A kind of semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device and investigating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to smoke temperature measurement and the control of the semiclosed mineral heating furnace flue harnessing project in J. sigillate field, particularly mn site doping and power generation system with residual heat of fume.
Background technology
Ferroalloy (comprising Si-Fe, Mn-Fe, Cr-Fe, Mn-Si-Fe etc.) is the alloy carrying out redox reaction and obtain in mineral hot furnace.A large amount of flue gases can be produced in smelting process.Removing dust project and fume afterheat utilizing works all need to measure flue-gas temperature, and effectively control it.
At present, the method measuring flue-gas temperature is all adopt thermocouple on-line measurement.Due in pipeline section, diametrically the temperature of difference is different, thus measures the temperature obtained also different.Visible, the temperature that thermocouple is measured can only represent the temperature of sample point.What is more important, thermocouple temperature measurement has serious hysteresis quality, and variations in temperature is faster, and the delayed time is more.In mineral hot furnace is run, in-furnace temperature usually raises tens and even a few Baidu suddenly, because thermocouple can not detect the temperature after sudden change in time, thus causes the action of fire door electric-control system delayed and burns out system element.Such as in flue gas ash removal engineering, if flue-gas temperature raise suddenly and thermocouple have little time reaction, the filter bag of deduster will be burned.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, not enough for prior art, a kind of semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device and investigating method are provided, do not affect by sample point, measure the temperature of the flue gas produced in semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys smelting process rapidly and accurately, solve the engineering roadblock of flue-gas temperature " indeterminacy, do not control ", avoid the action because of fire door electric-control system delayed and burn out system element.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device, comprise processor, described processor is connected with oxygen content sensor by oxygen analyser, and the probe of described oxygen content sensor inserts in semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue or smoke exhaust barrel; Described processor is connected with the electric-control system of semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys fire door by driving relay.
Present invention also offers a kind of method utilizing the semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys of above-mentioned measure and control device to measure exhaust gas volumn, the method is:
(1) thermal discharge is determined
1) the ferroalloy weight of smelting in semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys in the unit interval is determined
In formula:
--unit interval ferroalloy weight, t/h; W is semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys input transformer active power, kW; P
dfor smelting the power consumption of 1 ton of ferroalloy, kWh/t.
2) the quantity V producing CO in unit interval stove is determined
cO:
In formula: V
cOthe CO gas flow that-unit interval produces, mol/h; The weight percentage of fixed carbon in C%-coke.
3) to determine in the unit interval that carbon monoxide burns liberated heat Q completely
f:
Because every molar carbon monoxide burning liberated heat is approximately 281 kilojoules, so Q
fcan be calculated by following formula:
Q
F=281V
CO=23333WP
JC%÷P
D
In formula: Q
fcO burning liberated heat in – unit interval burner hearth, kJ/h; P
jfor smelting the dry coke weight that 1 ton of ferroalloy consumes, kg/t.
(2) flue gas caloric receptivity Q is determined
x
1) determine that the unit interval enters the air capacity V of burner hearth
k:
Because: CO+0.5O
2=CO
2v
o2=0.5V
cO=0.5V
cO2
In formula: V
o2-unit interval oxygen demand, mol/h; V
cO2the carbon dioxide that-unit interval CO burning produces, mol/h.
Then, the unit interval sucks the air capacity V of burner hearth
kfor:
=41.7WP
jc% ÷ P
d(%O
2 marks-%O
2)
In formula: V
kthe air capacity of-unit interval suction burner hearth, mol/h; %O
2 marksand %O
2be respectively the volumn concentration of oxygen in air and flue gas.
2) determine that the flue-gas temperature of in the unit interval n mole is by T
1be elevated to T
2the heat energy needed:
In formula, Q
xfor the flue-gas temperature of n mole is by T
1be elevated to T
2the heat energy needed, unit is kJ/h;
for flue gas mean specific heat, unit is kJ/ (mol K); T
2for the flue-gas temperature after heating, unit is K; T
1for mineral hot furnace environment temperature, unit is K.
(3) flue-gas temperature T is determined
2
Heat release and system synthesis heat insulating coefficient product is equaled namely: Q according to heat balance principle heat absorption
x=Q
fη or:
Arrange:
In formula: η is system synthesis heat insulating coefficient, span is 0.5-0.95.
(4) flue-gas temperature is judged whether in the temperature range of setting with whether send action command.
If flue-gas temperature T
2lower than the flue-gas temperature lower limit of setting, then processor exports the on-off model turning down semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys fire door, turns down fire door.Until when flue-gas temperature is the intermediate value of flue-gas temperature lower limit and the upper limit set, fire door stops action; If flue-gas temperature exceedes the flue-gas temperature upper limit of setting, then processor exports the on-off model opening large fire door, and fire door is progressively opened greatly, until stop when flue-gas temperature is the intermediate value of flue-gas temperature lower limit and the upper limit set.
