CN103521705B - Manufacture the method for metal type dies - Google Patents
Manufacture the method for metal type dies Download PDFInfo
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- CN103521705B CN103521705B CN201310520661.2A CN201310520661A CN103521705B CN 103521705 B CN103521705 B CN 103521705B CN 201310520661 A CN201310520661 A CN 201310520661A CN 103521705 B CN103521705 B CN 103521705B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of metal type dies and manufacture method, metal casting manufacturing apparatus, this metal type dies is arranged on metal casting manufacturing apparatus, and this metal type dies comprises the first half mold and the second half mold that adopt the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure to process; Described first half mold and described second half mold respectively correspondence are provided with: formed during in order to cast the die cavity of foundry goods profile, cast gate, running channel, can be fixedly attached to the fixed feet on described metal casting manufacturing apparatus and can be bonded to each other when described first half mold and the second half mold close die joint; Described die cavity is the re-entrant cavity matched with the external surface shape of foundry goods, and is equipped with the core for limiting described foundry goods inner surface configuration and wall thickness; The top of described die cavity is provided with the location division for locating relative position between described core and described die cavity.The metal pattern die prodigiosin adopting manufacture method of the present invention to obtain shortens casting time, fast full shaping, improves yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal casting technology, particularly a kind of metal type dies and manufacture method, metal casting manufacturing apparatus.
Background technology
Gravity die casting process progressively rose in the last few years and applied technology more and more widely, and it is high that it has production efficiency, and production site area occupied is little, low to operating personnel's technical requirement, easily composition mechanization streamline, is applicable to scale batch production.
Existing casting machine complicated structure, be mainly reflected in whole mechanical action and adopt hydra-electric to control, every platform machine is accompanied with the larger hydraulic workstation of volume.Be used for the non-ferrous metals casting that temperature is lower in the past.For the casting of high temperature iron casting, operating temperature and environment temperature high, cause hydraulic oil high oil temperature, electrical accessorie is fragile, and equipment failure rate is high, and hydraulic tube is high easily by the high temperature liquid iron scaling loss of splashing.Hydraulic drive responsiveness is comparatively slow, and production efficiency is low.
And, the metal type dies of existing structure form is adopted to produce Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting, due to molten iron easy cooled and solidified in casting cycle, adopt the forging type of traditional foundry goods horizontal in die cavity, just solidify when often easily occurring that molten iron does not fill die cavity completely, therefore, there is the phenomenon of the fast foundry goods misrun of molten steel solidification, difficult forming, cause waste product.
In addition, existing traditional sand casting process is when pipe fitting is cast, due to the row made a concession that moulding sand has, when type is filled in molten iron casting under the effect of gravity and molten steel solidification dilation, the change in size scope of foundry goods is larger, for ensureing the requirement of pipe fitting minimum wall thickness (MINI W.), often strengthening the casting surplus of casting dimension, casting cost is increased.
In addition, metal current mould adopt heat-resisting strand processing metal shaped material somewhat expensive and easily produce fire check, service life is short, and production cost is high, this restriction permanent mold casting Technique Popularizing application bottleneck.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention proposes a kind of method manufacturing metal type dies, and the metal type dies adopting manufacture method of the present invention to obtain can shorten casting time, fast full shaping, improve yield rate.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of metal casting manufacturing apparatus being provided with this metal type dies.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The present invention also proposes a kind of method manufacturing above-mentioned metal type dies, and the method comprises: select the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure as the hot-rolled profile manufacturing metal type dies; Fashion metal type dies is manufactured according to the shape of foundry goods and structure; When blanking, the metal structure fibers direction that the rolling direction arranging described hot-rolled profile processes the metal type dies obtained is in level; Wherein, the metal type dies gross weight machined is not less than 75 times of described casting weight.This metal type dies is arranged on metal casting manufacturing apparatus, and this metal type dies comprises the first half mold and the second half mold that adopt the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure to process; Described first half mold and described second half mold respectively correspondence are provided with: formed during in order to cast the die cavity of foundry goods profile, cast gate, running channel, can be fixedly attached to the fixed feet on described metal casting manufacturing apparatus and can be bonded to each other when described first half mold and the second half mold close die joint; Described die cavity is the re-entrant cavity matched with the external surface shape of foundry goods, and is equipped with the core for limiting described foundry goods inner surface configuration and wall thickness; The top of described die cavity is provided with the location division for locating relative position between described core and described die cavity; Described cast gate is the corresponding top being arranged at described first half mold and the second half mold respectively; Described running channel is communicated with described cast gate, and extend into described die cavity from the top of described die cavity inner.
Further, in said method, described low carbon-structural steel is Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel, and its phosphorus content is in 0.12% ~ 0.22% scope; And/or the inner surface of described die cavity is coated with thermal insulation layer.
Further, in said method, described location division comprises locating core groove and core locating slot, and described locating core groove is arranged on the top of described die cavity, and the inner wall shape of described locating core groove matches with the profile of the location core print of described core; Described core locating slot is for locating relative position between the main body of described core and described die cavity; Described core is provided with locating flange, and the profile of described locating flange matches with the inner wall shape of described core locating slot.
Further, in said method, described first half mold and described second half mold are also respectively arranged with: the non-wiping dowel hole of relative position both keeping when closing for two half molds and alignment pin; Wherein, the position of the dowel hole on described first half mold and the alignment pin on described second half mold and matching size close; Position and the matching size of the dowel hole on the alignment pin on described first half mold and described second half mold close.
Further, in said method, when described first half mold and described second half mold close, the shape of described cast gate is flare bottom, top is cylindrical cavity; And/or the top of described running channel is connected with described cast gate cylinder, and bottom is connected with described die cavity; Wherein, the described running channel flat groove of spill that is the dimensioned required by the casting technique of foundry goods.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
The uniform low carbon-structural steel of material selection metallization structure of metal type dies of the present invention, its uniform in material is good, has good heat crack resistance and good welding performance, is convenient to the REPAIR WELDING when mould generation localized burn.In addition, the metal type dies gross weight machined is not less than 75 times of casting weight, with the ability making metal type dies have stronger absorption heat, and be unlikely to produce too high temperature rise cause metal mold ablation.In addition, during die blank blanking, should make the rolling direction texture of hot-rolled profile after Mould Machining completes is horizontal direction, to ensure that mould has enough bending strengths, improves cracking resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of metal casting manufacturing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of metal type dies in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of core in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention medium casting.
Description of reference numerals
1 metal casting manufacturing apparatus
2 metal type dies
21 first half molds
22 second half molds
3 cores
30 location core prints
31 locating flanges
32 core sand exports
33 core blind ends
4 foundry goods
5 frames
6 cover half are pulled
7 templates
The 8 moving platen axis of guides
9 pneumatic mold closing mechanisms
10 die cavities
11 cast gates
12 running channels
13 locating core grooves
14 dowel holes
15 alignment pins
16 fixed feet
17 core locating slots
18 die joints
19 core main bodys
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
Basic thought of the present invention is: design a kind of metal type dies and use the metal casting manufacturing apparatus of this mould, metal type dies is made up of a pair mold halves, adopt vertical-parting, cast gate is arranged on above mould, and running channel extends into die cavity from the top of die cavity.When mold halves closes, die joint is fitted completely, forms the cavity that foundry goods is shaping.Vertical-parting and the running gate system set-up mode of metal type dies are conducive to molten iron under gravity, and full fast in the narrow gap of die cavity and core is shaped.
