bass with AudiotechnicaAudio frequency (near the audio frequency of for example, hearing people's ear) and louder volume audio frequency are (for example,, for exempting fromCarry the loudspeaker of operation). Audio system 112 can also comprise for receiving listening of end userThe microphone of signal. Audio system 112 can also be used for speech recognition application. UI104 also canTo comprise imageing sensor 113, for example, for catching the charge-coupled device of static state or moving imagePart (CCD) camera.

Power supply 114 can utilize common power management techniques to carry to the assembly of communication equipment 100Energizing quantity to be to facilitate long distance or low coverage portable use, for example replaceable and rechargeable battery, confessionElectricity regulation technology and/or charging system technology. Alternatively or in combination, charging system can be in order toWith external power source, the DC power for example for example, providing by physical interface (, USB port)Or other suitable mooring technology.

Position receiver 116 can utilize location technology, for example global positioning system (GPS)Receiver, it can be known with the signal of the planisphere generation based on gps satellite by assistant GPSThe position of other communication equipment 100, it can be for convenient positioning service such as navigation.Motion sensor 118 can utilize motion detection technique, for example accelerometer, gyroscope orThe motion detection technique that other are suitable, detects the motion of communication equipment 100 in three dimensions.Aspect sensor 120 can utilize orientation detection technology, and for example magnetometer is established to detect communicationStandby 100 orientation (north, south, west and east, and spending, dividing or other suitable sidesCombination orientation under the tolerance of position).

Communication equipment 100 can also use transceiver 102, for example, (, to pass through detection technologyUtilize and receive signal indicator (RSSI) and/or time of arrival (toa) (TOA) or flight time(TOF) measure) determine and honeycomb, WiFi, Bluetooth or other WAPsProximity or to their distance.

Controller 106 can utilize computing technique come computer instructions, control and locateThe data that the aforementioned components of reason communication equipment 100 provides, computing technique is for example: micro-processingDevice, digital signal processor (DSP) and/or have associative storage (for example, flash memory,ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other memory technologies) video processor.

The disclosure can be used unshowned other assemblies in Fig. 1. Communication equipment 100 can wrapDraw together for example, groove for inserting or remove identity module (, subscriber identity module (SIM) card).SIM can be for identification and registered subscriber service, computer program, store subscriber numberAccording to etc.

Can add unshowned other assemblies in Fig. 1 to communication equipment 100. For example, communicationEquipment 100 for example can comprise, for inserting or remove identity module (, subscriber identity module(SIM) card) groove. SIM can, for identification and registered subscriber service, be carried out and calculateMachine program, store subscriber data etc.

Refer again to Fig. 2, show the radio receiving-transmitting unit 102 of the communication equipment 100 of Fig. 1The illustrative embodiment of a part. In GSM application, the transmission of transceiver 102 andReceiving unit can comprise the amplifier 201,203 that is coupled to tunable matching network 202, canResonance matching network 202 and then be coupled to impedance load 206. Impedance load 206 in the present noteCan be the antenna shown in Fig. 1 (antenna 206 herein). When for sending session initiation switch204 o'clock, the transmitted signal with radio frequency (RF) signal (TX) form can be directed to and putLarge device 201, amplifier 201 amplifies this signal will put by tunable matching network 202Signal after large is directed to antenna 206. The receiving unit of transceiver 102 can utilize prepositionAmplifier 203, in the time using switch 204 for reception session initiation, preamplifier 203 is to logicalCrossing the signal that tunable matching network 202 receives from antenna 206 amplifies. For otherThe honeycomb access technology of type, such as CDMA, UMTS, LTE etc., other of Fig. 2 are joinedIt is possible putting. These undocumented configurations are applicable to the disclosure.

Fig. 3 and 4 shows the illustrative embodiment of tunable circuit 122,150, for example Fig. 2The tunable matching network 202 of transceiver 102. In one embodiment, tunableDistribution network 202 can comprise control circuit 302 and tunable reactance component 310. Control circuit302 can comprise DC to DC converter 304, one or more digital to analog converter (DAC)306 and one or more corresponding buffer 308, to amplify the voltage being generated by each DAC.Can for example, to one or more tunable reactance component 404,406 and 408 (as shown in Figure 4)Be fed to the signal after amplification, Fig. 4 shows the possible Circnit Layout of tunable reactance component 310.In this explanation, tunable reactance component 310 comprises 3 tunable capacitors 404～408With 2 inductors 402～403 with fixed inductance. The Circnit Layout of match circuit (for example" Tee ", " Pi " and " L " configuration) be also the suitable configurations that can use in the disclosure.Although illustrative embodiment, with reference to tunable matching network 202, is to be understood that with this adjustableWhat detune circuit was relevant openly can be applied to any tunable circuit disclosed herein, for example figureTunable circuit 122,150 shown in 1.

Tunable capacitor 404～408 all can utilize the reactance that makes it possible to tuning blockTechnology. An embodiment of tunable capacitor 404～408 can utilize voltage or electric current adjustableHumorous dielectric substance. Tunable dielectric material can utilize the synthetic of barium strontium titanate etc. StandbySelection of land or additionally, tunable reactance component 310 can utilize semiconductor variable reactor orMEMS (MEMS) technology of dielectric constant that can mechanical alteration capacitor. CauseOther methods current or of future generation of voltage or the tunable reactance component of electric current or material synthetic are suitableFor the disclosure being used by the tunable reactance component 310 of Fig. 3.

DC to DC converter 304 can be from Fig. 1 the power supply 114 of communication equipment 100Receive DC signal, for example 3 volts. DC to DC converter 304 can use the signal by DCBe amplified to the technology of higher scope (for example, 30 volts), for example as shown in the figure. Controller 106Can be by the control bus 307 of " n " individual or more electric wires or trace to each DAC306Data signal is provided, to control respectively the electric capacity of tunable capacitor 404～408, changes thusThe overall electric resistance impedance (reactiveimpedance) of tunable matching network 202. Can useTwo-wire serial bussing technique (for example, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus (herein byBe called spi bus 307)) realize control bus 307. Utilize spi bus 307, controlDevice 106 can send serialization data signal with the each DAC in allocation plan 3. The control of Fig. 3Circuit 302 processed can utilize digital state machine logic to realize spi bus 307, and it can be byThe data signal that controller 106 provides is directed to DAC, defeated to control the simulation of each DACGo out, then by buffer 308, it is amplified. In one embodiment, control circuit 302It can be the stand-alone assembly that is coupled to tunable reactance component 310. In another embodiment, canWith by control circuit 302 can with another equipment (for example, controller 106) in whole or in partIntegrate.

Although tunable reactance component 310 is depicted as and has RF input and RF with one way systemOutput, RF sense is illustrative, and can mutually exchange. In addition tunable reactance,Arbitrary port of element 310 can be connected on the distributing point, antenna of antenna 206 (on-antenna)The structural detail of the antenna 206 under configuration is (for example,, along multiband aerial 101 ' (Fig. 1)One of resonant section 101a ', 101b ') or in the time using diversity antenna or there is different radioWhen the antenna of access technology is closely adjacent to each other physically and is easily subject to mutual coupling thus forBetween the antenna of compensation mutual coupling. Tunable reactance component 310 can also be connected to emitter or connectOther circuit units of receipts machine part, for example wave filter, amplifier etc., to control its operation.

