CN103512747B - Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer - Google Patents
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to mechanical engineering tribology technical field.A kind of for synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer, for evaluating the impact of different oils manual transmission synchronizer net synchronization capability, it is primarily of support subsystem, power sub-system, drive subsystem, temperature control subsystem, gearshift subsystem, motion control subsystem, data acquisition subsystem composition.This device can to test condition as gear shifting force, speed discrepancy, lubricating oil temperature, gearshift number of times, sample frequency etc. adjust; Can in process of the test to test figure as Real-time Collection is carried out in rotating speed, friction torque, gear shifting force, gearshift displacement etc.; By the axial spacing of adjusting gear, the hand operated speed gear box synchronous device of difformity and size can be tested.The features such as this device has high frequency Real-time Collection and food preservation test data, easy accessibility, simple to operate, experimentation cost is low, also can be used for the research that evaluation synchronous ring friction material affects synchronizer net synchronization capability simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Vehicle Engineering drive technology field, relate to vehicle gear box synchronizer, particularly relate to hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation under different oils type operating mode.
Background technology
Wheel box is the important component part of vehicle drive system, and the quality of its performance directly has influence on the performance of kinematic train.Synchronizer is a critical component in wheel box, its effect is when gearbox shifting, by the rubbing contact process of synchromesh cone and synchronous ring, the gear that rotating speed is not waited engages each other after reaching " synchronously " again, thus effectively eliminates the impact produced between shift process middle gear.Because synchronizer wants long period of soaking in the manual transmission of containing oil, under the applying working condition of reality, the kinetic friction between synchromesh cone and synchronous ring must be carried out under the condition having boundary lubrication.The friction and wear behavior of lubricating oil to synchronizer has material impact, and one is the friction factor that bad lubricating oil can reduce between synchromesh cone and synchronous ring, and two is wearing and tearing that bad lubricating oil can aggravate friction pair material.Therefore carrying out the analyse and ssess of lubricating oil to synchromesh cone and synchronous ring friction and wear behavior, and then instruct the design of lubricating oil product, is one of gordian technique improving hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability.
At present, the evaluation of two friction pair friction and wear behaviors is mainly come with various code test stand, such as SRV4 type friction wear testing machine, M2-H3 type high-speed loop block abrasion testing machine, MS-10G type four-ball friction and wear test machine.Simultaneously in People's Republic of China (PRC) petroleum chemical industry standard SH/T0756-2005 " manual gear box oil thermostability rating method ", define the test method with mark's circulation testing machine evaluation heavy load manual gear box oil thermal stability, the method synchronizer used is the assembly of frictional disk, positioning disk and timing clutch.But, the actual operating mode of the used hand operated speed gear box synchronous device of the test condition set by code test stand and China also has certain gap, as controlled the rotating speed of two friction pairs, to the equivalent moment of inertia of two friction pairs and two friction pairs all simulating not enough the squeezed state of lubricating oil when grinding.Synchronizer used in mark's circulation testing machine is mainly used in North America, and China's manual transmission synchronizer used is mainly the inertial lock ring type synchronizer be made up of synchromesh cone, synchronous ring and combined cover etc., and namely the type of both synchronizers used is different; Because the contact form of differentiated friction pair can affect its friction and wear behavior, therefore the experimental result that mark's circulation testing machine assesses is not suitable for China's hand operated speed gear box synchronous device; Simultaneously mark's circulation testing machine can not test figure in Real-time Collection shift process, can not carry out on-line analysis to the net synchronization capability of synchronizer.Therefore, the device of current evaluation lubricating oil manual transmission synchronizer net synchronization capability impact, has been not suitable with the demand of China's national situation and development of new techniques.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer adapting to China's national situation, can not the present situation of actual condition of real simulation hand operated speed gear box synchronous device to change existing apparatus.
