CN103525441A - Garbage disposal device and method for extracting new energy source from garbage disposal - Google Patents
Garbage disposal device and method for extracting new energy source from garbage disposal Download PDFInfo
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- CN103525441A CN103525441A CN201210244892.0A CN201210244892A CN103525441A CN 103525441 A CN103525441 A CN 103525441A CN 201210244892 A CN201210244892 A CN 201210244892A CN 103525441 A CN103525441 A CN 103525441A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a garbage disposal device, comprising a garbage heating device and a gas purifier, wherein the garbage heating device comprises a first heating cavity and a second heating cavity; the gas purifier, the first heating cavity and the second heating cavity are through to one another and form a sealed cavity space; the garbage is rapidly heated to generate an acid gas in the first heating cavity; the acid gas is subjected to acid removal through the gas purifier; the second heating cavity lastingly heats the product which is heated by the first heating cavity to crack at high temperature. By adopting the garbage disposal device and the method for extracting a new energy source from garbage disposal disclosed by the invention, a hierarchical treatment structure is adopted; the products with value in use are respectively recovered after garbage disposal at each layer; the harmful products are removed. Therefore, on one hand, the quality of the final product is improved, and the service life of the overall device is prolonged; on the other hand, the treatment cost of the device disclosed by the invention is low; the economic and practical value is improved.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the technical field of refuse treatment, particularly a kind of method that the recycling energy in rubbish can be extracted to separated refuse disposal system and refuse treatment extraction new forms of energy.
[background technology]
Currently used Prediction for Solid Waste Treatment Technology is that rubbish is put into incinerator burn processing, and domestic domestic refuse amount is large, low heat value, complicated component, and it is very inconvenient to deal with.First, a large amount of domestic refuse volumes is large, and carrying inconvenience needs to expend a large amount of manpower and materials in transportation; Secondly, in the situation that rubbish is deposited in the open, easily occur to decompose to change, surrounding environment is had to pollution; Again, refuse thermal value is low, inconvenience burning, and also it is insufficient to burn, to such an extent as to refuse treatment is not thorough, in addition, produces the grey quantity of slag large, fuel expends greatly, waste resource.
Existing refuse disposal system all can be considered the recycling of rubbish, can change so on the one hand people's refuse treatment consciousness, just can accelerate the processing speed of domestic refuse since so; On the other hand, can also greatly avoid the waste of resource, save refuse treatment cost.If wanting turns waste into wealth rubbish, the most vital economic and practical that will improve exactly Rubbish Remains.Domestic rubbish disposal principle and treatment facility early have research at home, but slowly can not get practical application, reason is because the composition of rubbish is various, alive of the physics characteristic of ingredient is different, the recovery so if the energy that treatment facility can not well produce various processing stage is classified, although these equipment have certain practicality, final processing cost will be very high, is difficult to promote the use of on a large scale.In addition, if all kinds of favourable product garbage processing procedure not being produced and disporduct reclaim, process and get rid of, although can obtain the finished product of utility value, its use value is also very low.
[summary of the invention]
High for overcoming the refuse treatment cost of conventional garbage treatment process, reclaim the low technical problem of product use value, the invention provides a kind of refuse treatment cost more economically, the method for new forms of energy is extracted in the refuse disposal system that gained the finished product use value is higher and refuse treatment.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is to provide a kind of refuse disposal system, comprise rubbish heating unit and gas-cleaning installation, rubbish heating unit comprises one first heating chamber and one second heating chamber, gas-cleaning installation, the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber connect and form an airtight cavity space mutually, rubbish instant heating in the first heating chamber produces sour gas, sour gas deacidifies by gas-cleaning installation, and the second heating chamber carries out high temperature continuous heating to the product after the first heating chamber heating pyrolyze.
Preferably, in this first heating chamber, comprise that an opening for feed and becomes feed screw, become feed screw and be provided with a plurality of rotary blades, after rubbish enters in the first heating chamber, by becoming feed screw, carry out forward impelling feeding, the volume change that two adjacent rotary blade spacing on change feed screw change after being heated to rubbish in the first heating chamber is directly proportional.
Preferably, rubbish is 10 seconds-5 minutes in the heat-up time of the first layer heating chamber, and Heating temperature is 90-500 ℃, and rubbish is 3-120 minute in rubbish heat-up time of second layer heating chamber, and Heating temperature is 180-800 ℃.
Preferably, this refuse disposal system further comprises a charcoal activating apparatus, this charcoal activating apparatus and this rubbish heating unit is separate and keep being mutually formed through an airtight cavity space is provided with a current regulator between this charcoal activating apparatus and this rubbish heating unit.
Preferably, this charcoal activating apparatus comprises charcoal activation chamber, steam pipeline and charcoal retrieving arrangement, charcoal activation chamber and charcoal retrieving arrangement connect and form an airtight cavity space mutually, one end of steam pipeline is positioned at charcoal activation chamber, the water vapor that provides for charcoal activation, the other end is positioned at charcoal retrieving arrangement, and the water vapor producing in charcoal retrieving arrangement is delivered in charcoal activation chamber by steam pipeline.
