CN103509477A - 边缘保护胶带 - Google Patents
边缘保护胶带 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103509477A CN103509477A CN201310245730.3A CN201310245730A CN103509477A CN 103509477 A CN103509477 A CN 103509477A CN 201310245730 A CN201310245730 A CN 201310245730A CN 103509477 A CN103509477 A CN 103509477A
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- Prior art keywords
- ester
- sealing tape
- polymkeric substance
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Abstract
自粘边缘保护胶带用于改善玻璃边缘的保护效果。这通过提供胶粘带实现，所述胶粘带按照朝向待包覆基底的顺序包含衬层(硬相)和软相，所述软相包含聚合物泡沫体、粘弹性组合物和/或弹性体组合物，其中硬相厚度为≤150μm，软相厚度为≥200μm并且软相厚度与硬相厚度的比率为≥4。本发明还涉及太阳能电池组件和本发明要求保护的胶粘带用于保护太阳能电池组件边缘的用途，所述太阳能电池组件包含围绕其至少一部分边缘胶粘粘合的本发明胶粘带。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及胶粘带技术领域。具体地，本发明提供自粘边缘保护胶带，其呈现出对于玻璃边缘，具体地对于太阳能电池组件的玻璃边缘改善的保护效果。
背景技术
使用光伏发电系统从日光发电正在变得越来越广泛。常规光伏发电系统通常包含多个相互连接的太阳能电池组件。这些电池组件(其也被称为光伏组件，或者缩写为PV组件)本身包含相互连接的太阳能电池，在太阳能电池中将日光的能量转化成电能。太阳能电池基于硅，因此经常也被称为硅片。厚层硅电池是最广泛的，采取单晶(c-Si)或者多晶(mc-Si)电池的形式。
替代技术正在变得日益重要。例如，用光敏层直接覆盖基底。所得的薄层太阳能电池组件不仅具有相对低的制造成本，而且具有相对低的重量。然而，这些组件的效力目前仍低于晶片技术。在另一种新的开发中，也将柔性薄片(foil)设有光敏层，并因此产生柔性太阳能电池组件。然而，常规设计仍然最重要。
对于太阳能电池组件的重要要求是，它们具有足够的机械影响保护能力。这不容易实现，因为太阳能电池组件包含玻璃基底，其天然仅具有有限的振动耐受性并易碎。太阳能电池组件的运输和在太阳能电池组件上实施的操作(包括安装)将它们暴露于多种机械应力。使它们免于机械应力的常用方法是用铝框完全包围它们。
然而，铝框用于太阳能电池组件的边缘保护具有许多伴随的缺点。其中不仅框的成本占太阳能电池组件总成本的相对高的比例，而且，框引入重量，铝装框方法涉及许多步骤，并且在施用框期间存在玻璃破碎的危险。因此希望提供用于太阳能电池组件的铝装框方法的替代方法。
这些替代方法的实例可为围绕组件边缘的自粘保护胶带。实用新型说明书DE202006016394U1和DE202008006624U1描述了保护多层玻璃窗边缘的边缘保护胶带，其中保护胶带包含特定功能元件，例如摩擦减少薄片或者金属外层。
DE102009014873A1描述了压敏胶粘带，其水蒸汽气体扩散速率为每mm胶粘带厚度至多5g/(m2*d)，其可用作太阳能电池组件中的自粘密封胶带。
EP1719808A2涉及压敏胶粘剂层合体，其包含外部膜层、基于聚合物的胶粘剂基层和粘合促进层，所述粘合促进层包含至少一种聚合物和一种粘合促进剂。层合体通过以下方法制造：首先共挤出膜层和胶粘剂基层，然后将粘合促进层施用至胶粘剂基层。
在自粘边缘保护胶带中，在一方面的机械保护所需要的胶带刚度和另一方面的包覆边缘所需要的柔性之间经常存在冲突。因此仍需要对于机械影响具有充分改良的保护效果的太阳能电池组件的边缘保护胶带，其中可将胶带容易地和持久地施用至需要保护的边缘。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于保护玻璃边缘的自粘胶带，其持久地和有效地保护玻璃边缘免受机械损害，例如由暴露于冲击或者磨损导致的那些。特别的目的是，胶带的保护效果不受“翘起(lift)”和与翘起相关的从基底分离限制。
目的的实现基于作为本发明基础的构思：使至少一个硬相和至少一个软相彼此组合，已经将这些相各自专门设计。因此，本发明首先提供用于保护玻璃边缘的胶粘带，其按照朝向包覆基底的顺序包含衬层(硬相)和软相，所述软相包含聚合物泡沫体、粘弹性组合物和/或弹性体组合物，其中硬相厚度为≤150μm，软相厚度为≥200μm并且软相厚度与硬相厚度的比率为≥4。这种类型胶粘带提供对于机械影响(例如对于撞击、冲击和/或磨损)的优异的边缘保护，并因此降低玻璃破碎的频率，特别是在相对大的太阳能电池组件中玻璃破碎的频率。实现的边缘保护是持久的，因为可避免将胶带暴露于与粘附力相比过大的弯曲力矩所导致的从胶粘基底分离。
本发明包括：
实施方式1.用于保护玻璃边缘的胶粘带，其按照朝向待包覆基底的顺序包含衬层(硬相)和软相，所述软相包含聚合物泡沫体、粘弹性组合物和/或弹性体组合物，其中所述硬相厚度为≤150μm，所述软相厚度为≥200μm并且所述软相厚度与硬相厚度的比率为≥4。
