CN103529487A - A method for judging the charging time of mantle source CO2 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于石油与天然气地质领域,具体涉及一种幔源CO2充注时间的判别方法。The invention belongs to the field of petroleum and natural gas geology, and in particular relates to a method for discriminating the charging time of mantle source CO2 .
背景技术Background technique
沉积盆地中幔源CO2的充注时间是进行CO2-砂岩相互作用以及CO2-原油相互作用研究的基础。世界上绝大多数CO2气(藏)田的形成与岩浆活动有关,并且,CO2气(藏)田和与其有成因联系的火山岩大都在空间上邻近或具有输运通道沟通,前者如美国科罗拉多高原上的9个正在开发或废弃的CO2气田(非专利文献1)、渤海湾盆地的花17、阳25气藏和高青气田(非专利文献2),后者如渤海湾盆地的平方王气藏和平南气藏(非专利文献3)。中国东部目前发现的具有商业价值的无机CO2气田都属于幔源-岩浆成因(非专利文献4),如松辽盆地南部万金塔CO2气藏、北部的昌德东气藏、渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷平方王CO2气藏、苏北盆地的黄桥CO2气藏和三水盆地CO2气藏等。这些幔源-岩浆CO2气藏(苗)的分布与9条晚第三纪至第四纪北西西向玄武岩浆活动带展布相一致(非专利文献5),如济阳坳陷CO2气藏主要分布在新生代火山岩发育的阳信地区和高青、平南、花沟一带;黄骅坳陷CO2气藏分布于新生代玄武岩发育的翟庄子、友爱村、大中旺和齐家务地区(非专利文献6);松辽盆地万金塔地区万5井钻遇累计厚度为937m的火山岩;海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷CO2气藏附近的铜1井钻遇燕山期花岗岩,苏8、苏3、苏16等高产CO2的井也钻遇粗面岩和凝灰岩等火山岩;而无机CO2气苗发育的长白山天池和五大连池就座落在火山口上(非专利文献7)。以上事实说明火山岩与无机成因CO2气藏(苗)的分布关系密切,是幔源CO2气藏的气源岩。The charging time of mantle-derived CO 2 in sedimentary basins is the basis for the study of CO 2 -sandstone interaction and CO 2 -oil interaction. The formation of most CO 2 gas (reservoirs) fields in the world is related to magmatic activities, and most of the CO 2 gas (reservoirs) fields and volcanic rocks related to them are spatially adjacent or communicated with transport channels. 9 CO2 gas fields under development or abandoned on the Colorado Plateau (Non-Patent Document 1), the Hua 17 and Yang 25 gas pools in the Bohai Bay Basin and the Gaoqing Gas Field (Non-Patent Document 2), the latter such as the Bohai Bay Basin Pingfangwang Gas Reservoir and Pingnan Gas Reservoir (Non-Patent Document 3). The commercially valuable inorganic CO 2 gas fields discovered in eastern China are all of mantle-magmatic origin (Non-Patent Document 4), such as the Wanjinta CO 2 gas reservoir in the southern Songliao Basin, the Changdedong gas reservoir in the north, and the Bohai Bay gas reservoir. The Pingfangwang CO 2 gas reservoir in the Jiyang Depression, the Huangqiao CO 2 gas reservoir in the Subei Basin, and the CO 2 gas reservoir in the Sanshui Basin, etc. The distribution of these mantle-magmatic CO 2 gas pools (seedlings) is consistent with the distribution of nine Late Tertiary to Quaternary NWW trending basaltic magmatic activity zones (Non-Patent Document 5), such as the CO 2 gas reservoirs in the Jiyang Depression The reservoirs are mainly distributed in the Yangxin area where Cenozoic volcanic rocks are developed, and the Gaoqing, Pingnan, and Huagou areas; the CO 2 gas pools in the Huanghua Depression are distributed in Zhaizhuangzi, Youaicun, Dazhongwang, and Qijiawu areas where Cenozoic basalts are developed (Non-Patent Document 6); Well Wan 5 in the Wanjinta area of the Songliao Basin encountered volcanic rocks with a cumulative thickness of 937m; Well Tong 1 near the CO2 gas reservoir in the Wuerxun Sag in the Hailaer Basin encountered Yanshanian granites, and Su 8, High-yield CO2 wells such as Su 3 and Su16 also encountered volcanic rocks such as trachyte and tuff; and Changbaishan Tianchi and Wudalianchi, where inorganic CO2 gas seedlings developed, are located on the craters (Non-Patent Document 7). The above facts show that volcanic rocks are closely related to the distribution of inorganic-origin CO 2 gas reservoirs (seedlings), and are the gas source rocks of mantle-derived CO 2 gas reservoirs.