Preferably, in this charcoal activating apparatus, the activation temperature of charcoal is 500-1050 ℃, and soak time is 1-200 minute.
Preferably, this gas-cleaning installation comprises deacidification equipment and oil gas separation equipment, and rubbish is entering into the separated fuel-displaced and combustible gas of oil gas separation equipment the gas producing in the first heating chamber is removed sour gas by deacidification equipment after together with the gas producing in gaseous hydrocarbon mixture that the second heating chamber produces and charcoal activating apparatus.
Preferably, the volume in this charcoal activation chamber is all greater than the volume of the first heating chamber and one second heating chamber.
The present invention further provides a kind of refuse treatment and extract the method for new forms of energy, it comprises the following steps: S1, sends into rubbish to the first heating chamber; S2, rubbish heating pyrolyze rapidly in the first heating chamber, produces sour gas, gaseous hydrocarbon mixture and elementary carbonizing production; S3, elementary carbonizing production enters into the second heating chamber and carries out continuous high temperature heating pyrolyze, produces the solid-state charcoal of ultimate carbonizing production and gaseous state gas-oil mixture; S4, removes the sour gas producing in the first heating chamber, produces clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture; And S5, reclaim gaseous hydrocarbon mixture and the interior gaseous hydrocarbon mixture producing of the second heating chamber through deacidification.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps: S6, activate the solid-state charcoal producing in the second heating chamber, and generate gac; And S7, recovered carbon.
Compared to prior art, the method that new forms of energy are extracted in refuse disposal system of the present invention and refuse treatment adopts layer-stepping to process structure, and after every layer of refuse treatment respectively to have utility value product reclaim, harmful product is got rid of, therefore, it has improved the quality of the finished product on the one hand, and on the other hand by disporduct is removed, the equipment that prevents is corroded by some obnoxious flavoures and work-ing life of reducing whole equipment.In addition, the present invention has done further extraction and recycling to the product doped with available stock producing in garbage processing procedure, make all products that utilize that rubbish produces in treating processes thoroughly be extracted separation, the maximized product recovery utilization rate of realizing equipment.The present invention has still done further recycling by resource remaining in treating processes.Finally make the output capacity of equipment reach the highest, and resource consumption rate reach minimum, fundamentally reduces the processing cost of equipment, improves its economical and practical value.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of refuse disposal system of the present invention, and this refuse disposal system comprises rubbish heating unit and charcoal activating apparatus.
Fig. 2 is the rubbish heating unit structural representation of refuse disposal system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the charcoal activating apparatus structural representation of refuse disposal system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the workflow schematic diagram of refuse disposal system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram that new forms of energy are extracted in second embodiment of the invention refuse treatment.
[embodiment]
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage are clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention are further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, domestic garbage disposer 10 of the present invention comprises rubbish heating unit 11 and charcoal activating apparatus 13, first rubbish carry out heating pyrolyze by rubbish heating unit 11 by rubbish, then the solid-state charcoal producing is sent in charcoal activating apparatus 13 and is activated, rubbish heating unit 11 and charcoal activating apparatus 13 are formed through an airtight cavity mutually, between rubbish heating unit 11 and charcoal activating apparatus 13, be provided with one second current regulator 15, prevent that the gas trains of rubbish heating unit 11 interior generations from flowing in charcoal activating apparatus 13.
Refer to Fig. 2, rubbish heating unit comprises charging 111, lock wind charger 112, upper strata heating chamber 113, first throttle Qi114， lower floor heating chamber 115, deacidification equipment 116 and oil gas separation equipment 117.Opening for feed 111, lock wind charger 112 and upper strata heating chamber 113 connect mutually, and the rubbish after refinement enters in upper strata heating chamber 113 through opening for feed 111 and lock wind charger 112.The afterbody of upper strata heating chamber 113 is connected with a deacidification equipment 116, and this deacidification equipment 116 connects the gas of upper strata heating chamber 113 generations can directly be entered in deacidification equipment 116 with this upper strata heating chamber 113.Upper strata heating chamber 113Yu lower floor heating chamber 115 connects mutually, between upper strata heating chamber 113He lower floor heating chamber 115, is provided with first throttle device 114, and it is mainly to prevent from, between upper strata heating chamber 113Yu lower floor heating chamber 115, gas crossfire occurs.After deacidification equipment 116, be also provided with an induced draft fan 1165, start after this induced draft fan 1165, can make upper strata heating chamber 113 is negative pressure state to the space of first throttle device 114, the gas that keeps negative pressure state to be conducive to produce is drained rapidly, promotes garbage decomposition reaction to occur to refuse gasification direction; Also make the gas of upper strata heating chamber 113 interior generations can not enter in lower floor's heating chamber 115 simultaneously and directly enter in deacidification equipment 116 and prevent that gas from leaking at flow process.
