CN112448725B - Antenna, electronic device and antenna control method - Google Patents

Antenna, electronic device and antenna control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112448725B
CN112448725B CN201910801081.8A CN201910801081A CN112448725B CN 112448725 B CN112448725 B CN 112448725B CN 201910801081 A CN201910801081 A CN 201910801081A CN 112448725 B CN112448725 B CN 112448725B
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China
Prior art keywords
antenna
branch
mode
head
frequency band
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CN201910801081.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112448725A (en
Inventor
储嘉慧
薛亮
周大为
沈来伟
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910801081.8A priority Critical patent/CN112448725B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/110161 priority patent/WO2021036895A1/en
Publication of CN112448725A publication Critical patent/CN112448725A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0067—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0277—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a printed circuit board assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72448—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for adapting the functionality of the device according to specific conditions

Abstract

The application provides an antenna, an electronic device and an antenna control method. The antenna includes: the main branch, the first branch, the feed point, the first grounding point and the first tuning circuit. The main branch is connected with the feed point and the first grounding point respectively, the first branch is connected with the first tuning circuit, and the main branch is coupled with the first branch through a gap. The length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in the first target frequency band of the antenna. Under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the first branch knot adjusts the resonance of the first branch knot and the main branch knot to work in a first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit, and the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment under the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. Under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, the main branch section works in the first target frequency band, the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section through the first tuning circuit to work outside the first target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is reduced.

Description

Antenna, electronic device and antenna control method
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to an antenna, an electronic device, and an antenna control method.
Background
With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, more and more electronic devices, such as mobile phones, earphones, tablet computers, wearable devices or data cards, appear in people's daily life. When the electronic device performs normal communication, electromagnetic radiation is generated, and the electromagnetic radiation with too high intensity may affect human health. Therefore, the SAR of the electronic device, such as the head specific absorption rate (heasar) and the body specific absorption rate (body SAR), is generally regulated in relatively strict regulations in various countries and regions.
When a user uses an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), the user usually holds the electronic device on his head and is in a head-hand mode. Alternatively, when the user is using an electronic device (e.g., a bluetooth headset), the electronic device may be plugged into the user's ear in a head mode. The head and the hand of the human body have high dielectric property and low conductance property, so that signals of the electronic equipment are attenuated, the radiation efficiency of the electronic equipment is reduced, and the over the air technology (OTA) performance of the electronic equipment in a head and hand mode or a head mode is affected.
In summary, meeting the regulatory requirements of SAR of electronic devices is mutually restricted with improving the emission performance of the electronic devices in the head-hand mode or the head mode. In order to solve the above problems, the structure of the antenna in the electronic device may be improved, and also the control process in the electronic device may be optimized. The implementation of these two implementations is described below.
In one prior art, as shown in fig. 1, a mobile phone includes: metal frame antenna and printed circuit board, this antenna includes: the main branch knot A, the first branch knot B and the second branch knot C are coupled by adopting gaps. The printed circuit board is provided with: a feed point, a tuning device, a first grounding point and a second grounding point. The main branch A is respectively connected with the feed point and the first grounding point, and the second branch C is connected with the tuning device and the second grounding point. The second branch knot C is a parasitic branch knot of the main branch knot A, the main branch knot A and the second branch knot C can generate resonance in the working frequency band of the antenna, the first branch knot B cannot generate resonance in the working frequency band of the antenna, but the first branch knot B can adjust the coupling degree of the frequency bands respectively resonated by the main branch knot A and the second branch knot C, so that the frequency bands respectively resonated by the main branch knot A and the second branch knot C can cover the working frequency band of the antenna, and the communication performance of the antenna is ensured.
In fig. 1, the feeding branch a and the parasitic branch C are symmetrically disposed, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are respectively located at the side of the mobile phone. Based on the two position settings, the OTA performance of the antenna in the low-frequency band head-hand mode or head mode is better, the BODYSAR in the high-frequency band is very low, but the OTA performance of the antenna in the high-frequency band head-hand mode or head mode is poorer.
In another prior art, a determination is made as to whether the handset is in use, see patent application No. 201380053493.9 entitled "method for estimating the position of a handset relative to the head". If not, the default parameters are adopted to set the mobile phone. If so, judging whether the mobile phone is close to the head or not according to the state of a receiver in the mobile phone. If not, the mobile phone is still set by adopting default parameters. If yes, measuring the inclination angle of the mobile phone, and judging whether the inclination angle is within a preset range. If not, the first set of optimized settings is executed on the mobile phone. If yes, executing the second set of optimized setting on the mobile phone.
Wherein, the first set of optimization settings is as follows: when the mobile phone is not close to the head of a human body, the receiver in the mobile phone is judged to be in a closed state, and at the moment, the radio frequency transmitting power of the antenna is preferentially ensured to be optimal through a software program, so that the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment is improved. The second set of optimization settings is: when the mobile phone is close to the head of a human body, the receiver in the mobile phone is judged to be in an open state, and at the moment, the radio frequency transmitting power of the antenna is automatically reduced through a software program, so that the HEADAR meets the requirements of regulations, the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment is reduced, and the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is not considered.
Therefore, how to ensure that the body of the electronic device is as small as possible, and to improve the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-to-hand mode or the head mode of the high frequency band is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna, electronic equipment and an antenna control method, so that the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment in a head-hand mode or a head mode of a high frequency band is improved, and the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is ensured to be as small as possible.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna applied to an electronic device, the antenna including: the main branch, the first branch, the feed point, the first grounding point and the first tuning circuit. The main branch section is respectively connected with the feed point and the first grounding point. The first branch is connected with the first tuning circuit. The main branch section is coupled with the first branch section by adopting a gap. The length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in the first target frequency band of the antenna. Under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section and the main branch section to work in a first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit. Under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the main branch works in a first target frequency band, and the first branch adjusts the resonance of the first branch through the first tuning circuit to work outside the first target frequency band.
With the antenna provided by the first aspect, the main branch is connected to the feed point and the first ground point, respectively, so that the resonance of the main branch can cover the first target frequency band of the antenna. The main branch and the first branch are coupled by a gap, the length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a first target frequency band, and the first branch is connected with the first tuning circuit, so that under the action of the first tuning circuit, the length of the first branch is changed or the connection state between the first branch and the grounding point is adjusted, the resonance of the first branch is changed, and thus the resonance of the first branch can cover or be far away from the first target frequency band of the antenna, and the mode of the antenna is switched to a balanced mode or an unbalanced mode. Therefore, under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the mode of the antenna is switched to the balanced mode through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch and the main branch can work in the first target frequency band, and the transmitting performance of the antenna under the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. Under the mode of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode or the head mode, the main branch still works in the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch can work outside the first target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the antenna is reduced.
The number of the antennas may be one or multiple, which is not limited in this application.
In one possible design, the antenna further includes: the second branch section, the second grounding point, the second tuning circuit and the third grounding point further ensure the OTA performance of the antenna during normal communication. Wherein the second branch is connected with the second grounding point and the second tuning circuit respectively. The second tuning circuit is connected to a third ground point. The main branch, the first branch and the second branch are coupled by gaps. Under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the second branch adjusts the resonance of the second branch to work outside the first target frequency band through the second tuning circuit, so that the transmitting performance of the antenna under the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. And under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, the second branch section adjusts the resonance of the second branch section and the main branch section to work in the first target frequency band through the second tuning circuit, so that the BODYSAR performance of the antenna is optimal.
In one possible design, the antenna further includes: a fourth ground point. The first tuning circuit is connected with the fourth grounding point, so that the adjustment of the frequency band of the first branch node is realized. In this way, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first branch and the fourth ground point can be connected through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch operates in the first target frequency band. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head-head mode, the first branch and the fourth grounding point can be disconnected through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch works outside the first target frequency band.
In one possible embodiment, when a gap is present in the first limb, the gap divides the first limb into a first radiation section and a second radiation section. The antenna further includes: and a third tuning circuit. The first radiating section or the second radiating section is connected with the first tuning circuit, the first radiating section and the second radiating section are respectively connected with the third tuning circuit, the connection state between the first radiating section and the second radiating section can be changed under the action of the third tuning circuit, and the connection state between the first radiating section or the second radiating section and the fourth grounding point can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiating section and the second radiating section can meet the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiating section and the second radiating section can meet the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first branch section is changed.
Therefore, in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected through the third tuning circuit, and the first branch adjusts the resonance of the first branch to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit. And under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, the third tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first branch section is used for adjusting the resonance of the first branch section to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit.
In one possible embodiment, when a gap is present in the first limb, the gap divides the first limb into a first radiation section and a second radiation section. The first radiating section and the second radiating section are respectively connected with the first tuning circuit, and the connection state between the first radiating section and the second radiating section can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiating section and the second radiating section can meet the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiating section and the second radiating section can meet the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first branch section is changed.
Therefore, in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected through the first tuning circuit, and the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section to work in a first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit. Under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the first tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first branch section is used for adjusting the resonance of the first branch section to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit.
In one possible design, the antenna further includes: a fourth tuning circuit and a fifth ground point. The first radiating section or the second radiating section is connected with the fourth tuning circuit. The fourth tuning circuit is further connected with a fifth grounding point, the connection state between the first radiation section and the second radiation section can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit, and the connection state between the first radiation section or the second radiation section and the fifth grounding point can be changed under the action of the fourth tuning circuit, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiation section and the second radiation section can meet the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiation section and the disconnected second radiation section can meet the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first branch section is changed.
Therefore, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected through the first tuning circuit, and the first branch adjusts the resonance of the first branch to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit. Under the mode of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the first tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first branch section is used for adjusting the resonance of the first branch section to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit.
In one possible design, the length of the first stub is greater than 1/4 the first wavelength and less than 5/8 the first wavelength, which may ensure OTA performance of the antenna in either head or head mode.
In a possible design, the length of the first branch is greater than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 40mm, so that the OTA performance of the antenna in a head-hand mode or a head mode of a high frequency band is further ensured.