Wherein, this metal casting manufacturing apparatus adopts pneumatic actuation to control, to cast pipeline central gas supply, and without the need to power supply.Metal casting manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is suitable for machinery casting production line and produces, and production efficiency is high, and occupation area of equipment is little, and fault rate declines greatly, and adopt pneumatic actuation to control, device action is rapid, and production efficiency is high.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, each preferred embodiment of the present invention is described further:
metal type dies embodiment one
See figures.1.and.2, the structure of the structure which respectively show the metal type dies of the present embodiment and the metal casting manufacturing apparatus that is provided with this metal type dies.
In the present embodiment, this metal type dies is arranged on metal casting manufacturing apparatus, and this metal type dies comprises the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 adopting the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure to process.First half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 respectively correspondence are provided with: formed during in order to cast the die cavity 10 of foundry goods profile, cast gate 11, running channel 12, can be fixedly attached to the fixed feet 16 on metal casting manufacturing apparatus and can be bonded to each other when the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 close die joint 18.
Wherein, die cavity 10 is the re-entrant cavity matched with the external surface shape of foundry goods, and is equipped with the core 3 for limiting foundry goods inner surface configuration and wall thickness; The top of die cavity 10 is provided with the location division for locating relative position between core 3 and die cavity 10.Cast gate 11 is the corresponding top being arranged at the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 respectively; Running channel 12 is communicated with cast gate 11, and extend into die cavity 10 from the top of die cavity 10 inner.
In above-described embodiment, low carbon-structural steel is Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel, and its phosphorus content is in 0.12% ~ 0.22% scope.Because ferro-alloy metal damage at high temperature, except by except high temperature melting, mainly because at high temperature metal generation thermal stress expands, cause structure crack.And this stress rupture, one is that the performance of being out of shape due to the high temperature heat-resistant of the structural constituent of metal material own determined, namely at high temperature dilatancy is little, and material has certain plasticity, not easily hardens, not easy to crack.Another aspect determined due to metal material tissue structure, and namely whether metallization structure is even, because tiny crackle, shrinkage cavity, hole, sand holes etc. are under thermal stress state, can form stress concentration point, cause crack of die.
As can be seen here, the choice of both, decides technique effect and cost.The strand processing mold selecting expensive heating resisting metal is focused in existing metal type dies design mostly, to improve the performance of the thermal stress cracking of mould.Find in the practical application of the present embodiment, the reason really causing crack of die to damage mainly strand metallization structure uneven, have fine defects, this exactly strand cannot overcome, be not the problem of material composition itself.
Therefore, cause the main cause of mold hot stress cracking to be mold materials uniform texture, consider that the material selected has certain plasticity simultaneously.Based on this understanding, the present embodiment has selected the most frequently used hot rolling common low carbon structural steel Q235.
On the one hand, this common used material has shaping hot-rolled thick plank material, and through rolling, uniform in material, internal structural flaw is few, cheap.On the other hand, the characteristic of the low carbon content of low carbon-structural steel Q235, makes it have good plasticity, and not easily hardens under alternately thermal shock.Prove through overtesting, the die life of this material can reach more than 8000 moulds time, is 4 times of heat-resisting alloy strand die life.
In addition, heat-resisting alloy strand mould cracks can not REPAIR WELDING, and adopts the metal type dies that hot rolling common low carbon structural steel Q235 makes, and has excellent welding performance, by REPAIR WELDING damaged location, can make to extend again its service life more than 2000 moulds time.
Comprehensive benefit, hot rolling common low carbon structural steel Q235 metal type dies service life is existing mold more than 5 times, material price be only existing heat-resisting alloy strand 40% less than, greatly reduce mould use cost.The economic serviceability of metal type dies cost to whole metal casting technology for making is most important, is also that metal current mould casting process fails the key factor of extensive use.
Therefore, from the system of selection of material, the present embodiment has more focused on the influence factor of uniformity to die life of material structure.
Preferably, the inner surface of die cavity 10 is coated with thermal insulation layer.Described metal type dies insulating moulding coating be a kind of cast for foundry goods at every turn before be sprayed on the water paint that the metal type dies mold cavity surface with uniform temperature can form the dry permeable coating of certain thickness.In order to ensure uniformity and the pipe fitting casting section thickness dimensional accuracy of coating, when specifically using, spraying before each casting of general employing, has cast after taking-up foundry goods, has needed to clean out remaining coating, then again spray, then cast.
The present embodiment determines that in research process metal type dies insulating moulding coating should possess following characteristic:
1) there is resistance to elevated temperatures, can withstand high temperatures molten iron, and foundry goods good looking appearance can be ensured;
2) there is heat preservation and insulation, with the setting rate of the programming rate and molten iron that slow down metal type dies;
3) there is good permeability, make to form air-permeable layer between foundry goods and metal mold die cavity, to absorb the gas produced in foundry goods casting process of setting;
4) there is certain strength of coating, come off to ensure that when molten iron is cast dry coating is not washed;
5) there is good release property and high temperature collapsibility, be convenient to the cleaning participating in coating in the foundry goods demoulding and die cavity.
The present embodiment is summing up the defect of the coating used of traditional handicraft in the past, have developed a kind of have high temperature resistant, heat-proof quality good, the Compound waterborne coating of good permeability and easy to clean, overcomes the deficiency that traditional handicraft coating used only has high temperature resistant simple function.Formulation for coating material mainly have employed the compositions such as kaolin, diatomite, bentonite, Water soluble organic binders.
Calcining fine-powdered kaolin used is exotic material, and its refractoriness is generally at about 1700 DEG C; A high temperature resistant protective finish can be formed in metal mold die cavity, to make mould can withstand high temperatures molten iron and be unlikely to ablated damage with the insulating moulding coating of its preparation.Compared with other exotic material, adopt kaolin except having high temperature resistant feature, foundry goods appearance roughness reduces, and presentation quality significantly improves.
Calcining fine-powdered diatomite used is high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation material, its fusing point 1650-1750 DEG C, and the non-conductor of heat is desirable heat-insulating heat-preserving material.Voidage is high, gas permeability and adsorption capacity high.A thermal insulation protection coating can be formed in metal mold die cavity with the insulating moulding coating of its preparation, to intercept and to slow down the heat conduction velocity of high temperature liquid iron to metal type dies, reduce mould temperature rise speed, slow down the setting rate of molten iron.While protection mould is from high temperature impact, thin-wall pipe foundry goods also can be avoided to produce spoken parts in traditional operas.Due to diatomaceous porous and gas permeability, the gas that Absorbable rod high temperature liquid iron produces when die cavity solidifies, avoids the generation of the defects such as cast(ing) surface pit and pore.