The afterbody of lower floor's heating chamber 115 is connected with an oil gas separation equipment 117, and this oil gas separation equipment 117Yu Gai lower floor heating chamber 115 connects the gas of lower floor's heating chamber 115 generations can directly be entered in oil gas separation equipment 117.Lower floor's heating chamber 115 keeps being connected being provided with the second current regulator 15 between ，Bing lower floor heating chamber 115 and charcoal activating apparatus 13 with charcoal activating apparatus 13, and it is mainly to prevent from, between lower floor's heating chamber 115 and charcoal activating apparatus 13, gas crossfire occurs.Between oil gas separation equipment 117He lower floor heating chamber 115, be also provided with an induced draft fan 1177, start after this induced draft fan 1177, can make in the cavity space of lower floor's heating chamber 115 to second current regulators 15 is negative pressure state.The gas that keeps negative pressure state to be conducive to produce is drained rapidly, promotes garbage decomposition reaction to occur to refuse gasification direction; The gas of simultaneously Ye Shi lower floor heating chamber 115 interior generations can not enter in charcoal activating apparatus 13 and directly enters in oil gas separation equipment 117 and prevent that gas from leaking at flow process.
The top of upper strata heating chamber 113 is provided with a charging 111, and opening for feed 111 bottoms are close to a lock wind charger 112, and its nearly step comprises a upper strata heating collar 1135, and upper strata heating collar 1135 is arranged in the outside of upper strata heating chamber 113.Lock wind charger 112 is connected in charging 111, to facilitate rubbish to enter to smoothly in upper strata heating chamber 113.The opening up setting of charging 111, upper strata heating chamber 113 horizontal positioned, lock wind charger 112 keeps mutually connecting with upper strata heating chamber 113, can by locking wind charger 112, be sent in upper strata heating chamber 113 smoothly guaranteeing when rubbish from opening for feed 111 enters.
One change feed screw 1131 is housed in upper strata heating chamber 113, becomes feed screw 1131 and be contained in upper strata heating chamber 113.Become feed screw 1131 and comprise motor 1132, rotating shaft 1134 and rotary blade 1136.Motor 1132 is connecting rotating shaft 1134, and in rotating shaft 1134, interval is furnished with a plurality of rotary blades 1136, and rotary blade 1136 fits with the inwall of upper strata heating chamber 113.The spacing of every two adjacent rotary blades 1136 is also unequal, and its spacing reduces to becoming feed screw 1131 ends gradually from charging 111.The rule that its spacing reduces be the volume while being heated according to rubbish reduce rule come fixed.After motor 1132 starts, drive rotating shaft 1134 and rotating in same direction together with rotary blade 1136 in rotating shaft 1134.
Because the diameter of the rubbish kind difference of processing and upper strata heating chamber 113 is different, become feed screw 1131 head ends and will in 1: 1 to 4: 1 scope, change near two adjacent rotary blade 1136 spacing of charging 111 and the ratio of adjacent rotary blade 1136 spacing of change feed screw 1131 end two away from charging 111.
Upper strata heating collar 1135 is coated on the outer surface of upper strata heating chamber 113, and the length zero position of upper strata heating collar 1135 is positioned at opening for feed 111 places, and final position is positioned at rotating shaft 1134 ends that become feed screw 1131.The type of heating of upper strata heating collar 1135 is electrically heated, because electrically heated heating power is large, heating surface area is also large, and adopt electrically heated to control in real time Heating temperature, so the speed of its heating is very fast, can make the rubbish heat-up rate in upper strata heating chamber 113 reach more than 10 degrees Celsius/second.According to heating needs, need to control temperature in upper strata heating chamber 113 within the scope of 90 °-500 °, because adopt this temperature range that reaches that electrically heated can be very fast, thereby accelerate the decomposition rate of rubbish, and then improve the oil yield rate of refuse pyrolysis.By the modes such as feeding speed that change the length of upper strata heating chamber 113 and become feed screw 1131, make the average heated time of rubbish in cavity in the scope of 10 seconds-5 minutes, keep this scope is in order to make the garbage decomposition in cavity more thorough heat-up time, by the halogen-containing decomposition completely of institute in rubbish out, form with sour gas enters in deacidification equipment 116, thereby from source, contains that subsequent product produces dioxin in combustion processes.
Similar to upper strata heating chamber 113, in lower floor's heating chamber 115 cavitys, be provided with a feed screw 1151, at cavity, be coated with lower floor's heating collar 1155.Feed screw 1151 is fed through from lower floor's heating chamber 115 rubbish not decomposing completely entering from upper strata heating chamber 113 in charcoal activating apparatus 13, and with the rubbish in 1155 pairs of lower floor's heating chambers 115 of lower floor's heating collar, heats in feeding.These feed screw 1151 equal intervals be provided with a plurality of rotary blades 1153, rotary blade 1153 fits with the cavity inner wall of lower floor's heating chamber 115.Due to the volume change of the rubbish not decomposing completely after the interior decomposes of lower floor's heating chamber 115 compare with the rubbish in the heating chamber of upper strata much smaller, so adopt the feed screw 1151 of uniform pitch in lower floor's heating chamber.