In another embodiment, the tunable matching network 202 of Fig. 2 can comprise decoder shapeThe control circuit 502 of formula and including one or more tunable electricity can switch reactance componentAnti-element 504, for example as shown in Figure 6 A and 6B. In the present embodiment, controller 106 canTo provide signal via spi bus 307 to control circuit 402, can use boolean or stateMachine logic is decoded to signal, to enable respectively or disabled switch element 602A, 602B (systemBe called 602). Can use semiconductor switch, MEMS or other suitable switching techniques realExisting switch element 602. By independently enable and forbid with switch element 602 Fig. 6 A andReactance component 604A, the 604B (capacitor or inductor) of 6B, can be by controller 106Change the overall electric resistance impedance of tunable reactance component 504.

Fig. 3 and 5 tunable reactance component 310 and 504 can be respectively and the transmitting-receiving letter of Fig. 1Various circuit in machine 102 and the first and second tunable circuit 122,150 one or moreAssembly uses together, to make the controller 106 can management of performance factor, for example, (but limitIn): the power consumption of transmitted power, transmitter frequency, receiver sensitivity, communication equipment 100,By the Frequency Band Selection that regulates filter passband to realize, the linearity and the effect of power amplifierThe running parameters such as rate, SAR requirement.

Fig. 7 shows the key diagram of the look-up table of storing in memory for example, can be by Fig. 1The controller 106 of communication equipment 100 use according to the physics of communication equipment 100 and/or functionSituation is write index to it. Physics service condition can represent the physical state of communication equipment 100,And function service condition can represent the duty of communication equipment 100. For example,, for Fig. 8Clamshell phone 800, opens to renovate and can represent a physics service condition, and closure is renovatedCan represent another physics service condition. Under closure is renovated state (, bottom is renovated andTop is renovated 802～804 and is aimed at), user likely uses his/her hand in the time holding phone 800Around top renovate 802 and bottom renovate 804, this can cause phone 800 built-in aerial orDetachable antenna (not shown) is experienced the scope of a load impedance. Built-in aerial or canThis load impedance scope of detachable antenna can be determined by empirical analysis.

When renovating while opening, for example, when audio system (, the audio system of Fig. 1 of phone 800112), while being set as amount of bass and voice channel activation, user is likely renovating 804 by topNear user's ear time, hold bottom with one and renovate 802. On the other hand, if soundFrequently system 112 is under speaker mode, and likely user renovates 804 away from user by topEar is placed. In these are arranged, built-in aerial or detachable antenna may be experienced differenceLoad impedance scope, this can analyze by experience. Low and the high pitch of audio system 112Amount state and voice channel is activated definitely show different function service conditions.

For thering is the slidably phone 900 (shown in Fig. 9) of keypad 904, be in outer positionThe keypad of putting can present a load impedance scope of built-in aerial, and in stowed positionKeypad can present another load impedance scope, can analyze each load resistance by experienceAnti-scope. For the smart phone 1000 (shown in Figure 10) that presents video-game, can suppose:User is likely kept away from phone user's ear, to watch game. By smart phone1000 are placed in lengthwise position 1002 can represent a physics and work service condition, and by intelligenceEnergy phone 1000 uses for 1004 times in lateral attitude and has presented another physics and work service condition.

The game that the hand using under vertical pattern and the number of finger can played by userParticular type is determined. For example, particular video frequency game can require following user interface: wherein,Single finger under vertical pattern can be enough to be used in controlling game. Under this scene, can be falseFixed: user holds smart phone 1000 with one and uses another hand under vertical patternFinger. By empirical analysis, when use video-game under vertical pattern time, can determine communicationThe possible impedance ranges of the built-in aerial of equipment. Similarly, if the video-game of selecting hasFollowing user interface: known its requires two hands under transverse mode, can come by experienceDetermine another estimation impedance ranges of built-in aerial.

Can with two or more combinations facilitate multiple access technology (for example, GSM,CDMA, LTE, WiFi, GPS and/or Bluetooth) multi-mode telephone 1100 canThe possible impedance ranges that two or more built-in aerials of multi-mode telephone 1100 are experienced providesAdditional understands in depth. For example, when other access technologies are also in use time, can pass through warpTest to analyze by processing and provide GPRS from 1102,1104 groups of signals that receive of satelliteThe multi-mode telephone 1100 of service. For example suppose in the time enabling navigation Service multi-mode telephone 1100Facilitate voice communication by exchanging wireless information with cellular basestation 1106. Under this state,The service condition that the built-in aerial of GPS receiver can be subject to user holds multi-mode telephone 1100Near impact (for example,, user's ear or away from user's ear). Can come by experienceThe impact of the hand position of analysis user on GPS receiver antenna and GSM antenna.

Under another scene, suppose: the antenna next-door neighbour WiFi transceiver of GSM transceiverAntenna. Also hypothesis: for facilitating the GSM frequency range of voice communication to approach WiFi transceiverOperating frequency. Also hypothesis: the service condition of voice communication can cause the spy of multi-mode telephone 1100Determine physical state (for example, skidding off) this can cause multi-mode telephone 1100 user can expertPortion position. This physics and function service condition can affect WiFi transceiver antenna andThe impedance ranges of the antenna of GSM transceiver.

The degree of approach between WiFi and GSM antenna and the operating frequency that approaches of antenna also canTo cause the cross-couplings between antenna. Can by experience measure under these environment mutuallyCoupling or cross-couplings. Similarly, when with another communication equipment 1108 or and WAPIn 1110 peer-to-peer communications that carry out, use Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee or other access skillsWhen art, the impedance that can measure other built-in aerials with configuration for specific physics and functionExperience measure. For example, in diversity design (, many inputs and many output (MIMO) antennas),How best physics and the function service condition that can measure communication equipment by experience are determinedFor example tunable compensating circuit 122,150 as shown in Figure 1 of configuration.

When considering the antenna of access technology, frequency range, different access technologies, designing for diversityWhen the combination of antenna configuring etc., the physics of communication equipment 100 and function service conditionNumber can be substantial. Combine to determine antenna but can analyze these by experienceLoad impedance, the mutual coupling between them and the impact on transmitter and receiver performance metric.For reducing the effect of mutual coupling, counter varying duty impedance and improve transceiver 102The mitigation strategy of other performance metrics can also be determined by experience. Can searching at Fig. 7Empirical data and corresponding mitigation strategy that in table, record is collected, and examine according to communication equipment 100Index is write in the combination of the physics measuring and function service condition. The letter of storing in look-up tableBreath can be for initializing the tunable circuit of transceiver 102 in the tuning application of open loop RFAssembly and tuning algorithm, each work aspect of this tuning algorithm control tunable circuit assembly.

Figure 12 shows the illustrative embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installing 1200Schematic diagram. Tunable antenna assembly 1200 can comprise and is coupled to the first resonance portion 1210With each public feed port one 202 in the second resonance portion 1220. Antenna sets piece installing 1200Each resonance portion 1210,1220 can be to each of for example public feed port one 202 placesDifferent operating bandwidth contributes. For example, the first resonance portion 1210 is to by the first bandwidth of operationThe first bandwidth of operation that interior favourable or expected performance limits contributes. This favourable performanceFor example can comprise: for example, the electricity lower than restriction level (2: 1) in the first bandwidth of operationPress standing-wave ratio or for example, return loss lower than specified level (3dB or 6dB). Similarly,The second resonance portion 1220 can be to by favourable or similar the second work limiting of expected performanceBandwidth contributes. In one embodiment, the first and second bandwidth of operation can be in fact notRelevant, make the change of the resonance performance to one of first and second resonance portion 1210,1220(as described below, may to introduce by tuning circuit 1214) do not affect in fact or with itHis mode changes the bandwidth of operation of another resonance portion 1210,1220.

