CN103532445B - A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103532445B CN103532445B CN201310511135.XA CN201310511135A CN103532445B CN 103532445 B CN103532445 B CN 103532445B CN 201310511135 A CN201310511135 A CN 201310511135A CN 103532445 B CN103532445 B CN 103532445B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of heavy load start of motor, start control device and comprise the first contactor, the second contactor, thermal relay, switch, and for controlling the control module of the first contactor and the second contactor break-make; One end of described switch connects power supply and control module, and the other end of switch connects the input of the first contactor and the second contactor, and the output of the first contactor connects motor, and the output of the second contactor connects motor by thermal relay.The present invention opens starting-up later time when electric motor starting by control module; after electric motor starting a period of time, operating loop is opened in control module switching; make starting-up later time and operating loop relatively independent and be independent of each other; big current during electric motor starting can be avoided; circuit structure can be simplified again; its control mode is simple, and the overload of energy realizing circuit and open-phase protection, the startup also greatly saving motor is controlled cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric motor starting technical field, particularly a kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof.
Background technology
Motor drag is applied to all trades and professions, and the scope of application widely.In order to avoid when heavy-duty motor starts to the impact of electrical network, common practices is that the low-power machine of power≤22KW can directly start, and the motor of power > 22KW need adopt reduced-voltage starting mode.Low-power machine is when needs heavy load starting, and the big current of the long period continued when can avoid heavy load start of motor to allow the protection device of motor in heavy load start of motor process, has following several solution at present:
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, MF wherein is all expressed as motor.As can be seen from Figure 1, the first embodiment adopts the electronic thermal relay FR1(of air switch QF1+ A.C. contactor KM1+ to adopt CLASS20 level or CLASS30 level) as the startup of the heavily loaded motor of directly startup and protective loop.As can be seen from Figure 2, the second embodiment adopts motor protection circuit breaker QF2(to possess CLASS20 or CLASS30 trip grade)+A.C. contactor KM2 is as the startup of the heavily loaded motor directly started and protective loop.As can be seen from Figure 3, the 3rd embodiment adopts quick fuse apparatus FU1+ soft initiator FCS(to have current limliting, bypass, phase shortage function)+A.C. contactor KM3 is as the startup of motor heavy duty and protective loop.As can be seen from Figure 4, the 4th embodiment adopts quick fuse apparatus FU2+ frequency converter B PQ+ A.C. contactor KM4 as the startup of motor heavy duty and protective loop.
Although the startup that above 4 embodiments provide and protective loop continue the big current of long period when can avoid heavy load start of motor, startup and the protective loop cost of employing when their cost is applied than the non-heavy load starting of motor are much higher.Minimum in cost is the first embodiment, and second and third embodiment increases progressively, and the 4th embodiment is the highest.Although the cost of the first embodiment is minimum, compares the cost of electric motor starting and the protective loop configured when the non-heavy load starting of same power motor is applied, also exceed a lot.The type of device adopted that has its source in of price difference, as CLASS20 level or the electronic thermal relay of CLASS30 level and the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 level, the former is about about 15 times of the latter.In 11KW motor, select the cost of the electronic thermal relay of CLASS20 grade to be about 800 ~ 900 yuan, and select the cost of the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 grade to be about 50 ~ 60 yuan, cost difference is huge.The soft initiator FCS adopted in 3rd embodiment, and adopts the price of frequency converter B PQ also not identical in the 4th embodiment, cost difference will more greatly and higher.
Thus prior art need to improve.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of heavy load start of motor, with the problem that the startup and protective loop cost that solve existing heavily loaded motor are high.
In order to achieve the above object, this invention takes following technical scheme:
A startup control device for heavy load start of motor, it comprises the first contactor, the second contactor, thermal relay, switch, and for controlling the control module of the first contactor and the second contactor break-make; One end of described switch connects power supply and control module, and the other end of switch connects the input of the first contactor and the second contactor, and the output of the first contactor connects motor, and the output of the second contactor connects motor by thermal relay.