基于这一认识,一些研究者将与CO2有成因联系的火山岩的喷发年龄视为CO2气藏的充注时间,例如,美国科罗拉多高原的Bravo穹窿CO2气田的充注时间为(10~8ka),McElmo穹窿CO2气田的充注时间为70~42Ma(非专利文献1);澳大利亚Otway盆地Ladbroke Grove天然气田(CO2含量为26~57mol%)的充注时间为1Ma~4500a(非专利文献8)。该方法是目前CO2气藏充注时间的主要判别方法。Based on this understanding, some researchers regard the eruption age of volcanic rocks that are genetically related to CO 2 as the charging time of CO 2 gas reservoirs. 8ka), the charging time of the McElmo dome CO 2 gas field is 70-42 Ma (non-patent literature 1); the charging time of the Ladbroke Grove gas field (CO 2 Patent Document 8). This method is currently the main method for judging the charging time of CO 2 gas reservoirs.
上述方法通俗易懂,应用简单,是国内外学者普遍采用的一个方法。但当盆地及周边有多期火山活动和流体充注时,简单援引火山喷发年龄不能真正确定幔源CO2的充注时间,如松辽盆地南部中浅层曾发生过两期油气充注事件,其充注时间分别为85~65Ma和50~25Ma(非专利文献9);松辽盆地内部及周边地区发生了分别以晚白垩世大屯火山群(92.3Ma)、古近纪双辽火山群(51.0~41.6Ma)(非专利文献10)和第四纪五大连池火山群(0.56~0.27Ma、1719-1721a和1721a)(非专利文献11)为代表的三期火山活动。因此,必须另辟蹊径,寻找一种间接的、有效的确定幔源CO2充注时间的途径。The above method is easy to understand and easy to apply, and it is a method commonly used by scholars at home and abroad. However, when there are multiple periods of volcanic activity and fluid charging in the basin and its surroundings, simply citing the age of the volcanic eruption cannot really determine the charging time of mantle-sourced CO 2 . , and their charging times were 85-65Ma and 50-25Ma respectively (Non-Patent Document 9); the Datun Volcanic Group (92.3Ma) in the Late Cretaceous and the Shuangliao Volcanic Group in the Paleogene occurred in and around the Songliao Basin respectively. Group (51.0-41.6Ma) (Non-Patent Document 10) and the Quaternary Wudalianchi Volcanic Group (0.56-0.27Ma, 1719-1721a and 1721a) (Non-Patent Document 11) represented three phases of volcanic activity. Therefore, it is necessary to find another way to find an indirect and effective way to determine the charging time of mantle-sourced CO 2 .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的问题是地层中发生过多期油气充注事件时,如何有效的确定幔源CO2充注时间。The problem to be solved by the present invention is how to effectively determine the charging time of mantle-sourced CO 2 when multiple stages of oil and gas charging events occur in the formation.
本发明借助CO2的“示踪矿物”—片钠铝石来解决这个难题,重点查明了片钠铝石记录的CO2成因及充注时间。The present invention solves this difficult problem with the help of the "trace mineral" of dawsonite - dawsonite, and focuses on finding out the cause of formation and charging time of dawsonite recorded by dawsonite.
本发明的具体步骤包括:Concrete steps of the present invention include:
1、建立含片钠铝石砂岩的成岩共生序列:采用偏光显微镜、碳酸盐矿物染色、砂岩中﹤2μm部分的X-射线衍射分析、JSM-6700型扫描电子显微镜、CL8200MK3&4型光学阴极发光台、图像分析软件等分析测试方法,确定砂岩骨架成分的分类和含量,确定胶结物与自生矿物的类型与含量,确定成岩作用类型之间的相互关系,识别出CO2充注前和CO2充注后的成岩共生组合,进而建立含片钠铝石砂岩的成岩共生序列。1. Establish the diagenetic paragenesis sequence of dawsonite-containing sandstone: using polarizing microscope, carbonate mineral staining, X-ray diffraction analysis of the part of the sandstone <2μm, JSM-6700 scanning electron microscope, CL8200MK3&4 optical cathodoluminescence station , image analysis software and other analysis and testing methods, to determine the classification and content of sandstone framework components, to determine the type and content of cement and authigenic minerals, to determine the relationship between diagenesis types, to identify the pre-CO 2 charging and CO 2 charging The post-injection diagenetic paragenesis assemblage established the diagenetic paragenesis sequence of the dawsonite-bearing sandstone.
