CN103510034B - The method of polynary electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites and device - Google Patents
The method of polynary electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103510034B CN103510034B CN201310398427.7A CN201310398427A CN103510034B CN 103510034 B CN103510034 B CN 103510034B CN 201310398427 A CN201310398427 A CN 201310398427A CN 103510034 B CN103510034 B CN 103510034B
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Abstract
The method of a kind of polynary electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites and device, its method is mainly: in the process that annular matrix rotates, control each spray process unit by the order set alternately to the surface spraying metal or alloy of annular matrix, at least form the sprayed coating that two layer components are identical or different on annular matrix surface, form the multiple layer metal based composites of the required number of plies；Its device is mainly: setting multiple spray process unit around annular matrix, each spray process unit is connected with electrical arc spraying power source, air accumulator, air compressor and metal wire material transmission mechanism respectively.The present invention can prepare two or more sublayer multiple layer metal based composites alternately easily, the sublayer of these multiple layer metal based composites can be simple metal, alloy etc., crystal structure can also be varied, has the advantages such as equipment is simple, save cost, efficient quick, be easily controlled, the course of processing is sufficiently stable.
Description
The field of inventionthe invention relate to a kind of EDM Technology, the method for especially a kind of electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites and device.
Background technology multiple layer metal based composites refers to the artificial micro-structure material of component or the structure alternate formed by one or more material alternating deposits, and each layer metal or alloy thickness can reach nanoscale or grade.Multiple layer metal based composites material has integral material and the unapproachable various properties of any one-component material, various special applications demand can be met, in recent years the research of this material is aroused great concern, become the focus of research and development both at home and abroad.At present, prepare multiple layer metal based composites and mainly have combined techniques between solid liquid phase combined techniques, solid phase, lamination Hot rolling, diffusion pressure connection, welding method, built-up welding Hot rolling etc..But these method complex technical process, preparation time is long, relatively costly.
Summary of the invention it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of the component of multiple layer metal based composites and structure can be carried out accurate control, can reduce cost, simple and quick, effectively prepare method and the device of the polynary electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites of high-quality multiple layer metal based composites.
One, the processing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1, making to be sprayed-on annular matrix to rotate with the speed set, the velocity of rotation of this setting and the diameter of annular matrix, the material of metal coating and thickness and spray process cell parameters are relevant；
2, the multiple spray process unit around annular matrix, each respective independence it are located at；
3, in the process that annular matrix rotates, control each spray process unit by the order set alternately to the surface spraying metal or alloy of annular matrix, annular matrix is with a machining cell for terminal, in the process rotated a circle, layer of metal or alloy sublayer are just adhered in its surface, multiple machining cell is had around annular base, then just with the same composition corresponding with multiple machining cells and the sublayer differing component on annular matrix, these sublayers are superimposed and constitute multiple layer metal based composites.The thickness of sublayer is not less than the order alternating spray by setting described in 0.2mm, it may is that the multiple spray process unit of control are in the process that annular matrix rotates a circle, continuously perform alternating spray one by one, form the multiple layer metal based composites of different component corresponding with machining cell number and organizational structure；Can also be: by a spray process unit, after forming the molecular layers thick that a certain component is given, then be carried out the spraying of next component by another spray process units alternately, thus can realize the permutation and combination of any component, molecular layers thick.Above-mentioned by the order alternating spray set, it can be through controlling on and off switch or annular matrix rotating speed Artificial Control, it is preferred that by computer control.
4, when being provided with friction member in working chamber, friction member is located in a certain diametric(al) of matrix, and friction member is symmetrically existing about matrix centrage, and apart from controlled.Control friction member to contact with annular matrix surface, with in real time, effectively remove the defects such as the buildup of annular matrix sprayed surface, burr, improve sprayed coating quality, it is thus achieved that the multiple layer metal based composites of sublayer uniformly continuous.