In the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, described first contactor and the second contactor are A.C. contactor.
In the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, described switch is air switch.
In the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, described thermal relay is the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 trip grade.
In the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, described control module comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button and stop button; First normally opened contact of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button, one end of start button connects one end of coil of midget relay and one end of the coil of the time relay by stop button, one end of the contact of the other end of the coil of the other end connect hours relay of the coil of midget relay, power supply and thermal relay; The other end of the contact of thermal relay connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay successively by the normally-closed contact of the time relay, the coil of the first contactor, the normally-closed contact of the second contactor, the other end of the contact of thermal relay also connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay successively by the normally opened contact of the time relay, the coil of the second contactor, the normally-closed contact of the first contactor, the other end of the second normally opened contact of described midget relay connects the other end of start button and one end of switch.
In the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, the described time relay is the on-delay formula time relay.
A startup control method for the startup control device of described heavy load start of motor, it comprises:
Control the first contactor when A, electric motor starting and obtain electric adhesive and the second contactor disconnection, the starting-up later time that power supply is formed through switch, the first contactor makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors;
B, Preset Time control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the first contactor disconnection when reaching, the operating loop that power supply is formed through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors.
In described startup control method, also comprise step:
C, when receive cease and desist order time, control the first contactor and the second contactor and disconnect, stop power supply and make motor out of service.
In described startup control method, in steps A, B, also comprise and the operating state of thermal relay is detected, stop when judging thermal relay fault or disconnecting motor to run.
Compared to prior art, the startup control device of heavy load start of motor provided by the invention and control method thereof, form starting-up later time by the first contactor, forms operating loop by the second contactor, thermal relay; Starting-up later time is opened by control module when electric motor starting; after electric motor starting a period of time, operating loop is opened in control module switching; make starting-up later time and operating loop relatively independent and be independent of each other; big current during electric motor starting can be avoided; circuit structure can be simplified again; its control mode is simple, and the overload of energy realizing circuit and open-phase protection, the startup also greatly saving motor is controlled cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing heavy load start of motor control device first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of existing heavy load start of motor control device second embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of existing heavy load start of motor control device the 3rd embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of existing heavy load start of motor control device the 4th embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the startup control device preferred embodiment of heavy load start of motor of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the method flow diagram of the control method of the startup control device of heavy load start of motor of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of startup control device and control method thereof of heavy load start of motor, be less than the motor of 22KW mainly for power when heavy load starting is applied, use the protection device of preferred type to reduce heavy load start of motor cost.The present invention adopts A.C. contactor (low cost) to realize starting-up later time; The Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of A.C. contactor+CLASS10 level (general type) realizes operating loop; both big current during electric motor starting can have been avoided; can provide omnidistance short-circuit protection to motor again, overload omnidistance after startup and default-phase protection function, also provide cost savings greatly.
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and effect clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 5, the startup control device of heavy load start of motor provided by the invention comprises the first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1, switch QF, and for controlling the control module 10 of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 break-make; One end of described switch QF connects power supply and control module 10, the other end of switch QF connects the input of the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2, the output of the first contactor KM1 connects the output of motor M F, the second contactor KM2 by thermal relay FR1 connection motor M F.
Wherein, the power of described motor M F is less than 22KW.In other words, startup control device provided by the invention is mainly used in the heavy load starting protection of low-power machine.In the present embodiment, form starting-up later time by the first contactor KM1, form operating loop by the second contactor KM2 and thermal relay FR1, the relatively independent and common switch QF in these two loops, provides power supply by switch QF.
When motor M F starts, control module exports corresponding control signal and makes the first contactor KM1 adhesive, electric current successively through switch QF, the first contactor KM1 to motor M F, motor M F is energized running, and simultaneously the second contactor KM2 is in off-state.When motor M F starts after Preset Time, control signal change the first contactor KM1 is disconnected while make the second contactor KM2 adhesive, electric current successively through switch QF, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1 to motor M F, motor M F is energized running.
