CN103532253A - Laser wireless energy transmission system - Google Patents

Laser wireless energy transmission system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103532253A
CN103532253A CN201310524728.XA CN201310524728A CN103532253A CN 103532253 A CN103532253 A CN 103532253A CN 201310524728 A CN201310524728 A CN 201310524728A CN 103532253 A CN103532253 A CN 103532253A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
energy
light
lens
receiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201310524728.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103532253B (en
Inventor
韩培德
邢宇鹏
娄世殊
李小将
李怡勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institute of Semiconductors of CAS
PLA Equipment College
Original Assignee
Institute of Semiconductors of CAS
PLA Equipment College
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute of Semiconductors of CAS, PLA Equipment College filed Critical Institute of Semiconductors of CAS
Priority to CN201310524728.XA priority Critical patent/CN103532253B/en
Publication of CN103532253A publication Critical patent/CN103532253A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103532253B publication Critical patent/CN103532253B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A laser wireless energy transmission system comprises a laser, a light uniforming device, a collimator, a laser energy receiver and a monitor, wherein the light uniforming device is located on an output light path of the laser; the collimator is located on an output light path of the light uniforming device; the laser energy receiver is located on an output light path of the collimator; and an input end of the monitor is connected with an output end of the laser energy receiver. By the aid of the laser wireless energy transmission system, remote wireless transmission of energy can be realized, and meanwhile, the system has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