Two, the structure of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
The invention mainly comprises annular matrix, matrix is an annular solid (i.e. workpiece to be processed) being made up of carbon steel, rustless steel or aluminium alloy etc., it is connected with one end of connector, and the other end of this connector is connected with drive mechanism, and this annular solid constitutes annular matrix with connector.Above-mentioned annular solid outer ring surface is placed in the middle part of process chamber, it is desirable to annular matrix and process chamber coaxial line.This process chamber has a cylinder fixed by connector, and the cylinder two ends that this axis is level are provided with perpendicular two connected annular end plates, and this two end plates center-hole diameter is corresponding with annular matrix external diameter and can overlap thereon.Can being provided with several radially dividing plates in the cylinder of process chamber as required, these dividing plate one end are fixed on process chamber cylinder, and dual-side is separately fixed in two end plates, and the other end is adjacent with annular matrix, it is desirable to be provided with sealing member between dividing plate and annular matrix.Process chamber is divided into each independent multiple working chambers by aforementioned barriers.Process chamber cylindrical wall is provided with through hole, it is vertically and fixedly provided with arc spraying rifle, the outlet that this arc spraying rifle is positioned at working chamber is surfaces to be coated with annular matrix relative, the part that this arc spraying rifle is positioned at outside working chamber forms spray process unit with anode and negative electrode, each spray process unit is all individually connected with an arc pistol power supply, each machining cell is individually connected with air accumulator and with its supporting air compressor each through airway again, each machining cell is also connected with tinsel transmission mechanism respectively, it is transported to spray gun by spiral filament forming machine and wire feeder, different metal or alloy are separately stored in different Metal wire material transmission mechanisms.
Separately in the above-mentioned working chamber not installing arc pistol, it is provided with hard particles or friction member, the hard particles being wherein deposited in working chamber is filled and is adjacent to annular matrix surface, preferably it is additionally arranged at the bottom of, at above-mentioned working chamber, the electromagnetic driver promoting particle generation dither, in order to more effectively grind sprayed coating surface；Friction member is adjacent to annular matrix surface, friction member adopts motor to add spring assembly, step motor control friction member is to the distance of central axis, spring ensures that friction member contacts with identical tension with revolution matrix, setting up at above-mentioned working chamber makes friction member and sprayed surface keep identical tension the electromagnetic driver can shaken up and down along revolution matrix axis direction, friction member is made to keep identical tension with sprayed surface, sprayed coating surface to be ground in real time when annular matrix rotates, remove the defects such as the buildup of annular matrix sprayed surface, burr.
Described driving device is for promoting particle generation dither electromagnetic type device；Or make friction member and sprayed surface keep identical tension the electromagnetic type device can shaken up and down along revolution matrix axis direction.
The operation principle of the present invention is summarized as follows: is controlled annular matrix by computer and rotates, continuously across machining cell, annular matrix surface can be carried out alternating spray by the impact jet flow of each spray process unit, electrical arc spraying power source switching electricity can also be passed through, after forming a kind of given thickness of component spraying, then carry out the spraying of next component；Can adopt hard particles or friction member that sprayed coating surface is ground in real time, effectively remove the defects such as the buildup of sprayed coating surface, burr, improve multilayer materials quality.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the present invention adopts arc spraying technology, and with high-speed jet form, metal or alloy molten drop is sprayed to annular matrix, it is thus achieved that dense structure, grain refinement multilayer materials.
2, by the present invention in that use annular matrix, in rotation process, the impact jet flow of each machining cell goes Uniform Scanning to cross matrix surface, it is thus achieved that the multiple layer metal based composites that sublayer is uniform and smooth.Meanwhile, without interfering between each spray process unit.
3, by changing machining cell number, the component of spraying wire and parameter etc., two or more sublayer multiple layer metal based composites alternately can be prepared, its component and structure can also be ever-changing, and control machining cell alternating spray by computer, can realizing the permutation and combination of anyon layer component, molecular layers thick, spraying process is easily achieved computer monitoring simultaneously.
4, friction member can be utilized to grind sprayed coating surface in real time, sprayed coating quality can not only be improved, and be obtained in that the multiple layer metal based composites of good modulated structure.When using solid particles to be ground, it is also possible to extraneous vibration source, promote solid particles dither, make abrasive action more uniformly, effectively.