In at least some embodiment, the first resonance portion 1210 comprises at least two sections: near-endSection 1212a and distal ports 1212b. Proximal segment and distal ports 1212a, 1212b can be physicallySeparated from one another, make not exist direct current (DC) road between two section 1212a, 1212bFootpath. Tuning circuit 1214 can the proximal segment of the first resonance portion 1210 and distal ports 1212a,Electric coupling between 1212b. Proximal segment 1212a can be at feed port 1202 and tuning circuitBetween 1214, extend. Distal ports 1212b is coupled in the one end towards tuning circuit 1214, andThe other end extends away from tuning circuit 1214.

Tuning circuit 1214 can be controlled proximal segment 1212a and distal ports 1212b at least partlyBetween electric coupling. For example, tuning circuit 1214 can two section 1212a, 1212b itBetween high in fact circuit impedance is provided, for example open circuit, make distal ports 1212b and proximal segment1212a disconnects in fact or electric insulation. In this configuration, the first resonance portion 1210 is humorousShake and can be limited by physics and the electrical characteristic of proximal segment 1212a in fact. By each section1212a, 1212b are considered as having formed linear conductor, cause occurring resonance on bandwidth of operation,On this resonance, the electrical length of proximal segment 1212a approaches quarter-wave. Certainly, according to widelyThe principle of the Antenna Design of accepting, actual resonance and corresponding bandwidth of operation will be corresponding to antenna structuresCharacter.

Alternatively, tuning circuit 1214 can provide real between 2 section 1212a, 1212bLow circuit impedance (for example, short circuit) in matter, makes distal ports 1212b and proximal segment 1212aElectric coupling in fact, and be the extension of proximal segment 1212a. As example, consider again lineProperty is arranged, can observe at bandwidth of operation place resonance, the near-end combining on this resonance and far awayThe electrical length of end section 1212a, 1212b approaches quarter-wave. Carried by tuning circuit 1214Can be provided in proximal segment and distal ports for the different resistance value between open circuit and short circuit valueSelectable coupling amount between 1212a, 1212b, or otherwise change antenna assembliesThe resonance performance of the first resonance portion 1210 of part 1200. This use tuning circuit 1214The ability of carrying out the resonance of tuning the first resonance portion 1210 allows to control bandwidth of operation. Thereby, canWith by regulate or otherwise control along first resonance portion arrange tuning circuit1214 carry out the bandwidth of operation of extended antenna assembly 1200. Can select in response to operating frequencySelect specific values for tuning (for example, open circuit, short circuit or certain other resistance value), make work frequentlyRate falls in the bandwidth of operation of appropriate tuning resonance portion 1210.

In any tuning circuit disclosed herein, spendable circuit topology comprises one or moreConventional topologies: series connection, along separate routes, pi, tee, electric bridge, grid, Y, delta, trapezoidal, oneOr multinomial combination etc. Tuning circuit can be balance or nonequilibrium, ground connection or unsteady. Tuning circuit can comprise one or more switches, for example single-pole single-throw(SPST (SPST) switch.In certain embodiments, can be by presenting abundant height between the proximal segment adjacent and distal portsThe circuit of series impedance be similar to the tuning circuit that is configured to open circuit. Sort circuit element canTo comprise the series capacitor with desired value, for example, with working frequency range (, the high frequency of paying close attention toSection and/or low-frequency range) on provide relatively high reactance impedance (for example, higher than 10k Ω, higher than100k Ω or higher than 1M Ω). Similarly, can by the proximal segment adjacent and distal ports itBetween present fully low series impedance circuit be similar to the tuning circuit that is configured to short circuit.Sort circuit element also can comprise the series capacitor with desired value, with in adjacent antenna sectionBetween provide relatively low reactance impedance (for example, lower than 100 Ω, lower than 10 Ω or lower than1 Ω). One or more variable reactive element (for example, variable condenser) can be incorporated to tuneIn detune circuit, to realize this expected result. Example embodiment can also comprise the various electricity of employingOther configurations of sub-component (comprising capacitor, resistor, inductor etc.).

In certain embodiments, the second resonance portion 1220 can comprise proximal segment similarlyThe distal ports 1222b of 1222a and physical separation, and second tune circuit 1224 is coupling in 2Between section 1222a, 1222b. (for example, can select the configuration of the second resonance portion 1220Its shape, size, structure), so that the corresponding work different from the first resonance portion 1210 to be providedBandwidth. Can control second tune circuit 1224 to change or otherwise to regulate the second workBandwidth, for example, expand the scope of the second bandwidth of operation. Second tune circuit 1224 be optional (withBe shown in dotted line), and can be omitted by entirety. For not comprising of second tune circuit 1224The embodiment of two resonance portion 1220, proximal segment and distal ports 1220a, 1220b can be adjacent,Or be otherwise arranged as single continuous segment, and without any separation. Be to be understood that: passableAdditional resonance part (not shown) is provided, and each additional resonance part is by public feed port one 202Drive, and provide different from any other resonance portion being driven by identical feed port 1202Each bandwidth of operation. This other resonance portion can be tunable or can not be adjustableHumorous.

In certain embodiments, one or more in tuning circuit 1214,1224 can be solidFixed or non-tunable. In other embodiments, in tuning circuit 1214,1224Or multiple can be for example tunable according to various tuning layouts disclosed herein. For thisTunable embodiment, can comprise that controller 1230 is as antenna sets piece installing 1200 as shown in the figureA part, or itself and antenna sets piece installing are provided discretely, but itself and antenna sets piece installingOne or more tuning circuits 1214,1224 of 1200 are in electronic communication. Control circuit1230 are configured to that each provides respectively in one or more tuning circuits 1214,1224Suitable control signal. Control signal regulates corresponding Circnit Layout to realize the work band of expectingWide. Require biasing (for example, one or more DC electricity at arbitrary tuning circuit 1214,1224Press) degree under, control circuit can be configured to biasing and control circuit 1230, also to carryFor this biasing. Alternatively or additionally, this biasing and controller 1230 can be carried separatelySupply.

As illustrated examples, controller 1230 can receive the instruction to bandwidth of operation. As figureShown in, controller 1230 can receive the instruction to one or more frequencies, for example, as led toCross the appointment frequency for honeycomb operation that home cell tower is assigned. Alternatively or additionally, canTo determine the frequency of assigning by the operating characteristic of selecting corresponding communication equipment, for example, selectChannel or be operated under AD HOC for example WiFi. Controller 1230 can be determined multiple worksMake which working frequency range in frequency range and should be frequency request service, for example, dual-band antenna assemblingThe low-frequency range of part or high band, as in illustrated examples. Once determine this manyThe appropriate frequency range of band antenna assembly, next controller can determine corresponding tuning circuit1214,1224 configuration, this configuration causes at the acceptability energy of assigning in frequency, for example logicalCross that VSWR measures, return loss or other parameters (for example, efficiency). For multifrequencyOther working frequency range of section equipment, can carry out repetition tuning process as required, or in response toTo the appointment of the different frequency in similar frequency bands.