Calcining fine-powdered bentonite used is used for coating as the suspending agent of insulating moulding coating, binding agent and dispersant, suspended dispersed is in aqueous equably not only can to make powdery high temperature resistant heat insulation powder aggregate, and its adhesive property when making coating dry high temperature resistant heat insulation powder aggregate mutually to bond the coating being formed and there is some strength, washed away by high temperature liquid iron during to prevent from casting and come off, cause the defect such as cinder hole, sand holes.Meanwhile, bentonite can make coating after high temperature ablation, has good collapsibility, is convenient to the quick cleaning of the foundry goods demoulding and the remaining coating of die cavity inwall.
What in this paint formulation, Water soluble organic binders used was selected is polyvinyl alcohol, often adopt waterglass as adhesive in traditional handicraft chill coating, although waterglass has higher heat resistance, but it is the demoulding not easily, and remaining coating adhesion-tight after casting, not easy to clean, often produces map shape spot and the uneven problem of pipe fitting casting section thickness at cast(ing) surface.Adopt water-soluble poval organic bond, it not only can increase the intensity of dry coating, and is at high temperature easy to be burnt, and remaining strength of coating decreases, easy-clear.
In an embodiment, location division comprises locating core groove 13 and core locating slot 17, locating core groove 13, is location core print 20 and die cavity 10 with core 3; Core locating slot 17 is for locating relative position between the main body of core 3 and die cavity 10.Core 3 is provided with locating flange 31, the profile of locating flange 31 matches with the inner wall shape of core locating slot 17.
It should be noted that, metal type dies 2 material, through present inventor's repetition test, determines the slab shape extrusion selecting hot rolling common low carbon structural steel Q235.Selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel, phosphorus content is generally selected in 0.12 ~ 0.22% scope, and the low feature of its quenching degree had, makes it under the impact of high temperature liquid iron, be not easy to form at metal mold mold cavity surface the quench-hardened case easily cracked, there is good heat crack resistance.Selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel adopts general slab section bar, uniform in material is good, avoid internal flaw and casting stress that traditional work metal mold selects heat-resisting alloy strand easily to occur, there is good welding performance, be convenient to the REPAIR WELDING when mould generation localized burn.
What is particularly worth mentioning is that, selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel slab section bar processing metal mould, below Mould Machining blank size should meet:
A, the metal type dies gross weight machined are not less than 75 times of casting weight.Enough large weight can make metal type dies have the ability of stronger absorption heat, and be unlikely to produce too high temperature rise cause metal mold ablation.
When B, die blank blanking, should make the rolling direction texture of hot-rolled profile after Mould Machining completes is horizontal direction, namely the metal structure fibers direction of mould be in level with casting direction vertical, to ensure that mould has enough bending strengths, raising cracking resistance.
To sum up, selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel processing metal mould, material price is cheap, is only 40% of heat-resisting alloy strand, and is easy to buying.Uniform in material is good, thermal crack resistant, and die life is long, and can repeat maintenance, prosthetic is good, and use mould can reach more than 5000 times first, the service life through repairing can extend to 8000 ~ 10000 moulds.The heat-resisting alloy strand that traditional handicraft adopts, under equal process conditions, die life is only 1500 ~ 2000 moulds, and unrepairable.Compare visible, the metal type dies life-span of the present embodiment improves 4 ~ 5 times, ratio shared in die cost workinprocess cost is by 10 ~ 15% in the past, be reduced to less than 2.5%, greatly reducing production cost, is that this technology makes a breakthrough in the economic serviceability of Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting casting application.
In addition, it should be noted that, above-described embodiment preferably adopts the sand core structure of Dual positioning.This is because due to the cause of machining deviation, the assembling matching part of shell core core and metal type dies often must design and leave certain gap surplus, do not racked pressure break to guarantee that metal type dies installs when core closes.And the existence in gap often causes core to be arranged in metal type dies has microdisplacement, cause the casting section thickness after casting uneven.For solving this technical problem, the present embodiment proposes a kind of novel sand core structure, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 4, it illustrates the sand core structure described in the present embodiment.The sand core structure of the present embodiment sets up auxiliary location structure---locating flange, the free degree in restriction core body normal direction.Carrying out ratio with only adopting the traditional handicraft of single locate mode, reducing the displacement of core in metal type dies, ensure that the uniformity of casting section thickness.
As shown in Figure 1, core 3 is arranged on the metal type dies 2 for casting, and this core comprises: core main body 19, location core print 30, locating flange 31, core sand export 32 and core blind end 33.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the profile of core main body 19 is consistent with cast-internal spatial form, the upper end of core main body 19, lower end and side respectively correspondence offer upper shed, under shed and side opening, and upper shed, under shed and side opening are respectively arranged with the location core print 30 for locating core main body 19 and metal type dies 2 relative position.The location core print 30 that under shed and side opening place are arranged is equipped with the core blind end 33 for closing openings, and the location core print 30 that upper shed place is arranged is provided with core sand export 32.Wherein, locating core groove 13 inner wall shape that the profile of location core print 30 is corresponding with on metal type dies 2 matches.
In a preferred embodiment, the lateral surface of core sand export 32 is provided with the locating flange 31 for locating core main body 19 and metal type dies 2 relative position.
Further, in above-described embodiment, core 3 is the resin sand entity of the hollow thin-wall of the profile one end open consistent with foundry goods 4 interior space shape, for being arranged on metal type dies 2 before casting pouring.Locating core groove 13 inner wall shape of locating core print 30 profile corresponding with on metal type dies 2 matches, for the relative position of fixing core 3 with metal type dies 2, to make the gap of the maintenance design code between die cavity 10 inwall and core main body 19 outer wall.Locating flange profile 21 matches with core locating slot 17 inner wall shape in metal type dies 2, fixes the relative position of itself and metal type dies 2 during for laying core 3.Metal mold sand core structure and feature as follows:
In a preferred embodiment, core main body 19 is the thermosetting Precoated resin sand shell-and-core structure of hollow thin-wall.Such as: a kind of the thermosetting film covered resin sand shell core sand core structure form and the material that are applicable to permanent mold casting Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting can be selected.Use conventional clay core production efficiency ground, core poor air permeability to solve, outward appearance is slightly made, and casting accuracy hierarchically, foundry goods easily produces the problem of the casting flaws such as airhole.
It is pointed out that core 3 can adopt thermosetting phenolic resin film-covering sand hot corebox core procedure, process through core equipment and core box core making mould.Therefore, core 3 has the good feature of high temperature resistant ablation, foundry goods not scab, good permeability and collapsibility.
In above-described embodiment, resin sand core refers to that the core of hollow can be used for formative technology as multiple in tide mould sand, resin sand etc., wall thickness more options 8 ~ 10mm scope of general core, reason is that above-mentioned formative technology is when molten iron is cast, cooling is slow, if core is too thin, easily burns core and cause and metal run out, make foundry goods cannot be shaping.And in permanent mold casting, due to molten iron cast time, cooling is very fast, and heat is absorbed by metal type dies mostly, therefore suitably reduces core wall thickness, still can ensure that core is not burned, burn, can greatly reduce costs.
