CN103513285A - Method and device for determining transverse surface relaxation rate - Google Patents
Method and device for determining transverse surface relaxation rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for determining transverse surface relaxation rate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out CT scanning on the core sample to obtain a gray image of the core sample; carrying out binarization processing on the gray level image to generate a binary image and extracting a pore grid; performing nuclear magnetic resonance measurement on the rock core sample to determine a measured transverse relaxation signal; performing transverse relaxation simulation on the rock core sample according to the binary image of the extracted pore grid and a preset surface relaxation rate, and determining a simulated transverse relaxation signal; and comparing whether the rightmost components of the simulated transverse relaxation time signal and the measured transverse relaxation time signal are coincident or not, and outputting a preset surface relaxation rate when the rightmost components of the simulated transverse relaxation time signal and the measured transverse relaxation time signal are coincident as a determined transverse surface relaxation rate result of the rock core sample. The method has the advantages of more reliable principle, simple calculation process, easy realization, strong practical operability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the logging technology in petroleum prospecting, particularly about utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance experiment and CT scan experiment to combine in clastic reservoir rock, determine the technology of surface relaxation speed, is a kind of method and device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate concretely.
Background technology
Nuclear magnetic resonance technique has been widely used in exploration of oil and gas field at present, be mainly used in evaluating the pore texture of complicated clastic reservoir rock, as the distribution situation of pore radius and different size pore throat, be at present unique logging technology that characterizes pore structural information that can be used in, at the current exploration emphasis such as tight sand, mud shale and following domestic energy main contributions field, have extremely important using value.
The dominant mechanism that nuclear magnetic resonance log can be used in calculating pore radius is due to inner at reservoir pore space, between proton in fluid and solid surface, by collision, produce surface relaxation, thereby the signal estimation pore radius that instrument produces by measuring surface relaxation, formula is:
In above formula, S, V represent respectively surface area and the volume of hole, and the two ratio is relevant with pore radius; ρ is lateral surfaces relaxation rate.
From formula above, can find out, if according to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement signal T
2estimation pore radius, primary prerequisite is to know the lateral surfaces relaxation rate ρ of reservoir.
ρ value is relevant with mineral type.Since nuclear magnetic resonance technique is applied to oil-gas exploration, in prior art, also there is no bibliographical information and the Patents technology about how to confirm reservoir surface relaxation speed, also only there is scholar to provide the conclusion (Deng Kejun that sandstone reservoir surface relaxation speed is generally distributed in 9.0～46 μ m/s interval ranges abroad, " nuclear magnetic resonance log theory and application ", P50), Main Basis nuclear magnetic resonance experiment is determined with the way of pressing mercury experiment to combine.
Accurately determine that reservoir surface relaxation speed is most important for quantitative estimation pore constriction radius, evaluation reservoir quality, but there is theoretic defect in external technology, because the venturi information of pressing mercury experiment mainly to portray reservoir, nuclear magnetic resonance experiment mainly reflects pore-size size, utilize to press mercury experiment scale nuclear magnetic resonance experiment to determine that on the theoretical method of ρ value, error is very large, and domesticly not yet have at present correlation technique can solve problems.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, comprising:
Step 2, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step 3, carries out Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement to rock core sample and determines the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Step 4, carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Step 5, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step 6, using described default surface relaxation speed as definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate result output;
Step 7, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeating step 4-7.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, comprising:
Gray level image acquisition module.For rock core sample is carried out to the gray level image that CT scan is obtained rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module, carries out binary conversion treatment for the gray level image to described and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module, determines for rock core sample being carried out to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module, for according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, rock core sample being carried out to transverse relaxation simulation, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Whether comparison module, overlap for the component of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement;
Adjusting module, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
Result output module, for the default surface relaxation speed when the component of the T2 signal of simulation and the T2 signal low order end of measurement overlaps as definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate result output.