In certain embodiments, one or more tuning circuits 1214,1224 can be operated in and " openRing " configuration under. This open loop operation can comprise look-up table, for example example as shown in Figure 7Look-up table. Can determine in advance look-up table by for example one or more analyses or experimental technique.For example, look-up table can be included in one or more frequencies or frequency range and corresponding tuning circuit controlAssociation between signal, causes providing acceptable antenna performance near of assigning frequency(for example, resonance). Thereby in response to receiving appointment frequency, controller 1230 consultings are looked intoLook for table, and from look-up table, identify corresponding tuning circuit configuration or corresponding tuning for realizingThe control signal of Circnit Layout. Then controller 1230 is to corresponding tuning circuit 1214,1224Provide the tuning circuit control signal that uses look-up table to obtain, to regulate antenna sets piece installing 1200The resonance of corresponding resonance portion 1210,1220. Alternatively or additionally, by look-up tableThis tuning additional regulation that can comprise for considering one or more physics and functional configuration,For example as about Fig. 7 and 8 described those.

Alternatively or additionally, one or more tuning circuits 1214,1224 can be operated in and " closeRing " configuration under. This close loop maneuver comprises the corresponding resonance portion 1210,1220 of supervision instructionThe feedback signal of performance. As shown in the figure, one or more resonance portion 1210,1220 are passableComprise each sensor 1216,1226, for example directional coupler, divider or other are suitableDetection technique. Each sensor 1216,1226 can be positioned at closing of antenna sets piece installing 1200Put right position. For example, sensor 1216,1226 can be along corresponding proximal segment or distal portsOne of 1212a, 1212b, 1222a, 1222b place, or place between adjacent segment, as figureShown in. Other suitable positions may comprise and more approach public feed port one 202, or even existFeed port 1202 outsides are also connected to feed port 1202. Each sensor 1216,1226Can be coupled to monitoring circuit 1240, as shown in the figure, or be directly coupled to controller 1230.

Regardless of being by monitoring circuit 1240 or directly arriving sensor 1216,1226, controlDevice receives the instruction to the bandwidth of operation performance near in one or more frequencies of assigning.Controller 1230 can regulate each that be associated with corresponding sensor 1216,1226 tuningCircuit 1214,1224, monitors performance, and before operation or operating period further regulate tuningCircuit 1214,1224 with improve performance or otherwise by property retention in tolerance.Be to be understood that: can apply well accepted feedback control technology to this closed loop circuit and technology.

In at least some embodiment, look-up table and this technology of closed loop can be used in combination.For example, look-up table can provide initial tuning control signal, given one or more appointment frequencies,And/or the physics of associated communication equipment and functional configuration. Example embodiment can also comprise divided ringUse with the tuning various combinations of closed loop, comprises nested that open loop is tuning and/or closed loop is tuning.

As shown in the figure, antenna sets piece installing 1200 can comprise coupling or public tuning network alternatively1250 (being shown in dotted line). Matching network 1250 can along antenna sets piece installing 1200 by twoOr the public part layout that in more resonance portion 1210,1220, all resonant structures assign to share,For example approach as shown in the figure antenna current feed port 1202. Thereby matching network 1250 can be sameThe performance of each resonance portion in two or more resonance portion 1210,1220 of Shi Biangeng. ThisMatching network 1250 can be controlled by identical control 1230, or can be by the control separatingDevice (not shown) is controlled.

Controller 1230 can carry out work according to various open loops disclosed herein or technology of closed loop. RightIn technology of closed loop, can provide the sensor 1252 relevant to matching network 1250. Sensor1252 can comprise one or more directional couplers, divider or other suitable detection skillsArt, for example disclosed herein those. Sensor 1252 can be to monitor 1240 or indirectlyProvide the instruction to matching performance to controller 1230, for example, as above about each resonance portion1210,1220 sensor 1216,1226 is described. Controller 1230 can be realized oneOr multiple tuning algorithms that work alone, with for example irrelevant with tuning circuit 1214,1224In situation, regulate matching network 1250. Alternatively or additionally, controller 1230 can be realizedFirst collaborative tuning algorithm, for example, regulate matching network 1250, then regulates one or more tuneIn detune circuit 1214,1224, each, and then may periodically repeat this adjusting, to realizeThe response of the change that further becomes more meticulous and/or workability the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge is met with in operation.

Figure 13 shows the antenna tuning process of working in the each several part of the equipment of Fig. 1～121300 illustrative embodiment. Process 1300 can start from 1310,1310, by for exampleController 1230 (Figure 12) receives or otherwise accesses the first operating frequency. Can ringShould determine tuner setting at 1320 places in the first operating frequency. In one embodiment, canDetermine tuner setting by controller 1230, with near the antenna in causing the first operating frequencyThe resonance of assembly. Can regulate tuning circuit (for example, the first tuning circuit at 1330 places1214 (Figure 12)) expect resonance performance to obtain. Preferably, do not destroying multiband aerialIn the situation of the resonance performance on other bandwidth of operation of assembly 1200, realize in response to connectThis adjusting of the first operating frequency of receiving to resonance performance. In one embodiment, controller1230 can provide control signal to corresponding tuning circuit 1214, to regulate associated resonance part1210 resonance performance. Tuning circuit 1214 can be in response to receiving from controller 1230Order reconfigures himself. Can change associated resonance portion to the adjusting of tuning circuit 1214Points 1210 circuit attribute, for example reactance, changes the corresponding resonance of the first resonance portion thus.Can be according to disclosed herein and otherwise for technology in automation equipment control fieldThe known various tunable technologies of personnel are realized this control with open loop and/or closed-loop fashion.

In certain embodiments, can as step 1340,1350 with the same repetition in 1360Process, shown in dotted line. Thereby, 1340, can be received by for example controller 1230The second operating frequency. Can determine that 1,350 second adjusts in response to the second operating frequency receivingThe correspondence setting of detune circuit 1224. In a similar fashion, can be determined by controller 1230Tuner arranges, to obtain the humorous of antenna sets piece installing 1200 near of the second operating frequencyShake. Can regulate tuning circuit (for example second tune circuit 1224 (Figure 12)) with 1360Obtain and expect resonance performance. Process that can repeating step 1340 to 1360, to realize phaseTuning with the additional resonance part of antenna assembly. Alternatively or additionally, can be according to rightThe reception of the first and/or second operating frequency of upgrading, (as required) carrys out one of repetition or manyIndividual step 1310～1330 and 1340～1360.

Figure 14 shows another antenna tuning mistake of working in the each several part of the equipment of Fig. 1～12The illustrative embodiment of journey 1400. Process 1400 can start from 1410,1410, receivesOr otherwise obtain at least one operating frequency. For example,, as the controller 1230 in Figure 12Can receive operating frequency. 1420, can regulate tune in response to the operating frequency receivingDetune circuit. For example, controller 1230 can be indicated as the tuning circuit 1214,1224 in Figure 12Regulate its configuration in response at least one operating frequency. 1430, can determine after adjustingTuning circuit whether caused corresponding resonance portion (for example, the first resonant structure as shown in figure 12Points 1210) tuning. In the time of definite not yet tuned resonance part, can get back to 1420 places and holdThe further adjusting of row to tuning circuit 1214. Can carry out as required repetitive process, until1430 have determined tuning resonance portion 1210.