2、片钠铝石的成因判别:利用偏光显微镜或扫描电镜找出与片钠铝石共生的矿物,然后对片钠铝石进行碳氧同位素分析,所述碳氧同位素分析是采用单矿物质谱分析法或激光探针质谱分析法,将方解石-CO2的分馏系数作为相当于同温度下片钠铝石-CO2的分馏系数计算出与片钠铝石平衡的CO2气的碳同位素值之后,利用有机或无机CO2判别图版(参见图1)方法,判别与片钠铝石平衡的CO2气的成因,即片钠铝石的成因。2. Discrimination of the origin of dawsonite: use a polarizing microscope or a scanning electron microscope to find out the minerals associated with dawsonite, and then conduct a carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of the dawsonite. The carbon and oxygen isotope analysis uses a single mineral spectrum Analytical method or laser probe mass spectrometry, using the fractionation coefficient of calcite- CO2 as equivalent to the fractionation coefficient of dawsonite- CO2 at the same temperature to calculate the carbon isotope value of CO2 gas in equilibrium with dawsonite After that, use the organic or inorganic CO2 discriminant chart (see Figure 1) method to discriminate the origin of CO2 gas in equilibrium with dawsonite, that is, the origin of dawsonite.
3、确定幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系:判定片钠铝石为无机成因,即与片钠铝石平衡的CO2气为幔源CO2之后,以含油CO2气藏和油藏中含片钠铝石砂岩为研究对象,以偏光显微镜和荧光显微镜为主要手段,进行如下的观察和分析:(1)利用偏光显微镜,以示踪CO2充注的片钠铝石为标志,在成岩共生序列中识别出CO2充注前和CO2充注后的成岩共生组合;(2)利用偏光显微镜、荧光显微镜,在CO2充注前和CO2充注后形成的自生矿物中及愈合裂缝中寻找油气包裹体、粒间油迹及沥青;(3)在上述观察的基础上综合确定CO2与石油充注的先后次序,即如果在CO2充注前形成的自生矿物中及愈合裂缝中找到油气包裹体、粒间油迹及沥青的话,油气充注在先;反之亦然。3. Determine the temporal relationship between mantle-derived CO 2 and oil and gas charging: after determining that dawsonite is of inorganic origin, that is, after the CO 2 gas in equilibrium with dawsonite is mantle-derived CO 2 , oil-bearing CO 2 gas reservoirs and oil-gas The dawsonite-bearing sandstone in central Tibet was taken as the research object, and the following observations and analyzes were carried out by using polarizing microscope and fluorescence microscope as the main means: (1) using polarizing microscope to trace the dawsonite charged with CO 2 as a symbol , the diagenetic paragenesis assemblage before and after CO 2 charging was identified in the diagenetic paragenesis sequence; ( 2) Using polarizing microscope and fluorescence microscope, the authigenic minerals formed before and after CO 2 charging (3) On the basis of the above observations, comprehensively determine the sequence of CO 2 and oil charging, that is, if the authigenic minerals formed before CO 2 charging If oil and gas inclusions, intergranular oil stains, and bitumen are found in neutralized and healed fractures, the oil and gas charge first; and vice versa.
4、不同类型含片钠铝石砂岩中的石油充注时间的判别:(1)含油CO2气藏含片钠铝石砂岩中石油充注时间,首先,利用THMS600和TS1500型冷热台测定含油CO2气藏中的盐水包裹体(与油气包裹体共生的)的均一温度;然后,根据峰值均一温度确定油气充注的期次;最后,结合埋藏史和热演化史曲线确定各期次石油的充注时间。(2)油藏含片钠铝石砂岩中的石油充注时间,根据油藏中的自生伊利石K/Ar年龄测定数据,确定石油的充注时间。4. Discrimination of oil charging time in different types of dawsonite-bearing sandstones: (1) Oil charging time in dawsonite-bearing sandstones in oil-bearing CO 2 gas reservoirs. First, use THMS600 and TS1500 cold and hot stations to measure oil-bearing The homogeneous temperature of brine inclusions (paragenetic with oil and gas inclusions) in CO 2 gas reservoirs; then, determine the stages of oil and gas charging according to the peak homogeneous temperature; finally, combine the burial history and thermal evolution history curves to determine the oil and gas charging stages of each stage. filling time. (2) The oil charging time in the dawsonite-containing sandstone of the oil reservoir is determined according to the K/Ar age determination data of the authigenic illite in the oil reservoir.