Lower floor's heating collar 1155 is coated on the outer surface of lower floor's heating chamber 115, and the length zero position of lower floor's heating collar 1155 is positioned at the initiating terminal of feed screw 1151, and final position is positioned at the end of feed screw 1151.It is slow that the relative upper strata of the heat-up rate heating collar 1135 of lower floor's heating collar 1155 is wanted, and is mainly, for rubbish in lower floor's heating chamber 115 is remained within the scope of a constant temp when temperature reaches certain phase, rubbish is carried out to deep decomposition.According to heating needs, need the Heating temperature of controlling lower floor's heating chamber 115 interior rubbish within the scope of 180 °-800 °.By change the length of lower floor's heating chamber 115 and the modes such as feeding speed of feed screw 1151 make the average heated time of rubbish in cavity at 3 minutes within the scope of 120 minutes.Because in lower floor's heating chamber 115 be all the rubbish not decomposing completely, these rubbish need higher temperature and the heating of longer time just can make it further decompose, so the Heating temperature of these rubbish and heat-up time are higher than upper strata heating chamber 113, longer.On prior art, increase by 115 pairs of rubbish that do not decompose completely of this lower floor's heating chamber and carry out certain soaking time, to guarantee that the various organism in rubbish decompose completely, thereby improved calorific value and the quality that reclaims resource.
Oil gas separation equipment 117 comprises the second tornado dust collector 1171 and the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas, and the rubbish in lower floor's heating chamber 115, by after further heating is decomposed completely, can produce solid-state charcoal and gaseous state gas-oil mixture.Solid-state charcoal enters into and in charcoal activating apparatus 13, carries out activation treatment through the second current regulator 15, and first gaseous hydrocarbon mixture will be removed the dust comprising in gaseous mixture or solid granule by the second tornado dust collector 1171, then the clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture after processing is delivered to the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas oil is carried out separated with combustible gas.The flammable G&O producing can be used as the new available energy and is used, as the rubbish that the combustible gas of generation can be delivered in 1175 pairs of combustion chambers of directed fired dryer carries out heating, drying.
Refer to Fig. 3, charcoal activating apparatus 13 comprises charcoal activation chamber 131, charcoal retrieving arrangement 133, steam pipeline 135 and exhaust gas cleaner 137.Charcoal activation chamber 131, charcoal retrieving arrangement 133 and exhaust gas cleaner 137 connect and form an airtight cavity space mutually.The solid-state charcoal that rubbish produces after lower floor's heating chamber 115 degree of depth heating pyrolyzes activates to enter after the activation of chamber 131 by charcoal and in charcoal retrieving arrangement 133, carries out recycling.The gas that solid-state charcoal produces when activation is delivered to the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas after purifying by exhaust gas cleaner 137 and carries out separation.
Rubbish can produce the smaller solid-state charcoal of specific surface area after processing through rubbish heating unit 11, and solid-state charcoal enters in charcoal activation chamber 131 and carries out activation treatment through the second current regulator 15.The gac generating afterwards in the charcoal activation interior activation in chamber 131 can enter into and in charcoal retrieving arrangement 133, carry out coolingly, and cooled gac is compared the solid-state charcoal specific surface area generating after rubbish heating unit is processed and can be become greatly, and absorption property also can strengthen.Solid-state charcoal continues to provide high-pressure water vapor by steam pipeline 135 in the process of charcoal activation chamber 131 interior activation, guarantees carrying out smoothly of reactivation process.In the process of charcoal activation, can produce some tail gas, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen etc., these tail gas can be used as inflammable gas and are delivered to that the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas carries out oil, gas is separated after purifying by exhaust gas cleaner 137.
The outer wall in charcoal activation chamber 131 is coated with heating collar 1315, and the Heating temperature of controlling heating collar 1315 regulates the activation temperature of charcoal in cavity, makes activation temperature maintain 500-1050.℃ scope in.On cavity inner wall, be provided with a plurality of spiral feeding blades 1311, the equidistant screw arrangement of this spiral feeding blade 1311, when 131 rotation of charcoal activation chamber, the rotation by spiral feeding blade 1311 drives the solid-state charcoal of its inside to move towards the direction of charcoal retrieving arrangement 133.By changing the charcoal activation length in chamber 131 and the modes such as spacing of spiral feeding blade 1311, control the heated time of the solid-state charcoal of inside cavity, soak time is maintained in the scope of 1-200 minute.At charcoal activation Qiang131 center, be provided with a water vapor jet pipe 1313, this water vapor jet pipe 1313 is a cylindrical cavity, water vapor is equipped with in its inside, and when reactivation process is carried out, interior can the continuing of water vapor jet pipe 1313 activates the solid-state charcoal injection water steam in chamber 131 to charcoal equably.