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, it includes manual transmission, spindle end gearing, spindle end power source, input shaft end gearing, input shaft end power source, lubricating oil temperature control, gear shifting actuating mechanism, data acquisition subsystem, motion control subsystem, and support subsystem composition, the main shaft that spindle end power source and input shaft end power source are manual transmission and input shaft provide power, spindle end gearing and input shaft end gearing by power transmission to the main shaft of manual transmission and input shaft, motion control subsystem and gear shifting actuating mechanism are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission, lubricating oil temperature controls actual work temperature lubricating oil being heated to simulation manual transmission, data acquisition subsystem is for being captured in the gear shifting force in shift process, shift gears displacement, moment of friction, rotating speed, manual transmission comprises the main shaft of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover, spindle end end cover, taper roll bearing, gear, sliding sleeve, synchronous ring, synchromesh cone, cone bearing, the input shaft of manual transmission, input shaft end end cover, register pin, manual transmission shell, rolling bearing, locating sleeve, bolt, the right side of manual transmission shell loads input shaft, input shaft is supported on taper roll bearing, main shaft installs locating sleeve successively, rolling bearing, gear, sliding sleeve, synchronous ring, synchromesh cone, register pin, after cone bearing, load on the left of manual transmission shell, cone bearing is docked with the endoporus of input shaft, be supported on taper roll bearing, seal with spindle end end cover and mechanical sealing end cover, spindle end gearing comprises large flywheel, flat key, sleeve, large flywheel shaft, spindle end flange, universal drive shaft, large flywheel shaft end flanges, spindle end motor shaft joint, described spindle end power source comprises spindle end motor, large flywheel shaft is installed large flywheel and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing rear support in large flywheel shaft bearing, seal with large flywheel bearing end cover, be fixed with bolt, the left end of large flywheel is connected with spindle end motor with spindle end motor coupler, and right-hand member universal drive shaft is connected with the main shaft of manual transmission, input shaft end gearing comprises input shaft, female splined shaft, input shaft end flange, transition axis, axle angular contact ball bearing, torque sensor shaft coupling, torque sensor, small flywheel shaft coupling, small flywheel, small flywheel axle, the input shaft end motor coupler of manual transmission, input shaft end power source comprises input shaft end motor, at the input shaft end of manual transmission, small flywheel axle is installed small flywheel and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing rear support on small flywheel bearing seat, the right-hand member of small flywheel axle is connected with the input shaft end motor be arranged on input shaft end electric machine support with input shaft end motor coupler, and left end small flywheel shaft coupling is connected with the right-hand member being arranged on the torque sensor that torque sensor supports, transition axis is assemblied on bearing support block after installation shaft angular contact ball bearing, with the 3rd bolt solid bearing sealing right end cap and bearing seal left end cap, the right-hand member of transition axis is connected with the left end of torque sensor with torque sensor shaft coupling, left end is connected with female splined shaft by input shaft end flange, with the 4th bolt, manual gear-box bracket is fixed on the large support of input shaft end, then manual transmission is installed in hand gear box bracket, the male splines of input shaft inserts in female splined shaft, lubricating oil temperature controls to comprise tensimeter, T-valve, spherical valve, high temperature resistant oil pipe, heating cabinet, temperature sensor, heating rod, high temperature resistant oil pump, frequency-variable controller, temperature control instrument, sebific duct, variable-frequency motor, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling, O-ring seal, flange, three-way pipe, reducer pipe, bottom manual transmission, two refractory metal pipes are connected with three-way pipe and reducer pipe, other two refractory metal pipes are connected with the T-valve on the left of heating cabinet and spherical valve, the oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump is connected with the bottom of manual transmission, oil-out is connected with heating cabinet, heating rod and temperature sensor are installed in heating cabinet, utilize temperature sensor to the signal of temperature control instrument, temperature control instrument realizes the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod, in real time the temperature of adjustment lubricating oil, described gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises hydraulic jack, piston rod, high temperature resistant oil pump, variable-frequency motor, retaining valve, pressure transducer, lock valve, throttling valve, solenoid directional control valve, proportional pressure valve, current amplifier, safety overflow valve, variable-frequency motor drives oil pump to rotate, stable pressure is provided to system, the top pressure of safety overflow valve setting hydraulic system, current amplifier and proportional pressure valve adjustment gearshift time gear shifting force, lock valve in the position of hydraulic system without lock piston bar during working pressure, to avoid manual transmission off-gear, the flow velocity of throttle valve control hydraulic oil, shift speed during adjustment gearshift, solenoid directional control valve changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, realizes the circulation gearshift of manual transmission, data acquisition subsystem comprises displacement transducer, torque sensor, pressure transducer, A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer, described motion control subsystem comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch, test figure when manual transmission is run utilizes the signal of capture card to displacement transducer, torque sensor, pressure transducer to gather, the data that sensor gathers, after employing RC filtering technique is filtered its undesired signal, enter in capture card, capture card Visual Studio language is programmed, and the data obtained show in real time and are saved in computer.