5、幔源CO2充注时间的判别:根据片钠铝石在成岩共生序列中的位置,结合该成岩共生序列中的油气充注时间,可确定幔源CO2充注的年龄范围。(1)一期油气充注时CO2充注时间的判别:首先,根据油藏中的自生伊利石K/Ar年龄测定数据,确定石油的充注时间;然后,确定幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系,约束幔源CO2充注的上、下限时间(幔源CO2充注晚于油气充注,此年龄数据即为下限时间;反之为上限时间);最后,结合露头及钻井火山岩年龄数据,确定幔源CO2充注的合适年龄。(2)多期油气充注时CO2充注时间的判别:首先利用流体包裹体均一温度,确定油气充注的期次;然后,根据片钠铝石在成岩共生序列中的位置,确定幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系;最后,根据石油充注时间确定幔源CO2充注的年龄范围。(3)与油气充注准同时的CO2充注时间的判别:根据共生序列及流体包裹体分析,如果确认幔源CO2充注时间与某期油气充注准同时的话,利用伊利石K/Ar定年或流体包裹体均一温度综合分析(结合埋藏史和热史)得出的该期油气充注时间即为幔源CO2充注时间。5. Discrimination of mantle-derived CO 2 charging time: According to the position of dawsonite in the diagenetic paragenesis sequence, combined with the oil and gas charging time in the diagenetic paragenesis sequence, the age range of mantle-derived CO 2 charging can be determined. (1) Discrimination of CO 2 charging time during the first phase of oil and gas charging: first, determine the oil charging time according to the K/Ar age determination data of authigenic illite in the reservoir; The timing relationship of mantle-sourced CO 2 charging constrains the upper and lower limit times of mantle-sourced CO 2 charging (mantle-sourced CO 2 charging is later than oil and gas charging, and this age data is the lower limit time; otherwise, it is the upper limit time); finally, combining outcrop and Drilling volcanic rock age data to determine the appropriate age for mantle-derived CO2 charging. (2) Discrimination of CO 2 charging time during multi-stage oil and gas charging: firstly, use the uniform temperature of fluid inclusions to determine the stages of oil and gas charging; then, according to the position of dawsonite in the diagenetic paragenesis sequence, determine the mantle The timing relationship between source CO 2 and hydrocarbon charging; finally, the age range of mantle source CO 2 charging is determined according to the oil charging time. (3) Discrimination of the timing of CO 2 charging quasi-simultaneously with oil and gas charging: According to the co-occurrence sequence and fluid inclusion analysis, if it is confirmed that the mantle-sourced CO 2 charging time is quasi-simultaneous with the The mantle-sourced CO 2 charging time obtained from Ar/Ar dating or comprehensive analysis of fluid inclusion homogeneity temperature (combined with burial history and thermal history) is the mantle-sourced CO 2 charging time.
所述碳氧同位素分析中的单矿物质谱分析法是:对于片钠铝石含量高的样品,采用物理分离方法获取片钠铝石单矿物进行碳氧同位素分析。根据片钠铝石比重比硅酸盐矿物和其他碳酸盐矿物低的特点,首先将含片钠铝石砂岩粉碎、轻度研磨;然后,利用重液分离技术获取片钠铝石单矿物,最后,利用X-射线衍射分析检验片钠铝石的纯度。The single mineral spectrum analysis method in the carbon and oxygen isotope analysis is: for a sample with high dawsonite content, a physical separation method is used to obtain the dawsonite single mineral for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis. According to the characteristic that the dawsonite specific gravity is lower than that of silicate minerals and other carbonate minerals, the dawsonite-containing sandstone is first crushed and lightly ground; then, the dawsonite single mineral is obtained by using heavy liquid separation technology, Finally, the purity of dawsonite was checked by X-ray diffraction analysis.