In one possible design, the antenna further includes: a matching circuit. Wherein, the main branch is connected with the matching circuit through a feed point. The matching circuit is used for adjusting the resonance of the main branch so as to improve the communication performance of the antenna.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna applied to an electronic device, the antenna including: a first antenna element and a second antenna element. Wherein, first antenna element includes: the first main branch section, the first feed point and the first grounding point. The first main branch is connected with the first feed point and the first grounding point respectively. The first main branch section is coupled with the first branch section by adopting a gap. The length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in the target frequency band of the antenna. The second antenna unit includes: the second main branch section, the second feed point and the second grounding point. The second main branch is connected with the second feed point and the second grounding point respectively. The second main branch section is coupled with the second branch section by adopting a gap. The second branch has a length no greater than 1/4 the first wavelength. Under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the first branch and the first main branch work in a target frequency band by adjusting the resonance of the first branch. And under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, the second main branch works in the target frequency band, and the second branch works in the target frequency band by adjusting the resonance of the second branch.
With the antenna provided by the second aspect, the first main branch in the first antenna unit is respectively connected to the first feed point in the first antenna unit and the first ground point in the first antenna unit, so that the resonance of the first main branch can cover the target frequency band of the antenna. The length of the first branch in the first antenna unit is greater than 1/4 a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a target frequency band, so that the resonance of the first branch can cover the target frequency band, and the mode of the first antenna unit is switched to a balanced mode. The second main branch in the second antenna unit is respectively connected with the second feed point in the second antenna unit and the second grounding point in the second antenna unit, so that the resonance of the second main branch can cover the target frequency band of the antenna. The length of the second branch in the second antenna element is not greater than 1/4 the first wavelength so that the resonance of the second branch can be away from the target frequency band and the mode of the second antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode. Therefore, the electronic device is switched to the balance mode of the first antenna unit in modes other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, so that the first branch and the first main branch can work in a target frequency band, and the transmitting performance of the antenna in the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the second main branch still operates in the target frequency band and is switched to the unbalanced mode of the second antenna unit, so that the second branch operates in the target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the antenna is reduced.
In one possible design, the first antenna element further includes: a first matching circuit. The first main branch is connected with the first matching circuit through a first feed point. The first matching circuit is used for adjusting resonance of the first main branch section so as to improve communication performance of the first antenna unit.
In one possible design, the second antenna element further includes: a second matching circuit. And the second main branch is connected with the second matching circuit through a second feed point. The second matching circuit is used for adjusting resonance of the second main branch section so as to improve communication performance of the second antenna unit.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a printed circuit board and an antenna according to any one of the possible designs of the first aspect and the first aspect, and/or a printed circuit board and an antenna according to any one of the possible designs of the second aspect and the second aspect. The feed point, the tuning circuit and the matching circuit in the antenna are arranged on the printed circuit board, and the grounding point in the antenna is grounded with the printed circuit board.
The beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in the third aspect and each possible design of the third aspect may refer to the beneficial effects brought by each possible implementation manner of the first aspect and the first aspect, and/or each possible implementation manner of the second aspect and the second aspect, which are not described herein again.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an antenna control method applied to the antenna in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect and the first aspect. The method comprises the following steps: a mode of the electronic device is obtained. Under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, a first tuning circuit in the antenna is controlled to adjust the resonance of a first branch in the antenna, so that the first branch in the antenna and a main branch in the antenna work at a first target frequency band of the antenna. In modes of the electronic equipment except for a head-hand mode and a head mode, a main branch in the antenna is controlled to work in a first target frequency band of the antenna, and a first tuning circuit in the antenna is controlled to adjust resonance of the first branch in the antenna, so that the first branch in the antenna works outside the first target frequency band.
In one possible design, obtaining a mode of an electronic device includes: and acquiring the state of a receiver in the electronic equipment. When the earpiece is in an open state, determining the mode of the electronic device as a head-hand mode or a head mode. When the earpiece is in the off state, the mode of the electronic device is determined to be a mode other than the head-hand mode and the head mode.
The beneficial effects of the antenna control method provided in the fourth aspect and each possible design of the fourth aspect may refer to the beneficial effects brought by each possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides an antenna control method applied to the antenna in any one of the possible designs of the second aspect and the second aspect. The method comprises the following steps: a mode of the electronic device is obtained. And under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, controlling the first branch in the antenna to work in the target frequency band of the antenna by adjusting the resonance of the first branch in the antenna and the first main branch in the antenna. And under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, controlling the second main branch in the antenna to work in the target frequency band of the antenna, and controlling the second branch in the antenna to work outside the target frequency band by adjusting the resonance of the second branch in the antenna.
In one possible design, obtaining a mode of an electronic device includes: and acquiring the state of a receiver in the electronic equipment. When the earpiece is in an open state, determining the mode of the electronic device as a head-hand mode or a head mode. When the earpiece is in the off state, the mode of the electronic device is determined to be a mode other than the head-hand mode and the head mode.
The beneficial effects of the antenna control method provided in the fifth aspect and each possible design of the fifth aspect may refer to the beneficial effects brought by each possible implementation manner of the second aspect, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in a mobile phone;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the current distribution of the antenna in the λ/2 mode and the λ mode of the antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the dipole antenna in its fundamental mode;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the current distribution of the loop antenna in the lambda mode of the loop antenna;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the current distribution of the antenna in the λ/4 mode and the 3 λ/4 mode of the antenna;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna in the convection mode of the antenna;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the antenna and the PCB in the mobile phone;
fig. 8 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset in the XOY plane when the antenna of fig. 7 is in balanced mode, phi being 90 °;
fig. 9 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset in the balanced mode of the antenna of fig. 7 at theta 90 in the ZOX plane;
fig. 10 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset when phi is 90 ° in the XOY plane when the mode of the antenna in fig. 7 is unbalanced;
fig. 11 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset in the unbalanced mode of the antenna of fig. 7 at a theta of 90 in the ZOX plane;
FIG. 12 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna and the printed circuit board when the antenna is in a balanced mode;
FIG. 13 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna and the printed circuit board when the antenna is in an unbalanced mode;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram illustrating a reflection coefficient S11 of the main branch, the first branch, and the second branch when the mode of the antenna is the balanced mode in the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 21 is a waveform diagram illustrating reflection coefficients S11 of the main branch, the first branch, and the second branch when the antenna has an unbalanced mode in the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 33 is a flowchart illustrating an antenna control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an antenna control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 35 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application provides an antenna, electronic equipment and an antenna control method, wherein in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic equipment, the emission performance of the electronic equipment in the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved by changing the working state of the antenna to cover or keep away from a main resonance of the antenna; under the modes of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode and the head mode, the working state of the antenna is changed to be far away from the main resonance of the antenna, so that the lower BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is realized.
Among them, the electronic devices mentioned in this application may include but are not limited to: a mobile phone, an earphone, a tablet computer, a wearable device or a data card.
First, some terms used in the present invention will be explained below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that one antenna may communicate normally in one or more frequency bands. Aiming at the working frequency point of any frequency band, the mode of the working frequency point can be a balanced mode, an unbalanced mode or a combination of the balanced mode and the unbalanced mode.
The balanced mode of the antenna may include, but is not limited to: 1/2 wavelength mode of the antenna and its frequency doubling model, basic mode of dipole antenna (dipole antenna) and wavelength mode of loop antenna (loop antenna).
In the following, the antenna pattern illustrated in fig. 2-4 is an example of a balanced pattern.
Fig. 2 shows 1/2 wavelength patterns and a current profile of the antenna for one wavelength pattern of the antenna. In fig. 2, a thick black line represents an antenna, a thin black solid line represents current distribution of 1/2 wavelengths corresponding to frequencies, and a thin black dotted line represents current distribution of one wavelength corresponding to a frequency.
Fig. 3 shows the current distribution pattern of the antenna in the basic mode of the dipole antenna. In fig. 3, a thick black line represents branches of the antenna, a feed point is disposed at the position of an arrow, one branch is connected to the feed point, the other branch is connected to the ground point, and a thin black solid line represents current distribution of a frequency corresponding to one wavelength.
Fig. 4 shows a current distribution diagram of the antenna in the wavelength mode of the loop antenna. In fig. 4, a thick black line represents an antenna, a feed point is disposed at the position of an arrow, one end of the antenna is connected to the feed point, the other end of the antenna is connected to a ground point, a thin black line represents current distribution of a frequency corresponding to one wavelength, the current at the position of a triangle is minimum, and the current at the position of a circle is maximum.
The unbalanced mode of the antenna may include, but is not limited to: 1/4 wavelength mode of the antenna and its odd multiple frequency mode, convection mode, etc.
In the following, referring to fig. 5 to 6, the mode of the antenna is illustrated as an example of an unbalanced mode.
Fig. 5 shows current distribution patterns of the antenna in 1/4 wavelength mode and 3/4 wavelength mode of the antenna. In the left diagram of fig. 6, a thick black line represents an antenna, one end of the antenna is connected to a ground point, a thin black solid line represents current distribution of 1/4 wavelengths corresponding to frequencies, and a thin black dotted line represents current distribution of 3/4 wavelengths corresponding to frequencies. In the right diagram of fig. 6, the thick black line represents a branch of the antenna, a feed point is disposed at the position of the arrow, one end of the branch is connected to the first ground point, a position of the branch close to the first ground point is connected to the feed point, one end of the other branch far from the branch is connected to the second ground point, and the thin black line represents current distribution of 1/4 with a wavelength corresponding to the frequency.
Fig. 6 shows a current distribution diagram of the antenna in a convection mode of the antenna. In the left diagram of fig. 6, a thick black line represents an antenna, a grounding point is connected to the center of the antenna, and a thin black line represents current distribution at a frequency corresponding to the 1/4 wavelength. In the right diagram of fig. 6, a thick black line represents an antenna, a feed point is provided at the position of an arrow, the feed point is connected at the middle position of the antenna, and a thin black solid line represents current distribution of 1/4 wavelength-corresponding frequencies.
Generally, it is impossible to determine whether the antenna mode is a balanced mode or an unbalanced mode from the external structure of the antenna. In the following, taking a mobile phone as an example, the electronic device distinguishes between a balanced mode and an unbalanced mode of any one antenna in the mobile phone with reference to fig. 7 to 15.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the relative position between the antenna and the printed circuit board in the handset. As shown in fig. 7, the antenna is located on the upper side of the printed circuit board. In fig. 7, the origin is the geometric center of the pcb in the mobile phone, the X-axis is right along the width of the pcb, and the Y-axis is up along the length of the pcb.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the antenna is usually disposed on the side of the printed circuit board based on the antenna arrangement rules to ensure that sufficient clearance is left to ensure the radiating performance of the antenna. The relative position between the antenna and the printed circuit board can thus be illustrated by the antenna being located on the upper side of the printed circuit board in fig. 7.