Described first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 is A.C. contactor.In order to save cost, described thermal relay FR1 can adopt the thermal relay of low cost CLASS10 grade.
The thermal relay FR1 that the present embodiment adopts can realize overload and the open-phase protection of motor M F; starting-up later time and operating loop all can detect the operating state of thermal relay FR1; during to guarantee thermal relay FR1 fault or to be in off-state, this startup control device can stop the operation of motor immediately.The Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 trip grade can be adopted in the specific implementation.The thermal relay cost of this grade is than other grade much lower (as the need 800 ~ 900 yuan of CLASS20 level; the need of CLASS10 level 50 ~ 60 yuan); after electric motor starting completes; the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 trip grade has met protection requirement when motor normally runs completely; therefore; select the thermal relay of the type, the cost of low-power machine heavy load starting control device can not only be greatly reduced, and the normal work of motor can be ensured.
In order to realize the short-circuit protection of motor M F, more preferably, described switch QF adopts air switch, and it can to the short circuit of circuit. and heavy overload etc. are protected in time, are specially adapted to motor application.
The control signal that control module 10 exports need meet before motor M F starts and to reach to Preset Time, and the first contactor KM1 adhesive and the second contactor KM2 disconnect, and motor M F is powered by starting-up later time; After Preset Time reaches, switch to the first contactor KM1 to disconnect and the second contactor KM2 adhesive, motor M F is powered by operating loop.Because the time of small machine heavy load starting generally completed in about 5 seconds, so described Preset Time is generally greater than 5 seconds and is less than 10 seconds.This Preset Time reaches when front motor MF starts and produces big current, now adopts starting-up later time to allow the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of common trip grade escape this big current smoothly for electric energy, avoids ordinary hot relay to thread off because of super-high-current when electric motor starting.
In the specific implementation, described control signal need guarantee that the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 mechanically interlocks, and when namely ensureing a contactor adhesive, another contactor must disconnect, and avoids short circuit.The invention provides a kind of execution mode of control module 10, please continue to refer to Fig. 5, described control module 10 comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button SB1 and stop button SB2, first normally opened contact KA_NO1 of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button SB1, one end of start button SB1 connects one end of coil KA_QC of midget relay and one end of the coil KT_QC of the time relay by stop button SB2, one end of the contact FR1_H of the other end of the coil KT_QC of the other end connect hours relay of the coil KA_QC of midget relay, power supply and thermal relay FR1, the other end of the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 is successively by the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay, the coil KM1_QC of the first contactor KM1, the normally-closed contact KM2_NC of the second contactor KM2 connects one end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of midget relay, the other end of the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 is also successively by the normally opened contact KT_NO of the time relay, the coil KM2_QC of the second contactor KM2, the normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 connects one end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of midget relay, the other end of the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of described midget relay connects the other end of start button SB1 and one end of switch QF.
When pressing start button SB1, midget relay KA1 obtains electric adhesive, and the time relay starts timing simultaneously, and the now coil KM1_QC energising of the first contactor KM1 makes the main contacts adhesive of the first contactor KM1, and the first contactor KM1 works; The normally-closed contact KM1_NC (being also normally closed auxiliary contact) of the first contactor KM1 disconnects simultaneously, and mechanical interlocking second contactor KM2 when the first contactor KM1 adhesive disconnects certainly.After time relay timing time (i.e. Preset Time) reaches, the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay disconnects, the coil KM1_QC dead electricity of the first contactor KM1 and the main contacts of the first contactor KM1 is disconnected, the normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 closes, the normally opened contact KT_NO of the time relay closes, the coil KM2_QC of the second contactor KM2 is energized, second contactor KM2 works, the normally-closed contact KM2_NC (being also normally closed auxiliary contact) of the second contactor KM2 disconnects, mechanical interlocking first contactor KM1 when the second contactor KM2 adhesive disconnects certainly, thus the switching realized between starting-up later time and operating loop.Control switching time to complete in 10 seconds, because the time is very short, the overload of motor and open-phase protection are not impacted substantially.