所述碳氧同位素分析中的激光探针质谱分析法是:对于片钠铝石含量较低的样品,将采用“激光探针质谱分析法”进行测定。在显微镜下,利用激光束加热目的碳酸盐矿物,使其分解出CO2气体。将获得的CO2气体经真空冷冻提纯净化后送质谱仪(MAT251/MAT252等)微进样系统测试其碳氧同位素。其最大优点是,具有较高的空间分辨率。The laser probe mass spectrometry method in the carbon and oxygen isotope analysis is: for samples with low dawsonite content, the "laser probe mass spectrometry method" will be used for determination. Under a microscope, a laser beam is used to heat the carbonate mineral of interest, causing it to decompose into CO2 gas. The obtained CO 2 gas is purified and purified by vacuum freezing, and then sent to a mass spectrometer (MAT251/MAT252, etc.) micro-sampling system to test its carbon and oxygen isotopes. Its biggest advantage is that it has a high spatial resolution.
所述片钠铝石-CO2的分馏系数计算是采用如下方程进行计算:The calculation of the fractionation coefficient of the dawsonite- CO is to use the following equation to calculate:
本发明的矿物定年法较常规的源岩定年法有以下优点:The mineral dating method of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the conventional source rock dating method:
(1)本发明的方法应用更广。幔源CO2源岩定年法适用于CO2气藏发育区仅有一期火山活动,或者有多期火山火山活动但能够断裂等运移通道的限制,判定哪一期火山活动与CO2气藏的形成有直接关系。而幔源CO2矿物定年法摆脱了上述限制,为有多期火山活动和流体充注的含油气盆地中幔源CO2充注时间的判定提供了有效方法。(1) The method of the present invention has wider application. The mantle-derived CO 2 source rock dating method is suitable for CO 2 gas reservoir development areas where there is only one phase of volcanic activity, or there are multiple phases of volcanic activity but can be fractured and other migration channels, to determine which phase of volcanic activity is related to CO 2 gas pools formation is directly related. The mantle-derived CO 2 mineral dating method gets rid of the above limitations, and provides an effective method for judging the charging time of mantle-derived CO 2 in oil-gas-bearing basins with multiple periods of volcanic activity and fluid charging.
(2)本发明的方法精度更高。幔源CO2源岩定年法是以与CO2气藏有成因联系的火山岩年龄为其充注时间,该火山岩年龄数据与幔源CO2充注时间可以完全一致(同期快速成藏),也可能相差较大(后期多次成藏)。而幔源CO2矿物定年法通过幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系,借助石油充注时间来判别幔源CO2的充注时间,误差小、精度高。(2) The method of the present invention has higher precision. The mantle - derived CO 2 source rock dating method is based on the age of the volcanic rock that is genetically related to the CO 2 gas reservoir as its charging time. There may be a large difference (multiple accumulations in the later stage). However, the mantle-derived CO 2 mineral dating method uses the temporal relationship between mantle-derived CO 2 and oil and gas charging, and uses oil charging time to judge the charging time of mantle-derived CO 2 , with small error and high accuracy.
附图说明:Description of drawings:
图1:有机或无机CO2判别图版Figure 1: Discrimination chart for organic or inorganic CO2
图2:松辽盆地南部形成片钠铝石的CO2成因判别图Figure 2: Discriminant diagram of the CO 2 origin of dawsonite formation in the southern Songliao Basin
具体实施方式:Detailed ways:
下面实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
下面通过幔源CO2充注时间的矿物定年法在松辽盆地南部的应用来进一步的说明。The following is a further explanation through the application of the mineral dating method of mantle-derived CO 2 charging time in the southern Songliao Basin.
1、确定含片钠铝石砂岩的成岩共生序列1. Determine the diagenetic paragenesis sequence of dawsonite-bearing sandstone
在松辽盆地南部,片钠铝石自生矿物主要分布于华字井阶地和扶新隆起的泉头组四段、长岭凹陷的青山口组三段和红岗阶地的青山口组-姚家组及嫩江组三段砂岩中。含片钠铝石砂岩的岩石类型主要为长石砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩及岩屑长石砂岩。偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察表明,CO2充注后形成的自生矿物组合主要为片钠铝石、铁白云石以及晚期方解石。除了以自生矿物形式产出外,在扶新隆起,片钠铝石也分布于砂岩裂缝中。在裂缝中,片钠铝石呈半充填状,裂缝局部见有石油浸染现象。In the southern Songliao Basin, dawsonite authigenic minerals are mainly distributed in the Huazijing Terrace and the fourth member of the Quantou Formation in the Fuxin Uplift, the third member of the Qingshankou Formation in the Changling Sag, and the Qingshankou Formation-Yaojia Formation in the Honggang Terrace and in the sandstone of the third member of the Nenjiang Formation. The rock types of dawsonite-bearing sandstone are mainly feldspar sandstone, feldspathic lithic sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone. Polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope observations show that the authigenic mineral assemblages formed after CO 2 charging are mainly dawsonite, anodolomite and late calcite. In addition to being produced as authigenic minerals, dawsonite is also distributed in sandstone fractures in the Fuxin uplift. In the cracks, the dawsonite is half-filled, and the cracks are partially stained with oil.