Utilize CT image to carry out the lateral surfaces relaxation T2 spectrum of random walk method analog sample, by itself and actual measurement T2 spectrum right-hand justified, scale is to determine the lateral surfaces relaxation rate of sample accordingly.Compare with foreign method, the present invention has that Method And Principle is more reliable, computation process simple, be easy to the advantages such as realization.The Method And Principle easy to understand of invention, actual workable.For certain concrete block, utilize this invention to carry out operational processes to representative sample, can determine the sandstone reservoir lateral surfaces relaxation rate ρ of this block, thereby be applied to the evaluating reservoir of NMR logging data, the pore radius calculating accordingly approaches reservoir actual value.
For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the invention discloses a kind of method of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the device of a kind of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 3 is rock core CT scan image acquisition and the binary conversion treatment process instance of the inventive method institute foundation.
Fig. 4 is certain sample of sandstone saturated brine laboratory measurement transverse relaxation T2 example of the inventive method institute foundation.
Fig. 5 utilizes the inventive method to calculate lateral surfaces relaxation signals T2 simulation based on image simulation to contrast with measured signal T2 actual measurement the process schematic diagram of determining lateral surfaces relaxation rate.
Fig. 6 utilizes the inventive method to calculate lateral surfaces relaxation signals T2 simulation based on image simulation to contrast with measured signal T2 actual measurement the process schematic diagram of determining lateral surfaces relaxation rate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention discloses a kind of method of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
Step S101, carries out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan is obtained rock core sample;
Step S102, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step S103, carries out Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement to rock core sample and determines the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Step S104, carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Step S105, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step S106, exports described default surface relaxation speed as definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate result;
Step S107, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeating step 4-7.
Wherein, in above-mentioned step S102, right gray level image carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extracts hole screen work comprising:
The pixel that gray-scale value in bianry image is greater than to predetermined threshold value is made as skeleton;
According to Canny edge detection algorithm, gray level image is carried out to inside, Boundary Extraction ，Jiang border and be made as hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, the pixel that is not less than boundary threshold is made as skeleton.
In step S104, according to extracting the bianry image of hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, rock core sample is carried out to transverse relaxation simulation, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation comprises:
According to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work, set up random walk model;
The proton of inserting preset number in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
According to the random walk model of default surface relaxation speed and foundation, calculate the magnetic moment deamplification of described proton;
According to described magnetic moment deamplification and default sampling time, determine the transverse-relaxation signals of simulating.
At step S101, rock core sample being carried out CT scan also comprises before obtaining the gray level image of rock core sample: rock core sample is carried out to pre-service, determine factor of porosity and air permeability, describedly rock core sample is carried out to pre-service comprise rock core sample is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry processing.
Step S102 carries out binary conversion treatment to gray level image and also comprises before generating bianry image and extracting hole screen work: pretreated rock core sample is vacuumized and processes and process according to the reservoir pressure saturated brine that pressurizes.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the invention also discloses a kind of device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, comprising:
Gray level image acquisition module 201, for carrying out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan is obtained rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module 202, carries out binary conversion treatment for the gray level image to described and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module 203, determines for rock core sample being carried out to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module 204, for according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, rock core sample being carried out to transverse relaxation simulation, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Whether comparison module 205, overlap for the component of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of measurement;
Adjusting module 206, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
202 pairs of gray level images of hole screen work extraction module carry out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extract hole screen work comprising:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than to predetermined threshold value is made as skeleton;
According to Canny edge detection algorithm, described gray level image is carried out to inside, Boundary Extraction ，Jiang border and be made as hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, the pixel that is not less than boundary threshold is made as skeleton.
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module 204 carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to extracting the bianry image of hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation comprises:
According to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work, set up random walk model;
The proton of inserting preset number in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
According to the random walk model of default surface relaxation speed and foundation, calculate the magnetic moment deamplification of described proton;
According to described magnetic moment deamplification and default sampling time, determine the transverse-relaxation signals of simulating.
In addition, the device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate of the present invention also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for rock core sample is carried out to pre-service, determines factor of porosity and air permeability, rock core sample is carried out to pre-service and comprise rock core sample is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry processing.
Vacuumize pressurization saturation block, pretreated rock core sample is vacuumized and processes and process according to the reservoir pressure saturated brine that pressurizes.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Please refer to Fig. 3.Figure 3 shows that and utilize CT equipment to scan to 1 inch of sample of sandstone the process that gray level image and image binaryzation are cut apart of obtaining.Rock core is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, the pre-service such as dry, utilize helium method to measure its factor of porosity and air permeability.