In at least some embodiment, can come at least with sensor 1216 as shown in figure 12Part realizes relevant the determining of whether tuned antenna at 1430 places. Sensor 1216 can be carriedFor feedback, this feedback can be for obtaining and the whether abundant tuning phase of the first resonance portion 1210What close determines. Be to be understood that: at least some embodiment, can pass through for example antenna port1202 inject test signal to antenna sets piece installing 1200, so that any feedback disclosed herein to be providedSignal. Alternatively or additionally, the external signal for example being received by antenna sets piece installing 1200 canWith the means as producing this feedback. Can be for example by test source, opportunity signal or targetReceive near signal (for example, at least one operating frequency or) this outside letter is providedNumber.

Once as definite in 1430 places, the first resonance portion 1210 of antenna sets piece installing is filledPoint tuning, 1460, antenna sets piece installing 1200 can be for receiving and/or sending. ExtremelyIn fewer embodiment, antenna tuning process 1400 comprises for further regulating antenna match netThe regulation of network (for example, the matching network 1250 shown in Figure 12). For example,, in 1440 (voidLine illustrates), for the operation at least one operating frequency and at multiband aerial assemblyDifferent operating frequency range at least one other operating frequency on operation regulate match circuit1250. This public coupling can represent to consider the compromise of operation in multiband, makes thisCoupling is not to optimize for any one working frequency range, although in certain embodiments, and canRealize the Optimum Matching to one of multiple working frequency range at least temporarily.

In at least some embodiment, can with sensor 1252 as shown in figure 12 extremelySmall part realizes at 1440 places whether antenna is mated to relevant determining. Sensor 1252 canFeedback is provided, and this feedback can for obtaining, fully whether coupling be relevant to antenna sets piece installing 1200Determine. At 1450 places (also shown in broken lines), carry out and adjusted matching network 1250Whether cause fully relevant the determining of coupling. When not yet abundant of definite antenna sets piece installing 1200Timing, can carry out the further adjusting to match circuit 1250 at 1440 places. This process canTo repeat as required, until it determines that at 1450 places antenna sets piece installing fully mates. OnceAs determined at 1430 places, the resonance portion 1210 of antenna sets piece installing is fully tuning, and antennaAssembly 1200 fully mates, and at 1460 places, antenna sets piece installing 1200 can be for connecingReceive and/or send. In one or more embodiments, can will describe about process 1300Action is used together with the action of describing about process 1400.

Figure 15 shows the illustrative embodiment of two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installing 1500Plane, it is called as planar inverted " F " antenna (PIFA) 1500. Antenna sets piece installing 1500Can comprise public feed port one 502a, by this public feed port one 502a, can be by letterNumber source and/or signal receiver and antenna sets piece installing 1500 are interconnected. Feed port 1502a canComprise along the first contact position or point in a part for antenna 1500, as shown in the figure. ExtremelyIn fewer embodiment, for example, due to driven equilibrium antenna structure (, dipole antenna, not shown)2 half, antenna feed can comprise the second feed port 1502b, the second feed port1502b also comprises along corresponding contact position or point on another part of antenna. Alternatively orAdditionally, the second contact position of feed port 1502b can be connected to ground connection benchmark, comprisesRadio frequency (RF) ground connection. In illustrative embodiment, the second feed port 1502b comprises thisGrounding ports 1502b. Although be called as ground connection, do not require the second feed port 1502b is connectGround. To the reference of grounding ports can indicate simply can be grounded interconnection feed end extremelyMouth (sleeve pipe (shield) of the coaxial cable for example, being extremely connected with emitter and/or receiver).

Antenna sets piece installing 1500 can also comprise the first resonance portion 1510 and the second resonance portion1520. Each resonance portion 1510,1520 can with public feed port one 502a and earth terminalMouth 1502b telecommunication. In illustrated examples, the first resonance portion 1510 can away from feedbackThe public part of the antenna that electricity port one 502a is adjacent or section 1515 are extended. The second resonance portion1520 can extend away from public part 1515 along different nonoverlapping directions. Can be byThe first resonance portion 1510 is divided into 2 sections: at one end go up the near-end being coupled with public part 1515Section 1512a and with the distal ports 1512b of proximal segment 1512a physical separation. In illustrative realityExecute in example, between adjacent proximal segment and distal ports 1512a, 1512b, form clearance for insulation,In proximal segment and distal ports 1512a, 1512b, each extends away from gap in the opposite direction.

Tuning circuit 1514 can be between adjacent proximal segment and distal ports 1512a, 1512bCoupling, for example, by addition bridge joint of the gap forming therebetween. In at least some embodiment, tuningCircuit 1514 can be configurable, makes configuration change association humorous of tuning circuit 1514The corresponding resonance of the part of shaking 1510. The second resonance portion 1520 have from common reference start surveyThe length L of amount₂. The first resonance portion 1510 has the proximal segment of being confirmed as (L_1a) and far-endSection 1512b (L_1b) the length (L of length sum₁). In illustrative embodiment, first paragraphLength (, L_1a+L_1b) can be greater than the length L of the second resonance portion 1520₂, makeEach resonance portion 1510,1520 presents the corresponding resonance in the different piece of electromagnetic spectrum.

In illustrative embodiment, can reshuffling the first resonance by tuning circuit 1514The resonance of part 1510 is adjusted to a certain degree; Otherwise, can fix or substantially fix as skyThe resonance of determined second resonance portion 1520 of configuration of line assembly, for example the second resonant structurePoints 1520 length L₂. Preferably, can change the adjusting of tuning circuit 1,514 first humorousThe resonance (that is, tuning) of the part of shaking 1510, and substantially do not affect the second resonance portion 1520Resonance.

There is shown the example of resonance performance in the return loss shown in Figure 17 A. For three kindsThe tuning circuit 1514 of example arrangement illustrates be associated with the first resonance portion 1510 " lowFrequency range " resonance. In the first configuration, tuning circuit 1514 is open circuits. Under this configuration, far awayEnd section 1512b and proximal segment 1512a insulate by gap (open circuit) substantially. Originally joiningDeposit, the resonance performance of the first resonance portion 1510 corresponds essentially to the length of proximal segment 1512aDegree L_1a, this proximal segment 1512a keeps being coupled to public feed port one 502. Therefore, firstResonance portion 1510 is relatively short, presents the resonance on upper frequency, but still at low frequencyIn section. In example embodiment, the centre frequency f of open circuit resonance_cBe positioned at about 950MHz place.

In the second configuration, tuning circuit 1514 is short circuits. Under this configuration, distal ports 1512bIn fact the extension of proximal segment 1512a, and resonance corresponding to combination proximal segment 1512a andThe length L of distal ports 1512b₁＝L_1a+L_1b. Therefore, the first resonance portion 1510 is relatively long,Present the resonance of stability at lower frequencies, but still in low-frequency range. The center of short circuit resonance frequentlyRate f_cBe positioned at about 780MHz place. In the 3rd configuration, tuning circuit 1514 is in proximal segmentThe series capacitance of approximately 1 pico farad of series coupled between 1512a and distal ports 1512b. This electric capacityThe series reactance that tuning circuit 1514 configures has caused the resonance in open-loop configuration and short-circuit configurationBetween the centre frequency f in somewhere_c, at about 810MHz place.

