CN103530363B - The Semantic Web services of pay-as-you-go pattern finds method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses the semantic Web service finding method of pay as you go pattern, relate to semantic information retrieval, Web service calculates field, particularly relate to interpolation and the method for discovery of the Web service semantic information of pay as you go pattern: first, analyze Web service semantic information, progress growth Semantic mapping rule；Delayed evaluation Semantic mapping rule, the semantic tagger that Delay computing is relevant to rule is needed according to inquiry；Semantic tagger is added in service description model；Finally, carry out semantic query process and return Query Result.The present invention can reduce early stage construction cost, and can contribute to describing in time the semantic information of dynamic Web service according to the semantic query function of the next progressive enhancing system of the cost amount of follow-up input, improves Web service semanteme and finds efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to semantic information retrieval, Web service calculates field, specifically pay-as-you-go mould
The Semantic Web services of formula finds method.
Background technology
Semantic network technology can allow user share the knowledge of different field so that the integrated of semantic information more holds
Easily, existing body and ontology inference machine is used can be easier to find suitable Web service.In recent years,
Many researchers is devoted to combine semantic network technology and Web service technology to be sent out realizing Semantic Web Services
Existing.
At present, the semantic adding method in Web service field mainly has: 1) on WSDL
Mark semanteme, these marks are not virtual (virtual), do not support the Delay computing of semanteme；2) use
Body directly describes Web service information and background context knowledge thereof.The early stage of these methods is relatively costly, uses
Body marks substantial amounts of Web service accurately to be needed to spend bigger cost, by Web service and Ontology integration
And set up and safeguard that ontology library is also required to substantial amounts of work.It is to say, need based on semantic method in front
To carry out data, completely after semantic integration, effective semantic query to be provided.But, understand data
And the Semantic mapping of Erecting and improving is the work that part is very long, along with the change of Web service information, people need again
Web service to be redescribed and re-establish Semantic mapping.Therefore, current Web service semanteme interpolation side
Method is difficult to the dynamic change of reply Web service in time.Additionally, current semantic adding technique is difficult to reflection again
Miscellaneous semanteme, although body and query processing process to be combined higher accuracy rate, but query rewrite generation
Valency time complexity higher, inquiry is the highest.
In sum, the subject matter that the research of existing semantic Web service finding exists: semantic addition manner (nothing
Opinion be semantic service describe, or when query processing and the combination of body) need higher early stage be built into
This, and the time complexity of query processing is higher.The research of these forefathers is substantially followed
The pattern of pay-before-you-go, it may be assumed that before providing effective Web service discovery feature, needs consumption
Take higher early stage construction cost, carry out progressive enhancing not according to the cost amount put into and be supplied to looking into of user
Ask function.
The research relating to the interpolation of pay-as-you-go pattern semanteme at present mainly has iTrail technology, iTrail
Inquired about in source by coupling (matching), transition (transformation) and merging (merging)
Upper extension semanteme obtains new inquiry, thus progressive for the semanteme of lightweight is supplied to system.iTrail
Technology is difficult to the semanteme that reflection is complicated, and query rewrite cost is higher, and iTrail technology is not for semanteme
Web services finds and designs.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of semantic Web service finding side based on pay-as-you-go pattern
Method, it is possible to reduce early stage construction cost, and progressive enhancing system can be carried out according to the cost amount of follow-up input
Semantic query function.
Summary of the invention
The research and development purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of pay-as-you-go pattern
Semantic Web services find method so that: 1) realize pay-as-you-go pattern semantic Web service finding,
Support best-effort inquiry, it may be assumed that need not put into or put into early stage construction cost less, system is the most permissible
The simple functions such as similar keyword query are provided, the most perfect then as Web service information, system
The more complicated structuralized query of offer that can be progressive or semantic query function.2) dynamic Web is described in time
The semantic information of service, improves the efficiency that Web service semanteme finds.
