CN103513285B - A kind of method and device determining horizontal surface relaxation rate - Google Patents
A kind of method and device determining horizontal surface relaxation rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method and the device of determining horizontal surface relaxation rate, method comprises: carry out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan obtains rock core sample; Carry out binary conversion treatment to gray level image generate bianry image and extract hole screen work; The transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement determines measurement is carried out to rock core sample; Bianry image and default surface relaxation speed according to extracting hole screen work carry out transverse relaxation simulation to rock core sample, determine the transverse-relaxation signals simulated; Whether the component of the T2 signal of more described simulation and the T2 signal low order end of measurement overlaps, and the surface relaxation speed preset when being overlapped by the component of the T2 signal low order end of the T2 signal of simulation and measurement exports as the rock core sample horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined.The present invention has the advantages such as Method And Principle is more reliable, computation process is simple, be easy to realization, actual workable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the logging technology in petroleum prospecting, particularly determining the technology of surface relaxation speed about utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance experiment and CT scan experiment to combine in clastic reservoir rock, is a kind of method and device of determining horizontal surface relaxation rate concretely.
Background technology
Nuclear magnetic resonance technique is widely used in exploration of oil and gas field at present, be mainly used in the pore texture evaluating complicated clastic reservoir rock, as the distribution situation of pore radius and different size pore throat, be the logging technology that uniquely can be used in characterizing pore structural information at present, have extremely important using value at the current exploration emphasis such as tight sand, mud shale and domestic energy main contributions in future field.
The dominant mechanism that nuclear magnetic resonance log can be used in calculating pore radius is due to inner at reservoir pore space, proton in fluid and produce surface relaxation by colliding between solid surface, the signal that instrument is produced by measured surface relaxation thus estimation pore radius, formula is:
In above formula, S, V represent surface area and the volume of hole respectively, and the two ratio is relevant with pore radius; ρ is horizontal surface relaxation rate.
As can be seen from formula above, if will according to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement signal T
2estimation pore radius, primary prerequisite to know the horizontal surface relaxation rate ρ of reservoir.
ρ value is relevant with mineral type.Since nuclear magnetic resonance technique is applied to oil-gas exploration, also not about bibliographical information and Patents technology how to determine reservoir surface relaxation speed in prior art, external also only have scholar to provide conclusion (Deng Kejun that sandstone reservoir surface relaxation speed is generally distributed in 9.0 ~ 46 μm/s interval range, " nuclear magnetic resonance log is theoretical and apply ", P50), Main Basis nuclear magnetic resonance experiment is tested the way combined determine with pressure mercury.
Accurately determine that reservoir surface relaxation speed is most important for quantitative estimation pore constriction radius, evaluation reservoir quality, but there is theoretic defect in external technology, because the venturi information of reservoir is mainly portrayed in the experiment of pressure mercury, nuclear magnetic resonance experiment then mainly reflects pore-size size, on the theoretical method utilizing pressure mercury experiment scale nuclear magnetic resonance experiment to determine ρ value, error very greatly, and domesticly not yet have correlation technique to solve problems at present.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of method determining horizontal surface relaxation rate, comprising:
Step 1, carries out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan obtains rock core sample;
Step 2, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step 3, carries out to rock core sample the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement determines measurement;
Step 4, the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Step 5, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step 6, exports described default surface relaxation speed as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined;
Step 7, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeats step 4-7.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of device determining horizontal surface relaxation rate, comprising:
Gray level image acquisition module.The gray level image of rock core sample is obtained for carrying out CT scan to rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module, generates bianry image for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and extracts hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module, for carrying out the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement is determined to measure to rock core sample;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module, carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample for the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Comparison module, whether the component for the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps;
Adjusting module, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
Result output module, the surface relaxation speed the preset when component for the T2 signal low order end using the T2 signal of simulation and measurement overlaps exports as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined.