Based on the structure shown in fig. 7, and with the directions perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis in fig. 7 and out of the paper of fig. 7 as the Z-axis, respectively, the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset is plotted when the antenna mode is the balanced mode, where theta is the angle of the ZOX plane, and phi is the angle of the XOY plane. The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when the antenna-based mode is the balanced mode, fig. 8 shows the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when phi is 90 °, and fig. 9 shows the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when theta is 90 °. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the mode of the handset is the balanced mode, the signal radiation of the handset mostly covers the antenna, and the strongest radiation direction of the handset is toward the antenna.
Similarly, based on the structure shown in fig. 7, the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the handset when the antenna mode is unbalanced is plotted with the directions perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis in fig. 7 and out of the paper of fig. 7 as the Z-axis, where theta is the angle of the ZOX plane and phi is the angle of the XOY plane. The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when the antenna-based mode is the unbalanced mode, fig. 10 shows the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when phi is 90 °, and fig. 11 shows the two-dimensional radiation pattern of the mobile phone when theta is 90 °. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, when the mode of the mobile phone is the unbalanced mode, the signal radiation of the mobile phone mostly covers the printed circuit board, and the strongest radiation direction of the mobile phone is toward the printed circuit board.
In addition, fig. 12 shows a circuit diagram of the mobile phone in the case where the antenna mode is the balanced mode, and fig. 13 shows a circuit diagram of the mobile phone in the case where the antenna mode is the unbalanced mode, with the same scale based on the configuration shown in fig. 7. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, when the mode of the mobile phone is the unbalanced mode, the current distribution area on the printed circuit board is wider and the current distribution area on the antenna is smaller than when the mode of the mobile phone is the balanced mode. Wherein the size of the arrows represents the intensity of the current. The larger the arrow, the larger the circuit; the smaller the arrow, the smaller the circuit.
In summary, when the antenna mode is the balanced mode, the signal radiation direction of the electronic device mainly covers the antenna, and the strongest radiation direction of the electronic device faces the antenna. Therefore, it is more advantageous to enhance the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode than to reduce the body of the electronic device. When the antenna mode is unbalanced mode, the signal radiation of the electronic device mainly covers the printed circuit board, and the strongest radiation direction of the electronic device faces the printed circuit board. Therefore, compared with the method for improving the emission performance of the electronic equipment in the head-hand mode or the head mode, the method for reducing the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment has the advantage.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, an electronic device typically includes an antenna or a plurality of antennas, each of which may operate in one frequency band or a plurality of frequency bands. The modes of all the antennas in the electronic device may be a balanced mode, an unbalanced mode, a partially balanced mode, a partially unbalanced mode, a combination of a balanced mode and an unbalanced mode, or a combination of a balanced mode and an unbalanced mode.
In the present application, the mode of the electronic device may be a head-hand mode, a head mode, or a mode other than the head-hand mode and the head mode. Wherein the head-hand mode may be set to a mode in which the user places the hand-held electronic device in a head position. The head mode may be set to a mode in which the electronic device is worn at a head position.
The parameter settings such as the distance, the angle and the model corresponding to the head-hand mode and the head mode meet the definition of the industry standard, which is not limited in the present application.
Optionally, the mode of the electronic device may be determined by using a state of a receiver (receiver) in the electronic device. Generally, the state of the handset may be either an open state (on) or an off state (off). The earphone can be arranged at any position of the electronic equipment, and is independent of the position of the antenna.
When the receiver is in an open state, it can be determined that a user needs to carry out a voice call, a video call or a scene of playing songs and the like, and therefore the mode of the electronic equipment can be determined to be a head-hand mode or a head mode. When the earphone is in the closed state, it can be determined that the user does not need to carry out a voice call, a video call or a scene of playing songs and the like, and therefore the mode of the electronic equipment can be determined to be a mode other than a head-hand mode or a head mode.
The state of the earpiece may be determined by software and/or hardware, which is not limited in this application. For example, a hardware device disposed within the electronic device may detect the state of the earpiece. As another example. The electronic equipment determines the state of the earphone through the interface parameters corresponding to the application program.
In addition, the present application may also determine the mode of the electronic device using a hardware device such as a gyroscope and/or a sensor, and is not limited to the foregoing embodiments.
In addition, the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment in the head-hand mode or the head mode and the size of the BODYSAR can be obtained in advance in different modes of the electronic equipment. Generally, the modes of the electronic device are different, the transmitting performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode is different, and the BODYSAR of the electronic device is also different.
Next, using table 1 and table 2, the B3(1710MHz-1880MHz) band and the B7 (2500MHz-2690MHz) band in LTE are shown, and the handset is in the voice call state when the handset is in the open state and in the non-voice call state when the handset is in the closed state, the handset has a boudysar of 5mm and the size of the efficiency degradation in the head-hand mode.
TABLE 1
Figure RE-GDA0002363140100000081
In table 1, when the handset is in the open state, the efficiency decrease in the handset mode corresponding to the frequency point 1710MHz is 7, and the efficiency decrease in the handset mode corresponding to the frequency point 1850MHz is 6.5. When the receiver is in a closed state, the efficiency amplitude of the receiver is reduced by 8 in a head-hand mode corresponding to a frequency point 1710MHz, and the efficiency amplitude of the receiver is reduced by 7.2 in a head-hand mode corresponding to a frequency point 1850 MHz.
It can be seen that, no matter at frequency point 1710MHz or at frequency point 1850MHz, the efficiency reduction amplitude of the electronic device in the headset mode when the earpiece is in the open state is smaller than the efficiency reduction amplitude of the electronic device in the headset mode when the earpiece is in the closed state, that is, the emission performance of the electronic device in the headset mode when the earpiece is in the open state is better than the emission performance of the electronic device in the headset mode when the earpiece is in the closed state.
In table 1, when the handset is in the open state, the BODYSAR 0.8 corresponds to the frequency point 1710MHz, and the BODYSAR 0.9 corresponds to the frequency point 1850 MHz. When the receiver is in the off state, the BODYSAR 0.7 corresponding to the frequency point 1710MHz and the BODYSAR 0.67 corresponding to the frequency point 1850 MHz.
It can be seen that, no matter at frequency point 1710MHz or 1850MHz, the BODYSAR of the electronic device when the handset is in the closed state is smaller than the BODYSAR of the electronic device when the handset is in the open state.
TABLE 2
Figure RE-GDA0002363140100000091
In table 2, when the handset is in the open state, the efficiency reduction amplitude in the head-hand mode corresponding to the frequency point 2500MHz is 6.6, and the efficiency reduction amplitude in the head-hand mode corresponding to the frequency point 2690MHz is 5.9. When the receiver is in a closed state, the efficiency amplitude of the receiver is reduced by 7 in the head-hand mode corresponding to the frequency point 2500MHz, and the efficiency amplitude of the receiver is reduced by 6.4 in the head-hand mode corresponding to the frequency point 2700 MHz.
It can be seen that, no matter the frequency point is 2500MHz or 2690MHz, the efficiency reduction amplitude of the electronic device in the head-hand mode when the handset is in the open state is smaller than the efficiency reduction amplitude of the electronic device in the head-hand mode when the handset is in the closed state, that is, the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode when the handset is in the open state is better than the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode when the handset is in the closed state.
In table 2, when the handset is in the open state, the BODYSAR 1.3 corresponds to the frequency point 2500MHz, and the BODYSAR 1.46 corresponds to the frequency point 2690 MHz. When the receiver is in the off state, the BODYSAR 0.94 corresponding to the frequency point 2500MHz and the BODYSAR 0.99 corresponding to the frequency point 2690 MHz.
It can be seen that, no matter the frequency point is 2500MHz or 2690MHz, the BODYSAR of the electronic device when the handset is in the open state is smaller than that of the electronic device when the handset is in the closed state.
In summary, when the handset is in the open state, the mode of the electronic device is the head-hand mode or the head mode. In the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, it is more advantageous to enhance the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode than to reduce the body of the electronic device. When the earpiece is in the off-state, the mode of the electronic device is a mode other than a head-hand mode or a head mode. In modes of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, it is more advantageous to lower the BODYSAR of the electronic device than to improve the emission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode.
Based on the foregoing description, the mode of the antenna may be switched according to the mode of the electronic device, so as to improve the transmission performance of the electronic device in the head-to-hand mode or the head mode or reduce the body system of the electronic device. Therefore, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the balance state of the antenna can be selected to optimize the transmission performance of the electronic equipment in the head-hand mode or the head mode. In modes of the electronic device except for a head-hand mode or a head mode, the unbalanced state of the antenna can be selected for optimizing the BODYSAR of the electronic device.
In the present application, the switching process between the balanced mode of the antenna and the unbalanced mode of the antenna can be realized not only by switching the balanced mode of one antenna to the unbalanced mode of the antenna, but also by switching the balanced mode of different antennas to the unbalanced mode of different antennas.
Therefore, the switching scene between the balanced mode of the antenna and the unbalanced mode of the antenna realized by one antenna can be set as the first scene, the switching scene between the balanced mode of the antenna and the unbalanced mode of the antenna realized by a plurality of antennas with the same structure can be set as the second scene, and the switching scene between the balanced mode of the antenna and the unbalanced mode of the antenna realized by a plurality of antennas with different structures can be set as the third scene.
For convenience of description, in the following, for example, the electronic device uses a mobile phone as an example, the receiver is located at the upper portion of the mobile phone and uses 7 hollow small circles as an example, and for scene one, scene two, and scene three, a switching process between a balanced mode of the antenna and an unbalanced mode of the antenna is implemented by the present application is described in combination with the embodiments of the present application and the drawings thereof.
Scene one:
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the antenna of the present application may include: an antenna.
In this application, the antenna may include: a main branch 1, a first branch 2, a feed point 11, a first ground point (indicated with a ground symbol in fig. 14), and a first tuning circuit 21.
The present application does not limit the manufacturing process of the main branch 1 and the first branch 2. For example, the main branch 1 and the first branch 2 may be made of a metal frame of a mobile phone, may be made of a flexible printed circuit Board (FPC), may be made of laser, or may be made of a spraying process. For convenience of explanation, the main branch 1 and the first branch 2 in fig. 14 are illustrated by using a metal frame of a mobile phone.
The specific types of the main branch 1 and the first branch 2, the position relation between the main branch 1 and the first branch 2, and the positions of the main branch 1 and the first branch 2 on the electronic equipment are not limited, and only the branches in the antenna need to be coupled by adopting a gap. In this application, main branch 1 and first branch 2 adopt the gap coupling. For convenience of illustration, a gap exists between the main branch 1 and the first branch 2 in fig. 14.