The improvement effect of the metal mold of integrated embodiment, insulating moulding coating and sand shell core core, solve conventional casting techniques presentation quality coarse, dimensional accuracy grade is low, and casting surplus is large to be waited not enough, and institute produces the Thin-wall Gray Iron visual quality of casting and reaches half and smartly cast grade, dimensional accuracy deviation is by ± 0.5mm, bring up to ± 0.1mm, reduce casting surplus, the weight of like product have dropped about 15%, save molten iron, reduce production cost.
For the structure of above-mentioned core, introduce a kind of core manufacturing craft embodiment of above-mentioned core below:
The present embodiment is in metal mold Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting casting technique, selects the core manufacturing craft method of this maturation.Difference is: the present embodiment is fast in conjunction with metal mold cooling, and the feature that resin sand core is not easily burned, have employed the method for thinning core wall thickness, to reduce costs.So there is no the preferred embodiment of convincingness.
Below, the present embodiment will be described further thin-shell type core resin sand core core manufacturing craft:
Core is the shaping sand mould material of pipe fitting foundry goods tube chamber.Traditional sand casting and gravity die casting process generally adopt solid clay sand core, solid resin sand core or hollow heavy wall film covered sand core.In prior art, there are the following problems to adopt the core of conventional casting techniques for Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process:
1) adopt solid clay sand core, generally adopt manual production, production efficiency is low, due to the solid construction of core, when casting for Metal mould casting, exhaust performance is very poor, easily occurs the casting flaws such as pore burning into sand, and the core sand of cast-internal cleaning difficulty, labour intensity is large;
2) adopt solid resin sand core, although can adopt mechanization production, production efficiency is high, but still exists and has clapped the bad problem with sand removal difficulty of effect, and material cost is high;
3) consider and improve Production Practice of Casting Technologies and enhancing productivity, also adopt thermosetting precoated sand to penetrate sand solidification in a mold in traditional sand mold machine moulding technique and make two halves sand mold, be then combined into hollow heavy wall core.
This traditional core production efficiency is high, also the problem of casting exhaust and sand removal difficulty is solved, but due to during traditional sand casting process molten iron cooling and setting rate slow, core surface is often reached 7 ~ 8mm by the degree of depth of high temperature liquid iron scaling loss, in order to ensure that hollow sand cores is not loose by burning, the wall thickness of hollow sand cores is often beyond 10mm, precoated sand material price is expensive; Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting is lightweight; unit casting weight has exceeded 1: 1 with the ratio of sand weight; make coremaking cost account for 1/3rd of founding materials cost, and product cost lacks competitive advantage.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present embodiment have developed a kind of thin-shell type core resin sand core procedure, and core material selects thermosetting phenolic resin precoated sand, and coremaking adopts hot box core procedure, the overall thin-shell type structure of core design.Select the reason of this technical scheme as follows:
1) thermosetting phenolic resin film-covering sand hot corebox core procedure can adopt mechanization production, and production efficiency is high, core steady quality, and dimensional accuracy is high, production equipment and process technology maturation, can effectively support the thickness that ground controls core.
2) adopt overall shell structure, can make to make tubular body core have stable mechanical strength structure, be convenient to store, carry and install in metal mold.Meanwhile, easily form the deficiency of burr when overall shell structure can avoid combining structure core to cast at combination position, gap, increase casting grinding cost
3) thin-shell type structure is adopted can to reduce coremaking cost widely.Found by repetition test, because Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process is when molten iron is cast, the cooling of molten iron and setting rate are far away faster than traditional sand casting, after casting, the scaling loss degree of depth of core only has 2 ~ 3mm, according to this experimental data, the thin-shell type core of the present embodiment design employing 5 ~ 6mm wall thickness, in addition the overall shell structure with some strength is adopted, proved by actual production checking, it can meet the requirement of casting technique and operation completely, and makes coremaking cost have dropped 45 ~ 50%.
4) in the present embodiment core manufacturing craft also can adopt in the coremaking of heavy wall phenolic resins and PIC two component gases solidification cold box resin sand, this technique is applicable to the comparatively complicated core of structure and makes, although operation is slightly aobvious complicated, wall thickness is also thicker, but cold box resin sand facies want cheap 40% for thermosetting precoated sand material price, and integrated cost is still low than thermosetting precoated sand.
Therefore, a kind of thin-shell type core resin sand core method in the present embodiment, solves the impact on casting quality and production cost of core in Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process.
metal type dies embodiment two
See figures.1.and.2, the structure of the metal pattern die lamps structure which respectively show the present embodiment and the metal casting manufacturing apparatus using the present embodiment metal type dies.
In the present embodiment, this metal type dies comprises: the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22.First half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 correspondence are provided with: form the die cavity 10 of foundry goods profile, cast gate 11, running channel 12, fixed feet 16, die joint 18 and the core 3 according to the various embodiments described above for limiting cast shape and wall thickness during in order to cast.
Wherein, die cavity 10 is the re-entrant cavity matched with the external surface shape of foundry goods.Cast gate 11 is the corresponding top being arranged at the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 respectively, and running channel 12 is communicated with cast gate 11, and extend into die cavity 10 from the top of die cavity 10 inner.Die joint 18 keeps plumbness, and when the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 close, die joint 18 is bonded to each other.
In the present embodiment, cast gate 11 requires according to the casting technique of foundry goods 4 top being arranged on metal mold, when two its shapes of mould closed type be top flare, bottom is cylindrical cavity, running channel 12 requires dimensioned and the flat groove of concavity according to the casting technique of foundry goods 4, top is connected with cast gate 11 cylinder, bottom is connected with the die cavity 10 of metal type dies 2, when casting, molten iron is poured into by cast gate 11, flow into through running channel 12 and be full of the space between the core main body 19 of die cavity 10 and sand mold 3, forming foundry goods 4 entity.
It should be noted that, the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 are also respectively arranged with: for the locating core groove 13 of fixing core relative position in die cavity 10, locating core groove 13 is arranged on the top of die cavity 10.Wherein, the profile of core 3 being located core print 30 matches with the inner wall shape of described locating core groove 13.
In the present embodiment, the first half mold 21 is fixedly attached on metal casting manufacturing apparatus respectively by respective fixed feet 16 is relative with the second half mold 22.
Such as, the fixed feet 16 of metal type dies 2 is welded on metal type dies 2 both sides rectangle steel plate, is fastened by bolts or the mold halves of metal type dies 2 is fixed on metal casting manufacturing apparatus by mode that a kind of pressing plate is fixed leg 16 respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, die cavity 10 is the re-entrant cavities matched with foundry goods 4 external surface shape, shaped casting profile during in order to cast.Locating core groove 13 is the re-entrant cavities matched with location core print 30 external surface shape of core 3, in order to the relative position of fixing core 3 in metal type dies 2, to ensure that foundry goods 4 meets the wall thickness requirement of design code.