Synchronizer net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
1) actual condition of this device energy real simulation hand operated speed gear box synchronous device;
2) gearshift of various modes can being carried out by manual transmission, being shifted gears by the circulation of high gear kickdown as carried out, carry out being changed by low gear that the circulation of high gear is shifted gears, the circulation carrying out switching between high to low gear is shifted gears;
3) test figures such as rotating speed, moment of torsion, gearshift displacement, gear shifting force can be gathered by high frequency in real time;
4) spindle end support can carry out axial adjustment according to the size of different manual transmission from the relative position of input shaft end support, is conducive to carrying out the research that lubricating oil affects different hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability;
5) test findings shows, this device has higher stability and repeatability, can assess the impact of different oils manual transmission synchronizer net synchronization capability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is synchronizer net synchronization capability evaluation device composition frame chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention spindle end,
Manual transmission, input shaft end assembly relation schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the installation enlarged diagram of manual transmission in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is that the spindle end of manual transmission installs enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 is that manual transmission input shaft end installs enlarged diagram;
Fig. 6 is lubricating oil heating system process flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of Hydraulic Station;
Fig. 8 is observing and controlling client end interface;
Fig. 9 is the shift process parameter that obtains and time curve in gearshift experimentation.
In figure: manual transmission 1, spindle end gearing 2, spindle end power source 3, input shaft end gearing 4, input shaft end power source 5, lubricating oil temperature control subsystem 6, gear shifting actuating mechanism 7, data acquisition subsystem 8, motion control subsystem 9, the main shaft 10 of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, cone bearing 18, the input shaft 19 of manual transmission, lubricating oil 20, input shaft end end cover 21, supporting base 22, register pin 23, manual transmission shell 24, rolling bearing 25, locating sleeve 26, first bolt 27, spindle end motor 28, second bolt 29, large flywheel shaft bearing 30, large flywheel safety screen 31, large flywheel 32, flat key 33, sleeve 34, displacement transducer 35, large flywheel shaft 36, spindle end flange 37, universal drive shaft 38, large flywheel shaft end flanges 39, large flywheel angular contact ball bearing 40, large flywheel bearing end cover 41, spindle end motor coupler 42, the large support 43 of spindle end, spindle end electric machine support 44, hand gear box bracket 45, female splined shaft 46, input shaft end flange 47, 3rd bolt 48, bearing seal right end cap 49, transition axis 50, torque sensor 51, small flywheel bearing seal end cap 52, small flywheel safety screen 53, small flywheel 54, small flywheel angular contact ball bearing 55, small flywheel axle 56, input shaft end electric machine support 57, input shaft end motor 58, input shaft end motor coupler 59, small flywheel bearing seat 60, small flywheel shaft coupling 61, torque sensor supports 62, torque sensor shaft coupling 63, axle angular contact ball bearing 64, bearing support block 65, bearing seal left end cap 66, the large support 67 of input shaft end, 4th bolt 68, support bar 69, tensimeter 70, T-valve 71, spherical valve 72, high temperature resistant oil pipe 73, heating cabinet 74, temperature sensor 75, heating rod 76, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, frequency-variable controller 78, temperature control instrument 79, sebific duct 80, variable-frequency motor 81, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling 82, O-ring seal 83, flange 84, three-way pipe 85, reducer pipe 86, fuel tank 87, oil pump 88, retaining valve 89, safety overflow valve 90, proportional pressure valve 91, current amplifier 92, pressure transducer 93, solenoid directional control valve 94, lock valve 95, throttling valve 96, hydraulic jack 97, piston rod 98, gear shifting force and time curve 99, rotating speed and time curve 100, gearshift displacement and time curve 101, moment of friction and time curve 102.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the structure of synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, principle and the course of work are further described.Fig. 1 is synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer composition frame chart of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is spindle end, manual transmission, the input shaft end assembly relation schematic diagram of synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention.