As shown in the figure, each resonance can be identified by relatively low return loss, and its instruction existsResonant frequency f_cNear in the energy that reflects from antenna current feed port 1502 less. Echo damagesThe 6dB value representation approximately 0.5 of consumption or 50% reflectance factor. The bandwidth of operation of each resonance is passableDefine according to the value of return loss, for example 6dB bandwidth. This bandwidth is corresponding at center frequentlyRate f_cAny side on position between the frequency range of extending, return loss in this scopeTo be increased to 6dB. As observed from figure, in each 6dB bandwidth on tuningCan be for assembling by the extended antenna of reshuffling to tuning circuit 1514 disclosed hereinThe 6dB bandwidth of part 1500. Thereby, can extend 6 to about 950MHz from about 760MHzDB bandwidth, this is much larger than the 6dB bandwidth under any one independent tuning configuration.

Can control at least in a way the upper of this scope by the length of proximal segment 1512aBoundary; Otherwise, can be by the pattern length of proximal segment 1512a and distal ports 1512b at leastControl in a way the lower bound of this scope. Can determine as required the tuning electricity of minimal amountRoad configuration, to provide the bandwidth of the 6dB between upper and lower bound. Importantly identify secondThe existence of the second resonance on about 1750MHz that resonance portion 1520 causes. Particularly,The centre frequency fc and the 6dB bandwidth performance that importantly identify the second resonance keep substantiallyConstant or be not subject to the impact of reshuffling of the first resonance portion 1510.

In the figure of Figure 17 C, provide for the tuning antenna sets piece installing 1500 of low-frequency rangeThe explanation of efficiency performance. Show the various configurations at the first tuning circuit 1514 for low-frequency rangeUnder the measurement of antenna efficiency. As shown in the figure, can be according to particular job frequency, by changingThe configuration of the first tuning circuit 1524, expands required efficiency performance (for example,, higher than certainDesignated value, for example 33%). As the same with return loss, the reprovision of the first tuning circuit 1514Put the efficiency performance substantially not affecting on the high band being associated with the second resonance portion 1520.

Figure 16 shows has the two-band of the first and second resonance portion 1610,1620, solelyThe plane of another embodiment of vertical tunable antenna assembly 1600, each resonance portion couplingTo public feed port one 602a and common ground port one 602b. The first resonance portion 1610 is wrappedDraw together proximal segment 1612a with separate adjacent with distal ports 1612b. The first tuning circuit 1614 existsBetween proximal segment 1612a and distal ports 1612b, be coupled. Similarly, the second resonance portion 1620Comprise proximal segment 1622a with separate adjacent with distal ports 1622b. Second tune circuit 1624Between proximal segment 1622a and distal ports 1622b, be coupled.

The resonance performance of low band resonance part 1610 can be similar to about antenna sets piece installingThe 1500 low band resonance performances of describing. Next referring to Figure 17 B, for 4 kinds of different configurationsThe resonance performance that operates the second corresponding resonance portion with high band is described: open circuit, hasBe about the centre frequency f of 1925MHz_c; 0.2 pf capacitance value device of series connection, has and is about 1850The centre frequency f of MHz_c; Series connection 1 pf capacitance value device, have be about 1800MHz inFrequency of heart f_c; And short circuit, there is the centre frequency f that is about 1750MHz_c. Join for these four kindsPut the 6dB bandwidth that is about 255MHz and the three dB bandwidth that is about 414MHz are provided.Again, importantly identify that the first resonance portion 1610 causes at about 800MHzOn the existence of the second low band resonance. Particularly, importantly identify first resonanceCentre frequency f_c, and 6dB bandwidth performance remains unchanged substantially or be not otherwise subject toThe impact of reshuffling of the tuning circuit 1624 of two resonance portion 1620.

In the figure of Figure 17 D, provide saying for the tuning antenna sets piece installing efficiency of high bandBright. Show the antenna efficiency under the various configurations of second tune circuit 1624 for high bandMeasurement. As shown in the figure, can be according to particular job frequency, by changing second tune circuit1624 configuration, expands required efficiency performance (for example,, for example, higher than certain designated value,33%). As the same with return loss, second tune circuit 1624 reshuffle in fact not shadowRing the efficiency performance in the low-frequency range being associated with the first resonance portion 1610.

In certain embodiments, can form the assembling of multiband tunable antenna according to electric conductorThe tunable part of part. Electric conductor can be structurally self-supporting, as in wire antenna.Alternatively or additionally, can support at least partly electric conductor by non-conductive substrate. For example,Can use the metal blade spoke by the relative thin of rigidity, semi-rigid or flexible non-conductive substrate supportsPenetrate one or more current-carrying parts that element forms any one antenna sets piece installing disclosed herein.This metal blade element can comprise: electric conductor, for example copper, silver, gold, aluminium and otherConductor, comprises metal alloy. Substrate comprises flexible plastic substrate, includes, but is not limited to: poly-Ester, polyimides, polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), allow this plate to meet intended shape, or makeUse middle bending. Alternatively or additionally, substrate can comprise more rigid for example glass epoxide liningThe end, for example FR-4 level or other levels (for example, G-10, G-11, FR-5).

Can for example, by application conductive foil, conduction chemical deposition (vapour deposition or sputter), electricityPlating, serigraphy connect or for one or more conductive layers are installed to non-conductive substrateAny other appropriate method, conductive antenna elements is applied to one or more this non-conductiveOn substrate. The other technologies that are used to form flexible circuit comprise: in the non-conductive substrate (example of flexibilityAs, PETG (PET)) layer upper or between laminated thin (for example 0.1mmOr less) conductive strips.

In certain embodiments, for example, in those enforcements that conducting element are formed as to blade conductorIn example, it can be challenging that one or more tuned cells are installed. For example, can be softProperty circuit or another substrate (for example, the shell of communication equipment or other construction packages, for example honeybeeThe capping of cellular telephone) the upper one or more conductions that form arbitrary antenna sets piece installing disclosed hereinPart. The conductor forming on the load-carrying unit of inverter circuit traditionally in this flexibility or structure is arrivedAny demand of interconnected (for example, biasing and control circuit) of other components present withThe similar challenge of installation, interconnection and signal route.