2、片钠铝石的成因判别2. Identification of the cause of dawsonite
利用偏光显微镜或扫描电镜找出与片钠铝石共生的矿物,然后对片钠铝石进行碳氧同位素分析,发现华字井阶地、长岭凹陷和红岗阶地砂岩中片钠铝石的δ13C分布范围为-5.30‰~3.29‰(PDB),其中82.8%的数据分布于-2‰~2‰(PDB)区间;δ18O的分布范围较宽,为8.95‰~21.04‰(SMOW)。总体上,以样品分布广、δ13C数据分布集中为特征。根据片钠铝石-CO2的分馏系数计算方程表明与片钠铝石平衡的δ13CCO2的范围为-11.7‰~-4.2‰。进一步分析发现,松辽盆地的CO2以无机成因为主,其δ13C CO2介于-2‰~-10‰,平均值为-5‰左右,为幔源-岩浆成因。按照此标准,松辽盆地南部的片钠铝石主要(89.6%)形成于无机CO2背景,少量(10.4%)形成于有机CO2背景(参见图2)。说明松辽盆地南部引起片钠铝石形成的CO2和气藏中的CO2具有相同的碳来源,均为幔源-岩浆成因。Using a polarizing microscope or scanning electron microscope to find out the minerals associated with dawsonite, and then analyze the carbon and oxygen isotopes of dawsonite, and found that the δ 13 of dawsonite in the sandstones of Huazijing terrace, Changling depression and Honggang terrace The distribution range of C is -5.30‰~3.29‰(PDB), and 82.8% of the data are distributed in the interval of -2‰~2‰(PDB); the distribution range of δ 18 O is relatively wide, ranging from 8.95‰~21.04‰(SMOW) . In general, it is characterized by wide distribution of samples and concentrated distribution of δ 13 C data. According to the calculation equation of dawsonite-CO 2 fractionation coefficient, the range of δ 13 C CO2 in equilibrium with dawsonite is -11.7‰~-4.2‰. Further analysis shows that the CO 2 in the Songliao Basin is mainly of inorganic origin, and its δ 13 C CO2 ranges from -2‰ to -10‰, with an average of about -5‰, which is of mantle-magmatic origin. According to this standard, dawsonite in the southern Songliao Basin was mainly (89.6%) formed in the background of inorganic CO2 , and a small amount (10.4%) was formed in the background of organic CO2 (see Fig. 2). It shows that the CO 2 that causes dawsonite formation in the southern Songliao Basin and the CO 2 in the gas reservoir have the same carbon source, and both are of mantle-magmatic origin.
3、确定幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系3. Determine the temporal relationship between mantle-derived CO 2 and hydrocarbon charging
(1)油气充注期次的判别(1) Discrimination of oil and gas charging periods
根据松辽盆地南部油气包裹体中的烃类性质,结合其宿主矿物或赋存产状,含片钠铝石砂岩中的油气充注明显分为两期。According to the properties of hydrocarbons in oil and gas inclusions in the southern Songliao Basin, combined with their host minerals or occurrences, the oil and gas charging in dawsonite-bearing sandstones can be clearly divided into two stages.