Preferably, the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 are also respectively arranged with: the non-wiping dowel hole 14 of relative position both keeping when closing for two half molds and alignment pin 15.Wherein, the position of the dowel hole 14 on the first half mold 21 and the alignment pin 15 on the second half mold 22 and size is corresponding coincide.The position of the alignment pin 15 on the first half mold 21 and the dowel hole 14 on the second half mold 22 and size is corresponding coincide.
Such as, in metal type dies 2, each half mold is respectively equipped with a dowel hole 14 and an alignment pin 15, and its position and size are determined by design according to different foundry goods.Wherein, the position of half die positioning pin 15 and second half mould locating hole 14 and size is corresponding coincide, keeps relative position not to be shifted, guarantees that foundry goods appearance and size meets designing requirement during to ensure that metal type dies 2 mold halves closes.
In a preferred embodiment, locating core groove 13 is also provided with: for locating the core locating slot 17 of core position in the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22.Core locating slot 17 is that the locating flange that core is arranged matches.That is, the inner wall shape of core locating slot 17 matches with the profile of the locating flange 31 that described core 3 is arranged.
In the present embodiment, core locating slot 17 is the re-entrant cavities matched with locating flange 31 external surface shape of core 3, in order to prevent core 3 displacement when casting be arranged in metal type dies 2, to ensure the casting dimensional accuracy of foundry goods.
In above-described embodiment, metal type dies 2 is for casting Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting, and adopt vertical-parting structure, namely the die joint 18 of metal type dies 2 keeps plumbness, and when the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 close, die joint 18 is bonded to each other.
Such as, when the mold halves of metal type dies 2 closes, die joint 18 fit completely formed metal type dies 2 ~ individual cavity.Wherein, the plane that formed for the outline closed line projected according to the parting direction of casting design of die joint 18 or curved surface.Therefore, the die joint 18 of the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 will be fitted completely when mold halves closes, and during to ensure that foundry goods is cast, molten iron does not leak the shaping rear smooth demoulding with foundry goods 4.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, metal casting manufacturing apparatus can comprise: frame 5, solid plate 6, moving platen 7, the moving platen axis of guide 8, pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9 and metal type dies 2.Wherein, metal type dies 2 is a pair mold halves, and correspondence is arranged on solid plate 6 and moving platen 7 respectively.Solid plate 6 is installed in frame 5, and the moving platen axis of guide 8 is arranged between frame 5 and solid plate 6, and is arranged in moving platen 7.Mold closing mechanism one end is fixed in frame 5, and the other end is connected on moving platen 7; Under the drive of pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, moving platen 7 moves back and forth on the moving platen axis of guide 8, completes out mould assembling action.
Here, be applied to above-mentioned metal casting manufacturing apparatus for example with a metal type dies, metal type dies 2 be described further:
Metal type dies 2 is by a pair mold halves---and the first half mold 21 and the second half mold 22 form, comprise die cavity 10, cast gate 11, running channel 12, locating core groove 13, dowel hole 14, alignment pin 15, fixed feet 16, core locating slot 17 and die joint 18, metal type dies 2 is fixedly mounted on solid plate 6 on metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 and moving platen 7 by fixed feet 16 respectively, moving platen 7 makes metal type dies 2 mold halves closed together under the Level Promoting of pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, dowel hole 14 relative on metal type dies 2 and alignment pin 15 agree with when mold halves closes, its relative position is fixed, the die joint 18 of mold halves keeps complete fit-state when mold halves closes.
In sum, in the various embodiments described above, metal type dies 2 is made up of a pair mold halves, and adopt vertical-parting, cast gate 11 is arranged on above mould, and running channel 12 extends into die cavity 10 from the top of die cavity 10.When mold halves closes, die joint 18 is fitted completely, forms the cavity that foundry goods is shaping.Vertical-parting and the running gate system set-up mode of metal type dies are conducive to molten iron under gravity, and full fast in the narrow gap of die cavity and core is shaped.Compared with the pop gate of existing top, the metal type dies 2 of the various embodiments described above can shorten casting time, avoids the foundry goods misrun phenomenon of the long appearance of filling time, improves yield rate.
In addition, the metal type dies 2 of the various embodiments described above adopts overall structure, and the location of metal type dies 2 pairs of metal mold cores adopts locating core groove and core locating slot Dual positioning mode, to ensure positioning precision and casting dimension accuracy.
It should be noted that, the mould of existing employing package assembly, when this mould high-temperature heating, easily produce distortion, position when causing mould to assemble changes, and matched moulds difficulty, affects positioning precision during mould matched moulds.In addition assembly jig, parts heating status is inconsistent, can form mold parting surface and to arch upward distortion, cause matched moulds gap to increase, metal run out, cause casting wasted product rate to increase.In comparison, the metal type dies 2 of the present embodiment adopts unitary mould structure, has that heat transfer is not obstructed, an advantage of temperature distortion comparatively uniformity, prevents the above-described problem from occurring.
permanent mold casting apparatus embodiments
With reference to Fig. 1, it illustrates the structure of the metal casting manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment.The metal casting manufacturing apparatus of this example comprises: frame 5, solid plate 6, moving platen 7, the moving platen axis of guide 8, mold closing mechanism and metal type dies 2.Wherein, metal type dies 2 is a pair mold halves, and correspondence is arranged on solid plate 6 and moving platen 7 respectively.Solid plate 6 is installed in frame 5, and the moving platen axis of guide 8 is arranged between frame 5 and solid plate 6, and is arranged in moving platen 7.Mold closing mechanism one end is installed in frame 5, and the other end is arranged on moving platen 7.Under the drive of mold closing mechanism, moving platen 7 moves back and forth on the moving platen axis of guide 8, completes out mould assembling action.
It should be noted that, the mold closing mechanism described in upper embodiment can be pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, manual or electric screw mold closing mechanism.Wherein, hand screw mold closing mechanism can be used for small lot batch manufacture, and electric screw mold closing mechanism can be used for the situation not having gas source condition.Here, the mold closing mechanism of the present embodiment preferably can adopt pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9.
The metal casting manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment design, employing pneumatic actuation controls, to cast pipeline central gas supply, only need source of the gas and without the need to power supply, there is the features such as structure is simple, occupation area of equipment is little, device action speed is fast, production efficiency is high, handling mould is quick, be particularly very suitable for machinery casting production line and produce.In addition, the permanent mold casting maintenance of equipment of the present invention's design is convenient, easy and simple to handle, its fault rate is declined greatly, and it is low to reduce operation cost, is extremely convenient to the automatic foundry production line of composition mechanization.
Therefore, the metal casting manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment development and design is applicable to the pneumatic of machinery casting production line, and effectively can solve gravity type casting machine complex structure used at present, involves great expense, and responsiveness is slow, and production efficiency is low waits the problems such as not enough.
In above-described embodiment, frame 5 comprises: horizontal section steel framework 51 and the vertical strengthening steel slab 52 for fixed air dynamic circuit connector die device 9; Wherein, horizontal section steel framework 51 welds with vertical strengthening steel slab 52 or one-body molded.In above-described embodiment, solid plate 6 is vertically connected at horizontal section steel framework 51.
In a preferred embodiment, reinforcement is provided with between the outside of vertical strengthening steel slab 52 and horizontal section steel framework 51.