The lateral surfaces relaxation T2 utilizing CT image to carry out random walk method analog sample composes, and itself and actual measurement T2 are composed right-hand justified, and scale is to determine the horizontal surface relaxation rate of sample accordingly.Compared with foreign method, the present invention has that Method And Principle is more reliable, computation process simple, be easy to the advantages such as realization.The Method And Principle easy to understand of invention, actual workable.For certain concrete block, this invention is utilized to carry out operational processes to representative sample, can determine the sandstone reservoir horizontal surface relaxation rate ρ of this block, thus be applied to the evaluating reservoir of NMR logging data, the pore radius calculated accordingly is close to reservoir actual value.
For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, be described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 the invention discloses a kind of process flow diagram determining the method for horizontal surface relaxation rate;
Fig. 2 is a kind of block diagram determining the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate disclosed by the invention;
The rock core CT scan image acquisition that Fig. 3 is the inventive method institute foundation and binary conversion treatment process instance.
Certain sample of sandstone saturated brine laboratory measurement transverse relaxation T2 example that Fig. 4 is the inventive method institute foundation.
Fig. 5 utilizes the inventive method to calculate lateral surfaces relaxation signals T2 simulation based on image simulation to survey with measured signal T2 the process schematic contrasting and determine horizontal surface relaxation rate.
Fig. 6 utilizes the inventive method to calculate lateral surfaces relaxation signals T2 simulation based on image simulation to survey with measured signal T2 the process schematic contrasting and determine horizontal surface relaxation rate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention discloses a kind of method determining horizontal surface relaxation rate, as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
Step S101, carries out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan obtains rock core sample;
Step S102, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step S103, carries out to rock core sample the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement determines measurement;
Step S104, the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Step S105, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step S106, exports described default surface relaxation speed as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined;
Step S107, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeats step 4-7.
Wherein, gray level image right in above-mentioned step S102 carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extracts hole screen work comprising:
The pixel that gray-scale value in bianry image is greater than predetermined threshold value is set to skeleton;
Carry out Boundary Extraction according to Canny edge detection algorithm to gray level image, border inner is set to hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, and the pixel being not less than boundary threshold is set to skeleton.
According to the bianry image and default surface relaxation speed that extract hole screen work, transverse relaxation simulation is carried out to rock core sample in step S104, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals simulated comprises:
Bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work sets up random walk model;
The proton of preset number is inserted in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
The magnetic moment deamplification of described proton is calculated according to the surface relaxation speed preset and the random walk model of foundation;
The transverse-relaxation signals simulated is determined according to described magnetic moment deamplification and default sampling time.
Carry out also comprising before CT scan obtains the gray level image of rock core sample to rock core sample in step S101: carry out pre-service to rock core sample, determining hole porosity and air permeability, describedly carry out pre-service to rock core sample and comprise and carry out washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry process to rock core sample.
Step S102 carries out binary conversion treatment to gray level image and generates bianry image and also comprise before extracting hole screen work: vacuumize process to pretreated rock core sample and carry out the process of pressurization saturated brine according to reservoir pressure.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the invention also discloses a kind of device determining horizontal surface relaxation rate, comprising:
Gray level image acquisition module 201, obtains the gray level image of rock core sample for carrying out CT scan to rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module 202, generates bianry image for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and extracts hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module 203, for carrying out the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement is determined to measure to rock core sample;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module 204, carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample for the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Comparison module 205, whether the component for the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps;
Adjusting module 206, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
Result output module 207, the surface relaxation speed the preset when component for the T2 signal low order end by the T2 signal of simulation and measurement overlaps exports as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined.
Hole screen work extraction module 202 pairs of gray level images carry out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extract hole screen work comprising:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than predetermined threshold value is set to skeleton;
Carry out Boundary Extraction according to Canny edge detection algorithm to described gray level image, border inner is set to hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, and the pixel being not less than boundary threshold is set to skeleton.
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module 204 carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image and default surface relaxation speed that extract hole screen work to rock core sample, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals simulated comprises:
Bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work sets up random walk model;
The proton of preset number is inserted in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
The magnetic moment deamplification of described proton is calculated according to the surface relaxation speed preset and the random walk model of foundation;
The transverse-relaxation signals simulated is determined according to described magnetic moment deamplification and default sampling time.