Be specially: the coil KA_QC that start button SB1 presses coil KT_QC and the midget relay making the time relay is energized, the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay is closed, the time relay starts meter; First normally opened contact KA_NO1 and the second normally opened contact KA_NO2 of midget relay are all closed, guarantee that start button SB1 keeps power circuit after upspringing.Simultaneously, the contact FR1_H of thermal relay FR1 closes, normally-closed contact KT_NC due to the time relay closes and its normally opened contact KT_NO disconnects, the coil KM1_QC energising of the first contactor KM1 makes the first contactor KM1 work, and the coil KM2_QC no power of the second contactor KM2 then the second contactor KM2 disconnection does not work.The normally-closed contact KM1_NC of the first contactor KM1 disconnects, and the normally-closed contact KM2_NC of the second contactor KM2 closes, and circuit is formed mechanical interlocked.The starting-up later time now formed by switch QF, the first contactor KM1 is powered to motor M F, and motor M F operates.
After Preset Time reaches, the normally-closed contact KT_NC of the time relay disconnects and its normally opened contact KT_NO closes, the coil KM1_QC no power of the first contactor KM1 makes its contact KM1_NC close, the coil KM2_QC energising of the second contactor KM2 makes its contact KM2_NC disconnect, then the first contactor KM1 disconnects, and the second contactor KM2 works.The operating loop now formed by switch QF, the second contactor KM2, thermal relay FR1 is powered to motor M F, and motor M F operates.
When stop button SB2 presses, whole control module power-off, start control device and stop power supply, motor M F shuts down.
Should be understood that, above-mentioned control module 10 can also have other circuit structures, as long as can realize at electric motor starting within Preset Time, controls the first contactor KM1 and obtains electric adhesive and the second contactor KM2 disconnects; After Preset Time reaches, control the first contactor KM1 to disconnect and the second contactor KM2 obtains the function of electric adhesive, these circuit structures all should in protection scope of the present invention.In addition, control module 10 can also adopt software program control realization above-mentioned functions, and the present invention is not restricted this.
Based on the startup control device of above-mentioned heavy load start of motor, the present invention is the corresponding startup control method providing a kind of startup control device based on above-mentioned heavy load start of motor also, and refer to Fig. 6, described startup control method comprises:
Control the first contactor when S100, electric motor starting and obtain electric adhesive and the second contactor disconnection, the starting-up later time that power supply is formed through switch, the first contactor makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors;
S200, Preset Time control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the first contactor disconnection when reaching, the operating loop that power supply is formed through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors.
It is to be appreciated that startup control method provided by the invention is the improvement to existing low-power machine heavy load starting method.Only have a current supply circuit in existing start-up circuit, big current when escaping electric motor starting smoothly to allow relevant electric motor protecting device and realize corresponding defencive function, selected device cost is very high.The present invention devises two current supply circuits---starting-up later time and operating loop.The startup control method adopted is: lower starting-up later time of controlling cost during electric motor starting is to feeding electric motors; (now big current disappears) controlling run loop power supply when Preset Time reaches; can cost be saved like this, big current during heavy load start of motor can be avoided again the impact of electric motor protecting device.
When receive cease and desist order time, control the first contactor and the second contactor disconnects simultaneously, can stop power supply and make motor out of service.
In order to ensure the safety in operation starting control device, when carrying out step S100 and S200, all to detect the operating state of thermal relay, stopping when judging thermal relay fault or disconnecting motor to run.
In sum, in the startup control device of heavy load start of motor provided by the invention and control method thereof, form starting-up later time by the first contactor, form operating loop by the second contactor, thermal relay; When electric motor starting by the first contactor of low cost to feeding electric motors; after Preset Time reaches by operating loop to feeding electric motors; to the interlocking design that the first contactor and the second contactor carry out mechanically; avoid short circuit; make starting-up later time and operating loop relatively independent and be independent of each other; big current when can avoid electric motor starting, to the impact of electric motor protecting device, can simplify circuit structure again, saves controlling cost of electric motor starting.