According to CT image grey level histogram, first determine a higher threshold value, the all pixels that gray-scale value are greater than to this threshold value are all made as skeleton, utilize on this basis Canny edge detection algorithm to carry out again Boundary Extraction to gray level image, inside, border is all regarded hole as lower than threshold value, and other pixel is as skeleton.
Consider the nonuniformity of clastic reservoir rock and the resolution of CT equipment, rock core size too greatly affects CT resolution, can restrict the pore-size that can identify, too little under-represented again, therefore select 1 inch of rock core of conventional diameter, CT resolution generally can reach 14 μ m left and right;
After rock core is scanned, can obtain rock core interior intensity image, utilize the conventional image processing algorithms such as Canny rim detection image can be divided into hole and skeleton two parts.
To the rock core vacuumizing after pre-service and pressurize according to reservoir actual pressure, at least saturated brine is 48 hours, is illustrated in figure 4 after 1 inch of rock core pressurization saturated brine at its lateral surfaces relaxation of laboratory measurement T
2example.The type of saturated brine and concentration and prime stratum should be suitable, acquisition parameter setting principle is 12 seconds polarization times, echo sounding closely may be little, is set as 0.3ms, to guarantee that experiment can at utmost reflect lateral surfaces relaxation signals and truly portray full-size hole.
Random walk method based on bianry image in the embodiment of the present invention determines that the concrete steps of the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation comprise:
Input a lateral surfaces relaxation rate initial value ρ
0, the proton of inserting some, stochastic distribution in hole, the reposition of proton after the distance of calculating proton and recently solid surface and elapsed time Δ t; Judge proton whether with solid surface collision, if the proton that bumps meets the death with δ probability or its magnetic moment is decayed and rebounds with exp (δ); Judge again whether proton shifts out hole, if walk out hole, do not continue its next moment position of cycle criterion and whether collide with solid surface.The magnetic moment deamplification summation of analog computation proton after certain hour until the sampling time stop circulation, the rock core lateral surfaces relaxation signals T of output simulation while being greater than a certain threshold value of setting
2 simulations.
Please refer to Fig. 5.Figure 5 shows that based on digital hole screen work simulate for lateral surface relaxation T
2 simulationsthe T measured with laboratory
2comparison process example.According to the principle of CT experiment and nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, for same sample, the full-size hole radius that CT scan and lateral surfaces relaxation can reflect should be consistent.At analog computation T
2time need given initial ρ value, the result of calculating with survey T
2low order end (representing full-size hole) may not overlap, and (as shown in Figure 5,, by repeatedly revising the ρ value of input, until the two right-hand member overlaps, as shown in Figure 6, ρ is now exactly the lateral surfaces relaxation rate of rock core reality.
Core content of the present invention is according to CT scan identification sandstone reservoir large-size hole, T2 T based on CT image simulation
2 simulationswith experiment measuring signal T
2 actual measurementsin the ultimate principle of full-size hole location overlap, the CT image simulation lateral surfaces relaxation after utilizing random walk method based on binary conversion treatment, the ρ value of inputting by continuous change, until T
2 simulationswith T
2 actual measurementsthe full-size hole component of low order end representative overlaps completely, and analog input ρ value is now exactly the actual lateral surfaces relaxation rate of sandstone reservoir.
The beneficial effect of this invention is, Method And Principle easy to understand is actual workable.For certain concrete block, utilize this invention to carry out operational processes to representative sample, can determine the sandstone reservoir lateral surfaces relaxation rate ρ of this block, thereby be applied to the evaluating reservoir of NMR logging data, the pore radius calculating accordingly approaches reservoir actual value.
Above-mentioned example is to illustrate the invention and not to limit the present invention.
In the present invention, applied specific embodiment principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (10)
1. a method for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, carries out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan is obtained rock core sample;
Step 2, carries out binary conversion treatment to described gray level image and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Step 3, carries out Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement to rock core sample and determines the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Step 4, carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Step 5, whether the component of the transverse-relaxation signals low order end of the transverse-relaxation signals of more described simulation and measurement overlaps, and described low order end component overlaps, and performs step 6, otherwise, perform step 7;
Step 6, exports described default surface relaxation speed as definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate result;
Step 7, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed, repeating step 4-7.