Typically, the feed point 11 and the first tuning circuit 21 are arranged on a printed circuit board of the electronic device, and the first grounding point may be arranged directly on the printed circuit board of the electronic device, connected to a grounding point and/or a grounding plate on the printed circuit, or may be arranged on a grounding device, connected to a ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected to a grounding point and/or a grounding plate on the printed circuit. The respective positions of the feed point 11, the first grounding point and the first tuning circuit 21 on the printed circuit, and the position relationship between the feed point 11, the first grounding point and the first tuning circuit 21 are not limited in the present application. For ease of illustration, the first ground point is shown in fig. 14 as being disposed on the printed circuit board of the handset.
According to the antenna type, the relative position between the antenna and the printed circuit board can be determined. The antenna may be provided on a printed circuit board, for example, when the type of antenna is a patch antenna. When the type of the antenna is a bracket antenna, the antenna can be built on a printed circuit board through the bracket. When the type of the antenna is a metal frame antenna, the antenna is positioned on the side of the printed circuit board.
The first tuning circuit 21 may include various implementations. Alternatively, the first tuning circuit 21 may comprise one or more branches, each branch having a tuning device disposed thereon. The tuning device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series and connected in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, a switch can be arranged in part or all of the branches of all the branches for switching on or off the corresponding branch. The switch and the tuning device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
In this application, the main branch 1 is connected to the feed point 11 and the first grounding point respectively, and is used for realizing the first target frequency band of the resonant coverage antenna of the main branch 1. For example, the resonance of the main branch 1 may be located in the first half of the first target frequency band, may also be located in the second half of the first target frequency band, and may also be located in the middle of the first target frequency band, which is not limited in this application. The specific range of the first target frequency band is not limited in the present application.
Because the antenna can normally communicate in one or more frequency bands, therefore, this application can select arbitrary one frequency band as first target frequency band from the frequency band when the antenna normally communicates to according to the wavelength that arbitrary one frequency point corresponds in the first target frequency band as first wavelength, set up the length of first minor matters 2, in order to be as the parasitic minor matters of main minor matters 1.
For example, when the first target frequency band is a B7 frequency band in LTE, a frequency point, e.g., 2500MHz, is selected from the B7 frequency band, and then the frequency point is substituted as an operating frequency f of an antenna into a formula c ═ f ×, λ, where c is the speed of light and c ═ 3 × 10^8 meters/hertz (m/Hz), and λ is calculated, that is, the first wavelength corresponding to 2500MHz is 12 millimeters (mm). The size of the first wavelength may be reduced if it is considered that the antenna accessory may have a medium such as plastic. Then, the length of the first branch 2 was set to 1/4 times the reduced first wavelength.
To form a balanced mode of the antenna, the length of the first stub 2 is set to be greater than 1/4 the first wavelength. The specific length of the first branch 2 is not limited in the present application. Optionally, the length of the first stub 2 is greater than 1/4 and less than 5/8 first wavelength, which may ensure OTA performance of the antenna in head-hand mode or head mode. In order to further ensure the OTA performance of the antenna in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the high frequency band, optionally, the length of the first branch 2 is greater than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 40 mm.
Based on the setting of the length of the first stub 2, the first stub 2 can change the length of the first stub 2 or adjust the connection state between the first stub 2 and the ground point by connecting the first tuning circuit 21 under the action of the first tuning circuit 21, so that the resonance of the first stub 2 changes, and the mode of the antenna is switched to a balanced mode or an unbalanced mode.
On the one hand, when the mode of the antenna is switched to the balanced mode, the length of the first stub 2 is greater than 1/4 the first wavelength, so that the resonance generated by the first stub 2 covers the first target frequency band. When the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode, the length of the first stub 2 is not greater than 1/4 the first wavelength, so that the resonance of the first stub 2 is far away from the first target frequency band.
On the other hand, when the mode of the antenna is switched to the balanced mode, the length of the first branch 2 is greater than 1/4 the first wavelength, and the first branch 2 is indirectly connected to the grounding point, so that the resonance generated by the first branch 2 covers the first target frequency band. When the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode, the length of the first branch 2 is greater than 1/4 the first wavelength, and the first branch 2 is disconnected from the grounding point, so that the resonance of the first branch 2 is far away from the first target frequency band.
The resonance of the first branch 2 may be located in the first half of the first target frequency band, may also be located in the second half of the first target frequency band, and may also be located in the middle of the first target frequency band, which is not limited in this application.
Thus, under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the mode of the antenna is switched to the balanced mode through the first tuning circuit 21, so that the resonance of the first branch 2 covers the first target frequency band, and thus, the first branch 2 and the main branch 1 can work together at the first target frequency band, thereby improving the transmitting performance of the antenna under the head-hand mode or the head mode. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the main branch 1 still operates in the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode through the first tuning circuit 21, so that the resonance of the first branch 2 is far away from the first target frequency band, and the first branch 2 operates outside the first target frequency band, thereby reducing the body of the antenna.
It should be noted that, the antenna may further include: a matching circuit 21. Typically, the matching circuit 21 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device. In this application, the main branch 1 is connected to the matching circuit 21 through the feed point 11, and the matching circuit 21 may be used to connect to a radio frequency module of an electronic device, so that the antenna may receive a signal sent by the radio frequency module or so that the antenna sends a signal to the radio frequency module. Therefore, under the action of the matching circuit 21, the working frequency band of the main branch 1 can be adjusted, so that the resonance of the antenna is closer to or covers the frequency band of the antenna during normal communication, and the OTA performance of the antenna is improved.
The present application does not limit the specific implementation of the matching circuit 21. Alternatively, the matching circuit 21 may comprise one or more branches, each branch having a matching device disposed thereon. The matching device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, switches can be further arranged in part of the branches of all the branches for conducting or disconnecting the corresponding branches. The switch and the matching device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
The antenna provided by the application is connected with the feed point and the first grounding point through the main branch knot respectively, so that the resonance of the main branch knot can cover the first target frequency band of the antenna. The main branch and the first branch are coupled by a gap, the length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a first target frequency band, and the first branch is connected with the first tuning circuit, so that under the action of the first tuning circuit, the length of the first branch is changed or the connection state between the first branch and the grounding point is adjusted, the resonance of the first branch is changed, and thus the resonance of the first branch can cover or be far away from the first target frequency band of the antenna, and the mode of the antenna is switched to a balanced mode or an unbalanced mode. Therefore, under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, the mode of the antenna is switched to the balanced mode through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch and the main branch can work in the first target frequency band, and the transmitting performance of the antenna under the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. Under the mode of the electronic equipment except the head-hand mode or the head mode, the main branch still works in the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode through the first tuning circuit, so that the first branch can work outside the first target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the antenna is reduced.
In order to further ensure the OTA performance of the antenna during normal communication, in the structure of the antenna shown in fig. 14, as shown in fig. 15, the antenna of the present application may further include: a second branch 3, a second ground point (indicated by a ground symbol in fig. 15), a second tuning circuit 31 and a third ground point (indicated by a ground symbol in fig. 15).
The manufacturing process of the second branch 3 in the present application can refer to the content of the main branch 1 and the first branch 2 in fig. 14, and details are not described herein. The position relation between the second branch knot 3 and the main branch knot 1, the position relation between the second branch knot 3 and the first branch knot 2 and the position of the second branch knot 3 on the electronic equipment are not limited, and the branch knots in the antenna are only required to be coupled by adopting gaps. In this application, adopt the gap coupling between main minor matters 1, first minor matters 2 and the 3 three of second minor matters. For convenience of illustration, the second branch 2 in fig. 15 is illustrated by a metal frame of the mobile phone. A gap exists between the main branch 1 and the first branch 2, and a gap exists between the first branch 2 and the second branch 3.
Wherein, this application can be according to first wavelength, sets up the length of second minor matters 3. Typically, the length of the second branch 3 is at or about 1/4 the first wavelength to act as a parasitic branch of the main branch 1. Typically, the second tuning circuit 31 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device. The second grounding point and the third grounding point can be directly arranged on the printed circuit board of the electronic equipment and connected with the grounding point and/or the grounding plate on the printed circuit, or can be arranged on the grounding device and connected with the ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected with the grounding point and/or the grounding plate on the printed circuit. For convenience of explanation, the second ground point and the third ground point are illustrated as being provided on a printed circuit board of the mobile phone in fig. 15.
The second tuning circuit 31 may include various implementations. Optionally, the second tuning circuit 31 may include one or more branches, each of which is provided with a switch and a tuning device, and the switch and the tuning device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of the switches are not limited in the present application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The tuning device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series and connected in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In this application, second branch 3 connects second ground point and second tuned circuit 31 respectively, and second tuned circuit 31 connects the third ground point, can adjust the frequency channel of second branch 3 work under second tuned circuit 31's effect for the resonance of second branch 3 can be close to more or cover the frequency channel when the antenna normally communicates, thereby improves the OTA performance of antenna.
Thus, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first tuning circuit 21 can change the working frequency band of the first branch 2, so that the first branch 2 and the main branch 1 can work together in the first target frequency band, and the second tuning circuit 31 can change the working frequency band of the second branch 3, so that the second branch 3 works outside the first target frequency band, thereby improving the transmitting performance of the antenna in the head-hand mode or the head mode.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the first tuning circuit 21 can change the working frequency band of the first branch 2, so that the first branch 2 works outside the first target frequency band, and the second tuning circuit 31 can change the working frequency band of the second branch 3, so that the second branch 3 and the main branch 1 can work together in the first target frequency band, and the BODYSAR performance of the antenna is optimal.
In this application, the first branch 2 may not include a gap, that is, the first branch 2 is a complete branch, and may also include a gap, such as one or more gaps, which is not limited in this application.
For convenience of explanation, a specific implementation form of the first branch 2 will be described below by taking an example in which there is no gap in the first branch 2 and the first branch 2 includes one gap, respectively.
Example one
On the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 14, fig. 16 shows a structural schematic diagram of an antenna in the B3 frequency band in LTE, and fig. 17 shows a structural schematic diagram of an antenna in the B7 frequency band in LTE. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, when the first stub 2 does not include a gap, the first tuning circuit 21 is connected to a fourth ground point (indicated by a ground symbol in fig. 16 and 17), so as to adjust the frequency band in which the first stub 2 operates.