5, processing method and the device of the present invention are adopted, can realize the component of multiple layer metal based composites, modulation wavelength, the isoparametric accurate control of microstructure easily, artificially design and prepare the multiple layer metal based composites of desirable characteristics, prepare two or more sublayer multiple layer metal based composites alternately, the sublayer of these multilayer materials can be simple metal, alloy etc., crystal structure can also be varied, has the advantages such as equipment is simple, save cost, efficient quick, be easily controlled, the course of processing is sufficiently stable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The master that Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention looks simplified schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the section simplified schematic diagram of process chamber in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is provided with the process chamber of hard particles and removes the master of end cap and look simplified schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is provided with the process chamber of friction member and removes the master of end cap and look simplified schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the present invention is that the working chamber of 3 spray process unit removes the master of end cap and looks simplified schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the present invention is that the working chamber of 4 spray process unit removes the master of end cap and looks simplified schematic diagram.
In figure: 1, air compressor；2, air accumulator；3, airway；4, electrical arc spraying power source；5, first metal wire material transmission mechanism (spray process unit)；6, first arc pistol；7, revolution matrix；8, second arc pistol；9, second metal wire material transmission mechanism (spray process unit)；10, electrical arc spraying power source；11, airway；12, air accumulator；13, air compressor；14, dividing plate；15, hard particles；16, friction member；17, constant tension device；18, motor；19, the third arc pistol；20, fourth arc pistol.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Process in the process chamber section simplified schematic diagram of multiple layer metal based composites device in the polynary electric arc spraying shown in Fig. 2, the annular solid being made up of carbon steel is connected with one end of connector, the other end of this connector is connected with drive mechanism, and this annular solid constitutes annular matrix with connector.Above-mentioned annular solid outer ring surface is placed in the middle part of process chamber and both coaxial lines.This process chamber has a cylinder fixed by connector, and the cylinder two ends that this axis is level are provided with perpendicular two connected annular end plates, and this two end plates center-hole diameter is corresponding with annular matrix external diameter and can overlap thereon.Being provided with 4 radially dividing plates in the cylinder of process chamber, these dividing plate one end are fixed on process chamber cylinder, and dual-side is separately fixed in two end plates, and the other end is adjacent with annular matrix, are provided with sealing member between dividing plate and annular matrix.Process chamber is divided into each independent multiple working chambers by aforementioned barriers.Process chamber cylindrical wall is provided with through hole, it is vertically and fixedly provided with arc spraying rifle, the outlet that this arc spraying rifle is positioned at working chamber is surfaces to be coated with annular matrix relative, and the part that this arc spraying rifle is positioned at outside working chamber forms spray process unit with anode and negative electrode.Master in the apparatus of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 looks in simplified schematic diagram, each spray process unit is all individually connected with an arc pistol power supply, each machining cell is individually connected with air accumulator and with its supporting air compressor each through airway again, each machining cell is also connected with tinsel transmission mechanism respectively, and different metal or alloy are separately stored in different Metal wire material transmission mechanisms.It is provided with the working chamber of hard particles in the present invention shown in Fig. 3 to remove the master of end cap and look in simplified schematic diagram, being provided with hard particles (such as corundum, carborundum, diamond etc.) in the above-mentioned working chamber not installing arc pistol, the hard particles being wherein deposited in working chamber is filled and is adjacent to annular matrix surface.It is provided with the working chamber of friction member in the present invention shown in Fig. 4 to remove the master of end cap and look in simplified schematic diagram, the above-mentioned working chamber not installing arc pistol is provided with friction member (such as garnet, flint, oilstone etc.).