Description

Laser radio delivery of energy system
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy field, relate in particular to a kind of laser radio delivery of energy system.
Background technology
Electric power has transported various ways, and modal is wired transporting, adopt metal wire by electric energy from first be transported to second ground; Also can adopt storage battery to carry, first charge second discharge; Can also be undertaken by the mode of wireless delivery of energy.Wireless delivery of energy has two kinds of forms, one microwave power transmission, and it two is laser delivery of energies, and two kinds of forms are to be all wave energy by electric energy conversion, and ripple aloft transmits, receives after arriving destination, then the process that is electric energy by wave energy conversion.Comparatively speaking, the Energy Transfer density of laser system is large, is 100 times of microwave system; Next good directionality, intensity is not limited, but can not under the many weather of atmosphere intrinsic fog great Yun, work.Contrary with it, microwave energy transfer system can be under the bad weather of endoatmosphere supply energy source, but microwave diversity is strong, thereby makes system reception antenna oversize, and is subject to atmospheric ionized layer to disturb its intensity limited.As can be seen here, as long as avoid rainy weather, or above the clouds, laser delivery of energy is exactly optimal selection.
Laser delivery of energy is often used for special occasions, as cannot stringing, cannot transport and need again between the two places of long-term power supply.Therefore, its market is less, but very important.
List of references:
[1] Hong Yanji, Venus, young pathbreaker Lee ,Dou will state, Li Qian etc., the academic monograph of " near space vehicle technology " equipment institute, National Defense Industry Press, January in 2012 the 1st edition.
[2] Xiong Shaozhen, Zhu Meifang, " solar cell basis and application ", chapter 5: silicon-based thin film solar cell, Science Press, front page, in October, 2009.
First be the homogeneity question of light intensity in hot spot.Conventionally best laser is all single mode, and light intensity presents Gaussian Profile, i.e. light intensity radius and weakening.Due to the difference of light intensity, the receiving efficiency of receiver can be greatly affected, if battery is series connection, the most weak a slice of light intensity of take is benchmark, and the electric current of whole receiver is minimum value.And if battery is in parallel, although electric current can superpose, the voltage of whole receiver is only 0.5V, electric current is very large, the difficulty of boosting.
Next is the collimation problem of laser beam.Along with the distance of the transmission of laser increases, conventional laser has the angle of divergence of 5 milliradians, and what after having transmitted a segment distance, hot spot can become is very large, and light intensity decreasing.For example, after 1000 meters of laser transmission, it is the great circle spot of 5 meters that laser facula can become radius.Therefore, laser beam divergence should be controlled in 0.5 milli arc.
The 3rd is the opto-electronic conversion problem under high power light intensity.Photovoltaic cell is with 1 sun light intensity (0.1W/cm at present<sup TranNum="68">2</sup>) shallow junction (<0.5 μ m) and wide the grid (>1mm that design for standard) structure.But when laser intensity rises to 100 times of (10W/cm<sup TranNum="69">2</sup>) or (the 100W/cm during sun light intensity of 1000 times<sup TranNum="70">2</sup>), photo-generated carrier becomes the increase of hundred times and thousand times, is gathered in battery top layer, and it is compound also increases considerably, and therefore, its efficiency can decline.Conventionally solar cell efficiency under 3 times of optically focused starts to decline.Therefore, want to overcome this difficulty, must redesign battery structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of laser radio delivery of energy system is provided, long distance wireless transmission that it can realize energy, have simultaneously simple in structure, the advantage that cost is low.
The invention provides a kind of laser radio delivery of energy system, comprising:
One laser;
One light uniforming device, it is positioned on the output light path of laser;
One collimater, it is positioned on the output light path of light uniforming device;
One laser energy receiver, it is positioned on the output light path of collimater;
One watch-dog, its input is connected with the output of laser energy receiver.
From technique scheme, can find out, the present invention has following beneficial effect.
1, utilize the present invention, can use multi-mode laser to carry out laser delivery of energy, also can use multi-mode laser to carry out laser delivery of energy, greatly reduce the cost of delivery of energy.
2, utilize the present invention, can make the even intensity of laser facula, thereby improve the efficiency of laser delivery of energy.
3, utilize the present invention, laser can be transported to farther distance, and laser facula changes not quite.
4, utilize the present invention, can make battery withstand the irradiation of high energy laser, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of laser energy receiver is not reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of light uniforming device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of collimater in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Refer to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the invention provides a kind of laser radio delivery of energy system, comprising:
One laser 11, the wavelength of described laser 11 is at visible and infrared band, from 0.5 micron to 12 microns;
One light uniforming device 12, it is positioned on the output light path of laser 11;
One collimater 13, it is positioned on the output light path of light uniforming device 12, described collimater 13 is single wavelength poly-lens combination, and it controls beam divergence angle, controls the laser spot size of destination a long way off, described collimater 13 comprises, one first lens 131, one second lens 132, this first lens 131 and the second lens 132 are positioned in same light path, these second lens 132 are positioned on a stepping motor slide rail 133, to regulate the distance with first lens 131;
One laser energy receiver 14, it is positioned on the output light path of collimater 13, described laser energy receiver 14 is the integrated of semiconductor photovoltaic cells and heat radiation and encapsulation, the material of this laser energy receiver 14 is silicon, indium gallium arsenic, gallium antimonide, tin lead or tellurium germanium, its band gap is between 1.1 to 0.1eV, corresponding wavelength is between 1.1-10 micron, described laser energy receiver 14 is for bearing the pn junction photovoltaic battery of preset power density, the gate electrode of photovoltaic cell is dense distribution, reach gate spacer below 1mm, with the photo-generated carriers of capturing more; The junction depth of photovoltaic cell is greater than 0.5 micron, to reduce the series resistance of battery, described laser energy receiver 14 is back of the body junction battery, its pn knot is at the back side of battery, and side to light is unobstructed, light-receiving area is maximized, described laser energy receiver 14 is vertical junction battery, its pn knot is perpendicular to side to light, and side to light is unobstructed, light-receiving area is maximized, string connection that described laser energy receiver 14 is a plurality of photovoltaic cells, to tackle, receiver boosts and the inhomogeneities of laser energy density;
One watch-dog 15, its input is connected with the output of laser energy receiver 14.
Adopt laser, light uniforming device, collimater, laser energy receiver and watch-dog to form laser radio delivery of energy system.Utilize the present invention, can by energy wirelessly from first transfer to second ground, thereby form wireless delivery of energy.
Adopt near infrared band,, from 0.5 micron to 12 microns, at this wave band, laser energy is less in space loss; Than the longer laser of 12 micron wave lengths, do not have.
Adopt light uniforming device, change laser intensity with the change profile of radius, while making to arrive laser energy receiver, light intensity is even, thereby improves the receiving efficiency of receiver.
Adopt single wavelength lens combination, control beam divergence angle, control the laser spot size of destination a long way off.
Adopt the photovoltaic cell corresponding with optical maser wavelength, the band gap width of battery is slightly less than the photon energy that wavelength is corresponding, and receiving efficiency is maximized.
Adopt the material that silicon, indium gallium arsenic, gallium antimonide, tinization lead, tellurium germanium are described laser energy receiver, its band gap is between 1.1 to 0.1eV, and corresponding wavelength is between 1.1-10 micron.
Employing can be born the pn junction photovoltaic battery of certain power density, and the gate electrode of photovoltaic cell is dense distribution, reaches gate spacer below 1mm, with the photo-generated carriers of capturing more; The junction depth of photovoltaic cell is greater than 0.5 micron, to reduce the series resistance of battery.
Adopting back of the body junction battery is laser energy receiver, and its pn knot is at the back side of battery, and side to light is unobstructed, and light-receiving area is maximized.
Adopting vertical junction battery is laser energy receiver, and its pn knot is perpendicular to side to light, and side to light is unobstructed, and light-receiving area is maximized.
Adopt the series and parallel connections of a plurality of photovoltaic cells, to form laser energy receiver.The series connection of photovoltaic cell is in order to increase output voltage, in parallel can resist inhomogeneous the caused receiving efficiency of laser energy density and reduce, and both are for organically combining.
Four, principle explanation
1, the uniformity of light intensity in hot spot
Utilize the optical diffraction characteristic of Laser output; utilize the total reflection characteristic of tapered wall to light, through ray tracing simulation, can show that the best of the even light of formation is tied tapered structure more; the laser intensity of single mode or multimode is evenly distributed after light uniforming device, but not Gaussian Profile.
2, the collimation of laser beam
Choose two lens, combination collimates.For optical maser wavelength, to its evaporation optical anti-reflective film, make the transmitance of single lens be greater than 95%, the transmitance of lens combination is greater than 90%.By the fine setting to two geometric lens relative positions, its collimation is greatly improved, can be lower than below 0.5.
3, the opto-electronic conversion under high power light intensity
Parallel junction battery: strengthen junction depth, encrypt grid line;
Back of the body junction battery: the area that strengthens side to light;
Vertical junction battery: reduce series resistance, increase output voltage.
Above embodiment only, for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, and every technological thought proposing according to the present invention, does any change of doing on basis, within all falling into protection range of the present invention in technical scheme.