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, include manual transmission 1, spindle end gearing 2, spindle end power source 3, input shaft end gearing 4, input shaft end power source 5, lubricating oil temperature control 6, gear shifting actuating mechanism 7, data acquisition subsystem 8, motion control subsystem 9, and support subsystem composition; The main shaft 10 that spindle end power source 3 and input shaft end power source 5 are manual transmission 1 and input shaft 19 provide power, spindle end gearing 2 and input shaft end gearing 4 by power transmission to the main shaft 10 of manual transmission and input shaft 19; Motion control subsystem 9 and gear shifting actuating mechanism 7 are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission 1; Lubricating oil temperature controls 6 and lubricating oil is heated to the actual work temperature simulating manual transmission; Data acquisition subsystem 8 is for being captured in the gear shifting force in shift process, shift gears displacement, moment of friction, rotating speed;
Described manual transmission 1 comprises main shaft 10, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, cone bearing 18, the input shaft 19 of manual transmission, input shaft end end cover 21, register pin 23, manual transmission shell 24, rolling bearing 25, locating sleeve 26, first bolt 27 of manual transmission; Fig. 3 is the installation enlarged diagram of manual transmission in Fig. 1, and the right side of manual transmission shell 24 loads input shaft 19, and input shaft is supported on taper roll bearing 13, and seals with input shaft end end cover 21.After the main shaft 10 of manual transmission being installed successively locating sleeve 26, rolling bearing 25, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, register pin 23, cone bearing 18, load on the left of manual transmission shell 24, cone bearing 18 is docked with the endoporus of input shaft 19, be supported in again on taper roll bearing 13, and seal with spindle end end cover 12 and mechanical sealing end cover 11;
Described spindle end gearing 2 comprises large flywheel 32, flat key 33, sleeve 34, large flywheel shaft 36, spindle end flange 37, universal drive shaft 38, large flywheel shaft end flanges 39, spindle end motor shaft joint 42; Described spindle end power source 3 comprises spindle end motor 28; Fig. 4 is that the spindle end of manual transmission installs enlarged diagram, at main shaft 10 end of manual transmission, large flywheel shaft 36 is installed large flywheel 32 and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing 40 rear support in large flywheel shaft bearing 30, seal with large flywheel bearing end cover 41, and be fixed with the second bolt 29.The left end of large flywheel 32 is connected with spindle end motor 28 with spindle end motor coupler 42, and right-hand member universal drive shaft 38 is connected with the main shaft 10 of manual transmission;
Described input shaft end gearing 4 comprises input shaft 19, female splined shaft 46, input shaft end flange 47, axle 50, axle angular contact ball bearing 64, torque sensor shaft coupling 63, torque sensor 51, small flywheel shaft coupling 61, small flywheel 54, small flywheel axle 56, the input shaft end motor coupler 59 of manual transmission; Described input shaft end power source 5 comprises input shaft end motor 58; Fig. 5 is that manual transmission input shaft end installs enlarged diagram, at input shaft 19 end of manual transmission, small flywheel axle 56 is installed small flywheel 54 and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing 55 rear support on small flywheel bearing seat 60, seal with small flywheel bearing seal end cap 52.The right-hand member of small flywheel axle 56 is connected with the input shaft end motor 58 be arranged on input shaft end electric machine support 57 with input shaft end motor coupler 50, and left end small flywheel shaft coupling 61 is connected with the right-hand member being arranged on the torque sensor 51 that torque sensor supports on 62.Transition axis 50 is assemblied on bearing support block 65 after installation shaft angular contact ball bearing 64, and seals right end cap 49 and bearing seal left end cap 66 with the 3rd bolt 48 solid bearing.The right-hand member of transition axis 50 is connected with the left end of torque sensor shaft coupling 63 with torque sensor 51, and left end is connected with female splined shaft 46 by input shaft end flange 47.With the 4th bolt 68, manual gear-box bracket 45 is fixed on the large support 67 of input shaft end, then manual transmission 1 is installed in hand gear box bracket 45, the male splines of its input shaft 19 inserts in female splined shaft 46;
Described lubricating oil temperature controls 6 and comprises tensimeter 70, T-valve 71, spherical valve 72, high temperature resistant oil pipe 73, heating cabinet 74, temperature sensor 75, heating rod 76, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, frequency-variable controller 78, temperature control instrument 79, sebific duct 80, variable-frequency motor 81, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling 82, O-ring seal 83, flange 84, three-way pipe 85, reducer pipe 86; Fig. 6 is lubricating oil heating system process flow diagram, and bottom manual transmission, two refractory metal pipes 73 are connected with three-way pipe 85 and reducer pipe 86, and other two refractory metal pipes 73 are connected with the T-valve 71 on the left of heating cabinet 74 and spherical valve 72.The oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump 77 is connected with the bottom of manual transmission 1, and oil-out is connected with heating cabinet 74.In heating cabinet, be provided with heating rod 76 and temperature sensor 75, utilize temperature sensor 75 to the signal of temperature control instrument 79, temperature control instrument 79 can realize the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod 76, to adjust the temperature of lubricating oil in real time.