Flue-gas temperature Computing Principle of the present invention is: in ferroalloy smelting process, be attended by a large amount of CO gas produce.In semiclosed furnace, the small part in these CO gases reacts with the oxide in raw material rising through in charge process, and high oxide is reduced to low oxide, and self is oxidized to CO
2; Major part is then directly burnt at fire door and is changed CO into
2gas, releases a large amount of heats simultaneously.For the same ferroalloy trade mark, it is basic fixing that unit product smelts releasing CO, and CO burning liberated heat is also fixing.
In semiclosed mineral hot furnace, maximum smoke temperature generates the fuel gas such as CO in stove and sucks the temperature not having superfluous air burning to reach.In flue gas, superfluous oxygen is more, and flue gas oxygen content is higher, flue-gas temperature is lower; Vice versa.Flue-gas temperature can ignore the contribution of electric energy, and flue gas enthalpy can be regarded the heat energy of being released by CO burning in stove completely approx as and provide.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is: the present invention is under the gastight prerequisite of system, flue gas oxygen content does not affect by sample point and sample position, sensor probe is arranged on the flue-gas temperature that burner hearth flue entrance place quick and precisely can be measured in smoke exhaust barrel optional position, and certainty of measurement is high, reliable results; The present invention is highly sensitive, effectively can solve the measure and control device used at present and cause the action of fire door electric-control system delayed, cause system element, particularly the problem that burns out of dedusting filtering bag large area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device;
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device external structure schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, one embodiment of the invention semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys exhaust gas volumn measure and control device, comprise processor, described processor is connected with oxygen content sensor by oxygen analyser, and the probe of described oxygen content sensor inserts in semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue or smoke exhaust barrel; Described processor is connected with semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys fire door or the wild air-valve valve of flue by driving relay; Described processor is connected with display module and Keyboard drive module; The flue gas oxygen content scope of described oxygen content sensor measurement is 0-25%.
Described processor is connected with alarm, as buzzer, alarm can flue-gas temperature exceed setting the flue-gas temperature upper limit or lower than setting flue-gas temperature under send alarm signal in limited time.
The observing and controlling scope of apparatus of the present invention to flue-gas temperature is 100 ~ 2300 DEG C.
Display module is LED display, the temperature signal that video-stream processor exports.
Processor is also connected with communication module, for measure and control device of the present invention is connected with other automation equipments, automation control system, can be received and transfer instruction, data by communication module, as: the data such as exhaust gas volumn, flue-gas temperature, furnace power are shown on computer screen at a distance, control semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys motor start-stop, rotating speed height etc.
About the installation site of sensor probe, if system is not leaked out, being arranged on from burner hearth flue entrance to air exit any position all can, if system air leakage, then should be arranged on nearly flue entrance position as far as possible.
The using method of semiclosed In The Sub-mergedfurnace of The Ferroalloys flue-gas temperature measure and control device is as follows:
1) measure and control device is arranged in cabinet, cabinet is arranged on control room or other correct positions;
2) switch of cabinet output port and fire door electric-control system, the control circuit such as spacing are connected;
3) in processor (CPU), the upper and lower bound value of flue-gas temperature control is set by Keyboard drive module (being 6 × 4 keyboards in the present embodiment);
4) inserted in flue or smoke exhaust barrel by the probe of oxygen content sensor and detect flue gas oxygen content, when bag-type dust engineering for smoke gas treatment, sensor probe should be arranged on deduster front end, as far as possible near the chimney segment of electric furnace end.When utilizing for fume afterheat, be arranged on deduster front end or rear end;
5) connect 220V power supply to flue-gas temperature measure and control device, input local oxygen content in air, flue gas specific heat capacity (about 0.0314kJ/mol.K), system synthesis heat insulating coefficient and environment temperature, set temperature upper control limit and lower limit;
6) when flue-gas temperature exceed setting the flue-gas temperature upper limit or lower than the flue-gas temperature of setting under in limited time, processor exports the on-off model controlling fire door or valve switch.
7) fire door electric-control system is after receiving switching signal, automatically opens or turn down mineral hot furnace fire door, increases or reduces the air capacity entered in stove, thus reduces or improve flue-gas temperature, completes flue-gas temperature and controls.