第一期包裹体主要为液烃包裹体,少量为气液烃包裹体。包裹体赋存于早期石英次生加大边、早期方解石和切及未切穿石英次生加大边的裂隙中。在早期石英次生加大边中,包裹体沿次生加大边内侧零星或成带分布,发育丰度相差悬殊,低丰度(GOI<0.5%)、中等丰度(GOI约为1%~3%)和极高丰度(GOI约为10%)者均有产出,主要为液烃包裹体,少量为气液烃包裹体。赋存于早期方解石中的包裹体成群分布,均为褐色、深褐色的液烃包裹体。在切及未切穿石英次生加大边的裂隙中,包裹体呈带状分布,主要为液烃包裹体,个别为气液烃包裹体。与第一期油气包裹体共生的盐水包裹体的均一温度峰值不同地区略有差别,其中,红岗阶地为70~90℃,乾安凹陷为70~80℃,华字井阶地为70~100℃。The inclusions in the first phase are mainly liquid hydrocarbon inclusions, and a small amount are gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions. Inclusions occur in the early quartz secondary rim, early calcite and fractures cut and uncut through the quartz secondary rim. In the early quartz secondary rim, inclusions are distributed sporadically or in bands along the inner side of the secondary rim, and their developmental abundances vary widely, with low abundance (GOI<0.5%), medium abundance (GOI about 1% ~3%) and very high abundance (GOI about 10%) are produced, mainly liquid hydrocarbon inclusions, and a small amount of gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions. The inclusions in the early calcite are distributed in groups, and they are all brown and dark brown liquid hydrocarbon inclusions. In the fractures that cut and did not cut through the secondary enlarged side of quartz, the inclusions are distributed in bands, mainly liquid hydrocarbon inclusions, and a few gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions. The homogeneous temperature peaks of brine inclusions that coexisted with oil and gas inclusions in the first stage are slightly different in different regions, among them, the Honggang Terrace is 70-90°C, the Qian'an Sag is 70-80°C, and the Huazijing Terrace is 70-100°C .
第二期包裹体主要为气液烃包裹体(占60%~90%),其次为液烃包裹体(占40%~9%),极个别为气烃包裹体(占1%左右)。包裹体赋存于晚期方解石、晚期石英次生加大边、片钠铝石和穿切碎屑石英及其次生加大边的微裂隙中以及碎屑长石中。赋存于晚期石英次生加大边中的包裹体发育丰度中等(GOI约为3%),包裹体成群、成带分布。赋存于晚期方解石和片钠铝石中的包裹体成群或孤立状分布,其中,晚期方解石中的包裹体发育丰度极高(约70%~80%的晚期方解石中见有包裹体)。在穿切碎屑石英及其次生加大边的微裂隙中,包裹体呈带状分布。在长石碎屑中,包裹体亦成群、成带分布。红岗阶地与第二期油气包裹体共生的盐水包裹体的均一温度峰值为100~120℃,乾安凹陷为90~100℃,华字井阶地为110~120℃。The second stage inclusions are mainly gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions (accounting for 60%-90%), followed by liquid hydrocarbon inclusions (accounting for 40%-9%), and very few gas-hydrocarbon inclusions (accounting for about 1%). Inclusions occur in late calcite, late quartz secondary rim, dawsonite, micro-cracks of clastic quartz and its secondary rim, and clastic feldspar. The inclusions that occur in the secondary oversized margins of late quartz are of medium abundance (GOI is about 3%), and the inclusions are distributed in groups and bands. Inclusions in late calcite and dawsonite are distributed in groups or in isolation, among which, the inclusions in late calcite have a very high abundance (about 70%-80% of late calcite has inclusions) . In the micro-cracks of the through-cut clastic quartz and its secondary oversized edges, the inclusions are distributed in bands. In the feldspar clasts, the inclusions are also distributed in groups and bands. The peak homogeneous temperature of brine inclusions co-existing with the second stage oil and gas inclusions in Honggang Terrace is 100-120°C, 90-100°C in Qian'an Sag, and 110-120°C in Huazijing Terrace.