Claims (9)

1. a laser radio delivery of energy system, comprising:
One laser;
One light uniforming device, it is positioned on the output light path of laser;
One collimater, it is positioned on the output light path of light uniforming device;
One laser energy receiver, it is positioned on the output light path of collimater;
One watch-dog, its input is connected with the output of laser energy receiver.
2. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 1, the wavelength of wherein said laser is at visible and infrared band, from 0.5 micron to 12 microns.
3. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 1, wherein said collimater is single wavelength poly-lens combination, and it controls beam divergence angle, and control laser is the spot size of destination a long way off.
4. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 3, wherein said collimater comprises, a first lens, one second lens, this first lens and the second lens are positioned in same light path, and these second lens are positioned on a stepping motor slide rail, to regulate the distance with first lens.
5. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 1, wherein said laser energy receiver is the integrated of semiconductor photovoltaic cells and heat radiation and encapsulation, the material of this laser energy receiver is silicon, indium gallium arsenic, gallium antimonide, tin lead or tellurium germanium, its band gap is between 1.1 to 0.1eV, and corresponding wavelength is between 1.1-10 micron.
6. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 5, wherein said laser energy receiver is the pn junction photovoltaic battery that bears preset power density, the gate electrode of photovoltaic cell is dense distribution, reaches gate spacer below 1mm, with the photo-generated carriers of capturing more; The junction depth of photovoltaic cell is greater than 0.5 micron, to reduce the series resistance of battery.
7. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 6, wherein said laser energy receiver is back of the body junction battery, its pn knot is at the back side of battery, and side to light is unobstructed, and light-receiving area is maximized.
8. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 7, wherein said laser energy receiver is vertical junction battery, its pn knot is perpendicular to side to light, and side to light is unobstructed, and light-receiving area is maximized.
9. laser radio delivery of energy system according to claim 8, the string that wherein said laser energy receiver is a plurality of photovoltaic cells connection, to tackle, receiver boosts and the inhomogeneities of laser energy density.
CN201310524728.XA 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 Laser radio energy output system Expired - Fee Related CN103532253B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310524728.XA CN103532253B (en) 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 Laser radio energy output system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310524728.XA CN103532253B (en) 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 Laser radio energy output system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103532253A true CN103532253A (en) 2014-01-22
CN103532253B CN103532253B (en) 2016-03-30