Charcoal retrieving arrangement 133 comprises charcoal cooler 1331, rotates charging tray 1333 and a spring 1335.Going out charcoal cooler 1331 is a cylindrical cavity structure, rotate the cavity bottom that charging tray 1333 is positioned at charcoal cooler 1331, and go out the internal diameter and the equal diameters that rotates charging tray 1333 of charcoal cooler 1331, make to rotate under original state in the cavity that charging tray 1333 can be embedded into charcoal cooler 1331, to going out the bottom of charcoal cooler 1331, seal.One end of spring 1335 fixes on the ground, and the other end is fixed on the bottom center place that rotates charging tray 1333.When going out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when many, due to action of gravity, compression rotates charging tray 1333 spring 1335 below, makes to rotate charging tray 1333 and the space increasing going out between charcoal cooler 1331 cavity bottoms, to accelerate discharging speed.When going out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when fewer, restoring force effect due to spring 1335, rotating charging tray 1333 up moves, seal out the outlet at bottom of charcoal cooler 1331, make discharging speed reduce even to stop discharging to seal out charcoal cooler 1331, prevent that outside air and charcoal from activating the interior gas in chamber 131 and ganging up.
The outside that goes out charcoal cooler 1331 is provided with an interlayer 1332, outer wall at interlayer 1332 has a water filling 1336, from this water filling 1336, in interlayer 1332, fill with liquid water, making to activate from charcoal the gac entering in chamber 131 can the quick cooling charcoal cooler 1331 of discharging out.In the inside that goes out charcoal cooler 1331, also have a spiral tube 1334, one end of spiral tube 1334 is connected on the inwall of interlayer 1332, and the other end is connected to steam pipeline 135.Because spiral tube 1334 is connected with interlayer 1332, therefore the water in interlayer 1332 can enter in spiral tube 1334, after gac that band has surplus heat arrives out the inside of charcoal cooler 1331, can contact with spiral tube 1334, and the heat on gac is passed in the water in spiral tube 1334, now, the liquid water in spiral tube 1334 can be heated and become water vapor, simultaneously gac owing to transferring heat to liquid water by cooling down to discharge out charcoal cooler 1331.
Afterbody in charcoal activation chamber 131 is connected with an exhaust gas cleaner 137, and the effect of this exhaust gas cleaner 137 is that the tail gas to producing in charcoal reactivation process purifies discharge.Owing to being barotropic state in charcoal activation chamber 131, so the tail gas producing in charcoal reactivation process is easy to be discharged in exhaust gas cleaner 137.It mainly comprises one the 3rd tornado dust collector 1371.Because tail gas generally is inflammable gas, as carbon monoxide, hydrogen etc., so the flammable Purge gas after the 3rd tornado dust collector 1371 dedustings can be used as the new available energy and is used, therefore, the inflammable gas after processing can be delivered to the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas carries out as the flammable energy, being used after oil, gas separation.
Refer to Fig. 4, in the process of using, refinement rubbish can enter in lock wind charger 112 through charging 111, and because lock wind charger 112 connects with upper strata heating chamber 113, rubbish can enter in upper strata heating chamber 113 along lock wind charger 112.Become feed screw 1131 and will enter into rubbish in upper strata heating chamber 113 in rotary blade 1134 is sent to lower floor's heating chamber 115.In worm drive feeding, the rubbish in 1135 pairs of upper strata heating chambers 113 of upper strata heating collar carries out instant heating.Owing to adopting electrically heated, make the rubbish heat-up rate in cavity very fast, can improve the oil yield rate of rubbish so on the one hand, on the other hand at rubbish rapidly in decomposes, can produce a large amount of sour gas such as HCL (hydrogenchloride), and these sour gas are transferred in deacidification equipment 116.Therefore, after instant heating through upper strata heating chamber 113, can produce gas-oil mixture and the sour gas of gaseous state, the gas-oil mixture of these gaseous states and sour gas by together with enter in the first tornado dust collector 1161 of deacidification equipment 116 and carry out dedusting, and then enter into high temperature except the interior removal of the sour gas by gas of acid tower 1163, finally produce clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture.
The rubbish not decomposing completely after upper strata heating chamber 113 thermal degradation will enter into lower floor's heating chamber 115, and feed screw 1151 is sent to the rubbish that do not decompose completely entering in lower floor's heating chamber 115 in charcoal activating apparatus 13 by Pyrolysis products along rotary blade 1153.In worm drive feeding, the rubbish in 1155 pairs of lower floor's heating chambers 115 of lower floor's heating collar carries out further heat.Owing to being all undecomposed rubbish in lower floor's heating chamber 115, so need to just can make these rubbish decompose completely by high temperature continuous heating.Rubbish in the long heat Hou， of process lower floor heating chamber 115 will completely divide and take off, and produce the smaller solid-state charcoal of specific surface area and the gas-oil mixture of gaseous state.