(2)幔源CO2与油气充注的时序关系(2) Time-series relationship between mantle-sourced CO 2 and hydrocarbon charging
含片钠铝石砂岩的成岩共生序列和流体包裹体研究表明,松辽盆地南部中浅层地层中曾发生了三期资源性流体充注过程。第一期以液烃充注为主,第二期以气液烃充注为主,第三期为幔源CO2的充注。幔源CO2的充注略晚于第二期油气充注或与其大致同时,主要证据为:The study of diagenetic paragenesis sequence and fluid inclusions of dawsonite-bearing sandstones shows that three stages of resource fluid charging occurred in the middle and shallow formations in the southern Songliao Basin. The first phase was dominated by liquid hydrocarbon charging, the second phase was dominated by gas-liquid hydrocarbon charging, and the third phase was mantle-sourced CO 2 charging. The charging of mantle-sourced CO 2 was slightly later than or roughly the same time as the second phase of oil and gas charging, and the main evidences are as follows:
①石英次生加大边的内侧发育第一期油气包裹体(以液烃包裹体为主),外侧发育第二期油气包裹体(以气烃包裹体为主),而示踪CO2充注的片钠铝石普遍充填于石英次生加大边结晶后剩余的孔隙空间,说明CO2的充注略晚于第二期油气充注。①The inner side of the quartz secondary oversized edge developed the first phase of oil and gas inclusions (mainly liquid hydrocarbon inclusions), and the outer side developed the second phase of oil and gas inclusions (mainly gas hydrocarbon inclusions), while tracer CO 2 The injected dawsonite is generally filled in the remaining pore space after the crystallization of the secondary enlarged edge of quartz, indicating that the charging of CO 2 is slightly later than the second stage of oil and gas charging.
②片钠铝石中赋存第二期油气包裹体(气液包裹体),暗示在片钠铝石结晶时,孔隙流体以CO2及其溶解于地层水的组分为主,油气为辅。②The occurrence of the second phase of oil-gas inclusions (gas-liquid inclusions) in dawsonite implies that when dawsonite crystallized, the pore fluid was dominated by CO 2 and its components dissolved in formation water, supplemented by oil and gas.
③在穿切碎屑石英及其次生加大边微裂隙中的包裹体内不但检测到气相CO2、液相CO2以及CO3 2-,而且检测到CH4组分,说明CO2在运移过程中曾发生了对烃类的萃取作用,虽然不能排除萃取早期形成的烃类的可能性,但是萃取与其准同时充注的烃类的可能性更大。③ Not only gas phase CO 2 , liquid phase CO 2 and CO 3 2- , but also CH 4 components were detected in the inclusions in the pierced clastic quartz and its secondary enlarged edge micro-cracks, indicating that CO 2 is migrating The extraction of hydrocarbons occurred during the process. Although the possibility of extracting hydrocarbons formed earlier cannot be ruled out, the possibility of extracting hydrocarbons charged at the same time is more likely.
4、石油充注时间的判别4. Discrimination of oil filling time
邹才能等(非专利文献9)针对扶新隆起扶余油层开展的伊利石K/Ar定年和流体包裹体均一温度综合分析(结合埋藏史和热史)得出的两期油气注入时间依次为85~65Ma和50~25Ma,前者相当于嫩江-明水期,后者主体为古近纪。(Non-Patent Document 9) carried out comprehensive analysis of illite K/Ar dating and fluid inclusion homogeneity temperature (combined with burial history and thermal history) for the Fuyu oil layer in the Fuxin Uplift, and the two phases of oil and gas injection time were 85 ~65Ma and 50~25Ma, the former corresponds to the Nenjiang-Mingshui period, and the latter is mainly Paleogene.
5、幔源CO2充注时间的判别5. Discrimination of mantle source CO 2 charging time
通过对松辽盆地南部裂缝的研究发现,在宏观裂缝中既见有晶簇状片钠铝石充填物,又见有含油现象,说明裂缝和微裂隙都形成于CO2和第二期油气充注之前。尽管对于松辽盆地南部第一期油气注入时间是嫩江期-明水期还是嫩江期末尚有不同的理解或表述,但是,第二期油气充注发生于白垩纪末(明水期末)-古近纪却得到了普遍的认同。鉴于第二期油气充注与幔源CO2的充注准同时,因此,幔源CO2的充注也应该发生于白垩纪末(明水期末))古近纪。Through the study of the fractures in the southern Songliao Basin, it is found that there are both crystal cluster dawsonite fillings and oil-bearing phenomena in the macroscopic fractures, indicating that both fractures and micro-fractures were formed by CO 2 and the second stage of oil and gas charging. Note before. Although there are different understandings or representations on whether the first phase of oil and gas injection in the southern Songliao Basin was from the Nenjiang period to the Mingshui period or the end of the Nenjiang period, the second period of oil and gas charging occurred at the end of the Cretaceous (the end of the Mingshui period)-Paleozoic period. In modern times, however, it has been generally recognized. In view of the quasi-simultaneity of the second phase of oil and gas charging and the charging of mantle-derived CO 2 , the charging of mantle-derived CO 2 should also have occurred at the end of the Cretaceous (the end of the Mingshui period) Paleogene.
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