Figure 18 A～18C shows including two-band separate tunable antenna sets piece installing 1700Plane and the cross-sectional view of a part of circuit assembly, it is suitable for convenient along metal bladeIn the resonance portion of antenna segment, comprise tuned cell. Again, multiband tunable antenna groupPiece installing 1700 comprises the first resonance portion 1710 and the second resonance portion 1720, each resonant structureDivide and public feed port one 702 telecommunications. The first resonance portion 1710 comprises and is coupled to feedThe proximal segment 1712a of port one 702a and grounding ports 1702b and by the first tuning electricityThe distal ports 1712b of proximal segment 1712a is coupled on road 1714. Similarly, the second resonance portion1720 comprise the proximal segment that is coupled to public feed port one 702a and grounding ports 1702b1722a and be coupled to the distal ports of proximal segment 1722a by second tune circuit 17241722b。

By in the first and second resonance portion 1710 and 1720 each proximal segment 1712a,1722a and any public current-carrying part and public feed port one 702a and grounding ports 1702bBe provided as the relative thin or the Leaf Conductance body structure that on the first non-conductive substrate 1762, support, haveContribute to the dielectric constant of for example, in expected frequence scope (, low-loss) work. Also byOne and distal ports 1712b, the 1722b of the second resonance portion 1710 and 1720 be provided as relative thinOr Leaf Conductance body structure, but support these structures on the second substrate 1764, have and contribute toFor example, in expected frequence scope (, the low-loss) dielectric constant of work. The first and second liningsThe end 1762 and 1764 can be smooth substantially, and carrys out cloth at least part of overlapping modePut, distal ports 1712b, 1722b are aimed at, as Figure 18 A with proximal segment 1712a, 1722aShown in. Can be at the overlapping ends of first and second sections of 1712a, 1722a, 1712b, 1722bBetween inherent the first and second substrates 1762,1764 of near zone, provide electrically contact 1760a,1760b, to provide electric continuity therebetween. The first and second tuning circuits 1714,1724 canUpper to be placed in one of substrate 1762,1764, for example, as shown in the figure on the second substrate 1764. ?Under this configuration, between between proximal segment and distal ports 1712a, 1722a, 1712b, 1722bGap is arranged on the second substrate 1764, electrically contact the second segment of 1760a, 1760b and extensionBetween 1712b, 1722b. As illustrated equally, interlock circuit (for example, controller and biasingModule 1730) can be positioned at the second lining together with the first and second tuning circuits 1714,1724At at the end 1764.

In certain embodiments, first substrate 1762 for example, corresponding to communication equipment (in Fig. 1Equipment 100) non-conductive capping. Like this, current-carrying part can be positioned at along 1762 of substratesOn the surface of the second substrate 1764. Thereby through hole 1763 will be not necessarily. The second liningThe end 1764, can represent a part for the printed circuit board (PCB) of communication equipment 100, and it is convenient to powerAccess, to the control of the first and second tuning circuits 1714,1724. Preferably, printing electricityRoad plate 1764 at least with other partly overlapping near zones of antenna sets piece installing in do not appointWhat electrical ground.

In the time looking back previous embodiment, it is evident that for those of ordinary skill in the art:Can be in the case of not departing from the scope of claims to described embodiment modify,Reduce or strengthen. For example, be included in various assemblies between different substrates 1762,1764Difference is arranged in other interior configurations and is combined in the scope of the present disclosure. For example, can also beOn the first substrate 1762, provide distal ports, it also comprises the second contact, makes the first and second tuneDetune circuit 1714,1724 can be retained on circuit board, and all in fact antenna segment are passable simultaneouslyReside on the first substrate 1762.

Can in the case of not departing from the scope of claims, apply other in fact to the disclosureExecute example.

Be to be understood that: the equipment of describing in example embodiment can be via various wireless and/or haveLine method communicates with one another. The method can be the link that is described to coupling, connection etc., and it canTo comprise by wireless path and/or to have the unidirectional and/or two-way communication of thread path, these pathsUtilize one or more in variety of protocol or method, wherein, coupling and/or to connect can be straight(for example, without intermediate treatment facility) connecing and/or indirectly (for example, intermediate treatment facility,For example router).

The illustrative summary that Figure 19 shows the machine with computer system 1900 forms representsFigure, wherein, in the time carrying out instruction set, this instruction set can make this machine carry out above-mentioned appointingOne or more methods of anticipating. One or more examples of machine can be for example as the communication of Fig. 1Equipment 100 is worked. For example, computer system 1900 can be at least partly as the control of Fig. 1Device 106 processed. Thereby, computer system 1900 can carry out at least partly control with the next item down orMultinomial function: tunable circuit 122,150 (Fig. 1), 102 (Fig. 2), 202 (Fig. 3With 5), biasing and control module 1230 and monitor module 1240 (Figure 12). At someIn embodiment, this machine can be connected to (for example, using network) other machines. In networkingIn deployment, in client-server user network environment, this machine can be used as server orClient user's machine carrys out work, or in equity (or distributed) network environment, this machineCan be used as peer machines and carry out work.

This machine can comprise server computer, client user's computer, personal computer(PC), dull and stereotyped PC, smart phone, laptop computer, desktop computer, control system,Network router, switch or bridge, maybe can carry out the action that appointment will be taked by this machineAny machine of instruction set (order or other modes). To understand: communication of the present disclosure is establishedThe standby any electronic equipment that voice, video or data communication are provided that comprises widely. In addition, to the greatest extentPipe shows single machine, and term " machine " also should be regarded as comprising the gathering of any machine,It carries out instruction set (or multiple collection) alone or in combination, to carry out herein of discussing or manyIndividual method.

Computer system 1900 can comprise processor (or controller) 1902 (for example, central authoritiesProcessing unit (CPU), GPU (GPU, or the two)), main storage 1904With static memory 1906, they communicate with one another via bus 1908. Computer system 1900Can also comprise video display unit 1910 (for example, liquid crystal display (LCD), dull and stereotyped aobviousShow device or solid state display). Computer system 1900 can comprise input equipment 1912 (examplesAs, keyboard), pointer control appliance 1914 (for example, mouse), disk drive unit 1916, letterNumber generation equipment 1918 (for example, loudspeaker or remote controller) and Network Interface Unit 1920.

Disk drive unit 1916 can comprise tangible computer-readable recording medium 1922, on itStore and embodied any one or more methods described herein or function (including said method)One or more instruction set (for example, software 1924). Instruction 1924 can also be at computerSystem 1900 is complete or reside at least partly main storage 1904, static state to it the term of executionIn memory 1906 and/or processor 1902. Main storage 1904 and processor 1902 are alsoCan form tangible computer-readable recording medium.

Can construct similarly specialized hardware and realize, include, but is not limited to: special IC,Programmable logic array and other hardware devices, to realize methods described herein. Can compriseThe device of various embodiment and system in interior various electronics and the department of computer science of comprising with being widely usedSystem. Some embodiment use at mould in the hardware module of two or more particular interconnect or equipmentThe relevant control and the data-signal that between piece, transmit and transmit by module have been realized function, orBe embodied as a part for special IC. Thereby, example system be applicable to software, firmware,Realize with hardware.

According to various embodiment of the present disclosure, method expection as herein described is being calculated for conductThe operation of the software program moving on machine processor. In addition, software is realized and can be comprised (but notBe limited to) distributed treatment or component/object distributed treatment, parallel processing, maybe can also constructVirtual machine processing, to realize methods described herein.

Although tangible computer-readable recording medium 1922 is depicted as to list in example embodimentOne medium, should be considered as term " tangible computer-readable recording medium " comprise one of storageOr the Single Medium of multiple instruction set or multiple medium (for example, centralization or distributed data base,And/or associated high-speed cache and server). Term " tangible computer-readable recording medium "Also should be regarded as comprising can to for machine execution and cause that machine carries out of the present disclosureAny non-instantaneous medium that the instruction set of what one or more method is stored or encoded.

Therefore term " tangible computer-readable recording medium " should be considered as comprising and (but not limitIn) solid-state memory, for example, memory cards or following other one or more encapsulation are housed:Read-only (non-volatile) memory, random access memory or other can write (volatile againProperty) memory, magneto-optic or light medium (for example dish or band) or can be for its of storage informationHis tangible medium. Therefore, the disclosure is considered as comprising following any one or more tangible calculatingMachine readable storage medium storing program for executing, as list herein and comprise equivalent that this area is identified and afterThe medium that continues, has wherein stored software herein and has realized.

