CN103541267A - Preparation method of rare earth-modified paper base friction material - Google Patents
Preparation method of rare earth-modified paper base friction material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rare earth-modified paper base friction material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dissolving a cashew nut shell oil-modified phenolic resin in anhydrous ethanol to obtain a solution A, dispersing multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution to obtain a suspension liquid B, adding a nitrate solution of a rare earth element into the suspension liquid B to obtain a suspension liquid C, dispersing chopped carbon fibers, bamboo fibers and diatomite in water and adding the suspension liquid C into the mixed solution to obtain a solution D, carrying out defibering on the solution D, carrying out sheet-making and drying to obtain a sample sheet, soaking the sample sheet in the solution A, taking out the sample sheet, carrying out drying in air, and carrying out hot press molding to obtain the rare earth-modified paper base friction material. The preparation method realizes full combination of the rare earth element and the carbon nanotubes, utilizes their synergism, realizes preparation of the single-layer paper base friction material, has simple and easily controllable processes, solves the problem that the friction material obtained by the prior art has the uneven surface, unfirmly-bonded interfaces and unstable friction performances, greatly improves friction performances of the rare earth-modified paper base friction material and effectively reduces a wear rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to friction material field, relate to a kind of preparation method of modified paper base frication material, particularly a kind of preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material.
Background technology
Wet-type friction material refers to work in the friction material in lubricant medium (being mainly lubricating oil), be mainly used in [P.Marklund in the wet type transmission systems such as automatic transmission, differential mechanism, torque management device and synchronized, R.Larsson.Tribology International, 2008,41:824 – 830.].Because service condition is different, the speed of transmission system, pressure and load difference are very large, single certain material is difficult to meet all operating mode instructions for uses, thereby develop multiple Wet-type friction material, mainly comprise cork-rubber base frication material, powder metallurgy friction material, paper friction material and carbon/carbon compound material etc.
Paper friction material is mainly comprised of fiber, binding agent, filler, frictional property regulator etc., conventionally adopt the mode of papermaking to manufacture, so be called " paper substrate " friction material, [appoint just Deng Haijin, Li Ming. automotive engineering, 2004 (11): 1-4.].Because it has that coefficient of friction is high, stable friction performance, static and dynamic friction coefficient be widely used in the wet clutch and brake of all kinds of heavy vehicles and engineering machinery than many premium properties such as adjustable, abrasion resistance properties is good, energy absorption capability is high, particularly as the friction plate material of wet clutch in automatic gearbox.Along with vehicle is to future developments such as high speed, heavy load, light pollutions, development to paper base material is also had higher requirement, researchers have made some effort and effect [Kim S J at paper base material the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes design aspect, Cho M H, Lim D S, et al.Wear, 2001, (251): 1484～1491].Rare earth element electronegativity is low, at friction surface, easily forms enrichment.Rare earth urges to carbo-nitriding the effect of oozing, make infiltration layer show fabulous wear-resisting erosion resistance [Xue Maoquan ，Xiong party is raw, Yan Jie. the tribology research of Rare Earth Lubricating Materials [J]. rare metal, 2004,28 (1): 248-251].In polymer, add rare earth compound, can significantly improve its physical and mechanical properties and ABRASION RESISTANCE.[Xiong Dangsheng, Chen Lei, the Wang Zhenzhong .La such as Xiong Dangsheng
2o
3fill the friction and wear behavior [J] of PA1010 composite. China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2001,11 (4): 611-615] investigated the friction and wear behavior containing the 1010 Composites of different rare earth compounds, think that rare earth compound produces in friction process and decompose and friction chemical reaction occurs, strengthen the adhesion between transfer membrane and couple surface, thereby improve the ABRASION RESISTANCE of composite.Xue Yujun, Cheng Xianhua [Xue Y J, Cheng X H.Tensile properties of glass fiber reinforced PTFE using a rare-earth surface modifier[J] .Journal of Materials Science Letters, 2001, 20 (18): 1729-1731] studied the impact of rare-earth surface modification on Glass Fiber Reinforced PTFE Composites tribological property, result of study is found by the anti-wear performance of rare earth modified glass fibre Filled PTEF composite best, coefficient of friction and friction surface temperature are minimum, main take adhesion and slight abrasive wear as main, RE-treated has increased the bond properties between glass fibre and polymer, has changed the phase structure of material internal.At present, extensive work has been carried out in characteristic and the application study in tribology thereof of relevant rare earth compound, and obtains certain progress, but also exists some problem values to further investigate.For example, except glass fibre, rare earth carries out the effect of surface modification treatment to other inorfils; Rare earth surface treatment strengthens the mechanism of action at polymer matrix composites interface to inorfil; Rare earth improves the mechanism of composite tribological property etc.Rare earth compound is not also applied in paper friction material simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material, the method technique is simple and easy to control, can improve by adding rare earth element the frictional behaviour of paper friction material.