In above-described embodiment, four angles of solid plate 6 and vertical strengthening steel slab 52 and two diagonal angles of moving platen 7 offer the axis hole for installing the moving platen axis of guide 8 respectively.Wherein, what moving platen 7 was offered is corresponding with the axis hole position on solid plate 6 for the axis hole position of installing the moving platen axis of guide 8.
It should be noted that, the moving platen axis of guide 8 is at least two or more, and the moving platen axis of guide 8 requires to select the axis hole of any two or more diagonal angle distribution to install according to operation easily, and passes through fastening nuts.
In above-described embodiment, one end of the moving platen axis of guide 8 is arranged in the axis hole of two diagonal angle distributions on vertical strengthening steel slab 52, and the other end is arranged in the axis hole corresponding with axis hole selected on vertical strengthening steel slab 52 on solid plate 6.Wherein, moving platen 7 is arranged on the moving platen axis of guide 8 by axis hole.
In above-described embodiment, the center, side of solid plate 6 offers the installation screw for being fixedly connected with pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9.Center, moving platen 7 side offers the installing hole be connected with the cylinder spindle nose of pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, and moving platen 7 side center mounting hole and pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9 cylinder spindle nose are bolted connection.Wherein, solid plate 6 and moving platen 7 offer the perforated holes of two or more for fixing metal mould 2 respectively.In above-described embodiment, metal type dies 2 is vertical-parting structure, and the cast gate side disposed thereon of metal type dies 2, its running channel enters in chamber from die cavity top.
Visible, it is simple that metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 has structure, quick action, and production efficiency is high, and handling mould is quick, only needs source of the gas, without the need to energising, easy to maintenance, easy and simple to handle, the features such as operation cost is low.The automatic foundry production line of mechanization can be formed easily.
And traditional fluid pressure type gravity force casting machine, subsidiary hydraulic workstation, conduit under fluid pressure, solenoid electric valve and hydraulic jack, complex structure, run action is slow, and to high-temperature severe environment bad adaptability, floor space is large, involving great expense, is more than 10 times of metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 cost.
Below in conjunction with an example, the metal casting manufacturing apparatus of above-described embodiment is described further:
In this example, can be shown in Figure 1, metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 comprises frame 5, solid plate 6, moving platen 7, two gentle dynamic circuit connector die devices 9 of the moving platen axis of guide 8, solid plate vertical welding is in frame 5, two moving platen axis of guides 8 are arranged on frame 5 and solid plate 6, and moving platen 7 is arranged on the horizontal reciprocating movement that to be connected on two moving platen axis of guides 8 and with pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9.
Wherein, metal casting manufacturing apparatus is for the manufacture of Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting, and the frame 5 of metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 is welded to form by horizontal section steel framework 51 with for the vertical strengthening steel slab 52 of fixed air dynamic circuit connector die device 9; Vertical strengthening steel slab 52 4 angles are processed with the axis hole for installing the moving platen axis of guide 8.
Solid plate 6 vertical welding is on the structural steel frame of frame 5, solid plate 6 four angles are processed with the axis hole for installing the moving platen axis of guide 8, center, solid plate 6 side is processed with the installation screw of fixed air dynamic circuit connector die device 9, solid plate 6 is processed with multiple perforated holes for fixing metal mould 2;
The two moving platen axis of guide 8 one end are arranged in the axis hole of two diagonal angle distributions on the vertical strengthening steel slab 52 of frame 5, and with fastening nuts, the other end is arranged in solid plate 6 axis hole corresponding with axis hole selected on vertical strengthening steel slab 52, uses fastening nuts.Wherein, two moving platen axis of guides 8 can require to select the axis hole of any two diagonal angles distribution to install according to the operation facility of metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1.
Two diagonal angles of moving platen 7 are processed with the axis hole for installing the moving platen axis of guide 8, center, moving platen 7 side is processed with the installing hole be connected with the cylinder spindle nose of pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, moving platen 7 is processed with multiple perforated holes for fixing metal mould 2.Wherein, the axis hole position of moving platen 7 is corresponding with the axis hole position of solid plate 6 being installed the moving platen axis of guide 8, moving platen 7 is arranged on the moving platen axis of guide 8 by axis hole, moving platen 7 side center mounting hole and pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9 cylinder spindle nose are bolted connection, drive this moving platen 7 to move back and forth on the moving platen axis of guide 8 by pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9 cylinder, complete out mould assembling action.
It is to be noted, in the present embodiment, metal type dies 2 is made up of a pair mold halves, comprise die cavity 10, cast gate 11, running channel 12, locating core groove 13, dowel hole 14, alignment pin 15, fixed feet 16, core locating slot 17 and die joint 18, metal type dies 2 is fixedly mounted on solid plate 6 on metal casting manufacturing apparatus 1 and moving platen 7 by fixed feet 16 respectively, moving platen 7 makes two of metal type dies 2 half molds closed together under the Level Promoting of pneumatic mold closing mechanism 9, dowel hole 14 relative on metal type dies 2 and alignment pin 15 agree with when mold halves closes, its relative position is fixed, the die joint 18 of mold halves keeps complete fit-state when mold halves closes.
Wherein, metal type dies 2 adopts vertical-parting structure, and namely the die joint of metal type dies 2 keeps plumbness.Metal type dies 2 is made up of a pair mold halves, and when mold halves closes, die joint is fitted form a cavity of metal type dies 2 completely.Wherein, die cavity 10 is the re-entrant cavities matched with cast outer surface shape, shaped casting profile during in order to cast.On the solid plate 6 that the mold halves of metal type dies 2 is fixed on said metal mold casting equipment 1 respectively and moving platen 7.
In one embodiment, core 3 is established in metal type dies 2, the locating core groove of metal type dies 2 is the re-entrant cavities matched with the location core print external surface shape of core 3, in order to the relative position of fixing core 3 in metal type dies 2, to ensure that foundry goods 4 meets the wall thickness requirement of design code.
Preferably, metal type dies 2 mould structure adopts vertical-parting, and cast gate is arranged on above mould, and running channel enters die cavity inside from die cavity top.This somatotype and running gate system set-up mode are conducive to molten iron under gravity, full fast in the narrow gap of die cavity and core is shaped, shorten casting time, avoid the foundry goods misrun phenomenon because of the long appearance of filling time, improve yield rate.
Metal type dies 2 is a kind of Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting metal type dies, and metal type dies 2 adopts vertical-parting structure, and namely the die joint 18 of metal type dies 2 keeps plumbness.Metal type dies 2 is made up of a pair mold halves, and when mold halves closes, die joint 18 is fitted form a cavity of metal type dies 2 completely.
Wherein, die cavity 10 is the re-entrant cavities matched with foundry goods 4 external surface shape, shaped casting profile during in order to cast.Cast gate 11 requires according to the casting technique of foundry goods 4 top being arranged on metal mold, be cylindrical cavity when two its shapes of mould closed type are flare bottom, top, running channel 12 requires dimensioned and the flat groove of concavity according to the casting technique of foundry goods 4, top is connected with cast gate 11 cylinder, bottom is connected with the die cavity 10 of metal type dies 2, when casting, molten iron is poured into by cast gate 11, flow into through running channel 12 and be full of the space between the core main body 19 of die cavity 10 and sand mold 3, forming foundry goods 4 entity.