Described gear shifting actuating mechanism 7 comprises hydraulic jack 97, piston rod 98, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, variable-frequency motor 81, retaining valve 89, pressure transducer 93, lock valve 95, throttling valve 96, solenoid directional control valve 94, proportional pressure valve 91, current amplifier 92, safety overflow valve 90
Described data acquisition subsystem 8 comprises displacement transducer 35, torque sensor 51, pressure transducer 93, A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer;
Described motion control subsystem 9 comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch;
Test figure when manual transmission is run utilizes the signal of capture card to displacement transducer 35, torque sensor 51, pressure transducer 93 to gather.The data that sensor gathers, after employing RC filtering technique is filtered its undesired signal, enter in capture card.Capture card Visual Studio language is programmed, and develops observing and controlling client end interface (see Fig. 8).The data obtained can be real-time display and be saved in computer, convenient test figure to be analyzed;
Described support subsystem, be made up of supporting base 22, the large support of spindle end 43, manual transmission shell 24, the large support 67 of input shaft end, large flywheel shaft bearing 30, spindle end electric machine support 44, hand gear box bracket 45, torque sensor support 62, bearing support block 65, input shaft end electric machine support 57, the large support 67 of the large support of spindle end 43, input shaft end is fixed on supporting base 22, manual transmission shell 24 is also fixed on supporting base 22 through the large support 67 of input shaft end, and other is separately fixed on the large support 43 of spindle end; Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of Hydraulic Station, and variable-frequency motor 81 drives oil pump 88 to rotate, and provides stable pressure to system.Safety overflow valve 90 sets the top pressure of hydraulic system, guarantees the security of operation of system.Current amplifier 92 and proportional pressure valve 91 can adjust gear shifting force during gearshift.Lock valve 95 can in the position of hydraulic system without lock piston bar 98 during working pressure, to avoid manual transmission 1 off-gear.Throttling valve 96 can the flow velocity of hydraulic control oil, to adjust shift speed during gearshift.Solenoid directional control valve 94 changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, can realize the circulation gearshift of manual transmission 1.
In manual transmission, the disassembly process of test parts synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 is as follows: 1. pull down universal drive shaft 38; 2. spindle end flange 37, first bolt 27, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13 is pulled down successively; 3. the main shaft 10 of manual transmission is extracted; 4. synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 is taken out; Otherwise be 5. then the installation process of synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17.
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, the moment of inertia of car load simulated by the large flywheel 32 of the spindle end of manual transmission 1, and the rotating speed of synchronous ring 16 simulated by spindle end motor 28; The moment of inertia of the small flywheel 54 simulated clutch secondary part of manual transmission input shaft end, the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 simulated by input shaft end motor 58.Motion control card is adopted to monitor the rotating speed of two motors, when the rotating speed of two motors reaches the rotating speed of specifying, motion control card makes input shaft end motor 58 output torque be 0 on the one hand, clutch state when shifting gears to simulate residing for clutch coupling, motion control card makes the rotating speed of spindle end motor 28 remain unchanged on the other hand, constant with the speed of a motor vehicle of simulating vehicle.Then motion control card is powered to the solenoid directional control valve 94 in Hydraulic Station, and (it is electricly logical that low gear changes a high gear circulation time left side, right electricly logical during high gear kickdown, limited block rear left is removed electricly logical when high to low gear switches) pressurize, the synchromesh cone 17 in manual transmission 1 and synchronous ring 16 are contacted under the effect of gear shifting force and to mill.Now the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 and small flywheel 54 accelerates under the effect of moment of friction, when its rotating speed and the rotating speed of synchronous ring reach consistent namely synchronous after, sliding sleeve 15 moves forward and finally hangs up gear.Conducting state is changed into by normally off, to motion control card signal at the travel switch hanging up gear place.After motion control is stuck in and receives this signal, stop powering to unload gear shifting force to solenoid directional control valve 94; After time delay 1 ~ 2 second duration, motion control card powers to the solenoid directional control valve 94 in Hydraulic Station again, and (it is electricly logical that low gear changes the high gear circulation time right side, a high gear kickdown circulation time left side is electricly logical, limited block rear right is removed electricly logical when high to low gear switches) pressurize, manual transmission 1 carries out moving back gear.When running to neutral place and touching travel switch, this place's travel switch changes conducting state into by normally off, to motion control card signal.After motion control is stuck in and receives this signal, stop powering to unload to solenoid directional control valve 94 plucking in gear.Now judge whether previous cycle gearshift number of times reaches the circulation gearshift number of times of regulation, if do not reach, then starts input shaft end motor 58, makes the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 get back to initial speed, again shift gears by above-mentioned operational scheme; If reach, then close spindle end motor 28 and input shaft end motor 58, terminate whole test.