Solid-state charcoal enters in charcoal activation chamber 131 and activates after the second current regulator 15, by the second current regulator 15, can prevent that the gas in lower floor's heating chamber 115 from entering in charcoal activation chamber 131.Solid-state charcoal enter to charcoal activation chamber 131 interior after, be accompanied by the rotation in charcoal activation chamber 131, by its inner spiral feeding blade 1311, can drive solid-state charcoal to travel forward.Due to the turning effort in charcoal activation chamber 131, Yi Bian Yi Bian solid-state charcoal evenly stirs and advances in 131 cavitys of charcoal activation chamber, therefore can activate uniformly solid-state charcoal by spiral feeding blade 1311, improve activation quality.
Charcoal in charcoal activation chamber 131 is in the process of activation, need to pass through the lasting injection water steam of water vapor jet pipe 1313, water vapor in this water vapor jet pipe 1313 is mainly supplied with by the delivery of steam straight tube 1355 of steam supply pipe 1357 and device interior, and the emitted dose that can control water vapor by steam regulating valve 1353 in steam jet is controlled the quality of charcoal activation.In the process of activation, also need to carry out continuous heating by 1315 pairs of charcoal activation chambeies 131 of heating collar, by regulating the Heating temperature of heating collar 1315 to control the activation temperature of internal solids charcoal.
Solid-state charcoal can produce flammable tail gas and be with the gac having surplus heat after charcoal activates chamber 131 activation.Flammable tail gas can directly enter in the 3rd tornado dust collector 1371 of exhaust gas cleaner 137 and purify from activation chamber, and together with the gaseous hydrocarbon mixture after deacidification that the tail gas after purifying is produced with upper strata heating chamber 113, enter in the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas carry out oil, gas is separated.The gas-oil mixture of the gaseous state of simultaneously ， lower floor heating chamber 115 interior generations also can after the second tornado dust collector dedusting 1171, enter in the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas carry out oil, gas is separated.After refrigerated separation, can produce inflammable gas and liquid oil, these inflammable gass and liquid oil can directly be applied on various device as available resources, and the rubbish that for example inflammable gas can be led in directed fired dryer 1175 carries out heating, drying.And the gac that band has surplus heat must carry out cooling to it by charcoal retrieving arrangement 133.In the interlayer that goes out charcoal cooler 1,331 1332 of charcoal retrieving arrangement 133, liquid water is housed, when gac that band has surplus heat enters to out after charcoal cooler 1331, water in interlayer 1332 can enter into out in the spiral tube 1334 in charcoal cooler 1331, and by the water in spiral tube 1334, gac is cooled, after liquid water in spiral tube 1334 being become to water vapor, be delivered in delivery of steam straight tube 1355 simultaneously, realize the abundant recycle to the energy.
Gac after cooling can drop on and rotate on charging tray 1333, the automatic recovery of realizing gac by rotating charging tray 1333.Rotate charging tray 1333 bottoms and be provided with a spring 1335, when going out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when many, due to action of gravity, compression rotates charging tray 1333 spring 1335 below, the space that makes to rotate charging tray 1333 and go out between charcoal cooler 1331 cavity bottoms is strengthened, to strengthen discharging speed.When going out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when fewer, restoring force effect due to spring 1335, rotating charging tray 1333 up moves, seal out the outlet at bottom of charcoal cooler 1331, make discharging speed reduce even to stop discharging to seal out charcoal cooler 1331, prevent that outside air and charcoal from activating the interior gas in chamber 131 and ganging up.
Referring to Fig. 5, is the second embodiment of the present invention, and the method for new forms of energy is extracted in the refuse treatment that present embodiment is implemented for employing refuse disposal system 10, and it mainly comprises following step:
Step S11, sends into rubbish to upper strata heating chamber 113.Refinement rubbish enters in lock wind charger 112 through charging 111, and because lock wind charger 112 connects with upper strata heating chamber 113, rubbish can enter in upper strata heating chamber 113 along lock wind charger 112.
Step S21, rubbish heating pyrolyze rapidly in upper strata heating chamber 113, produces sour gas, gaseous hydrocarbon mixture and elementary carbonizing production.Become feed screw 1131 and will enter into rubbish in upper strata heating chamber 113 in rotary blade 1134 is sent to lower floor's heating chamber 115.In worm drive feeding, the rubbish in 1135 pairs of upper strata heating chambers 113 of upper strata heating collar carries out instant heating.According to heating needs, the temperature in need control upper strata heating chamber 113, within the scope of 90 °-500 °, can make the rubbish heat-up rate in upper strata heating chamber 113 reach more than 10 degrees Celsius/second.By the modes such as feeding speed that change the length of upper strata heating chamber 113 and become feed screw 1131 make the average heated time of rubbish in cavity at 10 seconds within the scope of 5 minutes, keep this scope is in order to make the garbage decomposition in cavity more thorough heat-up time, by the halogen-containing decomposition completely of institute in rubbish out, form with sour gas enters in deacidification equipment 116, thereby from source, contains that subsequent product produces dioxin in combustion processes.Owing to adopting electrically heated, rubbish heat-up rate in cavity can be reached more than 10 degrees Celsius/second, can improve the oil yield rate of rubbish so on the one hand, on the other hand at rubbish rapidly in decomposes, can produce a large amount of sour gas such as HCL (hydrogenchloride), and these sour gas are transferred to deacidification equipment 116.Therefore,, after the instant heating through upper strata heating chamber 113, can produce gas-oil mixture and the sour gas of gaseous state.