In an embodiment, locating core groove 13 is the re-entrant cavities matched with location core print 30 external surface shape of core 3, in order to the relative position of fixing core 3 in metal type dies 2, to ensure that foundry goods 4 meets the wall thickness requirement of design code.Wherein, core locating slot 17 is the re-entrant cavities matched with locating flange 31 external surface shape of core 3, in order to prevent core 3 displacement when casting be arranged in metal type dies 2, to ensure the casting dimensional accuracy of foundry goods.
In a preferred embodiment, each half mold of metal type dies 2 mold halves is respectively equipped with a dowel hole 14 and an alignment pin 15, and its position and size are determined by design according to different foundry goods.Wherein, the position of half die positioning pin 15 and second half mould locating hole 14 and size is corresponding coincide, keeps relative position not to be shifted, guarantees that foundry goods appearance and size meets designing requirement during to ensure that metal type dies 2 mold halves closes.
In above-described embodiment, the fixed feet 16 of metal type dies 2 is welded on metal type dies 2 both sides rectangle steel plate, is fastened by bolts or on solid plate 6 that the mold halves of metal type dies 2 is fixed on said metal mold casting equipment 1 by mode that a kind of pressing plate is fixed leg 16 respectively and moving platen 7.
Wherein, the die joint 18 of metal type dies 2 is the plane that formed of the outline closed line of the parting direction projection designed according to foundry goods 4 or curved surface, the die joint 18 of metal mold 20 mold halves will be fitted completely when mold halves closes, and during to ensure that foundry goods is cast, molten iron does not leak the shaping rear smooth demoulding with foundry goods 4.
In sum, metal type dies 2 mould structure adopts vertical-parting, and cast gate 11 is arranged on above mould, and running channel 12 enters die cavity 10 from die cavity 10 top.This somatotype and running gate system set-up mode are conducive to molten iron under gravity, and full fast in the narrow gap of die cavity and core is shaped, and shortens casting time, avoids the foundry goods misrun phenomenon of the long appearance of filling time, improve yield rate.
Compared with prior art, the various embodiments described above of the present invention have following advantage:
The metal casting manufacturing apparatus of the various embodiments described above design of the present invention, employing pneumatic actuation controls, to cast pipeline central gas supply, only need source of the gas and without the need to power supply, there is the features such as structure is simple, occupation area of equipment is little, device action speed is fast, production efficiency is high, handling mould is quick, be particularly very suitable for machinery casting production line and produce.In addition, the permanent mold casting maintenance of equipment of the present invention's design is convenient, easy and simple to handle, its fault rate is declined greatly, and it is low to reduce operation cost, is extremely convenient to the automatic foundry production line of composition mechanization.
Therefore, the pneumatic metal casting manufacturing apparatus being applicable to machinery casting production line of development and design of the present invention, effectively can solve gravity type casting machine complex structure used at present, involve great expense, and responsiveness is slow, and production efficiency is low waits the problems such as not enough.
Technical problem solved by the invention, to reduction production cost, is improved the quality of products, is realized convenient and efficient mechanization production, alleviate the dependence etc. of conventional casting techniques to high salary moulding skilled worker and have the resultant effect that is mutually related.The enforcement of achievement of the present invention is that gravity die casting process technology has strided forward major step to economy and practicality, its product integrated cost not only far below traditional machinery casting mode, and lower than manual forging type with low cost.Product quality also reach above-mentioned two kinds of modes of production be beyond one's reach half essence casting hierarchy level.The Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting permanent mold casting production line set up by technical scheme of the present invention, make it to become current domestic quality best, cost is minimum, the iron drain-pipe part production base that production efficiency is high and the most largest.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method manufacturing metal type dies described in the various embodiments described above, and the method comprises: select the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure as the hot-rolled profile manufacturing metal type dies; Fashion metal type dies is manufactured according to the shape of foundry goods and structure; When blanking, the metal structure fibers direction that the rolling direction arranging described hot-rolled profile processes the metal type dies obtained is in level; The metal type dies gross weight machined is not less than 75 times of described casting weight.
As mentioned above, it should be noted that, metal type dies 2 material, through present inventor's repetition test, determines the slab shape extrusion selecting hot rolling common low carbon structural steel Q235.Selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel, phosphorus content is generally selected in 0.12 ~ 0.22% scope, and the low feature of its quenching degree had, makes it under the impact of high temperature liquid iron, be not easy to form at metal mold mold cavity surface the quench-hardened case easily cracked, there is good heat crack resistance.Selected Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel adopts general slab section bar, uniform in material is good, avoid internal flaw and casting stress that traditional work metal mold selects heat-resisting alloy strand easily to occur, there is good welding performance, be convenient to the REPAIR WELDING when mould generation localized burn.
When contacting with metal type dies for preventing high temperature iron liquid further, Quench produces spoken parts in traditional operas phenomenon, and the present invention also provides a kind of and is applicable to the hot metal composition of Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process and controls the embodiment of the method for spoken parts in traditional operas.In the present embodiment, during permanent mold casting cooling velocity be the decades of times of traditional sand mold to hundreds of times, particularly Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting foundry goods, because cooling velocity is fast, very easily forms white structure.In order to eliminate the white structure in foundry goods, except selecting suitable insulating moulding coating to reduce except molten iron cooling velocity, suitable molten iron carbon equivalent (CE) and inoculation method is selected to be the important steps promoting graphitization and prevent spoken parts in traditional operas from producing.According to casting pig Exemplary chemical composition and metallographic structure performance, metallographic structure morphogenetic important parameter when carbon equivalent (CE) is impact cast iron solidified crystallization, the carbon equivalent (CE) of the general molten iron of tradition sand casting controls about 4.3%, and this molten iron is used for permanent mold casting and is easy to produce spoken parts in traditional operas.There is data introduction, permanent mold casting molten iron carbon equivalent should control 4.9% ~ 5.0%, find in practice, reach this control range to need to add more carburant and ferrosilicon when cast iron melting, this not only adds the material cost of molten iron, and too high carbon equivalent easily produces the cold brittleness of foundry goods, foundry goods mechanical strength is reduced, and pipe fitting is very easily damaged.
Therefore, the present embodiment combines by experiment and adopts metal mold insulating moulding coating, have developed one be for Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process molten iron chemical composition and control the method for spoken parts in traditional operas.
1) molten iron five kinds of main chemical compositions:
Carbon C3.5 ~ 3.8%, silicon Si2.5 ~ 2.8%, manganese Mn0.3 ~ 0.5%, phosphorus P≤0.6%, sulphur S≤0.1%; Wherein, in the base iron before non-adjusting component, the content of Mn, P, S must not exceed higher limit; Pass through when C content does not reach lower limit in furnace charge, add carburant adjustment; By adding inovulant ferrosilicon to adjust in preparation process when Si content does not reach lower limit; It should be noted that P content in molten iron chemical composition of the present invention higher than in traditional handicraft≤Con trolling index of 0.3%, its role is to suitably to improve in permanent mold casting the mobility that P content contributes to improving molten iron, improve the heat crack resistance of foundry goods.