Gearshift subsystem belonging to the present invention is realized by Hydraulic Station, by the oil circuit of motion control card control solenoid directional control valve 94, can realize the circulation gearshift of manual transmission 1; By adjusting the pressure of hydraulic system, gear shifting force when putting into gear can be changed; By arranging lock valve 95 in in-line and oil return line, can in hydraulic system without ensureing during oil pressure that manual transmission 1 can not off-gear when hanging up gear or being in neutral; By arranging throttling valve 96 in in-line and oil return line, adjust the speed when shifting gears; By the position signalling of travel switch, logic control system of switching on or off electricity is carried out to solenoid directional control valve 94, make Hydraulic Station only carry out there is oil pressure when extension moves back gear at manual transmission 1, to reduce the working load of Hydraulic Station and to extend the serviceable life of Hydraulic Station.
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer of the present invention, by motion control card and travel switch, logic control is carried out to two motors, input shaft end motor is started, when starting to carry out hanging to close input shaft end motor 58 at that time when touching neutral place travel switch.This eliminates on the one hand and installs clutch coupling at input shaft end, simplifies testing table; Avoid on the other hand manual transmission 1 be in two motors when putting into gear state all start and cause diaxon to turning round phenomenon, ensure that the safety of testing table.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer embodiment of the present invention is further described.
(1) test condition setting
1. by the working pressure that the Current Control proportional pressure valve 91 of current amplifier 92 in adjustment Hydraulic Station exports, gear shifting force during gearshift is made to be 650N; 2. the temperature setting lubricating oil 20 by the temperature control instrument 79 in lubricating oil temperature control subsystem is 80 DEG C; 3. in manual transmission 1 to add the trade mark be the lubricating oil capacity of 75W-90 is 14L; 4. the rotating speed setting synchronous ring 16 is 800r/min, and the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 is 200r/min; 5. setting sample frequency is 10KHz; 6. setting global cycle gearshift number of times is 60,000 times.
(2) course of work
Test condition is set, then starting characteristics test measurement and control program at observing and controlling client end interface such as Fig. 8.Spindle end motor 28 drives large flywheel 32 and synchronous ring 16 to rotate, and input shaft end motor 58 drives small flywheel 54 and synchromesh cone 17 to rotate.When the rotating speed that motion control card monitors synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 reaches 800r/min and 200r/min respectively, motion control card control spindle end motor 28 makes the permanent rotating speed of large flywheel 32, with the running velocity of simulating vehicle; Motion control card control inputs axle head motor 58 makes its output torque be 0, with the clutch state of simulated clutch simultaneously.Then motion control card is to the logical power supply in solenoid directional control valve 94 left side of Hydraulic Station, and now hydraulic system is pressed, hydraulic oil promotes piston rod 98 to stir the sliding sleeve 15 in manual transmission, applies the normal pressure of 650N to synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17.When synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 moment of friction act on rotating speed reach consistent namely synchronous after, the external toothing that sliding sleeve 15 pushes synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 realizes putting into gear.When hanging up gear and touching the travel switch at this place, motion control card stops the logical power supply in a solenoid directional control valve left side, and carry out release in hydraulic jack 97, piston rod 98 locks its position to avoid off-gear by lock valve.After time delay 1s stablizes its rotating speed, motion control card is to the logical power supply in the solenoid directional control valve right side of Hydraulic Station, hydraulic system is upper pressure again, makes hydraulic oil promote piston rod 98 and oppositely stirs sliding sleeve 15 in manual transmission, and now synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 are thrown off and carried out moving back gear.When move back gear to neutral and touch the travel switch at this place time, motion control card stops leading to power supply carry out release to solenoid directional control valve 94 being right, and piston rod 98 locks its position in neutral by lock valve 95 again.Now measurement and control program judges previous cycle gearshift number of times, if previous cycle gearshift number of times does not reach total setting circulation gearshift number of times, then start input shaft end motor 58, make the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 and small flywheel 54 return to 200r/min, then test of once shifting gears; If previous cycle gearshift number of times reaches total setting circulation gearshift number of times, then close spindle end motor 28 and input shaft end motor 58, terminate this test.