Although this description has described with reference to specific criteria and agreement the assembly of realizing in embodimentAnd function, the disclosure is not limited to these standards and agreement. Internet and other packet switching networksEach standard (for example, TCP/IP, UDP/IP, HTML, HTTP) of transmission represents existingThe example of technology. This standard often can be had identical function in fact sooner or more effectiveThe equivalent of rate replaces. For example, for Equipment Inspection (RFID), short-range communication (for example,Bluetooth, WiFi, Zigbee) and long range communication (for example, WiMAX, GSM,CDMA, LTE) wireless standard expection used by computer system 1900.

The explanation of embodiment described herein is intended to provide the general understanding of the structure to various embodiment,And they are not intended to as all elements to the device that can utilize structure described herein and systemComplete description with feature. In the time looking back foregoing description, much other embodiment are for this areaTechnical staff will be apparent. Can utilize and derive other embodiment according to it,Making to carry out without departing from the scope of the disclosure structure and logic replaces and changes.Accompanying drawing is only also representational, and can not to scale (NTS) draw. Can be divided into its particular portionRow exaggeration, and can minimize other parts. Therefore, description and accompanying drawing should be considered asBright property and non-limiting.

Although this article has illustrated and described specific embodiment, should recognize: can be with realizingAny layout calculating of identical object replace shown in specific embodiment. The disclosure is to coverCover any of various embodiment and institute change or change. The combination of above-described embodiment and basisNot specifically described other embodiment of literary composition can be expected by the disclosure.

Specification digest has following understanding: it will be not used in the model of explaining or limiting claimEnclose or implication. In addition, in previous embodiment, can see in order to carry out open,Tissue object in single embodiment by various features in groups together. Should be by not of the present disclosureThe method is interpreted as having reflected following intention: embodiment required for protection requires than each rightThe more feature of feature of clearly stating in requirement. But, as claims reflection,Theme of the present invention is to be less than in whole features of single disclosed embodiment. Thereby, accordingly willClaims are incorporated in detailed description of the invention, and each claim itself as separatelyClaimed theme.

Claims (15)

1. a multiband aerial, comprising:

Feed port;

The first radiant section, is coupled to described feed port and defines the first resonant bandwidth;

The second radiant section, is coupled to described feed port and defines and described the first resonance bandWide the second different resonant bandwidth, described the second radiant section comprises:

Near-end radiant section, is coupled to described feed port;

Far-end radiant section, exhausted with described near-end radiant section and described feed port physicsEdge; And

The first adjusting detune circuit, comprise be coupling in described near-end radiant section and described inBetween far-end radiant section, there is the first tunable element of tunable electric resistance impedance,Wherein, the tune of described the first tunable element to described the first adjusting detune circuitDescribed the second resonant bandwidth of joint amendment, and do not change described the first resonant bandwidth.

2. multiband aerial according to claim 1, wherein, described first adjustable tuningCircuit comprises tuned phase shifters.

3. multiband aerial according to claim 1, wherein, described first tunable groupPart comprises following at least one: variable reactance diode, variometer or variable condenser.

4. multiband aerial according to claim 1, also comprises: the storage of storage instructionDevice and the controller that is coupled to described memory and described the first tunable element, wherein, described inController is carried out the operation including following in the time carrying out instruction: to described first tunable groupPart provides harmonic ringing.

5. multiband aerial according to claim 4, wherein, described controller is being carried outWhen instruction, carry out operation including following: according to expected frequency, use described multiband skyOne of the mode of operation of the communication equipment of line or its combination, according to one or more in look-up tableEntry is determined the harmonic ringing of expecting.

6. multiband aerial according to claim 4, wherein, described controller is being carried outWhen instruction, carry out the operation including following: anti-in response to what obtain from described multiband aerialFeedback, determine described harmonic ringing, wherein, described feedback indicate described the second resonant bandwidth aboutThe performance of expected frequency.

7. multiband aerial according to claim 1, wherein, described first adjustable tuningCircuit comprises following at least one: by least one semiconductor devices control to produce variable reactanceThe first constant reactance element, variable to produce by the first micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) device controlThe second constant reactance element of reactance, by the 2nd MEMS device control to produce variable reactanceThe first variable reactive element, by offset signal control with produce variable reactance second can power transformationAnti-element or its combination, wherein said offset signal changes described the second variable reactive elementDielectric constant.

8. multiband aerial according to claim 1, wherein, described the first radiant sectionComprise:

Near-end radiant section, is coupled to described feed port;

Far-end radiant section, with described near-end radiant section and described feed port physical insulation; And

The second adjusting detune circuit, comprises and is coupling in described near-end radiant section and described far-end radiationBetween section, there is the second tunable element of tunable electric resistance impedance, wherein, to described theDescribed the first resonant bandwidth is revised in the adjusting of described second tunable element of two adjusting detune circuits,And do not change described the second resonant bandwidth.

9. multiband aerial according to claim 1, also comprises: the 3rd adjustable tuning electricityRoad, is coupling in described feed port and described the first radiant section and described the second radiant sectionEach between.

10. a method, comprising:

Identified for comprising multiple radiant sections by the system including at least one processorAt the expected frequency of the work of interior multiband aerial, at least one in described multiple radiant sectionsA little radiant sections contribute to the corresponding resonant bandwidth of the difference that can realize at antenna port place;

Select one of described radiant section by described system, to adapt to described multiband aerial in instituteState the work on expected frequency; And

Regulate tuning circuit by described system, described tuning circuit comprises and is coupling in selected Department of RadiationPoint adjacent radiation section between, there is the tunable element of tunable electric resistance impedance, wherein,The resonance of selected radiant section is changed in the adjusting of the described tunable element to described tuning circuit,Make the radiant section that do not select in the described multiple radiant sections that do not change described multiband aerialThe situation of resonant bandwidth under, the resonant bandwidth of selected radiant section comprises described expected frequency.

11. methods according to claim 10, also comprise:

Determine tuning control signal by described system responses in described expected frequency; And

By described system to the described tuning circuit being coupling between the adjacent segment of selected radiant sectionApply described tuning control signal, wherein, the described tunable element to described tuning circuitGoverning response is in applied tuning control signal.

12. methods according to claim 11, wherein, identify described tuning control signalComprise: utilized between multiple expected frequencies and corresponding multiple tuning control signal by described systemPredetermined association, wherein, the each tuning control signal in described multiple tuning control signals existsWhile being applied to described tuning circuit, cause the tune of the described tunable element to described tuning circuitSave, change thus the resonance of selected radiant section, make the resonant bandwidth bag of selected radiant sectionDraw together described expected frequency.

13. methods according to claim 11, wherein, determine described tuning control signalComprise: the antenna performance being obtained on described expected frequency by described system is measured, and responseRegulate described tuning control signal in described antenna performance measurement.

14. methods according to claim 13, wherein, regulate described tuning circuit to comprise:Changed the phase shift of variable phase shifter by described system.

15. methods according to claim 13, wherein, regulate described tuning circuit to comprise:Change following at least one by described system: switch path by different reactance components, variableThe inductance value of the dielectric radio of capacitor, the resistance value of PIN diode or variometer.