2. the method for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extract hole screen work comprising to described gray level image:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than to predetermined threshold value is made as skeleton;
According to Canny edge detection algorithm, described gray level image is carried out to inside, Boundary Extraction ，Jiang border and be made as hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, the pixel that is not less than boundary threshold is made as skeleton.
3. the method for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described method step 4, according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, rock core sample is carried out to transverse relaxation simulation, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation comprises:
According to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work, set up random walk model;
The proton of inserting preset number in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
According to the random walk model of default surface relaxation speed and foundation, according to default sampling time interval, calculate the macroscopic moment deamplification of described proton;
According to described macroscopic moment deamplification, determine the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation.
4. the method for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1 pair rock core sample carries out CT scan and also comprises before obtaining the gray level image of rock core sample: rock core sample is carried out to pre-service, determine factor of porosity and air permeability, describedly rock core sample is carried out to pre-service comprise rock core sample is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry processing.
5. the method for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the gray level image described in described step 2 pair carries out binary conversion treatment and also comprises before generating bianry image and extracting hole screen work:
Pretreated rock core sample is vacuumized and processes and process according to the reservoir pressure saturated brine that pressurizes.
6. a device for definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate, is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Gray level image acquisition module, for carrying out to rock core sample the gray level image that CT scan is obtained rock core sample;
Hole screen work extraction module, carries out binary conversion treatment for the gray level image to described and generates bianry image and extract hole screen work;
Transverse-relaxation signals measurement module, determines for rock core sample being carried out to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement the transverse-relaxation signals of measuring;
Transverse-relaxation signals analog module, for according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed, rock core sample being carried out to transverse relaxation simulation, determines the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation;
Whether comparison module, overlap for the component of the T2 signal of more described simulation and the T2 signal low order end of measurement;
Adjusting module, adjusts described default surface relaxation speed;
Result output module, for the default surface relaxation speed when the component of the T2 signal of simulation and the T2 signal low order end of measurement overlaps as definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate result output.
7. the device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described hole screen work extraction module carries out binary conversion treatment generation bianry image and extract hole screen work comprising to described gray level image:
The pixel that gray-scale value in described bianry image is greater than to predetermined threshold value is made as skeleton;
According to Canny edge detection algorithm, described gray level image is carried out to inside, Boundary Extraction ，Jiang border and be made as hole lower than the pixel of boundary threshold, the pixel that is not less than boundary threshold is made as skeleton.
8. the device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described transverse-relaxation signals analog module carries out transverse relaxation simulation according to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work and default surface relaxation speed to rock core sample, determines that the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation comprises:
According to the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work, set up random walk model;
The proton of inserting preset number in the hole of the bianry image of described extraction hole screen work;
According to the random walk model of default surface relaxation speed and foundation, according to the default sampling time, calculate the macroscopic moment deamplification of described proton;
According to described macroscopic moment deamplification, determine the transverse-relaxation signals of simulation.
9. the device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Pretreatment module, for rock core sample is carried out to pre-service, determines factor of porosity and air permeability, describedly rock core sample is carried out to pre-service comprises rock core sample is carried out to washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and dry processing.
10. the device of definite lateral surfaces relaxation rate as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described device also comprises:
Vacuumize pressurization saturation block, pretreated rock core sample is vacuumized and processes and process according to the reservoir pressure saturated brine that pressurizes.
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| CN104181029A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-12-03 | 东北大学 | Device and method for testing looseness of rock under disturbance of strain rate in loading process of pendulum bob |
| CN104697915A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale micropore size and fluid distribution analysis method |
| CN105464654A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining saturation index of tight sandstone |
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| CN109374489A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The hydrate sediment NMR relaxation signals amount caliberating device and method of joint X-CT technology |
| CN110133035A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-16 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | The method that nuclear magnetic resonance couples constant speed pressure mercury quantitatively characterizing sandstone reservoir pore throat character |
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| CN112948747A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳市贝斯达医疗股份有限公司 | Method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for searching center frequency |
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