In addition, of the present inventionly determine that the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for carrying out pre-service to rock core sample, determining hole porosity and air permeability, carry out pre-service to rock core sample and comprise and carry out washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry process to rock core sample.
Vacuumize pressurization saturation block, process is vacuumized to pretreated rock core sample and carries out the process of pressurization saturated brine according to reservoir pressure.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Please refer to Fig. 3.Figure 3 shows that and utilize CT equipment to carry out scanning the process obtaining gray level image and image binaryzation segmentation to 1 inch of sample of sandstone.Rock core is carried out to the pre-service such as washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, drying, utilize helium method to measure its factor of porosity and air permeability.
A higher threshold value is first determined according to CT image grey level histogram, all pixels gray-scale value being greater than this threshold value are all set to skeleton, Canny edge detection algorithm is utilized to carry out Boundary Extraction again to gray level image on this basis, border inner all regards hole as lower than threshold value, and other pixel is as skeleton.
Consider the nonuniformity of clastic reservoir rock and the resolution of CT equipment, rock core size then affects CT resolution too greatly, can restrict the pore-size that can identify, too little under-represented again, therefore select the diameter 1 inch of rock core commonly used, CT resolution generally can reach about 14 μm;
Rock core interior intensity image can be obtained after rock core is scanned, utilize the conventional image processing algorithms such as Canny rim detection Iamge Segmentation can be become hole and skeleton two parts.
Pressurize according to reservoir actual pressure to the rock core vacuumizing after pre-service, at least saturated brine 48 hours, is illustrated in figure 4 after 1 inch of rock core pressurization saturated brine at its lateral surfaces of laboratory measurement relaxation T
2example.The type of saturated brine and concentration and prime stratum should be suitable, acquisition parameter setting principle is 12 seconds polarization times, echo sounding closely may be little, is set as 0.3ms, to guarantee that experiment at utmost can reflect lateral surfaces relaxation signals and truly portray full-size hole.
Determine based on the random walk method of bianry image in the embodiment of the present invention that the concrete steps of the transverse-relaxation signals simulated comprise:
Input a horizontal surface relaxation rate initial value ρ
0, in hole, insert the proton of some, stochastic distribution, the reposition of proton after calculating the distance of proton and nearest solid surface and elapsed time Δ t; Judge whether proton collides with solid surface, if collide, proton meets the death with δ probability or its magnetic moment is decayed with exp (-δ) and rebounds; Judge whether proton shifts out hole again, if do not walk out hole, continue its subsequent time position of cycle criterion and whether collide with solid surface.The magnetic moment deamplification summation of analog computation proton after certain hour, until the sampling time a certain threshold value that is greater than setting stops circulation, exports the rock core lateral surfaces relaxation signals T of simulation
2 simulations.
Please refer to Fig. 5.Figure 5 shows that based on digital hole screen work simulate for lateral surface relaxation T
2 simulationswith the T measured by laboratory
2comparison process example.According to CT experiment and the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, for same sample, the full-size hole radius that CT scan and lateral surfaces relaxation can reflect should be consistent.At analog computation T
2time need given initial ρ value, the result of calculating and actual measurement T
2low order end (representing full-size hole) may not overlap, and (as shown in Figure 5, by repeatedly revising the ρ value of input, until the two right-hand member overlaps, as shown in Figure 6, ρ is now exactly the horizontal surface relaxation rate of rock core reality.
Core content of the present invention is according to CT scan identification sandstone reservoir large-size hole, T2 T based on CT image simulation
2 simulationswith experiment measuring signal T
2 actual measurementsin the ultimate principle of full-size hole location overlap, utilize random walk method based on the CT image simulation lateral surfaces relaxation after binary conversion treatment, by constantly changing the ρ value of input, until T
2 simulationswith T
2 actual measurementsthe full-size hole component of low order end representative overlaps completely, and analog input ρ value is now exactly the actual horizontal surface relaxation rate of sandstone reservoir.
The beneficial effect of this invention is, Method And Principle easy to understand, actual workable.For certain concrete block, this invention is utilized to carry out operational processes to representative sample, can determine the sandstone reservoir horizontal surface relaxation rate ρ of this block, thus be applied to the evaluating reservoir of NMR logging data, the pore radius calculated accordingly is close to reservoir actual value.