The technical scheme is that
The Semantic Web services of pay-as-you-go pattern finds method, and operating procedure is as follows:
1) by automatically generating from Wordnet, machine learning, user feedback, the approach such as content of text excavation
Obtaining Web service semantic information, progress growth Semantic mapping rule, such as is-a, same-as.
2) when user inquires about, system needs delayed evaluation Semantic mapping rule, Delay computing according to inquiry
The semantic tagger relevant to rule.
Delayed evaluation method: when user inquires about, according to natural language analysis, keyword extraction method analysis
The search request of user, selects certain or some Semantic mapping of correlation maximum in Semantic mapping rule base
Rule.
Delay computing method: the Semantic mapping rule obtained according to delayed evaluation, system calls function
GetSemanticAnnotation () calculates and returns the content of semantic tagger.The form of semantic tagger is
The attribute-value of node to or limit.
Function getSemanticAnnotation (): read, resolve the Semantic mapping that delayed evaluation obtains
Rule, it is judged that rule is the most relevant to the attribute of SLSD model interior joint or node, if relevant to node,
Then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form of the attribute-value pair of node；If the attribute with node
Relevant, then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form on limit between node.
3) semantic tagger that Delay computing obtains is added in SLSD model, generate containing semantic information
SLSD ' model.
Adding method is as follows: internodal semantic association limit represents, the semanteme of nodal community is with the side expanded
Formula adds attribute-value centering to.
4) semantic query processes and returns Query Result.Owing to the mode of semantic tagger does not change SLSD's
Structure, therefore enquiry module need not extend especially and just can support semantic query, the most still looking into SLSD
Ask module SLSD ' is inquired about.
The method that this Web service semanteme adds makes enquiry module easily support, and best-effort inquires about.
Such as, enquiry module with the addition of the SLSD ' of semantic tagger by process, can support that semantic keywords is inquired about；
Web service based on semantic similarity finds to be achieved by the steps of: enquiry module Delay computing SLSD '
Service node collection that upper needs compare and information thereof, then calculated by semantic similarity function and used
The Web service node that family inquiry similarity is the highest, returns to user by result by after similarity descending.
Present invention advantage compared with the prior art has:
1. different from the semantic Web service finding method of current pay-before-you-go pattern, the present invention
Interpolation and the discovery of Web service semantic information is realized from the angle of pay-as-you-go pattern；Comparatively speaking,
The present invention more can describe the semantic information of dynamic Web service in time, improves the effect that Web service semanteme finds
Rate.
2. the pay-as-you-go pattern semanteme adding method of the present invention cannot only be applied to Web service and sends out
In Xian, it is also possible to be applied in data space and data the integration environment, also have higher for semantic query research
Reference reference value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention use flow process in semantic Web service finding.
Fig. 2 is pay-as-you-go pattern semantic Web service finding method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the WSDL document that may relate to when using of the present invention transformation process to SLSD model.
Detailed description of the invention
1. present invention use flow process in semantic Web service finding:
Present invention use flow process in semantic Web service finding is as shown in Figure 1.
First, ISP can directly use Web service descriptive model SLSD(Schema Later
Service Description) their service is described.The description process of Web service is exactly SLSD's
Building process.In addition it is also possible to automatically extracted by (partly) issued by ISP WSDL document,
Web service information in the data sources such as OWL-S document, UDDI generates SLSD, and these information on services include
The function of service describes, operates, inputs and output etc..Then, use pay-as-you-go pattern semantic
Web service finds method (present invention), supports the semantic keywords inquiry on SLSD, based on language
The functions such as the service discovery of justice similarity.Finally, the semantic discovery that service requester can be provided by system
Function searches the Web service of needs.
SLSD is defined as follows:
Web service describes with figure G:=(N, E), and wherein N is the set { N of node1,…,Nk, often
One node NiOne sequence properties-value to set Ni={(A1 i,V1 i),…(An i,Vn i), wherein A1 i,…,
An iFor sequence of attributes, V1 i,…,Vn iFor corresponding value sequence, in value can be one group of vocabulary or one section of text
Hold, and the sequence of attributes of different node can be different.E is limit (Ni,Nj, L) set, wherein Ni,Nj∈ N,
I ≠ j, L are the labels on limit, and L can be null value.