(3) test findings
In shift process, data collecting plate card and the signal of frequency collection board to displacement transducer 35, pressure transducer 93, torque sensor 51 carry out real-time high frequency collection, and the observing and controlling application program utilizing Visual Studio to develop is carried out the test figures such as the gear shifting force collected, gearshift displacement, rotating speed, moment of friction display in real time and preserved in computer.Fig. 9 is the shift process parameter that obtains and time curve in gearshift experimentation, wherein curve 99 is gear shifting force and time curve, can find out from curve 99, gear shifting force can decline at (the A place see Fig. 9 curve 99) suddenly or rise at (the B place see Fig. 9 curve 99), exists and impact when indicating gearshift; Curve 100 is rotating speed and time curve, and as can be seen from curve 100, the variation tendency of manual transmission rotating speed, indicates the net synchronization capability of synchronizer; Curve 101 is gearshift displacement and time curve, can find out from curve 101, and the time experienced during gearshift shift invariant is lock in time (the C place see Fig. 9 curve 101), indicates ride comfort during gearshift; 102 is moment of friction and time curve, and as can be seen from curve 102, the change of moment of friction when gear shifting of manual gearbox, indicates the frictional behaviour of synchronizer.
Claims (1)
1. a synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer, it includes manual transmission (1), spindle end gearing (2), spindle end power source (3), input shaft end gearing (4), input shaft end power source (5), lubricating oil temperature control subsystem (6), gear shifting actuating mechanism (7), data acquisition subsystem (8), motion control subsystem (9), and support subsystem composition, the main shaft (10) that spindle end power source (3) and input shaft end power source (5) are manual transmission (1) and input shaft (19) provide power, spindle end gearing (2) and input shaft end gearing (4) by power transmission to the main shaft of manual transmission (10) and input shaft (19), motion control subsystem (9) and gear shifting actuating mechanism (7) are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission (1), lubricating oil is heated to the actual work temperature of simulation manual transmission by lubricating oil temperature control subsystem (6), data acquisition subsystem (8) is for being captured in the gear shifting force in shift process, shift gears displacement, moment of friction, rotating speed, described support subsystem is by supporting base (22), the large support of spindle end (43), manual transmission shell (24), the large support of input shaft end (67), large flywheel shaft bearing (30), spindle end electric machine support (44), hand gear box bracket (45), torque sensor supports (62), bearing support block (65), input shaft end electric machine support (57) forms, the large support of spindle end (43), the large support of input shaft end (67) is fixed on supporting base (22), manual transmission shell (24) is also fixed on supporting base (22) through the large support of input shaft end (67), other is separately fixed on the large support of spindle end (43), it is characterized in that:
Described manual transmission (1) comprises the main shaft (10) of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover (11), spindle end end cover (12), taper roll bearing (13), gear (14), sliding sleeve (15), synchronous ring (16), synchromesh cone (17), cone bearing (18), the input shaft (19) of manual transmission, input shaft end end cover (21), register pin (23), manual transmission shell (24), rolling bearing (25), locating sleeve (26), first bolt (27), the right side of manual transmission shell (24) loads input shaft (19), input shaft is supported on taper roll bearing (13), with input shaft end end cover (21) sealing, main shaft (10) is installed successively locating sleeve (26), rolling bearing (25), gear (14), sliding sleeve (15), synchronous ring (16), synchromesh cone (17), register pin (23), after cone bearing (18), load from manual transmission shell (24) left side, cone bearing (18) is docked with the endoporus of input shaft (19), be supported on taper roll bearing (13) again, seal with spindle end end cover (12) and mechanical sealing end cover (11),
Described spindle end gearing (2) comprises large flywheel (32), flat key (33), sleeve (34), large flywheel shaft (36), spindle end flange (37), universal drive shaft (38), large flywheel shaft end flanges (39), spindle end motor shaft joint (42); Described spindle end power source (3) comprises spindle end motor (28); Hold at main shaft (10), large flywheel shaft (36) the large flywheel of upper installation (32) and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing (40) rear support are on large flywheel shaft bearing (30), seal with large flywheel bearing end cover (41), be fixed with the second bolt (29), the left end of large flywheel (32) is connected with spindle end motor (28) with spindle end motor coupler (42), and right-hand member universal drive shaft (38) is connected with the main shaft (10) of manual transmission;