Family

ID=49934039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310524728.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103532253B (en) 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 Laser radio energy output system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103532253B (en)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104767471A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-07-08 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一三研究所 Laser wireless energy transmission efficient composite energy receiving device
CN105119327A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 潘跃兵 Low-power wireless charging device
CN105553125A (en) * 2015-09-11 2016-05-04 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 Wireless charging device, user terminal and wireless charging method
CN105772446A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-07-20 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 Cleaning device suitable for raw material of standard component and method of cleaning device
CN106340978A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-01-18 中国特种飞行器研究所 Long-distance wireless power transmission system
CN106741973A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-05-31 陈蓓 The aircraft power supply of superlaser is transmitted based on optical fiber
CN106785856A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 中国人民解放军装备学院 Laser delivery of energy opto-electronic conversion synergisting method based on photovoltaic cell arrays circuit optimization
CN106849381A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-06-13 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 A kind of wireless energy transfer emitter, Transmission system and transmission method
CN107104520A (en) * 2016-02-22 2017-08-29 晶元光电股份有限公司 Photoelectric conversion system
CN107305912A (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-31 北京空间技术研制试验中心 Spacecraft laser battery
CN107852039A (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-03-27 波音公司 System and method for carrying out from non-contact type energy transmission to mobile platform
CN107947393A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-04-20 南京理工大学 A kind of adaptive wavefront shaped laser charging system and its charging method
CN108494115A (en) * 2018-02-13 2018-09-04 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 A kind of laser radio energy-transfer device and method
CN109038866A (en) * 2018-07-03 2018-12-18 山东航天电子技术研究所 A kind of laser radio biography energy emitting-receiving system
CN110109224A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-09 深圳技术大学 Laser array wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN110109223A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-09 深圳技术大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN113036949A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-25 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 Laser energy supply device based on photocell
CN113300491A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-24 西安电子科技大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system capable of realizing multi-point access

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2203785Y (en) * 1994-12-16 1995-07-19 中国科学院半导体研究所 Homogeneous emission lasing source
CN1624520A (en) * 2004-12-15 2005-06-08 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Cone-shaped device for improving energy distribution of light beam
CN102314091A (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-11 上海微电子装备有限公司 Lithography machine capable of adjusting size of lighting spot of alignment system
CN102664469A (en) * 2012-04-28 2012-09-12 清华大学 Feedback type laser energy wireless transmission device
WO2013032954A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Joseph John R High speed free-space optical communications
CN103124108A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-29 天津大学 Method and device for transmitting energy wirelessly by coherent light

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2203785Y (en) * 1994-12-16 1995-07-19 中国科学院半导体研究所 Homogeneous emission lasing source
CN1624520A (en) * 2004-12-15 2005-06-08 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Cone-shaped device for improving energy distribution of light beam
CN102314091A (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-11 上海微电子装备有限公司 Lithography machine capable of adjusting size of lighting spot of alignment system
WO2013032954A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Joseph John R High speed free-space optical communications
CN102664469A (en) * 2012-04-28 2012-09-12 清华大学 Feedback type laser energy wireless transmission device
CN103124108A (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-29 天津大学 Method and device for transmitting energy wirelessly by coherent light