In this way, in the first-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first stub 2 and the fourth ground point can be connected through the first tuning circuit 21, so that the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the first stub 2 may be disconnected from the fourth ground point by the first tuning circuit 21, so that the first stub 2 operates outside the first target frequency band.
When the center frequency point of the first target frequency band is large, the first tuning circuit 21 does not include a large capacitor or a small inductor, so that the first stub 2 is prevented from being directly connected to the fourth grounding point. The large capacitor and the small inductor can be set according to actual conditions, and specific numerical values of the capacitor and the inductor are not limited in the application. For example, if the first tuning circuit 21 makes the first stub 2 operate in the B7 frequency band through a capacitance of 1pF, the first tuning circuit 21 may be adjusted to the higher non-operating frequency band than B7 through a capacitance of 0.2pF, or the first tuning circuit 21 may be adjusted to the lower non-operating frequency band than B7 through an inductance of 1 nH.
The first tuning circuit 21 may be connected to any position on the first branch 2, which is not limited in this application. For example, the connection point of the first tuning point and the first branch 2 may be located on the 1/2 radiation segment of the first branch 2 close to the main branch 1, or may be located on the 1/2 radiation segment of the first branch 2 far from the main branch 1.
In addition, in addition to the antenna structures shown in fig. 16 and 17, the antenna of the present application may further include: such as a second grounding point, a second tuning circuit 31 and a third grounding point as shown in figure 15. For convenience of explanation, fig. 18 and fig. 19 are used to illustrate the structure of the antenna of the present application in conjunction with fig. 15-fig. 17, where fig. 18 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna in the B3 frequency band in LTE, and fig. 19 shows a structural schematic diagram of the antenna in the B7 frequency band in LTE.
Based on the structure of the antenna shown in fig. 18 and 19, assuming that the antenna operates in the first target frequency band, the main branch 1 generates a resonance a, the first branch 2 generates a resonance B, and the second branch 3 generates a resonance C.
In the first-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, as shown in fig. 20, the resonance B of the first stub 2 and the resonance a of the main stub 1 work together at the first target frequency band of the antenna through the first tuning circuit 21, and the resonance C of the second stub 3 works outside the first target frequency band of the antenna through the second tuning circuit 31.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, as shown in fig. 21, the resonance B of the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band of the antenna through the first tuning circuit 21, and the resonance C of the second stub 3 operates in the first target frequency band of the antenna together with the resonance a of the main stub 1 through the second tuning circuit 31.
In fig. 20 and 21, the abscissa represents frequency, the ordinate represents reflection coefficient S11, and reflection coefficient S11 represents one of S parameters (i.e., scattering parameters) and represents return loss characteristics, and the dB value of loss and impedance characteristics are generally observed by a network analyzer. The parameter indicates that the matching degree of the antenna and the front-end circuit is not good, and the larger the value of the reflection coefficient S11 is, the larger the energy reflected by the antenna is, so that the matching of the antenna is worse. For example, the S11 value of antenna a at a certain frequency point is-1, the S11 value of antenna B at the same frequency point is-3, and antenna B has better matching degree than antenna a.
In a specific embodiment, the electronic device is a mobile phone, the first target frequency band of the antenna is a B3 frequency band in LTE, the length of the first branch 2 is 1/2 first wavelength, and the length of the second branch 3 is 1/4 first wavelength. With continuing reference to fig. 20 and 21, based on the structures shown in fig. 18 and 19, the specific process of the handset performing normal communication when the handset is in the voice call state and in the non-voice call state includes:
step 1, utilizing the matching circuit 21 to adjust the resonance A of the main branch knot 1 to the first half part of the frequency band B3.
And 2, judging the mode of the electronic equipment according to the state of a receiver in the mobile phone.
And step 21, when the receiver is in an open state, judging that the mobile phone is in a voice call state, and accordingly determining that the mode of the electronic equipment is a head-hand mode or a head mode. At this time, the resonance B of the first branch is tuned to the second half of the B3 band by the first tuning circuit 21, and the resonance C of the second branch 3 is tuned out of the B3 band by the second tuning circuit 31. Thus, as shown in fig. 20, the resonance a of the main stub 1 and the resonance B of the first stub 2 cover the first target frequency band.
And step 22, when the receiver is in the off state, judging that the mobile phone is in a non-voice call state, and accordingly determining that the mode of the electronic equipment is a mode other than a head-hand mode or a head mode. At this time, the resonance B of the first branch 2 is tuned out of the B3 band by the first tuning circuit 21, and the resonance C of the second branch 3 is tuned to the second half of the B3 band by the second tuning circuit 31. Thus, as shown in fig. 21, the resonance a of the main stub 1 and the resonance C of the second stub 3 cover the first target frequency band.
Example two
Unlike the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the first branch 2 includes a slit. For convenience of explanation, the first branch 2 will be described in detail with reference to an implementation structure of the antenna of the present application, taking one slot as an example.
Based on the embodiment shown in fig. 14, fig. 22, fig. 24, and fig. 26 respectively show structural schematic diagrams of the antenna in the B3 frequency band in LTE, and fig. 23, fig. 25, and fig. 27 respectively show structural schematic diagrams of the antenna in the B7 frequency band in LTE. As shown in fig. 22-27, when the first branch 2 has a gap, the gap can divide the first branch 2 into two radiation segments, i.e., a first radiation segment 2A and a second radiation segment 2B. The specific lengths of the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B are not limited in the present application.
Based on the antenna structures shown in fig. 22-27, in order to adjust the resonance of the first stub 2 so that the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band or outside the first target frequency band, the connection mode of the first tuning circuit 21 in this application may include various modes.
In the following, a specific connection of the first tuning circuit 21 will be described with a possible implementation.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 22 and 23, the antenna may further include: a third tuning circuit 22.
Typically, the third tuning circuit 22 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device. The specific location of the third tuning circuit 22 is not limited in this application. The relative positions of the third tuning circuit 22 and other components are not limited in this application.
The third tuning circuit 22 may include various implementations. Alternatively, the third tuning circuit 22 may comprise one or more branches, each branch having a tuning device disposed thereon. The tuning device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series and connected in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, a switch can be arranged in part or all of the branches of all the branches for switching on or off the corresponding branch. The switch and the tuning device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
In the present application, with reference to fig. 16 and 17, the first tuning circuit 21 is connected to a fourth grounding point, the first tuning circuit 21 is further connected to the first radiating section 2A or the second radiating section 2B (fig. 22 and 23 illustrate that the first tuning circuit 21 is connected to the second radiating section 2B), the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B are respectively connected to the third tuning circuit 22, the connection state between the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can be changed under the action of the third tuning circuit 22, and the connection state between the first radiating section 2A or the second radiating section 2B and the fourth grounding point can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit 21, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can satisfy the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can satisfy the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first limb 2 changes.
Thus, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B may be connected through the third tuning circuit 22, so that the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2A are connected, so that the length of the first stub 2 is greater than 1/4 wavelength, the resonance of the connected first radiating section 2A and second radiating section 2B is adjusted, and the first tuning circuit 21 is connected to connect the first radiating section 2A and a fourth grounding point or connect the second radiating section 2B and a fourth grounding point, so that the resonance of the first radiating section 2A or the second radiating section 2B is adjusted, so that the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the third tuning circuit 22 disconnects the first radiating section 2A from the second radiating section 2B, so that the length of the first branch section 2 is not greater than 1/4, the resonance of the disconnected first radiating section 2A and second radiating section 2B is adjusted, the first tuning circuit 21 disconnects the first radiating section 2A from the fourth grounding point or disconnects the second radiating section 2B from the fourth grounding point, and the resonance of the first radiating section 2A or second radiating section 2B is adjusted, so that the first branch section 2 operates outside the first target frequency band.
In another possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 24 and fig. 25, the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B are respectively connected to the first tuning circuit 21, and the connection state between the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit 21, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiation section 2A and the connected second radiation section 2B can satisfy the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiation section 2A and the disconnected second radiation section 2B can satisfy the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first branch section 2 changes.
In this way, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B may be connected by the first tuning circuit 21, so that the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2A are connected together, so that the length of the first stub 2 is greater than 1/4, the first wavelength is greater than 1/4, and the resonance of the connected first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B is adjusted, so that the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band. In a mode of the electronic device other than the first-hand mode or the head mode, the first tuning circuit 21 may disconnect the first radiation section 2A from the second radiation section 2B, so that the length of the first stub 2 is not greater than 1/4, and adjust the resonance of the disconnected first radiation section 2A and second radiation section 2B, so that the first stub 2 operates outside the first target frequency band.
In another possible implementation manner, on the basis of the structures shown in fig. 24 and 25, as shown in fig. 26 and 27, the antenna may further include: a fourth tuning circuit 23 and a fifth grounding point (indicated by a grounding symbol in fig. 26 and 27).
Typically, the fourth tuning circuit 23 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device. The fifth grounding point may be directly disposed on the printed circuit board of the electronic device and connected to the grounding point and/or the grounding plate on the printed circuit board, or may be disposed on the grounding device and connected to the ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected to the grounding point and/or the grounding plate on the printed circuit board. The respective positions of the fourth tuning circuit 23 and the fifth grounding point on the printed circuit, and the positional relationship between the fourth tuning circuit 23, the fifth grounding point, and other components are not limited in the present application. For convenience of explanation, the fifth ground point in fig. 26 and 27 is illustrated as being provided on a printed circuit board of the cellular phone.
The fourth tuning circuit 23 may include various implementations. Alternatively, the fourth tuning circuit 23 may comprise one or more branches, each branch having a tuning device disposed thereon. The tuning device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series and connected in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, a switch can be arranged in part or all of the branches of all the branches for switching on or off the corresponding branch. The switch and the tuning device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
In the present application, with reference to fig. 24 and 25, the first tuning circuit 21 is connected to the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B, respectively, the first radiating section 2A or the second radiating section 2B is further connected to the fourth tuning circuit 23 (illustrated in fig. 26 and 27 by using the fourth tuning circuit 23 connected to the second radiating section 2B), the fourth tuning circuit 23 is further connected to a fifth grounding point, the connection state between the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can be changed under the action of the first tuning circuit 21, and the connection state between the first radiating section 2A or the second radiating section 2B and the fifth grounding point can be changed under the action of the fourth tuning circuit 23, so that the resonance generated by the connected first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can satisfy the balanced mode of the antenna, and the resonance generated by the disconnected first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B can satisfy the unbalanced mode of the antenna, so that the resonance of the first limb 2 changes.