Described input shaft end gearing (4) comprises input shaft (19), female splined shaft (46), input shaft end flange (47), transition axis (50), axle angular contact ball bearing (64), torque sensor shaft coupling (63), torque sensor (51), small flywheel shaft coupling (61), small flywheel (54), small flywheel axle (56), the input shaft end motor coupler (59) of manual transmission; Described input shaft end power source (5) comprises input shaft end motor (58); Hold at the input shaft (19) of manual transmission, small flywheel axle (56) is installed small flywheel (54) and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing (55) rear support on small flywheel bearing seat (60), the right-hand member of small flywheel axle (56) is connected with the input shaft end motor (58) be arranged on input shaft end electric machine support (57) with input shaft end motor coupler (50), and left end small flywheel shaft coupling (61) is connected with the right-hand member being arranged on the torque sensor (51) that torque sensor supports on (62); Transition axis (50) is assemblied on bearing support block (65) after installation shaft angular contact ball bearing (64), with the 3rd bolt (48) solid bearing sealing right end cap (49) and bearing seal left end cap (66); The right-hand member of transition axis (50) is connected with the left end of torque sensor shaft coupling (63) with torque sensor (51), left end is connected with female splined shaft (46) by input shaft end flange (47), with the 4th bolt (68), manual gear-box bracket (45) is fixed on the large support of input shaft end (67), then manual transmission (1) is installed in hand gear box bracket (45), the male splines of input shaft (19) inserts in female splined shaft (46);
Described lubricating oil temperature control subsystem (6) comprises tensimeter (70), T-valve (71), spherical valve (72), high temperature resistant oil pipe (73), heating cabinet (74), temperature sensor (75), heating rod (76), high temperature resistant oil pump (77), frequency-variable controller (78), temperature control instrument (79), sebific duct (80), variable-frequency motor (81), variable-frequency motor shaft coupling (82), O-ring seal (83), flange (84), three-way pipe (85), reducer pipe (86), bottom manual transmission, two refractory metal pipes (73) are connected with three-way pipe (85) and reducer pipe (86), other two refractory metal pipes (73) are connected with the T-valve (71) on the left of heating cabinet (74) and spherical valve (72), the oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump (77) is connected with the bottom of manual transmission (1), oil-out is connected with heating cabinet (74), heating rod (76) and temperature sensor (75) are installed in heating cabinet, utilize temperature sensor (75) to the signal of temperature control instrument (79), temperature control instrument (79) realizes the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod (76), the temperature of real-time adjustment lubricating oil,
Described gear shifting actuating mechanism (7) comprises hydraulic jack (97), piston rod (98), high temperature resistant oil pump (77), variable-frequency motor (81), retaining valve (89), pressure transducer (93), lock valve (95), throttling valve (96), solenoid directional control valve (94), proportional pressure valve (91), current amplifier (92), safety overflow valve (90), variable-frequency motor (81) drives oil pump (88) to rotate, stable pressure is provided to system, the top pressure of safety overflow valve (90) setting hydraulic system, gear shifting force when current amplifier (92) and proportional pressure valve (91) adjustment gearshift, lock valve (95) is in the position of hydraulic system without lock piston bar (98) during working pressure, to avoid manual transmission (1) off-gear, the flow velocity of throttling valve (96) hydraulic control oil, shift speed during adjustment gearshift, solenoid directional control valve (94) changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, realize the circulation gearshift of manual transmission (1),
Described data acquisition subsystem (8) comprises displacement transducer (35), torque sensor (51), pressure transducer (93), A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer; Described motion control subsystem (9) comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch; Test figure when manual transmission is run utilizes the signal of capture card to displacement transducer (35), torque sensor (51), pressure transducer (93) to gather, the data that sensor gathers, after employing RC filtering technique is filtered its undesired signal, enter in capture card, capture card Visual Studio language is programmed, and the data obtained show in real time and are saved in computer.
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