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin of every 0.7g～3.0g is dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol of every 50～100mL, obtains phenol resin solution, standing, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of every 0.5～8g is dispersed in the sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution of every 100～500mL, is stirred to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B; The nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 1%～4% to the mass concentration that adds 50～100mL in the suspension B of every 100～500mL again, obtains suspension C;
Step 3: to the diatomite that adds the chopped carbon fiber of 6～14g, the bamboo fibre of 5～12g and 1～5g in the water of every 50～100mL, be uniformly dispersed, obtain mixed solution, again suspension C is joined in mixed solution and obtain D solution, while wherein often adding 6～14g chopped carbon fiber, add 80～400g suspension C;
Step 4: D solution is discongested, then, by the D solution handsheet after discongesting dry, obtain print; Or the D solution after discongesting is carried out to suction filtration, by filtration cakes torrefaction, obtain print;
Step 5: print be impregnated in after A solution and takes out and dry, then hot-forming, obtain rare earth modified paper friction material.
Time of repose in described step 1 is 20h～30h.
In described step 2, the diameter of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is 30～50nm.
In described step 2, the mass concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution is 0.1%～0.5%.
The nitrate solution of the rare earth element in described step 2 is that cerous nitrate, lanthanum nitrate or yttrium nitrate are dissolved in the water, and after stirring, obtains.
In described step 3, the diameter of chopped carbon fiber is 8～15 μ m.
In described step 3, the beating degree of bamboo fibre is 75～90.SR。
In described step 4, discongest for D solution is poured into and is disperseed 800～2000r in fluffer.
In described step 5, hot-forming temperature is 150～180 ℃, and the time is 10～20min, and pressure is 3～8MPa.
In described step 5, use vulcanizer to carry out hot-forming operation.
With respect to prior art, the invention enables beneficial effect to be:
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material who effectively improves the frictional behaviour of Wet-type friction material by adding rare earth element.In the suspension B being in control by multi-wall carbon nano-tube, add the nitrate solution of rare earth element to obtain suspension C, then chopped carbon fiber, bamboo fibre and diatomite are uniformly dispersed in water, add again suspension C, adopt the technique of papermaking to be prepared into print, or adopt suction filtration operation to be prepared into print, the A solution again print dipping being obtained by cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, rear hot-press solidifying to be dried, is finally prepared into rare earth modified paper friction material.And by controlling the content of various components, can obtain the rare earth modified paper friction material of different coefficients of friction and wear rate.Technique of the present invention is simple and easy to control, using rare earth element as raw material and CNT mix, make its abundant combination, do as a whole playing a role, prepare the rare earth modified paper friction material of individual layer.One aspect of the present invention can overcome friction material surface out-of-flatness prepared by prior art, each component interface in conjunction with the insecure and unsettled problem of frictional behaviour, rare earth element is applied in paper friction material, and CNT acting in conjunction can improve the flatness of paper friction material and the interface bond strength between each component greatly; And when adopting suction filtration operation to prepare print, can realize whole process in blocks zero water and participate in, overcome the deficiency that can only prepare paper friction material in prior art in water, make when preparing paper friction material D solution free settling and wadding poly-; Can greatly improve the frictional behaviour of paper friction material on the other hand, effectively reduce wear rate, interface between each component of rare earth modified paper friction material of preparing is in conjunction with very firm, and its surfacing is smooth, wear rate is low, coefficient of friction is high, friction noise is little, stable friction performance, material heat conductivity are good.By the measured coefficient of kinetic friction of QM1000-II type tester for friction between, can bring up to 0.14 by 0.12, wear rate can be by 5.0 * 10
-8drop to 1.4 * 10
-8, there are good large-scale industrial production potentiality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ESEM picture on the embodiment 3 rare earth modified paper friction material surface of preparing.