Step S31, removes the sour gas of upper strata heating chamber 113 interior generations, produces clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture.At the gas-oil mixture of the gaseous state of upper strata heating chamber 113 interior generations, enter into together with knowing from experience with sour gas in the first tornado dust collector 1161 of deacidification equipment 116 and carry out dedusting, and then it is interior by sour gas removal except acid tower 1163 to enter into high temperature, finally produces clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture.
Step S33, elementary carbonizing production enters into lower floor's heating chamber 115 and carries out continuous high temperature heating pyrolyze, produces the solid-state charcoal of ultimate carbonizing production and gaseous state gas-oil mixture.In step S31 deacidification, the rubbish not decomposing completely that the interior heating of upper strata heating chamber 113 produces afterwards can enter into and in lower floor's heating chamber 115, proceed the lasting heating of high temperature.It is slow that the relative upper strata of the heat-up rate heating collar 1135 of lower floor's heating collar 1155 of lower floor's heating chamber 115 is wanted, and is mainly, for rubbish in lower floor's heating chamber 115 is remained within the scope of a constant temp when temperature reaches certain phase, rubbish is carried out to deep decomposition.According to heating needs, the temperature in need control lower floor heating chamber 115 is within the scope of 180 °-800 °.By change the length of lower floor's heating chamber 115 and the modes such as feeding speed of feed screw 1151 make the average heated time of rubbish in cavity at 3 minutes within the scope of 120 minutes.Because in lower floor's heating chamber 115 be all the rubbish not decomposing completely, these rubbish need higher temperature and the heating of longer time just can make it further decompose, so the Heating temperature of these rubbish and heat-up time are higher than upper strata heating chamber 113, longer.
Step S41, the solid-state charcoal of activation lower floor heating chamber 115 interior generations, generates gac.The solid-state charcoal of lower floor's heating chamber 115 interior generations can enter in charcoal activation chamber 131 and activate after the second current regulator 15.The outer wall in charcoal activation chamber 131 is coated with heating collar 1315, and the Heating temperature of controlling heating collar 1315 regulates the activation temperature of charcoal in cavity, and activation temperature is maintained in the scope of 500-1050 ℃.On cavity inner wall, be provided with a plurality of spiral feeding blades 1311, the equidistant screw arrangement of this spiral feeding blade, when 131 rotation of charcoal activation chamber, the rotation by spiral feeding blade 1311 drives the solid-state charcoal of its inside to move towards the direction of charcoal retrieving arrangement 133.By changing the charcoal activation length in chamber 131 and the modes such as spacing of spiral feeding blade 1311, control the heated time of the solid-state charcoal of inside cavity, soak time is maintained in the scope of 1-200 minute.
Step S43, reclaims through the gaseous hydrocarbon mixture of deacidification and the gaseous hydrocarbon mixture of lower floor's heating chamber 115 interior generations.Rubbish is through generating solid-state charcoal and the gas-oil mixture of gaseous state after lower floor's heating chamber 115 complete cracking.Solid-state charcoal is when step S41 activates solid-state charcoal, can be at the interior generation inflammable gas in charcoal activation chamber 131, together with the clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture that these inflammable gass produce with gas-oil mixture and the step S31 deacidification of lower floor heating chamber 115 interior generations, enter into that the cooling separation column 1173 of oil gas is interior to carry out oil and combustible gas separated, the flammable G&O of generation can be used as the new available energy and is used.
Step S51, recovered carbon.Gac temperature after charcoal activation is very high, so the gac that band has surplus heat must carry out cooling to it by charcoal retrieving arrangement 133.Gac after cooling can drop on and rotate on charging tray 1333, the automatic recovery of realizing gac by rotating charging tray 1333.Rotate charging tray 1333 bottoms and be provided with a spring 1335, when charcoal retrieving arrangement 133, go out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when many, due to action of gravity, compression rotates charging tray 1333 spring 1335 below, the space that makes to rotate charging tray 1333 and go out between charcoal cooler 1331 cavity bottoms is strengthened, to strengthen discharging speed.When going out the interior gac of charcoal cooler 1331 when fewer, restoring force effect due to spring 1335, rotating charging tray 1333 up moves, seal out the outlet at bottom of charcoal cooler 1331, make discharging speed reduce even to stop discharging to seal out charcoal cooler 1331, prevent that outside air and charcoal from activating the interior gas in chamber 131 and ganging up.