The basic skills describing Web service with SLSD is: Web service is regarded as the node (attribute of node
-value is to describing the information such as the input of Web service, output), it is internal or different that E describes same Web service
Relation between Web service.SLSD is the model of pole loose structure, it is not required that map the data into specific
Schema, its laxity is mainly manifested in: the node in SLSD can have different attributes, even retouching
The sequence of attributes of the node stating similar entity can also be different；E can represent arbitrary relation between node, when
Relation exists but time specifically which kind of relation is uncertain, and L is null value, the most there is not relation when between node
Time,。
Particularly point out: the present invention is not only applicable to SLSD data model, be also applied for other Web current
Service description model, the concrete conversion regime of model is shown in the explanation of Section 3.But, it is proposed that use
The schema-later data model of this model of SLSD or similar describes Web service, because this is a kind of
The Web service of pay-as-you-go pattern describes method, it is possible to preferably realize pay-as-you-go mould
Formula semantic Web service finding.
2. being embodied as of the present invention
Pay-as-you-go pattern semantic Web service finding method of the present invention is implemented as in figure 2 it is shown, main
Found (to relate to step by the interpolation (relating to step S1-4) of Web service semantic information, Web service semanteme
S5) two parts composition.Each step is described as follows:
Step S1: automatically generated by Wordnet, machine learning, user feedback, content of text excavation etc.
Number of ways obtains Web service semantic information, analyze obtain the synonym of these Web service information, nearly justice,
The semantemes such as antisense, overall situation local, progress growth Semantic mapping rule from simple to complex.Semantic mapping rule
Shape is such as: A is-a B(reflection A is the member of B)；The synonymy of A same-as B(reflection A, B)
Deng.
Step S2: when user inquires about, analyzes user's according to natural language analysis, keyword extraction method
Search request, selects certain or some Semantic mapping rule that dependency is big in Semantic mapping rule base, and
Just these Semantic mapping rules are given evaluation (mark or sort) according to dependency.
Step S3: according to inquiry needs, the semantic tagger that Delay computing is relevant to Semantic mapping rule.
Delay computing method: the Semantic mapping rule obtained according to delayed evaluation, system calls function
GetSemanticAnnotation () calculates and returns the content of semantic tagger.The form of semantic tagger is
The attribute-value of node to or limit.
Function getSemanticAnnotation (): read, resolve the Semantic mapping that delayed evaluation obtains
Rule, it is judged that rule is the most relevant to the attribute of SLSD model interior joint or node, if relevant to node,
Then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form of the attribute-value pair of node；If the attribute with node
Relevant, then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form on limit between node.
Step S4: the semantic tagger obtained by Delay computing adds in SLSD model, generates containing semanteme letter
(arrow shown see runic in figure and attribute-value are to (A for the SLSD ' model of breathk 1,Vk 1)).
Adding method is as follows: internodal semantic association limit represents, the semanteme of nodal community is with the side expanded
Formula adds attribute-value centering to.
Step S5: semantic query processes and returns Query Result.Owing to the mode of semantic tagger does not change
The structure of SLSD, therefore enquiry module need not extend especially and just can support semantic query, the most still uses SLSD
Enquiry module SLSD ' is inquired about.
The method that this Web service semanteme adds makes enquiry module easily support, and best-effort inquires about.
Such as, enquiry module with the addition of the SLSD ' of semantic tagger by process, can support that semantic keywords is inquired about；
Web service based on semantic similarity finds to be achieved by the steps of: enquiry module Delay computing SLSD '
Service node collection that upper needs compare and information thereof, then calculated by semantic similarity function and used
The Web service node that family inquiry similarity is the highest, returns to user by result by after similarity descending.
3. the document transformation process that the present invention may relate to when using:
The WSDL document that may relate to when the present invention uses to SLSD model transformation process as shown in Figure 3.