The higher limit that flue-gas temperature controls and lower limit need to utilize actual conditions to set according to this electric furnace and fume afterheat.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is applied to the fibre selection of fume afterheat generating.Certain silicomanganese alloy mineral hot furnace is provided with smoke and waste steam boiler, and inner flue gas of the stove, under the effect of frequency converting induced draft fan, carries out heat exchange by waste heat boiler, then delivers to bag-type dust collector purifying smoke, and the flue gas after cloth bag purification is discharged from aiutage.Power generation system with residual heat of fume requires that burner hearth flue entrance flue-gas temperature controls 450 ~ 650 DEG C of scopes.The comprehensive heat insulating coefficient of this submerged arc furnace system is 0.85 after measured, and environment temperature is 40 DEG C.
The probe of sensor is arranged on the purifying smoke aiutage 2-3 rice eminence after mineral heating furnace flue dedusting, and probe extend into exhaust cross section mid point and samples; Connect 220V power supply, input local oxygen content in air (20.95%), flue gas specific heat capacity (about 0.0314kJ/mol.K), system synthesis heat insulating coefficient (0.85) and environment temperature (40 DEG C), set temperature upper control limit (450 DEG C) and lower limit (650 DEG C).The flue gas oxygen content signal detected was transported to processor by sensor in 1 second; In processor, immediately complete data processing, automatically calculate flue-gas temperature, thus complete the measurement of flue-gas temperature.Temperature signal is delivered on cabinet LED display and is shown flue-gas temperature by processor.Illustrate: when the sample oxygen content that the probe of sampling detector is got is 17.48%, the flue-gas temperature of LED display display is 528 DEG C, now temperature is only second to (median) between temperature upper control limit and lower limit, temperature measurement and control instrument does not export control instruction, and fire door electric-control system does not do action and frequency conversion fan rotating speed does not adjust.When measuring flue gas oxygen content and being 16.76%, flue-gas temperature is shown as 548 DEG C, and temperature reaches upper control limit.Now, processor exports to fire door electric-control system and opens large fire door instruction, or export increase frequency control fan speed signal, the air capacity that mineral hot furnace burner hearth is sucked progressively increases, flue-gas temperature then progressively declines, until temperature reaches flue gas oxygen content 17.47% corresponding to the median 550 DEG C ± 550 × 10%(of the temperature range of setting) time action stop.Otherwise, when the flue gas oxygen content measured is 18.17%, flue-gas temperature is shown as 450 DEG C, now because temperature reaches lower limit, need the temperature promoting flue gas, processor can export to fire door electric-control system and turn down fire door instruction, or exports the signal reducing frequency conversion fan rotating speed, until action stops when temperature reaches the intermediate value 550 DEG C of the temperature range of setting, thus guarantee that flue-gas temperature is in the control range of setting.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is applied to mineral heating furnace flue udst separation and administers.Certain company 2 × 25MW mineral heating furnace flue duster system, air-introduced machine adopts high pressure power frequency motor, and exhausting ability and pressure head all can meet peak load needs, and the said firm is originally that controlling burner hearth by artificial Electronic control burner hearth petticoat pipe fire door size sucks air capacity.Filter bag of dust collector normal working temperature is 200 DEG C, and maximum operating temperature is no more than 250 DEG C, and minimum temperature is not less than 150 DEG C.Record this mineral hot furnace under nominal power, flue gas is about 145 DEG C from sample point to filter bag porch flue-gas temperature cooling extent, system heat insulating coefficient 0.8, environment temperature 35 DEG C.
The probe of flue gas oxygen content sensor is arranged on the position that dust pelletizing system pipeline and direct exhaust chimney border on; Connect 220V power supply, input local oxygen content in air (20.95%), flue gas specific heat capacity (about 0.0314kJ/mol.K), system synthesis heat insulating coefficient (0.8) and environment temperature (35 DEG C), set measurement point temperature upper control limit 395 DEG C (=250+145=395) and lower limit 295 DEG C (150+145=295), these two values are set as that processor sends the control point of switching value action command.When measuring flue gas oxygen content and being 18.36%, the flue-gas temperature that processor calculating draws is 395 DEG C, and now temperature reaches upper control limit, processor output switch amount actuating signal, the action of fire door motor drive mechanism, opens large fire door, the air entering burner hearth increases, and flue-gas temperature progressively reduces; When flue gas oxygen content be increased to be 18.73% time action stop, now LED displays temperature is 345 DEG C.When to reach 19.09%, LED displays temperature be 295 DEG C in flue gas oxygen content increase, processor output switch amount actuating signal, the action of fire door motor drive mechanism, turns down fire door aperture, and the air entering burner hearth reduces, and flue-gas temperature progressively raises; When flue gas oxygen content drop to be 18.73% time action stop.Thus guarantee that filter bag works in 150 ~ 250 DEG C of temperature ranges of setting, both avoid high temperature and burnt out filter bag, prevent again low temperature to cause filter bag to tie dirt.
Median in the embodiment of the present invention refer to set the higher limit of flue-gas temperature and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of lower limit ± 10%.