2) control of carbon equivalent ce:
In the present embodiment, carbon equivalent controls: CE=[C+0.3 (Si+P)] % >=4.5%; Wherein, the employing of metal mold insulating moulding coating in the present embodiment, the carbon equivalent controlling value reached needed for the permanent mold casting in the past of carbon equivalent controlling value ratio is made to reduce 0.3 ~ 0.5%, decrease the use amount of carburant and ferrosilicon, save material cost (because often increase by the carbon equivalent of 0.1%, need 75 silicon promoting 0.45%, by the reducing amount of carbon equivalent 0.3 ~ 0.5%, molten iron per ton can reduce material cost 120 ~ 200 yuan).
3) the breeding of molten iron:
In the present embodiment molten iron breed be by before molten iron is come out of the stove, pour ladle and casting ladle into time, a certain amount of ferrosilicon (inovulant) is added in molten iron, these three kinds are bred mode and are called: breed in stove, large subsumption educates and ladle inoculation, its objective is to adjust carbon equivalent >=4.5% further, promote graphitization, prevent foundry goods from producing spoken parts in traditional operas.
Breed in stove: employing silicone content is 75 ferrosilicon of 75%, lumpiness size 20 ~ 50mm, when molten iron temperature in electric melting furnace reaches 1350 ~ 1380 DEG C, add ferrosilicon according to the content of C and Si in molten iron chemical examination composition, addition according to meet carbon equivalent ce equal 4.5% and the absorptivity 90% of Silicon in Ferrosilicon calculate.
Large subsumption is educated: first in ladle by ladle contain 0.1% of weight of molten iron and add 75 ferrosilicon, when the molten iron after breeding in stove reaches tapping temperature 1400 ~ 1420 DEG C, high temperature liquid iron is poured ladle and completes large subsumption and educate.When large subsumption is educated, ferrosilicon granularity in 1 ~ 5mm scope, to make ferrosilicon fast melt, should improve absorptivity.
Parcel breeds: first in molten iron casting ladle, contain 0.1% of weight of molten iron by casting ladle institute and add 75 ferrosilicon, before casting, ladle molten iron is poured casting ladle, complete parcel and breed.When parcel breeds, ferrosilicon granularity in 1 ~ 3mm scope, to make ferrosilicon fast melt, should improve pregnant effect.
In sum, a kind of hot metal composition being applicable to Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process and the method controlling spoken parts in traditional operas in the present embodiment, make a kind of more economical and can ensure that the molten iron of pipe fitting castings material performance is applied in Thin-wall Gray Iron pipe fitting gravity die casting process.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. manufacture a method for metal type dies, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Select the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure as the hot-rolled profile manufacturing metal type dies;
Described metal type dies is manufactured according to the shape of foundry goods and structure; When blanking, the metal structure fibers direction that the rolling direction arranging described hot-rolled profile processes the metal type dies obtained is in level;
Wherein, the metal type dies gross weight machined is not less than 75 times of described casting weight; Described metal type dies comprises the first half mold (21) and the second half mold (22) that adopt the uniform low carbon-structural steel of metallization structure to process; Described first half mold (21) and described second half mold (22) respectively correspondence are provided with: formed during in order to cast the die cavity (10) of foundry goods profile, cast gate (11), running channel (12), can be fixedly attached to the fixed feet (16) on metal casting manufacturing apparatus and can be bonded to each other when described first half mold (21) and the second half mold (22) close die joint (18); Described die cavity (10) is the re-entrant cavity matched with the external surface shape of foundry goods, and is equipped with the core (3) for limiting described foundry goods inner surface configuration and wall thickness; The top of described die cavity (10) is provided with the location division for locating relative position between described core (3) and described die cavity (10); Described cast gate (11) respectively correspondence is arranged at the top of described first half mold (21) and the second half mold (22); Described running channel (12) is communicated with described cast gate (11), and extend into described die cavity (10) from the top of described die cavity (10) inner.
2. the method for manufacture metal type dies according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described low carbon-structural steel is Q235 hot rolling common low carbon structural steel, and its phosphorus content is in 0.12% ~ 0.22% scope; And/or,
The inner surface of described die cavity (10) is coated with thermal insulation layer.
3. the method for the manufacture metal type dies according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described location division comprises locating core groove (13) and core locating slot (17), described locating core groove (13) is arranged on the top of described die cavity (10), and the inner wall shape of described locating core groove (13) matches with the profile of the location core print (30) of described core (3); Described core locating slot (17) is for locating relative position between the main body of described core (3) and described die cavity (10);
Described core (3) is provided with locating flange (31), the profile of described locating flange (31) matches with the inner wall shape of described core locating slot (17).
4. the method for manufacture metal type dies according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described first half mold (21) and described second half mold (22) are also respectively arranged with: the non-wiping dowel hole of relative position (14) both keeping when closing for two half molds and alignment pin (15);
Wherein, position and the matching size of the alignment pin (15) on the dowel hole (14) on described first half mold (21) and described second half mold (22) close;
Position and the matching size of the dowel hole (14) on the alignment pin (15) on described first half mold (21) and described second half mold (22) close.
5. the method for manufacture metal type dies according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
When described first half mold (21) and described second half mold (22) close, the shape of described cast gate (11) is flare bottom, top is cylindrical cavity; And/or,
The top of described running channel (12) is connected with described cast gate (11) cylinder, and bottom is connected with described die cavity (10); Wherein, described running channel (12) the flat groove of spill that is the dimensioned required by the casting technique of foundry goods.
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| SU1675020A1 (en) * | 1987-01-06 | 1991-09-07 | Алтайский политехнический институт им.И.И.Ползунова | Magnetic mould and transport means for magnetic mould |
| CN201906788U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | 重庆理工大学 | Vertical parting casting mould |
| CN202239496U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-05-30 | 重庆志成机械股份有限公司 | Metal gravity casting die |
| CN102699274A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-10-03 | 宁波敏宝卫浴五金水暖洁具有限公司 | Metal gravity casting mould and method |
| CN203599476U (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-05-21 | 徐水县兴华铸造有限公司 | Metal mold and metal mold casting device |
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2013
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1419791A1 (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-08-30 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4205 | Arrangement for casting in sand moulds |
| SU1675020A1 (en) * | 1987-01-06 | 1991-09-07 | Алтайский политехнический институт им.И.И.Ползунова | Magnetic mould and transport means for magnetic mould |
| CN201906788U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | 重庆理工大学 | Vertical parting casting mould |
| CN202239496U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-05-30 | 重庆志成机械股份有限公司 | Metal gravity casting die |
| CN102699274A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-10-03 | 宁波敏宝卫浴五金水暖洁具有限公司 | Metal gravity casting mould and method |
| CN203599476U (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-05-21 | 徐水县兴华铸造有限公司 | Metal mold and metal mold casting device |
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| CN103521705A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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