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104767471B (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-01-25 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一三研究所 Laser wireless energy transmission efficient composite energy receiving device
CN104767471A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-07-08 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一三研究所 Laser wireless energy transmission efficient composite energy receiving device
CN105119327A (en) * 2015-07-17 2015-12-02 潘跃兵 Low-power wireless charging device
CN105119327B (en) * 2015-07-17 2017-12-22 潘跃兵 A kind of low-power wireless charging device
CN107852039A (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-03-27 波音公司 System and method for carrying out from non-contact type energy transmission to mobile platform
CN105553125A (en) * 2015-09-11 2016-05-04 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 Wireless charging device, user terminal and wireless charging method
CN105553125B (en) * 2015-09-11 2018-07-24 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 Wireless charging device, user terminal and wireless charging method
CN106340978A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-01-18 中国特种飞行器研究所 Long-distance wireless power transmission system
CN107104520A (en) * 2016-02-22 2017-08-29 晶元光电股份有限公司 Photoelectric conversion system
CN107305912A (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-31 北京空间技术研制试验中心 Spacecraft laser battery
CN105772446A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-07-20 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 Cleaning device suitable for raw material of standard component and method of cleaning device
CN106785856A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 中国人民解放军装备学院 Laser delivery of energy opto-electronic conversion synergisting method based on photovoltaic cell arrays circuit optimization
CN106741973A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-05-31 陈蓓 The aircraft power supply of superlaser is transmitted based on optical fiber
CN106849381A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-06-13 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 A kind of wireless energy transfer emitter, Transmission system and transmission method
CN107947393A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-04-20 南京理工大学 A kind of adaptive wavefront shaped laser charging system and its charging method
CN107947393B (en) * 2017-11-13 2023-10-13 南京理工大学 Self-adaptive wave front shaping laser charging system and charging method thereof
CN108494115A (en) * 2018-02-13 2018-09-04 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 A kind of laser radio energy-transfer device and method
CN108494115B (en) * 2018-02-13 2020-08-28 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 Laser wireless energy transfer device and method
CN109038866A (en) * 2018-07-03 2018-12-18 山东航天电子技术研究所 A kind of laser radio biography energy emitting-receiving system
CN110109224A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-09 深圳技术大学 Laser array wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN110109223A (en) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-09 深圳技术大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN110109223B (en) * 2019-05-14 2024-04-26 深圳技术大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN113036949A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-25 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 Laser energy supply device based on photocell
CN113300491A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-24 西安电子科技大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system capable of realizing multi-point access
CN113300491B (en) * 2021-04-30 2024-04-16 西安电子科技大学 Laser wireless energy transmission system capable of realizing multi-point access

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103532253B (en) 2016-03-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103532253B (en) Laser radio energy output system
Algora et al. Beaming power: Photovoltaic laser power converters for power-by-light
CN103337542B (en) A kind of Laser-electrical energy converter
Martínez et al. 4-terminal CPV module capable of converting global normal irradiance into electricity
CN108649714B (en) Laser wireless energy transmission device and method
Zaidi et al. Electrical energy generated by amorphous silicon solar panels
Panchak et al. AlGaAs gradient waveguides for vertical p/n junction GaAs laser power converters
Khvostikov et al. Laser (λ= 809 nm) power converter based on GaAs
Fakidis et al. On the design of a free space optical link for small cell backhaul communication and power supply
US20070204899A1 (en) Photovoltaic cell a solar amplification device
Kosten et al. Limiting acceptance angle to maximize efficiency in solar cells
Xian-long et al. Improvements of PV receiver in laser wireless power transmission by non-imaging optics
CN204420845U (en) A kind of solar energy laser lamp
CN110109224A (en) Laser array wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
Pritchard et al. Solar power concentrators for space applications
Mykytyuk et al. Limitations on thickness of absorber layer in CdS/CdTe solar cells
CN106328748B (en) A kind of photovoltaic power conversion receiver
CN208316419U (en) A kind of laser radio energy transform device
CN205212776U (en) Photovoltaic conversion system
Soref et al. Directed high-energy infrared laser beams for photovoltaic generation of electric power at remote locations
CN204334457U (en) A kind of large tolerance Wireless power transmission light path assembles transmission system
US11296555B2 (en) Power transmission system, light output apparatus, and light receiving apparatus
CN209879067U (en) Laser array wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN209879068U (en) Laser wireless energy transmission system based on light guide plate
CN205282487U (en) Photovoltaic conversion system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20160330

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee