CN103512747A - Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer - Google Patents
Synchronization performance evaluation device for manual transmission synchronizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering tribology and provides a synchronization performance evaluation device for a manual transmission synchronizer. The synchronization performance evaluation device is used for evaluating the influences of different lubricating oil on the synchronization performance of the manual transmission synchronizer. The synchronization performance evaluation device is mainly composed of a supporting subsystem, a power subsystem, a transmission subsystem, a temperature control subsystem, a gear shifting subsystem, a motion control subsystem and a data acquisition subsystem. With the synchronization performance evaluation device adopted, testing conditions such as a gear shifting force, rotation speed difference, lubricating oil temperature, the number of times of gear shifting and sampling frequencies can be adjusted; testing data such as rotation speed, friction torque, the gear shifting force and gear shift displacement can be acquired in a real-time manner; and manual transmission synchronizers with different shapes and different sizes can be tested through adjusting the axial interval of the device. The synchronization performance evaluation device for the manual transmission synchronizer is advantageous in high-frequency real-time acquisition and storage of the testing data, convenient assembly and disassembly, operational simplicity, low testing cost and the like. The synchronization performance evaluation device for the manual transmission synchronizer can be also used for researching the influences of synchronous ring friction materials on the synchronization performance of the synchronizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Vehicle Engineering drive technology field, relate to vehicle gear box synchronizer, particularly relate to hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation under different oils type operating mode.
Background technology
Wheel box is the important component part of vehicle drive system, and the quality of its performance directly has influence on the performance of kinematic train.Synchronizer is a critical component in wheel box, its effect is when gearbox shifting, by the rubbing contact process of synchromesh cone and synchronous ring, the gear that rotating speed is not waited is intermeshing again after reaching " synchronously ", thereby effectively eliminates the impact producing between shift process middle gear.Because synchronizer wants long period of soaking in containing oily manual transmission, under actual applying working condition, the kinetic friction between synchromesh cone and synchronous ring must be carried out having under the condition of boundary lubrication.Lubricating oil has material impact to the friction and wear behavior of synchronizer, and the one, bad lubricating oil can reduce the friction factor between synchromesh cone and synchronous ring, and the 2nd, bad lubricating oil can aggravate the wearing and tearing of friction pair material.Therefore being lubricated analysis and the evaluation of oil to synchromesh cone and synchronous ring friction and wear behavior, and then instructing the design of lubricating oil product, is one of gordian technique improving hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability.
At present, the evaluation of two friction pair friction and wear behaviors is mainly completed with various code test stands, for example SRV4 type friction wear testing machine, M2-H3 type high-speed loop piece abrasion testing machine, MS-10G type four-ball friction and wear test machine.Simultaneously in the petroleum chemical industry standard SH/T0756-2005 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) " manual gear box oil thermostability rating method ", stipulated that the method synchronizer used is the assembly of frictional disk, positioning disk and timing clutch by the test method of mark's circulation testing machine evaluation heavy load manual gear box oil thermal stability.Yet, the actual operating mode of the used hand operated speed gear box synchronous device of the test condition that code test stand sets and China also has certain gap, as the rotating speed to two friction pairs is controlled, the equivalent moment of inertia of two friction pairs and two friction pairs are all simulated not enough the squeezed state of lubricating oil when to mill.In mark's circulation testing machine, synchronizer used is mainly used in North America ，Er China manual transmission synchronizer used and is mainly the inertial lock ring type synchronizer being comprised of synchromesh cone, synchronous ring and combined cover etc., and the type of both synchronizers used is different; Because the contact form of differentiated friction pair can affect its friction and wear behavior, therefore the experimental result that mark's circulation testing machine assesses is not suitable for China's hand operated speed gear box synchronous device; Simultaneously the test figure of mark's circulation testing machine in can not Real-time Collection shift process, can not carry out on-line analysis to the net synchronization capability of synchronizer.Therefore, the device of current evaluation lubricating oil on hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability impact, has been not suitable with the demand of China's national situation and development of new techniques.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device that adapts to China's national situation, to change the present situation of the actual condition that existing apparatus can not real simulation hand operated speed gear box synchronous device.
Hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention, it includes manual transmission, spindle end gearing, spindle end power source, input shaft end gearing, input shaft end power source, lubricating oil temperature control, gear shifting actuating mechanism, data acquisition subsystem, motion control subsystem, and support subsystem forms, main shaft and input shaft that spindle end power source and input shaft end power source are manual transmission provide power, and spindle end gearing and input shaft end gearing be main shaft and the input shaft to manual transmission by transmission of power, motion control subsystem and gear shifting actuating mechanism are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission, lubricating oil temperature is controlled the actual work temperature that lubricating oil is heated to simulation manual transmission, data acquisition subsystem is for being captured in gear shifting force, gearshift displacement, moment of friction, the rotating speed of shift process, manual transmission comprises the main shaft of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover, spindle end end cover, taper roll bearing, gear, sliding sleeve, synchronous ring, synchromesh cone, cone bearing, the input shaft of manual transmission, input shaft end end cover, register pin, manual transmission shell, rolling bearing, locating sleeve, bolt, the right side of manual transmission shell packs input shaft into, input shaft is supported on taper roll bearing, locating sleeve is installed on main shaft successively, rolling bearing, gear, sliding sleeve, synchronous ring, synchromesh cone, register pin, after cone bearing, from manual transmission shell left side, pack into, cone bearing is docked with the endoporus of input shaft, be supported on taper roll bearing, with spindle end end cover and mechanical sealing end cover, seal, spindle end gearing comprises large flywheel, flat key, sleeve, large flywheel shaft, spindle end flange, universal drive shaft, large flywheel shaft end flanges, spindle end motor shaft joint, described spindle end power source comprises spindle end motor, large flywheel and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing rear support are installed on large flywheel shaft in large flywheel shaft bearing, with large flywheel bearing end cover, seal, with bolt, be fixed, the left end of large flywheel is connected with spindle end motor with spindle end motor coupler, and right-hand member is connected with the main shaft of manual transmission with universal drive shaft, input shaft end gearing comprises input shaft, female splined shaft, input shaft end flange, transition axis, angular contact ball bearing, torque sensor shaft coupling, torque sensor, small flywheel shaft coupling, small flywheel, small flywheel axle, the input shaft end motor coupler for axle of manual transmission, input shaft end power source comprises input shaft end motor, input shaft end in manual transmission, small flywheel and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing rear support are installed on small flywheel axle on small flywheel bearing seat, the right-hand member of small flywheel axle is connected with the input shaft end motor being arranged on input shaft end electric machine support with input shaft end motor coupler, and left end is connected with the right-hand member that is arranged on the torque sensor in torque sensor support with small flywheel shaft coupling, transition axis with being assemblied in after angular contact ball bearing on bearing support block, seals right end cap and bearing seal left end cap with the 3rd bolt solid bearing in installation shaft, the right-hand member of transition axis is connected with the left end of torque sensor with torque sensor shaft coupling, left end is connected with female splined shaft by input shaft end flange, with the 4th bolt, manual gear-box bracket is fixed on the large support of input shaft end, then manual transmission is installed in hand gear box bracket, the male splines of input shaft inserts in female splined shaft, lubricating oil temperature is controlled and is comprised tensimeter, T-valve, spherical valve, high temperature resistant oil pipe, heating cabinet, temperature sensor, heating rod, high temperature resistant oil pump, frequency-variable controller, temperature control instrument, sebific duct, variable-frequency motor, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling, O-ring seal, flange, three-way pipe, reducer pipe, the two refractory metal pipes in manual transmission bottom are connected with reducer pipe with three-way pipe, other two refractory metal pipes are connected with spherical valve with the T-valve in heating cabinet left side, the oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump is connected with the bottom of manual transmission, oil-out is connected with heating cabinet, heating rod and temperature sensor are installed in heating cabinet, utilize temperature sensor to the signal of temperature control instrument, temperature control instrument is realized the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod, adjusts in real time the temperature of lubricating oil, described gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises hydraulic jack, piston rod, high temperature resistant oil pump, variable-frequency motor, retaining valve, pressure transducer, lock valve, throttling valve, solenoid directional control valve, proportional pressure valve, current amplifier, safety overflow valve, variable-frequency motor drives oil pump to rotate, to system, provide stable pressure, safety overflow valve is set the top pressure of hydraulic system, gear shifting force during current amplifier and proportional pressure valve adjustment gearshift, lock valve is in hydraulic system lock piston Gan position during without working pressure, to avoid manual transmission off-gear, the flow velocity of throttle valve control hydraulic oil, shift speed while adjusting gearshift, solenoid directional control valve changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, realize the circulation gearshift to manual transmission, data acquisition subsystem comprises displacement transducer, torque sensor, pressure transducer, A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer, described motion control subsystem comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch, test figure during manual transmission operation utilizes capture card to gather the signal of displacement transducer, torque sensor, pressure transducer, the data that sensor gathers, after adopting RC filtering technique to filter its undesired signal, enter in capture card, capture card is programmed with Visual Studio language, and the data that obtain show in real time and are saved in computer.
Synchronizer net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
1) actual condition of this device energy real simulation hand operated speed gear box synchronous device;
2) can carry out to manual transmission the gearshift of various modes, as carry out by the circulation gearshift of high gear kickdown, carry out by low gear change the circulation gearshift of high gear, the circulation of carrying out switching between high to low gear is shifted gears;
3) high frequency gathers the test figures such as rotating speed, moment of torsion, gearshift displacement, gear shifting force in real time;
4) spindle end support can axially be adjusted according to the size of different manual transmission from the relative position of input shaft end support, is conducive to carry out the research of lubricating oil on different hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability impacts;
5) test findings shows, this device has higher stability and repeatability, can assess the impact of different oils on hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is synchronizer net synchronization capability evaluation device composition frame chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention spindle end,
Manual transmission, input shaft end assembly relation schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the installation enlarged diagram of manual transmission in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is that the spindle end of manual transmission is installed enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 is that manual transmission input shaft end is installed enlarged diagram;
Fig. 6 is lubricating oil heating system process flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of Hydraulic Station;
Fig. 8 is observing and controlling client end interface;
Shift process parameter and the time curve of Fig. 9 for obtaining in gearshift experimentation.
In figure: manual transmission 1, spindle end gearing 2, spindle end power source 3, input shaft end gearing 4, input shaft end power source 5, lubricating oil temperature control subsystem 6, gear shifting actuating mechanism 7, data acquisition subsystem 8, motion control subsystem 9, the main shaft 10 of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, cone bearing 18, the input shaft 19 of manual transmission, lubricating oil 20, input shaft end end cover 21, supporting base 22, register pin 23, manual transmission shell 24, rolling bearing 25, locating sleeve 26, the first bolt 27, spindle end motor 28, the second bolt 29, large flywheel shaft bearing 30, large flywheel safety screen 31, large flywheel 32, flat key 33, sleeve 34, displacement transducer 35, large flywheel shaft 36, spindle end flange 37, universal drive shaft 38, large flywheel shaft end flanges 39, large flywheel angular contact ball bearing 40, large flywheel bearing end cover 41, spindle end motor coupler 42, the large support 43 of spindle end, spindle end electric machine support 44, hand gear box bracket 45, female splined shaft 46, input shaft end flange 47, the 3rd bolt 48, bearing seal right end cap 49, transition axis 50, torque sensor 51, small flywheel bearing seal end cap 52, small flywheel safety screen 53, small flywheel 54, small flywheel angular contact ball bearing 55, small flywheel axle 56, input shaft end electric machine support 57, input shaft end motor 58, input shaft end motor coupler 59, small flywheel bearing seat 60, small flywheel shaft coupling 61, torque sensor supports 62, torque sensor shaft coupling 63, angular contact ball bearing 64 for axle, bearing support block 65, bearing seal left end cap 66, the large support 67 of input shaft end, the 4th bolt 68, support bar 69, tensimeter 70, T-valve 71, spherical valve 72, high temperature resistant oil pipe 73, heating cabinet 74, temperature sensor 75, heating rod 76, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, frequency-variable controller 78, temperature control instrument 79, sebific duct 80, variable-frequency motor 81, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling 82, O-ring seal 83, flange 84, three-way pipe 85, reducer pipe 86, fuel tank 87, oil pump 88, retaining valve 89, safety overflow valve 90, proportional pressure valve 91, current amplifier 92, pressure transducer 93, solenoid directional control valve 94, lock valve 95, throttling valve 96, hydraulic jack 97, piston rod 98, gear shifting force and time curve 99, rotating speed and time curve 100, gearshift displacement and time curve 101, moment of friction and time curve 102.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, structure, principle and the course of work of hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention are further described.Fig. 1 is hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device composition frame chart of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is spindle end, manual transmission, the input shaft end assembly relation schematic diagram of hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention.
Hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention, include manual transmission 1, spindle end gearing 2, spindle end power source 3, input shaft end gearing 4, input shaft end power source 5, lubricating oil temperature control 6, gear shifting actuating mechanism 7, data acquisition subsystem 8, motion control subsystem 9, and support subsystem forms; Main shaft 10 and input shaft 19 that spindle end power source 3 and input shaft end power source 5 are manual transmission 1 provide power, and spindle end gearing 2 and input shaft end gearing 4 be main shaft 10 and the input shaft 19 to manual transmission by transmission of power; Motion control subsystem 9 and gear shifting actuating mechanism 7 are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission 1; Lubricating oil temperature is controlled 6 lubricating oil is heated to the actual work temperature of simulating manual transmission; Data acquisition subsystem 8 is for being captured in gear shifting force, gearshift displacement, moment of friction, the rotating speed of shift process;
Described manual transmission 1 comprises main shaft 10, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, cone bearing 18, the input shaft 19 of manual transmission, input shaft end end cover 21, register pin 23, manual transmission shell 24, rolling bearing 25, locating sleeve 26, first bolt 27 of manual transmission; Fig. 3 is the installation enlarged diagram of manual transmission in Fig. 1, and manual transmission shell 24 right side packs input shaft 19 into, and input shaft is supported on taper roll bearing 13, and seals with input shaft end end cover 21.On the main shaft 10 of manual transmission, install successively after locating sleeve 26, rolling bearing 25, gear 14, sliding sleeve 15, synchronous ring 16, synchromesh cone 17, register pin 23, cone bearing 18, from manual transmission shell 24 left sides, pack into, cone bearing 18 is docked with the endoporus of input shaft 19, be supported in again on taper roll bearing 13, and seal with spindle end end cover 12 and mechanical sealing end cover 11;
Described spindle end gearing 2 comprises large flywheel 32, flat key 33, sleeve 34, large flywheel shaft 36, spindle end flange 37, universal drive shaft 38, large flywheel shaft end flanges 39, spindle end motor shaft joint 42; Described spindle end power source 3 comprises spindle end motor 28; Fig. 4 is that the spindle end of manual transmission is installed enlarged diagram, main shaft 10 ends in manual transmission, large flywheel 32 and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing 40 rear supports are installed on large flywheel shaft 36 in large flywheel shaft bearing 30, with large flywheel bearing end cover 41, seal, and be fixed with the second bolt 29.The left end of large flywheel 32 is connected with spindle end motor 28 with spindle end motor coupler 42, and right-hand member is connected with the main shaft 10 of manual transmission with universal drive shaft 38;
Described input shaft end gearing 4 comprises input shaft 19, female splined shaft 46, input shaft end flange 47, axle 50, angular contact ball bearing 64, torque sensor shaft coupling 63, torque sensor 51, small flywheel shaft coupling 61, small flywheel 54, small flywheel axle 56, the input shaft end motor coupler 59 for axle of manual transmission; Described input shaft end power source 5 comprises input shaft end motor 58; Fig. 5 is that manual transmission input shaft end is installed enlarged diagram, input shaft 19 ends in manual transmission, small flywheel 54 and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing 55 rear supports are installed on small flywheel axle 56 on small flywheel bearing seat 60, with small flywheel bearing seal end cap 52, seal.The right-hand member of small flywheel axle 56 is connected with the input shaft end motor 58 being arranged on input shaft end electric machine support 57 with input shaft end motor coupler 50, and left end is connected with the right-hand member that is arranged on the torque sensor 51 in torque sensor support 62 with small flywheel shaft coupling 61.Transition axis 50 in installation shaft with being assemblied on bearing support block 65 after angular contact ball bearing 64, and with the 3rd bolt 48 solid bearings sealings right end cap 49 and bearing seal left end caps 66.The right-hand member of transition axis 50 is connected with the left end of torque sensor 51 with torque sensor shaft coupling 63, and left end is connected with female splined shaft 46 by input shaft end flange 47.With the 4th bolt 68, manual gear-box bracket 45 is fixed on the large support 67 of input shaft end, then manual transmission 1 is installed in hand gear box bracket 45, the male splines of its input shaft 19 inserts in female splined shaft 46;
Described lubricating oil temperature is controlled 6 and is comprised tensimeter 70, T-valve 71, spherical valve 72, high temperature resistant oil pipe 73, heating cabinet 74, temperature sensor 75, heating rod 76, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, frequency-variable controller 78, temperature control instrument 79, sebific duct 80, variable-frequency motor 81, variable-frequency motor shaft coupling 82, O-ring seal 83, flange 84, three-way pipe 85, reducer pipe 86; Fig. 6 is lubricating oil heating system process flow diagram, and the two refractory metal pipes 73 in manual transmission bottom are connected with reducer pipe 86 with three-way pipe 85, and other two refractory metal pipes 73 are connected with spherical valve 72 with the T-valve 71 in heating cabinet 74 left sides.The oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump 77 is connected with the bottom of manual transmission 1, and oil-out is connected with heating cabinet 74.Heating rod 76 and temperature sensor 75 are installed in heating cabinet, utilize temperature sensor 75 signals to temperature control instrument 79, temperature control instrument 79 can be realized the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod 76, to adjust in real time the temperature of lubricating oil.
Described gear shifting actuating mechanism 7 comprises hydraulic jack 97, piston rod 98, high temperature resistant oil pump 77, variable-frequency motor 81, retaining valve 89, pressure transducer 93, lock valve 95, throttling valve 96, solenoid directional control valve 94, proportional pressure valve 91, current amplifier 92, safety overflow valve 90
Described data acquisition subsystem 8 comprises displacement transducer 35, torque sensor 51, pressure transducer 93, A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer;
Described motion control subsystem 9 comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch;
Test figure during manual transmission operation utilizes capture card to gather the signal of displacement transducer 35, torque sensor 51, pressure transducer 93.The data that sensor gathers, after adopting RC filtering technique to filter its undesired signal, enter in capture card.Capture card is programmed with Visual Studio language, and develops observing and controlling client end interface (seeing Fig. 8).The data that obtain can be real-time demonstration and be saved in computer, convenient test figure is analyzed;
Described support subsystem, by supporting base 22, the large support 43 of spindle end, manual transmission shell 24, the large support 67 of input shaft end, large flywheel shaft bearing 30, spindle end electric machine support 44, hand gear box bracket 45, torque sensor support 62, bearing support block 65, input shaft end electric machine support 57, formed, the large support 43 of spindle end, the large support 67 of input shaft end are fixed on supporting base 22, manual transmission shell 24 is also fixed on supporting base 22 through the large support 67 of input shaft end, and other is separately fixed on the large support 43 of spindle end; Fig. 7 is the workflow diagram of Hydraulic Station, and variable-frequency motor 81 drives oil pump 88 to rotate, and to system, provides stable pressure.Safety overflow valve 90 is set the top pressure of hydraulic system, guarantees the security of operation of system.Gear shifting force when current amplifier 92 and proportional pressure valve 91 can be adjusted gearshift.Lock valve 95 can be in hydraulic system lock piston Gan98 position during without working pressure, to avoid manual transmission 1 off-gear.Throttling valve 96 can be controlled the flow velocity of hydraulic oil, the shift speed while shifting gears to adjust.Solenoid directional control valve 94 changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, can realize the circulation gearshift to manual transmission 1.
In manual transmission, the disassembly process of test parts synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 is as follows: 1. pull down universal drive shaft 38; 2. pull down successively spindle end flange 37, the first bolt 27, mechanical sealing end cover 11, spindle end end cover 12, taper roll bearing 13; 3. extract the main shaft 10 of manual transmission; 4. take out synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17; Otherwise be 5. the installation process of synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17.
Hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention, the moment of inertia of the large flywheel 32 simulation car loads of the spindle end of manual transmission 1, the rotating speed of spindle end motor 28 simulation synchronous ring 16; The moment of inertia of the small flywheel 54 simulated clutch secondary parts of manual transmission input shaft end, the rotating speed of input shaft end motor 58 simulation synchromesh cones 17.Adopt motion control card to monitor the rotating speed of two motors, when the rotating speed of two motors reaches the rotating speed of appointment, it is 0 that one side motion control card makes input shaft end motor 58 output torques, the residing clutch state of clutch coupling during with simulation gearshift, motion control card remains unchanged the rotating speed of spindle end motor 28 on the other hand, constant with the speed of a motor vehicle of simulating vehicle.Then to solenoid directional control valve 94 power supplies in Hydraulic Station, (it is left electricly logical that low gear is changed high gear circulation time to motion control card, right electricly logical during high gear kickdown, when high to low gear is switched, remove limited block rear left electricly logical) pressurize, synchromesh cone 17 in manual transmission 1 contact under the effect of gear shifting force and to grinding with synchronous ring 16.Now the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 and small flywheel 54 accelerates under the effect of moment of friction, when its rotating speed and the rotating speed of synchronous ring reach consistent synchronous after, sliding sleeve 15 moves forward and finally hangs up gear.At the travel switch that hangs up gear place, by normally off, change conducting state into, give motion control card signal.Motion control is stuck in receives after this signal, stops solenoid directional control valve 94 to power to unload gear shifting force; After 1～2 second duration of time delay, motion control card powers to the solenoid directional control valve 94 in Hydraulic Station again, and (it is right electricly logical that low gear is changed high gear circulation time, high gear kickdown circulation time is left electricly logical, when high to low gear is switched, remove limited block rear right electricly logical) pressurize, manual transmission 1 is moved back to gear.When running to neutral place and touch travel switch, this place's travel switch changes conducting state into by normally off, gives motion control card signal.Motion control is stuck in receives after this signal, stops solenoid directional control valve 94 to power to unload to pluck in gear.Now judge whether current circulation gearshift number of times has reached the circulation gearshift number of times of regulation, if do not reach, starts input shaft end motor 58, makes the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 get back to initial speed, by above-mentioned operational scheme, again shifts gears; If reach, close spindle end motor 28 and input shaft end motor 58, finish whole test.
Gearshift subsystem under the present invention is realized by Hydraulic Station, by the oil circuit of motion control card control solenoid directional control valve 94, can realize the circulation gearshift to manual transmission 1; By adjusting the pressure of hydraulic system, can change the gear shifting force while putting into gear; By lock valve 95 is set in in-line and oil return line, can guarantee that in hydraulic system manual transmission 1 is hanging up gear or can off-gear during in neutral during without oil pressure; By throttling valve 96 is set in in-line and oil return line, the speed while being adjusted at gearshift; Position signalling by travel switch carries out logic control system of switching on or off electricity to solenoid directional control valve 94, makes Hydraulic Station only move back when gear and have oil pressure manual transmission 1 is hung, to reduce the working load of Hydraulic Station and to extend serviceable life of Hydraulic Station.
Hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device of the present invention, by motion control card and travel switch, two motors are carried out to logic control, when touching neutral place travel switch, start input shaft end motor, when starting to hang, closed at that time input shaft end motor 58.This has saved on the one hand at input shaft end clutch coupling has been installed, and has simplified testing table; Avoided on the other hand manual transmission 1 two motors when putting into gear state all to start and cause diaxon to turning round phenomenon, guaranteed the safety of testing table.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device embodiment of the present invention is further described.
(1) test condition is set
1. by adjusting the working pressure of Current Control proportional pressure valve 91 outlets of current amplifier 92 in Hydraulic Station, the gear shifting force while making to shift gears is 650N; 2. the temperature of setting lubricating oil 20 by the temperature control instrument 79 in lubricating oil temperature control subsystem is 80 ℃; 3. the lubricating oil capacity that interior the added trade mark of manual transmission 1 is 75W-90 is 14L; 4. the rotating speed of setting synchronous ring 16 is 800r/min, and the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 is 200r/min; 5. setting sample frequency is 10KHz; 6. setting global cycle gearshift number of times is 60,000 times.
(2) course of work
At observing and controlling client end interface, set test condition as Fig. 8, then starting characteristics test measurement and control program.Spindle end motor 28 drives large flywheel 32 and synchronous ring 16 to rotate, and input shaft end motor 58 drives small flywheel 54 and synchromesh cone 17 to rotate.When the rotating speed that monitors synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 when motion control card reaches respectively 800r/min and 200r/min, motion control card control spindle end motor 28 makes the permanent rotating speed of large flywheel 32, with the running velocity of simulating vehicle; It is 0 that while motion control card control inputs axle head motor 58 makes its output torque, with the clutch state of simulated clutch.Then motion control card, to the left logical power supply of solenoid directional control valve 94 of Hydraulic Station, is now pressed in hydraulic system, and hydraulic oil promotes piston rod 98 to stir the sliding sleeve 15 in manual transmission, applies the normal pressure of 650N to synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17.When synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 moment of friction act on rotating speed reach consistent synchronous after, sliding sleeve 15 pushes on the external toothing of synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 and realizes and putting into gear.Hanging up gear while touching the travel switch at this place, motion control card stops, to the left logical power supply of solenoid directional control valve, carrying out release in hydraulic jack 97, and piston rod 98 locks its position to avoid off-gear by lock valve.At time delay 1s, stablize after its rotating speed, motion control card is to the right logical power supply of solenoid directional control valve of Hydraulic Station, hydraulic system is upper pressure again, makes hydraulic oil promote piston rod 98 and oppositely stirs the sliding sleeve 15 in manual transmission, and gear is moved back in now synchronous ring 16 and synchromesh cone 17 disengagements.When moving back gear to neutral and touching the travel switch at this place, motion control card stops the right logical power supply to solenoid directional control valve 94 and carries out release, and piston rod 98 is again by lock valve 95 its positions in neutral of locking.Now measurement and control program judges current circulation gearshift number of times, if current circulation gearshift number of times does not reach total setting circulation gearshift number of times, start input shaft end motor 58, make the rotating speed of synchromesh cone 17 and small flywheel 54 return to 200r/min, then the test of once shifting gears; If current circulation gearshift number of times reaches total setting circulation gearshift number of times, close spindle end motor 28 and input shaft end motor 58, finish this test.
(3) test findings
In shift process, data collecting plate card and frequency collection board carry out real-time high frequency collection to the signal of displacement transducer 35, pressure transducer 93, torque sensor 51, and utilize the observing and controlling application program that Visual Studio develops that the test figures such as the gear shifting force collecting, gearshift displacement, rotating speed, moment of friction are carried out showing in real time and preserving in computer.Shift process parameter and the time curve of Fig. 9 for obtaining in gearshift experimentation, wherein curve 99 is gear shifting force and time curve, from curve 99, can find out, gear shifting force can decline (seeing the A place of Fig. 9 curve 99) suddenly or rise (seeing the B place of Fig. 9 curve 99), while having shown gearshift, exists and impacts; Curve 100 is rotating speed and time curve, can find out that the variation tendency of manual transmission rotating speed has shown the net synchronization capability of synchronizer from curve 100; Curve 101 is gearshift displacement and time curve, from curve 101, can find out, the time of experiencing during gearshift shift invariant is lock in time (seeing the C place of Fig. 9 curve 101), the ride comfort while having shown gearshift; 102 is moment of friction and time curve, can find out that the variation of moment of friction when gear shifting of manual gearbox has shown the frictional behaviour of synchronizer from curve 102.
Claims (1)
1. a hand operated speed gear box synchronous device net synchronization capability evaluation device, it includes manual transmission (1), spindle end gearing (2), spindle end power source (3), input shaft end gearing (4), input shaft end power source (5), lubricating oil temperature control (6), gear shifting actuating mechanism (7), data acquisition subsystem (8), motion control subsystem (9), and support subsystem forms, spindle end power source (3) and input shaft end power source (5) provide power for the main shaft (10) of manual transmission (1) and input shaft (19), and spindle end gearing (2) and input shaft end gearing (4) be main shaft (10) and the input shaft (19) to manual transmission by transmission of power, motion control subsystem (9) and gear shifting actuating mechanism (7) are for controlling the circulation gearshift of manual transmission (1), lubricating oil temperature is controlled (6) and lubricating oil is heated to the actual work temperature of simulation manual transmission, data acquisition subsystem (8) is for being captured in gear shifting force, gearshift displacement, moment of friction, the rotating speed of shift process, described support subsystem comprises supporting base (22), the large support of spindle end (43), manual transmission shell (24), the large support of input shaft end (67), large flywheel shaft bearing (30), spindle end electric machine support (44), hand gear box bracket (45), torque sensor supports (62), bearing support block (65), input shaft end electric machine support (57) forms, the large support of spindle end (43), the large support of input shaft end (67) is fixed on supporting base (22), manual transmission shell (24) is also fixed on supporting base (22) through the large support of input shaft end (67), other is separately fixed on the large support of spindle end (43), it is characterized in that:
Described manual transmission (1) comprises the main shaft (10) of manual transmission, mechanical sealing end cover (11), spindle end end cover (12), taper roll bearing (13), gear (14), sliding sleeve (15), synchronous ring (16), synchromesh cone (17), cone bearing (18), the input shaft of manual transmission (19), input shaft end end cover (21), register pin (23), manual transmission shell (24), rolling bearing (25), locating sleeve (26), the first bolt (27), the right side of manual transmission shell (24) packs input shaft (19) into, it is upper that input shaft is supported in taper roll bearing (13), with input shaft end end cover (21) sealing, locating sleeve (26) is installed on main shaft (10) successively, rolling bearing (25), gear (14), sliding sleeve (15), synchronous ring (16), synchromesh cone (17), register pin (23), after cone bearing (18), from manual transmission shell (24) left side, pack into, cone bearing (18) is docked with the endoporus of input shaft (19), be supported in again taper roll bearing (13) upper, with spindle end end cover (12) and mechanical sealing end cover (11), seal,
Described spindle end gearing (2) comprises large flywheel (32), flat key (33), sleeve (34), large flywheel shaft (36), spindle end flange (37), universal drive shaft (38), large flywheel shaft end flanges (39), spindle end motor shaft joint (42); Described spindle end power source (3) comprises spindle end motor (28); At main shaft (10), hold, large flywheel shaft (36) upper installation large flywheel (32) and large flywheel angular contact ball bearing (40) rear support are in large flywheel shaft bearing (30), with large flywheel bearing end cover (41), seal, with the second bolt (29), be fixed, the left end of large flywheel (32) is connected with spindle end motor (28) with spindle end motor coupler (42), and universal drive shaft for right-hand member (38) is connected with the main shaft (10) of manual transmission;
Described input shaft end gearing (4) comprises input shaft (19), female splined shaft (46), input shaft end flange (47), transition axis (50), angular contact ball bearing (64), torque sensor shaft coupling (63), torque sensor (51), small flywheel shaft coupling (61), small flywheel (54), small flywheel axle (56), the input shaft end motor coupler (59) for axle of manual transmission; Described input shaft end power source (5) comprises input shaft end motor (58); Input shaft (19) end in manual transmission, small flywheel axle (56) upper installation small flywheel (54) and small flywheel angular contact ball bearing (55) rear support are on small flywheel bearing seat (60), the input shaft end motor coupler for right-hand member (50) of small flywheel axle (56) is connected with the input shaft end motor (58) being arranged on input shaft end electric machine support (57), and small flywheel shaft coupling for left end (61) is connected with the right-hand member that is arranged on the torque sensor (51) in torque sensor support (62); It is upper that transition axis (50) is assemblied in bearing support block (65) after angular contact ball bearing for installation shaft (64), with the 3rd bolt (48) solid bearing sealing right end cap (49) and bearing seal left end cap (66); The right-hand member of transition axis (50) is connected with the left end of torque sensor (51) with torque sensor shaft coupling (63), left end is connected with female splined shaft (46) by input shaft end flange (47), with the 4th bolt (68), manual gear-box bracket (45) is fixed on the large support of input shaft end (67), then manual transmission (1) is installed in hand gear box bracket (45), the male splines of input shaft (19) inserts in female splined shaft (46);
Described lubricating oil temperature is controlled (6) and is comprised tensimeter (70), T-valve (71), spherical valve (72), high temperature resistant oil pipe (73), heating cabinet (74), temperature sensor (75), heating rod (76), high temperature resistant oil pump (77), frequency-variable controller (78), temperature control instrument (79), sebific duct (80), variable-frequency motor (81), variable-frequency motor shaft coupling (82), O-ring seal (83), flange (84), three-way pipe (85), reducer pipe (86), the manual transmission two refractory metal pipes in bottom (73) are connected with reducer pipe (86) with three-way pipe (85), other two refractory metal pipes (73) are connected with spherical valve (72) with the T-valve (71) in heating cabinet (74) left side, the oil-in of high temperature resistant oil pump (77) is connected with the bottom of manual transmission (1), oil-out is connected with heating cabinet (74), heating rod (76) and temperature sensor (75) are installed in heating cabinet, utilize temperature sensor (75) to the signal of temperature control instrument (79), temperature control instrument (79) is realized the control system of switching on or off electricity to heating rod (76), adjust in real time the temperature of lubricating oil,
Described gear shifting actuating mechanism (7) comprises hydraulic jack (97), piston rod (98), high temperature resistant oil pump (77), variable-frequency motor (81), retaining valve (89), pressure transducer (93), lock valve (95), throttling valve (96), solenoid directional control valve (94), proportional pressure valve (91), current amplifier (92), safety overflow valve (90); Variable-frequency motor (81) drives oil pump (88) to rotate, to system, provide stable pressure, safety overflow valve (90) is set the top pressure of hydraulic system, gear shifting force when current amplifier (92) and proportional pressure valve (91) are adjusted gearshift, lock valve (95) is in the position of hydraulic system lock piston bar (98) during without working pressure, to avoid manual transmission (1) off-gear, throttling valve (96) is controlled the flow velocity of hydraulic oil, shift speed while adjusting gearshift, solenoid directional control valve (94) changes the oil circuit of hydraulic oil by commutation, realize the circulation gearshift to manual transmission (1);
Described data acquisition subsystem (8) comprises displacement transducer (35), torque sensor (51), pressure transducer (93), A/D analog input card, frequency collection board, computer; Described motion control subsystem (9) comprises motion control card, servomechanism, relay, travel switch; Test figure during manual transmission operation utilizes capture card to gather the signal of displacement transducer (35), torque sensor (51), pressure transducer (93), the data that sensor gathers, after adopting RC filtering technique to filter its undesired signal, enter in capture card, capture card is programmed with Visual Studio language, and the data that obtain show in real time and are saved in computer.
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| CN105928870A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-07 | 山东理工大学 | Real-time friction coefficient reverse acquisition method and system taking temperature increasing influences into account |
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