Thus, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the first tuning circuit 21 may connect the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B, so that the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2A are connected together, so that the length of the first stub 2 is greater than 1/4 wavelengths, the resonance of the connected first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B is adjusted, the fourth tuning circuit 23 connects the first radiation section 2A and the fifth grounding point or the second radiation section 2B and the fifth grounding point, the resonance of the first radiation section 2A or the second radiation section 2B is adjusted, and the first stub 2 operates in the first target frequency band.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the first tuning circuit 21 disconnects the first radiating section 2A from the second radiating section 2B, so that the length of the first branch section 2 is not greater than 1/4, the resonance of the disconnected first radiating section 2A and second radiating section 2B is adjusted, the fourth tuning circuit 23 disconnects the first radiating section 2A from the fourth grounding point or the second radiating section 2B from the fifth grounding point, and the resonance of the first radiating section 2A or second radiating section 2B is adjusted, so that the first branch section 2 operates outside the first target frequency band.
Optionally, because the antenna can work in multiple frequency bands, the frequency point of the antenna is inversely proportional to the length of the antenna, and the length of the first radiation section 2A is smaller than the length of the first branch section 2, therefore, in the present application, any frequency band can be selected from the frequency bands which are larger than the maximum value of the first target frequency band and different from the first target frequency band as the second target frequency band, and the length of the first radiation section 2A is set according to the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in the second target frequency band as the second wavelength, so that the antenna can work in the second target frequency band. Thus, the length of the first radiation section 2A is set to 1/4 the second wavelength, so as to form a condition that the antenna can simultaneously operate in different frequency bands.
The specific range of the second target frequency band is not limited in the present application.
In this way, in a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the third tuning circuit 22 in fig. 22-23 or the first tuning circuit 21 in fig. 24-27 may disconnect the connection between the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B, so that the first branch 2 operates in the second target frequency band, and at the same time, the main branch 1 or the main branch 1 and the second branch 3 operate in the first target frequency band, so that the antenna may operate in the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band at the same time, so as to meet various different communication requirements and implement corresponding communication functions.
It should be noted that, based on the foregoing, in addition to setting the length of the first radiation section 2A, the length of the second radiation section 2B may also be set in the present application, and the length of the first radiation section 2A and the length of the second radiation section 2B may also be set at the same time, and specific setting contents may refer to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
In addition, in addition to the antenna structures shown in fig. 24 and 25, the antenna may further include: such as a second grounding point, a second tuning circuit 31 and a third grounding point as shown in figure 15. For convenience of explanation, fig. 28 and 29 are used to illustrate the structure of the antenna of the present application in conjunction with fig. 15, 22 and 23, where fig. 28 shows a schematic structural diagram of the antenna in the B3 frequency band in LTE, and fig. 29 shows a schematic structural diagram of the antenna in the B7 frequency band in LTE.
Based on the structure of the antenna shown in fig. 28 and 29, assuming that the antenna operates in the first target frequency band, the main branch 1 generates a resonance a, the first branch 2 generates a resonance B, and the second branch 3 generates a resonance C.
In the first-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, as shown in fig. 20, the first radiation section 2A and the second radiation section 2B are connected by the first tuning circuit 21, the resonance B of the first branch 2 and the resonance a of the main branch 1 work together in the first target frequency band of the antenna, and the resonance C of the second branch 3 works outside the first target frequency band of the antenna by the second tuning circuit 31.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, as shown in fig. 21, the first tuning circuit 21 disconnects the first radiation section 2A from the second radiation section 2B, the resonance B of the first stub 2 operates outside the first target frequency band of the antenna, and the resonance C of the second stub 3 operates together with the resonance a of the main stub 1 in the first target frequency band of the antenna through the second tuning circuit 31.
In a specific embodiment, the electronic device is a mobile phone, the first target frequency band of the antenna is a B3 frequency band in LTE, the second target frequency band of the antenna is a B7 frequency band in LTE, the length of the first branch 2 is 1/2 first wavelength, the length of the first radiation section 2A is 1/4 second wavelength, and the length of the second branch 3 is 1/4 first wavelength. With continuing reference to fig. 20 and 21, based on the structures shown in fig. 28 and 29, the specific procedure of performing normal communication when the mobile phone is in the voice call state in the head-hand mode and in the non-voice call state in the modes other than the head-hand mode and the head-hand mode includes:
step 1, utilizing the matching circuit 21 to adjust the resonance A of the main branch knot 1 to the first half part of the frequency band B3.
And 2, judging the mode of the electronic equipment according to the state of a receiver in the mobile phone.
And step 21, when the receiver is in an open state, judging that the mobile phone is in a voice call state, and accordingly determining that the mode of the electronic equipment is a head-hand mode or a head mode. At this time, the first radiating section 2A and the second radiating section 2B are connected by the first tuning circuit 21, the resonance B of the first stub 2 is adjusted to the latter half of the B3 band, and the resonance C of the second stub 3 is tuned out of the B3 band by the second tuning circuit 31. Thus, as shown in fig. 20, the resonance a of the main stub 1 and the resonance B of the first stub 2 cover the first target frequency band.
And step 22, when the receiver is in the closed state, judging that the mobile phone is in a non-voice call state, and determining that the mode of the electronic equipment is a mode except for a head-hand mode or a head mode. At this time, the first tuning circuit 21 disconnects the first radiation section 2A from the second radiation section 2B, the resonance B of the first branch 2 is tuned out of the B3 band and to the B7 band, and the second tuning circuit 31 tunes the resonance C of the second branch 3 to the second half of the B3 band. Thus, as shown in fig. 21, the resonance a of the main branch 1 and the resonance C of the second branch 3 cover the first target frequency band, and the resonance C of the first branch 2 covers the second target frequency band.
Scene two:
compared with the case where the antenna in the first scene includes one antenna, the antenna in the second scene uses one antenna in the first scene as one antenna unit, so that the number of the antenna units included in the antenna in the second scene is multiple, and the structure of each antenna unit is the same as that of the antenna in the first scene.
Scene three:
compared with the case that the antenna in the case of the second scene comprises a plurality of antenna units with the same structure, the antenna in the case of the third scene comprises a plurality of antenna units with different structures. For convenience of description, the first antenna element a and the second antenna element b are taken as examples of a plurality of antennas with different structures, and the implementation structure of the antenna of the present application is described in detail.
Fig. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 30, the antenna of the present application may include: a first antenna element a and a second antenna element b.
In this application, the first antenna element a may include: a first main branch a1, a first branch a2, a first feed point a3 and a first ground point (indicated by a ground symbol in fig. 30).
The manufacturing work of the branch in the first antenna unit a is not limited in the application. The specific types of the first main branch a1 and the first branch a2, the position relation between the first main branch a1 and the first branch a2, and the positions of the first main branch a1 and the first branch a2 on the electronic device are not limited, and only the branch in the first antenna unit a needs to be coupled by a gap. In the present application, the first main branch a1 and the first branch a2 are coupled by a slot. For convenience of illustration, in fig. 30, a gap exists between the first main branch a1 and the first branch a 2.
Typically, the first feed point a3 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device, and the first ground point may be provided directly on the printed circuit board of the electronic device, connected to a ground point on the printed circuit and/or the ground plane, or a ground device may be provided, connected to a ground on the ground device, and the ground device connected to a ground point on the printed circuit and/or the ground plane. The respective positions of the first feed point a3 and the first ground point on the printed circuit and the positional relationship between the first feed point a3 and the first ground point are not limited in the present application.
According to the antenna type, the relative position between the first antenna element wire a and the printed circuit board can be determined. For example, when the type of the first antenna element a is a patch antenna, the first antenna element a may be disposed on a printed circuit board. When the type of the first antenna element a is a bracket antenna, the first antenna element a can be built on a printed circuit board through a bracket. When the type of the first antenna unit a is a metal frame antenna, the first antenna unit a is located on the side of the printed circuit board.
In this application, the first main branch a1 is connected to the first feed point a3 and the first ground point, respectively, and is used to implement the target frequency band of the resonant coverage antenna of the first main branch a 1. For example, the resonance of the first main branch a1 may be located in the first half of the target frequency band, may also be located in the second half of the target frequency band, and may also be located in the middle of the target frequency band, which is not limited in this application. The specific range of the target frequency band is not limited in the present application.
In this application, the setting process of the length of the first branch a2 may refer to the description of setting the length of the first branch 2 in the first scenario, which is not described herein again. To constitute the balanced mode of the first antenna element a, the length of the first branch a2 is set to be greater than 1/4 first wavelength. The first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a target frequency band of the antenna.
Based on the setting of the length of the first branch a2, that is, the length of the first branch a2 is greater than the first wavelength 1/4, so that the resonance generated by the first branch a2 covers the target frequency band, the mode of the first antenna unit a is switched to the balanced mode. The resonance of the first branch a2 may be located in the first half of the target frequency band, may also be located in the second half of the target frequency band, and may also be located in the middle of the target frequency band, which is not limited in this application.
In this application, the second antenna unit b may include: a second main branch b1, a second branch b2, a second feed point b3 and a second ground point (indicated by a ground symbol in fig. 30).
The manufacturing work of the branch in the second antenna unit b is not limited in the present application. The specific types of the second main branch b1 and the second branch b2, the position relation between the second main branch b1 and the second branch b2, and the positions of the second main branch b1 and the second branch b2 on the electronic device are not limited, and only the branch in the second antenna unit b needs to be coupled by a gap. In the present application, the second main branch b1 and the second branch b2 are coupled by a slot. For convenience of illustration, a gap exists between the second main branch b1 and the second branch b2 in fig. 30.
Typically, the second feed point b3 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device, and the second grounding point may be provided directly on the printed circuit board of the electronic device, connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane, or a grounding device may be provided, connected to a ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane. The respective positions of the second feed point b3 and the second ground point on the printed circuit and the positional relationship between the second feed point b3 and the second ground point are not limited in the present application.
According to the type of the antenna, the relative position between the second antenna unit b and the printed circuit board can be determined without limitation. For example, when the type of the second antenna unit b is an attachment antenna, the second antenna unit b may be disposed on a printed circuit board. When the second antenna unit b is of the bracket antenna type, the second antenna unit b may be built on the printed circuit board through the bracket. When the type of the second antenna unit b is a metal frame antenna, the second antenna unit b is located on the side of the printed circuit board.
In this application, the second main branch b1 is connected to the second feed point b3 and the second ground point, respectively, for implementing the target frequency band of the resonant coverage antenna of the second main branch b 1. For example, the resonance of the second main branch b1 may be located in the first half of the target frequency band, may also be located in the second half of the target frequency band, and may also be located in the middle of the target frequency band, which is not limited in this application.
In this application, the setting process of the length of the second branch b2 may refer to the description of setting the length of the first branch 2 in the first scenario, which is not described herein again. To constitute the balanced mode of the second antenna element b, the length of the second branch b2 is set to be not more than 1/4 of the first wavelength.
Based on the setting of the length of the second branch b2, that is, the length of the second branch b2 is not greater than 1/4 the first wavelength, so that the resonance generated by the second branch b2 is far away from the target frequency band, the mode of the second antenna unit b is switched to the unbalanced mode.
In this way, in the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic device, the balance mode of the first antenna unit a is switched to, so that the resonance of the first branch a2 covers the target frequency band, and thus, the first branch a2 and the first main branch a1 can work together in the target frequency band, thereby improving the transmission performance of the antenna in the head-hand mode or the head mode. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the second main branch b1 still operates in the target frequency band, and is switched to the unbalanced mode of the second antenna unit b, so that the resonance of the first branch b2 is far away from the target frequency band, and the second branch b2 operates outside the target frequency band, thereby reducing the body of the antenna.
The antenna provided by the application is connected with the first feed point in the first antenna unit and the first grounding point in the first antenna unit through the first main branch in the first antenna unit respectively, so that the resonance of the first main branch can cover the target frequency band of the antenna. The length of the first branch in the first antenna unit is greater than 1/4 a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a target frequency band, so that the resonance of the first branch can cover the target frequency band, and the mode of the first antenna unit is switched to a balanced mode. The second main branch in the second antenna unit is respectively connected with the second feed point in the second antenna unit and the second grounding point in the second antenna unit, so that the resonance of the second main branch can cover the target frequency band of the antenna. The length of the second branch in the second antenna element is not greater than 1/4 the first wavelength so that the resonance of the second branch can be away from the target frequency band and the mode of the second antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode. Therefore, the electronic device is switched to the balance mode of the first antenna unit in modes other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, so that the first branch and the first main branch can work in a target frequency band, and the transmitting performance of the antenna in the head-hand mode or the head mode is improved. In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the second main branch still operates in the target frequency band and is switched to the unbalanced mode of the second antenna unit, so that the second branch operates in the target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the antenna is reduced.
On the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 30, as shown in fig. 31, the first antenna element a may further include: a first matching circuit a 4. Generally, the first matching circuit a4 is provided on a printed circuit board of an electronic device. In this application, the first main branch a1 is connected to the first matching circuit a4 through the first feed point a3, and the first matching circuit a4 may be used to connect to the radio frequency module B of the electronic device, so that the first antenna unit a may receive a signal sent by the radio frequency module B or so that the antenna sends a signal to the radio frequency module B. Therefore, under the action of the first matching circuit a4, the frequency band in which the first main branch a1 operates can be adjusted, so that the resonance of the first antenna unit a is closer to or covers the frequency band when the antenna is in normal communication, and the OTA performance of the antenna is improved.
The present application does not limit the specific implementation of the first matching circuit a 4. Alternatively, the first matching circuit a4 may include one or more branches, each branch having a matching device disposed thereon. The matching device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, switches can be further arranged in part of the branches of all the branches for conducting or disconnecting the corresponding branches. The switch and the matching device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
With continued reference to fig. 31, the second antenna element b may further include: and a second matching circuit b 4. Typically, the second matching circuit b4 is provided on a printed circuit board of an electronic device. In this application, the second main branch B1 is connected to the second matching circuit B4 through the second feed point B3, and the second matching circuit B4 may be used to connect to the radio frequency module B of the electronic device, so that the second antenna unit B may receive a signal sent by the radio frequency module B or so that the antenna sends a signal to the radio frequency module B. Therefore, under the action of the second matching circuit b4, the frequency band in which the second main branch b1 operates can be adjusted, so that the resonance of the second antenna unit b is closer to or covers the frequency band in normal communication of the antenna, and the OTA performance of the antenna is improved.
The specific implementation manner of the second matching circuit b4 is not limited in the present application. Alternatively, the second matching circuit b4 may include one or more branches, each branch having a matching device disposed thereon. The matching device may employ one capacitor, one inductor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, a plurality of inductors connected in series, a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a plurality of inductors connected in parallel, at least one capacitor and at least one inductor connected in series, or at least one group of capacitors and inductors connected in series in parallel, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, switches can be further arranged in part of the branches of all the branches for conducting or disconnecting the corresponding branches. The switch and the matching device may be connected in series or in parallel, which is not limited in this application. The number and type of switches are not limited in this application. For example, the switch may be a single-pole multi-throw switch with one input and multiple outputs, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch with multiple inputs and multiple outputs.
It should be noted that the first antenna unit a and the first antenna unit b may be connected to the same radio frequency module in the electronic device (illustrated in fig. 31 in this manner), or may be connected to different radio frequency modules in the electronic device, which is not limited in this application. In addition, when the first antenna element a is operated all the time, the switch in the first matching circuit a4 is in a normally closed state. When the second antenna element b is operated all the time, the switch in the second matching circuit b4 is in a normally closed state.
In addition, on the basis of the embodiments shown in fig. 30 to 31, as shown in fig. 32, the first antenna element a may further include: a first tuning circuit a5 and a third ground point (denoted by the ground symbol in fig. 32). The first antenna element a is connected to a third ground point via a first tuning circuit a5 for tuning the resonance of the first antenna element a.
Typically, the first tuning circuit a5 is provided on a printed circuit board of the electronic device, and the third grounding point may be provided directly on the printed circuit board of the electronic device, connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane, or a grounding device may be provided, connected to a ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane.
The specific implementation manner of the first tuning circuit a5 is not limited in this application, and reference may be specifically made to the description of the second tuning circuit 31 in scenario one, which is not described herein again.
With continued reference to fig. 32, the second antenna element b may further include: a second tuning circuit b5 and a fourth ground point (denoted by a ground symbol in fig. 32). The second antenna element b is connected to a fourth grounding point via a second tuning circuit b5 for adjusting the resonance of the second antenna element b.
Typically, the second tuning circuit b5 is arranged on a printed circuit board of the electronic device, and the fourth grounding point may be arranged directly on the printed circuit board of the electronic device, connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane, or may be arranged on a grounding device, connected to a ground on the grounding device, and the grounding device is connected to a grounding point on the printed circuit and/or to the ground plane.
The specific implementation manner of the second tuning circuit b5 is not limited in this application, and reference may be specifically made to the description of the second tuning circuit 31 in scenario one, which is not described herein again.
Illustratively, on the basis of the embodiments shown in fig. 1-fig. 32, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device. The electronic device of the present application may include: a printed circuit board and an antenna. The structure of the electronic device may refer to the description in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again. The feed point, the tuning circuit and the matching circuit in the antenna are arranged on the printed circuit board, and the grounding point in the antenna is grounded with the printed circuit board.
The electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a headset, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a data card.
Illustratively, the application also provides an antenna control method. Fig. 33 is a flowchart illustrating an antenna control method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the antenna control method of the present application can be implemented by a control module in an electronic device in a software and/or hardware manner, and is applied to the antennas according to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 29. As shown in fig. 33, the antenna control method of the present application may include:
s101, obtaining the mode of the electronic equipment.
Based on the foregoing description, on one hand, the modes of the antenna in the electronic device are different, and the advantages of improving the transmission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode or reducing the body of the electronic device are different. Generally, when the antenna mode is a balanced mode, it is more advantageous to improve the transmission performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode than to reduce the body of the electronic device. When the mode of the antenna is the unbalanced mode, reducing the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is more advantageous than improving the transmitting performance of the electronic equipment in the head-hand mode or the head mode.
On the other hand, the modes of the electronic device are different, the transmitting performance of the electronic device in the head-hand mode or the head mode is different, and the BODYSAR of the electronic device is also different. Generally, the electronic device has better emission performance in the head-hand mode or the head mode than in a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode. The BODYSAR of the electronic device in a mode other than the head mode or the head mode is lower than the BODYSAR of the electronic device in the head mode or the head mode.
In summary, the electronic device needs to determine the mode of the electronic device, so as to improve the transmission performance of the electronic device in the head-to-hand mode or the head mode or reduce the body of the electronic device in the corresponding scene state by switching the modes of the antenna. For a mode determination manner of the electronic device, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again.
S102, under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, controlling a first tuning circuit in the antenna to adjust resonance of a first branch in the antenna, so that the first branch in the antenna and a main branch in the antenna work in a first target frequency band of the antenna.
In a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the electronic device may change the length of the first stub or adjust a connection state between the first stub and the ground point through the first tuning circuit, so that the resonance of the first stub changes, and thus the resonance of the first stub may cover the first target frequency band and switch the mode of the antenna to a balanced mode. Therefore, the electronic equipment can control the first branch and the main branch to work together at the first target frequency band, and the emission performance of the electronic equipment in a head-hand mode or a head mode is improved.
S103, in a mode except a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, controlling a main branch in the antenna to work in a first target frequency band of the antenna, and controlling a first tuning circuit in the antenna to adjust resonance of the first branch in the antenna, so that the first branch in the antenna works outside the first target frequency band.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the electronic device may change the length of the first stub or adjust the connection state between the first stub and the ground point through the first tuning circuit, so that the resonance of the first stub changes, and thus the resonance of the first stub may be away from the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to the unbalanced mode. Therefore, the electronic equipment can control the main branch section to work in the first target frequency band, and control the first branch section to work outside the first target frequency band, so that the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is reduced.
The antenna control method provided by the present application may implement the above-mentioned embodiments of the antenna, and the specific implementation principle and technical effect thereof may refer to the technical solutions of the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 29, which are not described herein again.
Illustratively, the application also provides an antenna control method. Fig. 34 is a flowchart of an antenna control method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the antenna control method of the present application can be implemented by a control module in an electronic device in a software and/or hardware manner, and is applied to the antennas in the embodiments shown in fig. 30 to fig. 32. As shown in fig. 34, the antenna control method of the present application may include:
s201, obtaining the mode of the electronic equipment.
S201 is similar to the implementation of S101 in the embodiment of fig. 33, and details of this embodiment are not repeated here.