The master removing end cap at the process chamber that the present invention shown in Fig. 5 is 3 spray process unit looks in simplified schematic diagram, 3 radially dividing plates it are provided with in the cylinder of process chamber, process chamber is divided into 3 each independent working chambers by aforementioned barriers, the cylindrical wall of each working chamber is equipped with through hole, each through hole is all vertically and fixedly provided with arc spraying rifle.The master removing end cap at the process chamber that the present invention shown in Fig. 6 is 4 spray process unit looks in simplified schematic diagram, 4 radially dividing plates it are provided with in the cylinder of process chamber, process chamber is divided into 4 each independent working chambers by aforementioned barriers, the cylindrical wall of each working chamber is equipped with through hole, each through hole is all vertically and fixedly provided with arc spraying rifle.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, be located at around annular matrix 2 spray process unit, each respective independence, first spray process unit is connected with A tinsel and B tinsel transmission mechanism respectively, and second spray process unit is connected with C tinsel and D tinsel transmission mechanism respectively.First turn on and turn round, with annular, the motor that matrix is connected, adjust drive mechanism, make to be sprayed-on annular matrix and rotate with the speed of 0.1m/s.It is then turned on the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with first spray process unit, in the process that annular matrix rotates, control each spray process unit by the order set alternately to the surface spraying metal or alloy of annular matrix, namely annular matrix is with first machining cell for terminal, in the process rotated a circle, it is 0.5mm metal A sublayer that a layer thickness is just adhered on its surface, closes the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with first spray process unit.Open the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with second spray process unit.Annular matrix is again with second machining cell for terminal, and in the process rotated a circle, just adhering to a layer thickness in metal A sub-layer surface is 0.5mm metal C sublayer；Close the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with second spray process unit.Open the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with first spray process unit, annular matrix is again with first machining cell for terminal, in the process rotated a circle, just adhering to a layer thickness in metal C sub-layer surface is 0.5mm metal B sublayer, closes the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with first spray process unit.Open the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with second spray process unit.Annular matrix is again with second machining cell for terminal, and in the process rotated a circle, just adhering to a layer thickness in metal B sub-layer surface is 0.5mm metal D sublayer.These sublayers are superimposed and constitute 4 layers of metal-base composites.
Embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 1, be located at around annular matrix 2 spray process unit, each respective independence, first spray process unit is connected with alloy A silk transmission mechanism respectively, and second spray process unit is connected with metal C silk transmission mechanism respectively.First turn on and turn round, with annular, the motor that matrix is connected, adjust drive mechanism, make to be sprayed-on annular matrix and rotate with the speed of 0.2m/s.The first and second spray process unit are controlled by computer, continuously perform alternating spray one by one, namely the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with first spray process unit is opened, just on annular matrix, adhere to a lamination gold A sublayer, when annular matrix rotates 1/2 week, open the electrical arc spraying power source being connected with second spray process unit, just at annular matrix with attachment layer of metal C sublayer in alloy A sublayer, annular matrix is respectively with the first and second machining cells for terminal, in the process rotated a circle, just the multiple layer metal based composites of different component corresponding with machining cell number and organizational structure is formed.
Claims (1)
1. a method for polynary electric arc spraying processing multiple layer metal based composites, comprises the following steps:
1) make to be sprayed-on annular matrix to rotate with the speed set；
2) the multiple spray process unit around annular matrix, each respective independence it are located at；
3) in the process that annular matrix rotates, control each spray process unit by the order set alternately to the surface spraying metal or alloy of annular matrix, at least form the sprayed coating that two layer components are identical or different on annular matrix surface, form the multiple layer metal based composites of the required number of plies；
It is characterized in that: between described spray process unit, be provided with the working chamber placing friction member, control friction member and joint, annular matrix surface in working chamber；
Friction member is located in a certain diametric(al) of matrix, and friction member is symmetrically existing about matrix centrage, and apart from controlled.
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| CN105970143B (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2019-02-15 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Thermal spraying apparatus, thermal spray system and its hot-spraying technique |
| CN108149243B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-01-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Method and device for repairing and remanufacturing cluster electrode through electric spark deposition |
| CN108441861B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2021-01-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Method and device for processing multilayer film by cluster electrode electric spark deposition |
| CN112170037A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏大学 | Double-spray-gun alternate spraying preparation device and method for laminated composite material |
| CN114134448B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江康盛热交换器有限公司 | Rotary zinc spraying device for refrigeration aluminum pipe |
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