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin using in the present invention is from Shandong Shengquan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and model is PF-6291A; Multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is reaction engineering laboratory from Tsing-Hua University's chemical industry; Chopped carbon fiber is from Anshan Sinocrab Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: get 0.7g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 60mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 20h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.1% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 0.5g diameter is dispersed in 100mL mass concentration, magnetic agitation 4 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 1% by the mass concentration of 50mL again (is dissolved in the water cerous nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of cerous nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 100mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 5g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 75 to adding 6g diameter in the water of every 50mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 1g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 80g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured in fluffer and disperseed 800r, take out the D solution after discongesting, handsheet dry, obtains print on handsheet machine;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 10min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 150 ℃, and hot pressing time is 10min, hot pressing pressure is 3MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: get 1.2g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 70mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 24h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.2% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 1g diameter is dispersed in 170mL mass concentration, magnetic agitation 5 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 2% by the mass concentration of 60mL again (is dissolved in the water lanthanum nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 170mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 7g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 78 to adding 8g diameter in the water of every 60mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 1.5g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 100g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured in fluffer and disperseed 1000r, take out the D solution after discongesting, handsheet dry, obtains print on handsheet machine;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 15min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 155 ℃, and hot pressing time is 12min, hot pressing pressure is 4MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: get 2.25g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 80mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 26h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.3% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 2.5g diameter is dispersed in 250mL mass concentration, magnetic agitation 5.5 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 3% by the mass concentration of 70mL again (is dissolved in the water cerous nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of cerous nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 250mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 9g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 80 to adding 10g diameter in the water of every 70mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 2.5g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 200g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured in fluffer and disperseed 1500r, take out the D solution after discongesting, handsheet dry, obtains print on handsheet machine;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 20min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 160 ℃, and hot pressing time is 15min, hot pressing pressure is 5MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Fig. 1 is the ESEM picture on the present embodiment rare earth modified paper friction material surface of preparing.As can see from Figure 1, prepared rare earth modified paper friction material interface is in conjunction with tight, and surface is quite smooth, and multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and bamboo fibre are closely wrapped in chopped carbon fiber surface.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: get 3g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 90mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 30h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.5% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 4.8g diameter is dispersed in 500mL mass concentration, magnetic agitation 6 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 3.5% by the mass concentration of 80mL again (is dissolved in the water lanthanum nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 500mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 11g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 85 to adding 13g diameter in the water of every 80mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 3g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 300g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured in fluffer and disperseed 2000r, take out the D solution after discongesting, handsheet dry, obtains print on handsheet machine;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 25min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 170 ℃, and hot pressing time is 18min, hot pressing pressure is 6MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Embodiment 5:
Step 1: get 2g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 120mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 22h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.4% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 8g diameter is dispersed in 300ml mass concentration, magnetic agitation 5 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 4% by the mass concentration of 90mL again (is dissolved in the water yttrium nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of yttrium nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 300mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 12g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 90 to adding 14g diameter in the water of every 90mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 5g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 400g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured in fluffer and disperseed 1200r, take out the D solution after discongesting, handsheet dry, obtains print on handsheet machine;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 30min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 180 ℃, and hot pressing time is 20min, hot pressing pressure is 8MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Embodiment 6:
Step 1: get 2.7g cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin, be dissolved in 50mL absolute ethyl alcohol and obtain phenol resin solution, standing 28h after phenolic resins fully dissolves, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: it is in 0.25% dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution that the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes that is 30～50nm by 6g diameter is dispersed in 400ml mass concentration, magnetic agitation 5 hours to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B, the nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 2.5% by the mass concentration of 100mL again (is dissolved in the water yttrium nitrate, after stirring, obtain, the mass concentration of yttrium nitrate is 1%) join in the suspension B of 400mL, obtain suspension C;
Step 3: be that chopped carbon fiber, the 8g beating degree of 8～15 μ m is 82 to adding 11.5g diameter in the water of every 100mL.The bamboo fibre of SR and 4g diatomite, be uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed solution, then get 250g suspension C and pour in mixed solution to obtain D solution into;
Step 4: D solution is poured into and disperseed 1800r in fluffer, D solution after taking-up is discongested, funnel, bottle,suction, water circulating pump three are tightly connected, filter paper is adjacent to funnel bottom, open water pump, again the batching of discongesting is poured in funnel and carried out suction filtration, after suction filtration finishes, filter cake is dried, obtain print;
Step 5: print be impregnated in and takes out nature after 30min in A solution and dry, hot-forming on vulcanizer, the hot pressing temperature of controlling vulcanizer is 175 ℃, and hot pressing time is 13min, hot pressing pressure is 7MPa, obtains the rare earth modified paper friction material of stable friction performance.
Interface between each component of rare earth modified paper friction material that the present invention prepares is in conjunction with very firm, its surfacing is smooth, wear rate is low, coefficient of friction is high, friction noise is little, stable friction performance, material heat conductivity are good, by the measured coefficient of kinetic friction of QM1000-II type tester for friction between, can bring up to 0.14 by 0.12, wear rate can be by 5.0 * 10
-8drop to 1.4 * 10
-8.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for rare earth modified paper friction material, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin of every 0.7g～3.0g is dissolved in the absolute ethyl alcohol of every 50～100mL, obtains phenol resin solution, standing, sealing is preserved, and obtains A solution;
Step 2: the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of every 0.5～8g is dispersed in the sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution of every 100～500mL, is stirred to multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and is uniformly dispersed, obtain suspension B; The nitrate solution of the rare earth element that is 1%～4% to the mass concentration that adds 50～100mL in the suspension B of every 100～500mL again, obtains suspension C;
Step 3: to the diatomite that adds the chopped carbon fiber of 6～14g, the bamboo fibre of 5～12g and 1～5g in the water of every 50～100mL, be uniformly dispersed, obtain mixed solution, again suspension C is joined in mixed solution and obtain D solution, while wherein often adding 6～14g chopped carbon fiber, add 80～400g suspension C;
Step 4: D solution is discongested, then, by the D solution handsheet after discongesting dry, obtain print; Or the D solution after discongesting is carried out to suction filtration, by filtration cakes torrefaction, obtain print;
Step 5: print be impregnated in after A solution and takes out and dry, then hot-forming, obtain rare earth modified paper friction material.
2. the preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the time of repose in described step 1 is 20h～30h.
3. the preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2, the diameter of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes is 30～50nm.
4. according to the preparation method of the rare earth modified paper friction material described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, the mass concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution is 0.1%～0.5%.
5. according to the preparation method of the rare earth modified paper friction material described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the nitrate solution of the rare earth element in described step 2 is that cerous nitrate, lanthanum nitrate or yttrium nitrate are dissolved in the water, and after stirring, obtains.
6. the preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, the diameter of chopped carbon fiber is 8～15 μ m.
7. according to the preparation method of the rare earth modified paper friction material described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, the beating degree of bamboo fibre is 75～90.SR。
8. the preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: that in described step 4, discongests disperses 800～2000r for D solution is poured in fluffer.
9. the preparation method of rare earth modified paper friction material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 5, hot-forming temperature is 150～180 ℃, and the time is 10～20min, and pressure is 3～8MPa.
10. according to the preparation method of the rare earth modified paper friction material described in claim 1 or 9, it is characterized in that: in described step 5, use vulcanizer to carry out hot-forming operation.
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