Compared to prior art, refuse disposal system 10 of the present invention and the method for drawing rubbish to process extraction new forms of energy adopt layer-stepping to process structure, and after every layer of refuse treatment respectively to have utility value product reclaim, harmful product is got rid of, therefore, it has improved the quality of the finished product on the one hand, and on the other hand by disporduct is removed, the equipment that prevents is corroded by some obnoxious flavoures and work-ing life of reducing whole equipment.In addition, the present invention has done further extraction and recycling to the product doped with available stock producing in garbage processing procedure, make all products that utilize that rubbish produces in treating processes thoroughly be extracted separation, the maximized product recovery utilization rate of realizing equipment.The present invention has still done further recycling by resource remaining in treating processes.Finally make the output capacity of equipment reach the highest, and resource consumption rate reach minimum, fundamentally reduces the processing cost of equipment, improves its economical and practical value.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within principle of the present invention, are equal to and replace and within improvement etc. all should comprise protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a refuse disposal system, comprise rubbish heating unit and gas-cleaning installation, rubbish heating unit comprises one first heating chamber and one second heating chamber, gas-cleaning installation, the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber connect and form an airtight cavity space mutually, it is characterized in that: rubbish instant heating in the first heating chamber produces sour gas, sour gas deacidifies by gas-cleaning installation, and the second heating chamber carries out high temperature continuous heating to the product after the first heating chamber heating pyrolyze.
2. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in this first heating chamber, comprise that an opening for feed and becomes feed screw, become feed screw and be provided with a plurality of rotary blades, after rubbish enters in the first heating chamber, by becoming feed screw, carry out forward impelling feeding, the volume change that two adjacent rotary blade spacing on change feed screw change after being heated to rubbish in the first heating chamber is directly proportional.
3. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: rubbish is 10 seconds-5 minutes in the heat-up time of the first layer heating chamber, Heating temperature is 90-500 ℃, and rubbish is 3-120 minute in rubbish heat-up time of second layer heating chamber, and Heating temperature is 180-800 ℃.
4. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: this refuse disposal system further comprises a charcoal activating apparatus, this charcoal activating apparatus and this rubbish heating unit is separate and keep being mutually formed through an airtight cavity space is provided with a current regulator between this charcoal activating apparatus and this rubbish heating unit.
5. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: this charcoal activating apparatus comprises charcoal activation chamber, steam pipeline and charcoal retrieving arrangement, charcoal activation chamber and charcoal retrieving arrangement connect and form an airtight cavity space mutually, one end of steam pipeline is positioned at charcoal activation chamber, the water vapor that provides for charcoal activation, the other end is positioned at charcoal retrieving arrangement, and the water vapor producing in charcoal retrieving arrangement is delivered in charcoal activation chamber by steam pipeline.
6. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in this charcoal activation chamber, the activation temperature of charcoal is 500-1050 ℃, and soak time is 1-200 minute.
7. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: this gas-cleaning installation comprises deacidification equipment and oil gas separation equipment, rubbish is entering into the separated fuel-displaced and combustible gas of oil gas separation equipment the gas producing in the first heating chamber is removed sour gas by deacidification equipment after together with the gas producing in gaseous hydrocarbon mixture that the second heating chamber produces and charcoal activating apparatus.
8. refuse disposal system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the volume in this charcoal activation chamber is all greater than the volume of the first heating chamber and one second heating chamber.
9. a method for new forms of energy is extracted in refuse treatment, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
S1, sends into rubbish to the first heating chamber;
S2, rubbish heating pyrolyze rapidly in the first heating chamber, produces sour gas, gaseous hydrocarbon mixture and elementary carbonizing production;
S3, elementary carbonizing production enters into the second heating chamber and carries out continuous high temperature heating pyrolyze, produces the solid-state charcoal of ultimate carbonizing production and gaseous state gas-oil mixture;
S4, removes the sour gas producing in the first heating chamber, produces clean gaseous hydrocarbon mixture; And
S5, reclaims gaseous hydrocarbon mixture and the interior gaseous hydrocarbon mixture producing of the second heating chamber through deacidification.
10. the method for new forms of energy is extracted in refuse treatment as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: it is further comprising the steps:
S6, activates the solid-state charcoal producing in the second heating chamber, generates gac; And
S7, recovered carbon.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH11315283A (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 1999-11-16 | Seisei Kogyo Kk | Method for drying and carbonizing water-containing organic waste |
| JP3055686B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-06-26 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing activated carbide |
| CN201010525Y (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-01-23 | 钟顺乃 | Active carbon preparing equipment |
| CN201277557Y (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2009-07-22 | 浙江汉洁能源环保工程有限公司 | Thermal decomposition apparatus for organic waste |
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2012
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11315283A (en) * | 1999-02-22 | 1999-11-16 | Seisei Kogyo Kk | Method for drying and carbonizing water-containing organic waste |
| JP3055686B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-06-26 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing activated carbide |
| CN201010525Y (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-01-23 | 钟顺乃 | Active carbon preparing equipment |
| CN201277557Y (en) * | 2008-09-28 | 2009-07-22 | 浙江汉洁能源环保工程有限公司 | Thermal decomposition apparatus for organic waste |
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