In addition; the switch started in control device adopts air switch to realize short-circuit protection; the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of the CLASS10 trip grade adopted can realize overload and the open-phase protection of motor; starting-up later time and operating loop all adopt lower-cost first contactor and the second contactor to automatically switch; the cost of these devices is lower, and the startup greatly reducing existing motor is controlled cost.
Be understandable that, for those of ordinary skills, can be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, and all these change or replace the protection range that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a startup control device for heavy load start of motor, is characterized in that, comprises the first contactor, the second contactor, thermal relay, switch, and for controlling the control module of the first contactor and the second contactor break-make; One end of described switch connects power supply and control module, and the other end of switch connects the input of the first contactor and the second contactor, and the output of the first contactor connects motor, and the output of the second contactor connects motor by thermal relay;
Described control module comprises midget relay, the time relay, start button and stop button; First normally opened contact of described midget relay is connected in parallel on the two ends of start button, one end of start button connects one end of coil of midget relay and one end of the coil of the time relay by stop button, one end of the contact of the other end of the coil of the other end connect hours relay of the coil of midget relay, power supply and thermal relay; The other end of the contact of thermal relay connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay successively by the normally-closed contact of the time relay, the coil of the first contactor, the normally-closed contact of the second contactor, the other end of the contact of thermal relay also connects one end of the second normally opened contact of midget relay successively by the normally opened contact of the time relay, the coil of the second contactor, the normally-closed contact of the first contactor, the other end of the second normally opened contact of described midget relay connects the other end of start button and one end of switch.
2. the startup control device of heavy load start of motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first contactor and the second contactor are A.C. contactor.
3. the startup control device of heavy load start of motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described switch is air switch.
4. the startup control device of heavy load start of motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thermal relay is the Thermomagnetic type thermal relay of CLASS10 trip grade.
5. the startup control device of heavy load start of motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described time relay is the on-delay formula time relay.
6. a startup control method for the startup control device of heavy load start of motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprising:
Control the first contactor when A, electric motor starting and obtain electric adhesive and the second contactor disconnection, the starting-up later time that power supply is formed through switch, the first contactor makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors;
B, Preset Time control the second contactor and obtain electric adhesive and the first contactor disconnection when reaching, the operating loop that power supply is formed through switch, the second contactor, thermal relay makes motor rotation to feeding electric motors.
7. startup control method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise step:
C, when receive cease and desist order time, control the first contactor and the second contactor and disconnect, stop power supply and make motor out of service.
8. startup control method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in steps A, B, also comprises and detecting the operating state of thermal relay, stops motor running when judging thermal relay fault or disconnecting.
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| CN201310511135.XA CN103532445B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof |
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| CN201310511135.XA CN103532445B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | A kind of startup control device of heavy load start of motor and control method thereof |
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| CN103532445B true CN103532445B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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| CN106907342A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 上海宝钢化工有限公司 | A kind of control device of the medium-sized heating furnace blower fan of driving |
| CN109768592B (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2021-07-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Integrated power supply unit of top sensitive part |
| CN115561629B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-09-01 | 中核检修有限公司 | Portable motor no-load test device |
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| JPS5935588A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1984-02-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Motor control system for ship |
| DE4237899A1 (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1993-05-13 | Peter Poeck | Local controller for electrical drive motors - has multi-phase supply with phases coupled to switching units and safety circuit to protect motor |
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Address after: 528313 Shunde City, Foshan province Chencun town machinery and equipment Park, No. ten, No. Road, No. 8 Applicant after: GUANGDONG SHENLING AIR-CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 528313 Shunde City, Foshan province Chencun town machinery and equipment Park, No. ten, No. Road, No. 8 Applicant before: Guangdong Shenling Air Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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