It should be noted that: for other Web service descriptive models of non-SLSD, all can be by this model
Be converted to SLSD model, and then support the pay-as-you-go pattern semantic Web service finding on this model.
WSDL(Web Services Description Language by conventional) as a example by model, transformation process
Seeing Fig. 3, in figure, the left side is WSDL document, and the right is the SLSD model that conversion is formed, and conversion method is as follows:
1) element of WSDL is converted to the node of SLSD model
Such as, WSDL element " message " (getTermRequest and getTermResponse),
" porttype " (glossaryTerms) is respectively converted into the node " 1 ", " 2 " and " 3 " of SLSD model；
2) Content Transformation of element is the attribute-value pair of node
The node that Content Transformation is SLSD model " 1 " such as element " message " (getTermRequest)
Attribute-value to { (messagename, " getTermRequest "), (partname, " term ") ... }；Unit
The attribute of the node that Content Transformation is SLSD model " 2 " of element " message " (getTermResponse)-
Value is to { (messagename, " getTermResponse "), (partname, " value ") ... }；Element
The attribute-value of the node that Content Transformation is SLSD model " 3 " of " porttype " (glossaryTerms)
To { (portTypename, " glossaryTerms "), (operationname, " getTerm ") ... }；
3) directed edge of the relation SLSD model between element represents.
Other model ways are similar to, and this is slightly.
Claims (1)
- The Semantic Web services of 1.pay-as-you-go pattern finds method, it is characterised in that operation step Rapid as follows:1) automatically generated by Wordnet, machine learning, user feedback, the approach such as content of text excavation obtain To Web service semantic information, progress growth Semantic mapping rule, such as is-a, same-as；2) when user inquires about, system needs delayed evaluation Semantic mapping rule, Delay computing according to inquiry The semantic tagger relevant to rule；Delayed evaluation method: when user inquires about, according to natural language analysis, keyword extraction method analysis The search request of user, selects certain or some Semantic mapping of correlation maximum in Semantic mapping rule base Rule；Delay computing method: the Semantic mapping rule obtained according to delayed evaluation, system calls function GetSemanticAnnotation () calculates and returns the content of semantic tagger, and the form of semantic tagger is The attribute-value of node to or limit；Function getSemanticAnnotation (): read, resolve the Semantic mapping that delayed evaluation obtains Rule, it is judged that rule is the most relevant to the attribute of SLSD model interior joint or node, if relevant to node, Then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form of the attribute-value pair of node；If the attribute with node Relevant, then calculate the content of semantic tagger, return with the form on limit between node；3) semantic tagger that Delay computing obtains is added in SLSD model, generate containing semantic information SLSD ' model；Adding method is as follows: internodal semantic association limit represents, the semanteme of nodal community is with the side expanded Formula adds attribute-value centering to；4) semantic query processes and returns Query Result；Owing to the mode of semantic tagger does not change SLSD's Structure, therefore enquiry module need not extend especially and just can support semantic query, the most still looking into SLSD Ask module SLSD ' is inquired about；Enquiry module with the addition of the SLSD ' of semantic tagger by process, permissible Support semantic keywords is inquired about；Web service based on semantic similarity finds to be achieved by the steps of: enquiry module Delay computing Need service node collection and the information thereof compared on SLSD ', then calculated by semantic similarity function Go out and inquire about, with user, the Web service node that similarity is the highest, result is returned to as after similarity descending User.
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| CN101567005A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2009-10-28 | 浙江大学 | Semantic service registration and query method based on WordNet |
| CN101853314A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-10-06 | 上海交通大学 | Automatic generating system for semantic Web service |
| US8326856B2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2012-12-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus of automatic method signature adaptation for dynamic web service invocation |
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| US8326856B2 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2012-12-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus of automatic method signature adaptation for dynamic web service invocation |
| CN101567005A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2009-10-28 | 浙江大学 | Semantic service registration and query method based on WordNet |
| CN101853314A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-10-06 | 上海交通大学 | Automatic generating system for semantic Web service |
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