S202, under the head-hand mode or the head mode of the electronic equipment, controlling a first branch in the antenna to work in a target frequency band of the antenna by adjusting resonance of the first branch in the antenna and a first main branch in the antenna.
In a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the electronic device may adjust the resonance of the first stub based on the structure of the first antenna unit, so that the resonance of the first stub may cover the target frequency band, and switch the mode of the first antenna to a balanced mode. Therefore, the electronic equipment can control the first branch and the first main branch to work together at the target frequency band, and the emission performance of the electronic equipment in a head-hand mode or a head mode is improved.
S203, in a mode except for a head-hand mode and a head mode of the electronic device, controlling a second main branch in the antenna to work in a target frequency band of the antenna, and controlling the second branch in the antenna to work outside the target frequency band by adjusting resonance of the second branch in the antenna.
In a mode of the electronic device other than the head-hand mode or the head mode, the electronic device may adjust the resonance of the second stub based on the structure of the second antenna unit, so that the resonance of the second stub may be far away from the target frequency band, and switch the mode of the second antenna to the unbalanced mode. Therefore, the electronic equipment can control the second main branch section to work in the target frequency band and control the second branch section to work outside the target frequency band, and the BODYSAR of the electronic equipment is reduced.
The antenna control method provided by the present application may implement the above-mentioned embodiments of the antenna, and the specific implementation principle and technical effect thereof can refer to the technical solutions of the embodiments shown in fig. 30 to fig. 32, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 35 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 35, the electronic device 100 is configured to implement any one of the above method embodiments, corresponding to the operation of the control module in the electronic device through software and/or hardware, and the electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a handheld computer, and the like. The electronic device 100 of the present application may include: a memory 101 and a processor 102. The memory 101 and the processor 102 may be connected by a bus 103.
A memory 101 for storing program codes;
the processor 102 invokes program code, which when executed, is configured to perform the antenna control method in any of the above embodiments. Reference may be made in particular to the description relating to the method embodiments described above.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present application further includes a communication interface 104, and the communication interface 104 may be connected to the processor 102 through the bus 103. The processor 102 may control the communication interface 103 to implement the above-described receiving and transmitting functions of the electronic device 100.
The electronic device of the present application may be configured to execute the technical solutions in the above method embodiments, and the implementation principles and technical effects are similar, which are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is only one logical division, and the actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of modules may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
Modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiments of the present application.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one unit. The unit formed by the modules can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a form of hardware and a software functional unit.
The integrated module implemented in the form of a software functional module may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The software functional module is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) or a processor (processor) to execute some steps of the methods according to the embodiments of the present application.
It should be understood that the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the present invention may be embodied directly in a hardware processor, or in a combination of the hardware and software modules within the processor.
The memory may comprise a high speed RAM memory, and may further comprise a non-volatile storage NVM, such as at least one magnetic disk memory, and may also be a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, or the like.
The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses in the figures of the present application are not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.
The application further provides a readable storage medium, in which an execution instruction is stored, and when at least one processor of the electronic device executes the execution instruction, the electronic device executes the antenna control method in the above method embodiment.
The application also provides a chip, wherein the chip is connected with the memory, or the memory is integrated on the chip, and when a software program stored in the memory is executed, the antenna control method in the embodiment of the method is realized.
The present application also provides a program product comprising execution instructions stored in a readable storage medium. The at least one processor of the electronic device may read the execution instruction from the readable storage medium, and the execution of the execution instruction by the at least one processor causes the electronic device to implement the antenna control method in the above-described method embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: in the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. The procedures or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are all or partially generated when the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.

Claims (16)

1. An antenna applied to an electronic device, the antenna comprising: the main branch, the first branch, the feed point, the first grounding point and the first tuning circuit; the main branch is connected with the feed point and the first grounding point respectively; the first branch is connected with the first tuning circuit; the main branch section is coupled with the first branch section by adopting a gap; the length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in a first target frequency band of the antenna;
in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first stub adjusts resonance of the first stub and the main stub to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit; when the first branch and the main branch work in the first target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch covers the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to a balanced mode;
under the modes of the electronic equipment except for a head-hand mode and a head mode, the main branch works in the first target frequency band, and the first branch adjusts the resonance of the first branch to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit; the main branch works in the first target frequency band, when the first branch works outside the first target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch is far away from the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode.
2. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a second stub, a second ground point, a second tuning circuit and a third ground point;
the second branch is connected with the second grounding point and the second tuning circuit respectively; the second tuning circuit is connected with the third grounding point; the main branch, the first branch and the second branch are coupled by gaps;
in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the second stub adjusts resonance of the second stub to work outside the first target frequency band through the second tuning circuit;
and under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the second branch and the main branch are adjusted to work in the first target frequency band by the second tuning circuit.
3. The antenna of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a fourth ground point; the first tuning circuit is connected to the fourth ground point.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein when there is a slot in the first stub, the slot divides the first stub into a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment; the antenna further includes: a third tuning circuit; the first radiating section or the second radiating section is connected with the first tuning circuit, and the first radiating section and the second radiating section are respectively connected with the third tuning circuit;
under a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected through the third tuning circuit, and the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit;
and under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the third tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first stub is used for adjusting the resonance of the first stub to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the third tuning circuit.
5. The antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein when there is a slot in the first stub, the slot divides the first stub into a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment; the first radiation section and the second radiation section are respectively connected with the first tuning circuit;
under a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first tuning circuit is used for connecting the first radiation section and the second radiation section, and the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit;
and under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the first tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first branch section is used for adjusting the resonance of the first branch section to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit.
6. The antenna of claim 5, further comprising: a fourth tuning circuit and a fifth ground point; the first radiating section or the second radiating section is connected with the fourth tuning circuit; the fourth tuning circuit is further connected to the fifth ground point;
under a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first tuning circuit is used for connecting the first radiation section and the second radiation section, and the first branch section adjusts the resonance of the first branch section to work in the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit;
and under the modes of the electronic equipment except for the head-hand mode and the head mode, the first tuning circuit is used for disconnecting the first radiation section from the second radiation section, and the first stub is used for adjusting the resonance of the first stub to work outside the first target frequency band through the first tuning circuit and the fourth tuning circuit.
7. The antenna of any of claims 1-2, 4, 6, wherein the length of the first stub is greater than 1/4 and less than 5/8 of the first wavelength.
8. The antenna of any of claims 1-2, 4, and 6, wherein the length of the first stub is greater than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 40 mm.
9. The antenna of any of claims 1-2, 4, 6, further comprising: a matching circuit;
the main branch is connected with the matching circuit through the feed point; the matching circuit is used for adjusting the resonance of the main branch so as to improve the communication performance of the antenna.
10. An antenna applied to an electronic device, the antenna comprising: a first antenna element and a second antenna element;
wherein the first antenna unit includes: the first main branch section, the first feed point and the first grounding point; the first main branch is connected with the first feed point and the first grounding point respectively; the first main branch section is coupled with the first branch section by adopting a gap; the length of the first branch is greater than 1/4 first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to any frequency point in the target frequency band of the antenna;
the second antenna unit includes: the second main branch, the second feed point and the second grounding point; the second main branch is connected with the second feed point and the second grounding point respectively; the second main branch section is coupled with the second branch section by adopting a gap; the length of the second branch is not more than 1/4 first wavelength;
in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic device, the first stub operates in the target frequency band by adjusting resonance of the first stub and the first main stub; when the first branch and the first main branch work in the target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch covers the target frequency band, and the mode of the first antenna is switched to a balanced mode;
in a mode of the electronic device except for a head-hand mode and a head mode, the second main branch works in the target frequency band, and the second branch works in the target frequency band by adjusting the resonance of the second branch; and when the second main branch works outside the target frequency band, the resonance of the second branch is far away from the target frequency band, and the mode of the second antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode.
11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the first antenna element further comprises: a first matching circuit;
the first main branch is connected with the first matching circuit through the first feed point; the first matching circuit is used for adjusting resonance of the first main branch so as to improve communication performance of the first antenna unit.
12. The antenna of claim 10 or 11, wherein the second antenna element further comprises: a second matching circuit;
the second main branch is connected with the second matching circuit through the second feed point; the second matching circuit is used for adjusting resonance of the second main branch so as to improve communication performance of the second antenna unit.
13. An electronic device, comprising: a printed circuit board and an antenna according to any of claims 1-9, and/or a printed circuit board and an antenna according to any of claims 10-12;
the feed point, the tuning circuit and the matching circuit in the antenna are arranged on the printed circuit board, and the grounding point in the antenna is grounded with the printed circuit board.
14. An antenna control method, characterized by being applied to the antenna according to any one of claims 1-9;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a mode of the electronic equipment;
under a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic equipment, controlling a first tuning circuit in the antenna to adjust resonance of a first branch in the antenna so that the first branch in the antenna and a main branch in the antenna work at a first target frequency band of the antenna; when the first branch and the main branch work in the first target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch covers the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to a balanced mode;
under the modes of the electronic equipment except for a head-hand mode and a head mode, controlling a main branch in the antenna to work in a first target frequency band of the antenna, and controlling a first tuning circuit in the antenna to adjust resonance of the first branch in the antenna so as to enable the first branch in the antenna to work outside the first target frequency band; the main branch works in the first target frequency band, when the first branch works outside the first target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch is far away from the first target frequency band, and the mode of the antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode.
15. An antenna control method, characterized by being applied to the antenna according to any one of claims 10-12;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a mode of the electronic equipment;
controlling a first branch in the antenna to work in a target frequency band of the antenna by adjusting resonance of the first branch in the antenna and a first main branch in the antenna in a head-hand mode or a head mode of the electronic equipment; when the first branch and the first main branch work in the target frequency band, the resonance of the first branch covers the target frequency band, and the mode of the first antenna is switched to a balanced mode;
under the mode except the head-hand mode and the head mode of the electronic equipment, controlling a second main branch in the antenna to work in the target frequency band of the antenna, and controlling the second branch in the antenna to work outside the target frequency band by adjusting the resonance of the second branch in the antenna; and when the second main branch works outside the target frequency band, the resonance of the second branch is far away from the target frequency band, and the mode of the second antenna is switched to an unbalanced mode.
16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the obtaining the mode of the electronic device comprises:
acquiring the state of a receiver in the electronic equipment;
when the earphone is in an open state, determining that the mode of the electronic equipment is a head-hand mode or a head mode;
determining a mode of the electronic device as a mode other than a head-hand mode and a head mode when the earpiece is in an off state.
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