Above-mentioned example is to illustrate the invention and not to limit the present invention.
Apply specific embodiment in the present invention to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. determine a method for horizontal surface relaxation rate, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, carries out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan obtains rock core sample;
Step 2, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step 3, carries out to rock core sample the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement determines measurement;
Step 4, the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Step 5, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step 6, exports described default surface relaxation speed as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined;
Step 7, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeats step 4-7.
2. determine the method for horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extracts hole screen work comprising to described gray level image:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than predetermined threshold value is set to skeleton;
Carry out Boundary Extraction according to Canny edge detection algorithm to described gray level image, border inner is set to hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, and the pixel being not less than boundary threshold is set to skeleton.
3. determine the method for horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, transverse relaxation simulation is carried out to rock core sample in described method step 4, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals simulated comprises:
Bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work sets up random walk model;
The proton of preset number is inserted in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
Random walk model according to the surface relaxation speed preset and foundation calculates the macroscopic moment deamplification of described proton according to the sampling time interval preset;
The transverse-relaxation signals simulated is determined according to described macroscopic moment deamplification.
4. determine the method for horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1 pair rock core sample carries out also comprising before CT scan obtains the gray level image of rock core sample: carry out pre-service to rock core sample, determining hole porosity and air permeability, describedly carry out pre-service to rock core sample and comprise and carry out washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry process to rock core sample.
5. determine the method for horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step 2 is carried out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and is generated bianry image and also comprise before extracting hole screen work:
Process is vacuumized to pretreated rock core sample and carries out the process of pressurization saturated brine according to reservoir pressure.
6. determine a device for horizontal surface relaxation rate, it is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Gray level image acquisition module, obtains the gray level image of rock core sample for carrying out CT scan to rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module, generates bianry image for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and extracts hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module, for carrying out the transverse-relaxation signals that Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement is determined to measure to rock core sample;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module, carries out transverse relaxation simulation with the surface relaxation speed preset to rock core sample for the bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work, determines the transverse-relaxation signals simulated;
Comparison module, whether the component for the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement overlaps;
Adjusting module, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
Result output module, the surface relaxation speed the preset when component for the transverse-relaxation signals low order end using the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation and measurement overlaps exports as the horizontal surface relaxation rate result determined.
7. determine the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described hole screen work extraction module carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extracts hole screen work comprising to described gray level image:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than predetermined threshold value is set to skeleton;
Carry out Boundary Extraction according to Canny edge detection algorithm to described gray level image, border inner is set to hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, and the pixel being not less than boundary threshold is set to skeleton.
8. determine the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described transverse-relaxation signals analog module carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals simulated comprises:
Bianry image according to described extraction hole screen work sets up random walk model;
The proton of preset number is inserted in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
Random walk model according to the surface relaxation speed preset and foundation calculates the macroscopic moment deamplification of described proton according to the sampling time of presetting;
The transverse-relaxation signals simulated is determined according to described macroscopic moment deamplification.
9. determine the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for carrying out pre-service to rock core sample, determining hole porosity and air permeability, describedly carry out pre-service to rock core sample and comprise and carry out washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry process to rock core sample.
10. determine the device of horizontal surface relaxation rate as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Vacuumize pressurization saturation block, process is vacuumized to pretreated rock core sample and carries out the process of pressurization saturated brine according to reservoir pressure.
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| CN106324008B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The bearing calibration of nuclear magnetic resonance log wave spectrum |
| CN106574981B (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2019-03-08 | 数岩科技（厦门）股份有限公司 | For the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy system and method for porous media |
| CN105464654B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Determine the method and device of tight sand saturation exponent |
| CN106226215A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-12-14 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method of carbonate reservoir hole quantitative assessment |
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| CN111693427B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2023-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Analysis method for mobility of oil and gas reservoir fluid |
| CN110133035B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2022-04-22 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | Method for quantitatively representing pore throat structure of sandstone reservoir by coupling nuclear magnetic resonance with constant-speed mercury intrusion |
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