实施方式2.实施方式1的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、离聚物和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
实施方式3.前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的聚合物基础为聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
实施方式4.前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
实施方式5.前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
实施方式6.前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的厚度为至多1800μm。
实施方式7.前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的弯曲刚度为至多10mN/mm。
实施方式8.太阳能电池组件，其包含围绕太阳能电池组件边缘的至少一部分胶粘粘合的前述实施方式中至少一项的胶粘带。
实施方式9.实施方式1–7中至少一项的胶粘带用于保护太阳能电池组件边缘的用途。
具体实施方式
本发明的胶粘带包含衬层，其根据本发明也称为硬相。根据本发明，硬相的聚合物基础优选为选自以下的聚合物：聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚氨酯、聚烯烃、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、离聚物和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。特别优选地，硬相的聚合物基础是选自以下的聚合物：聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。硬相实质上是聚合物薄片，其聚合物基础是选自上面的物质的聚合物。表达“聚合物薄片”表示可卷起来的薄的片状柔性平幅，其物质基础实质上由一种或者多种聚合物形成。
表达“聚氨酯”表示其中具有通过氨基甲酸酯基团-NH-CO-O-彼此连接的重复单元的广泛的聚合物物质。
表达“聚烯烃”表示这样的聚合物，其基于摩尔量包含至少50%的具有通式结构-[-CH2-CR1R2-]n-的重复单元，其中R1为氢原子以及R2为氢原子或者直链的或者支链的，饱和的脂族或者脂环族基团。就硬相的聚合物基础包含聚烯烃而言，特别优选的是这些聚烯烃包括聚乙烯，具体为具有超高分子量的聚乙烯(UHMWPE)。
根据本发明，表达“聚合物基础”表示以包含在所讨论的层或者相应的相中的所有聚合物的重量计，构成最大比例的一种或多种聚合物。
根据本发明，硬相厚度为≤150μm。优选地，硬相厚度为10-150μm，具体为30-120μm并且特别为50-100μm，例如为70-85μm。根据本发明，表达“厚度”表示所讨论的层或者相应的相沿着假想坐标系的z-纵坐标的尺寸，其中穿过加工方向和垂直加工方向的方向延伸的平面形成x-y平面。根据本发明，厚度通过以下方法测定：在所讨论的层或者相应的相的至少五个不同的位置测量，然后从所得的测量结果计算算术平均值。硬相的厚度测量在这里根据DIN EN ISO4593进行。
优选地，要求保护的胶粘带的硬相的弯曲刚度为至多10mN/mm。根据本发明，弯曲刚度通过以下方法测定：在试样台上固定需要测试的材料的15mm x75mm的试条。可使试样台倾斜至30°，以此方式，使得在倾斜期间需要测试的介质与力传感器接触。通过传感器测定的力表示可与弯曲刚度比较的值。根据本发明适于测定弯曲刚度的设备的实例是Wolf的SoftometerKWS。
此外，本发明胶粘带包含软相，其包含聚合物泡沫体、粘弹性组合物和/或弹性体组合物。软相的聚合物基础优选为选自以下的聚合物：聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
根据本发明，表达“聚合物泡沫体”表示由气体填充的球形或者多面体泡孔构成的结构，所述泡孔由液体、半液体、高度粘性的或者固体泡孔壁划界；而且，泡孔壁的主要成分是聚合物或者多种聚合物的混合物。
表达“粘弹性组合物”表示这样的物质，其不仅具有纯弹性的特征(在暴露于外部机械作用后恢复至最初状态)，而且具有粘性液体的特征，一个实例为在变形期间的粘性效果。具体地，将基于聚合物的压敏胶粘剂组合物视为粘弹性组合物。
表达“弹性体组合物”表示这样的物质，其具有弹性体行为并且可在20°C重复伸展至它的长度的至少两倍，并且一旦伸展所需要的力除去，则立刻再次近似采取它的原始尺寸。
上面的陈述适用于根据本发明使用的表达“聚合物基础”、“聚氨酯”和“聚烯烃”的含义。表达“聚丙烯酸酯”表示基于摩尔量，其单体基础包含至少50%丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯的聚合物，其中通常存在至少一些比例的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯，并且这优选为至少50%。具体地，表达“聚丙烯酸酯”表示可通过丙烯酸类和/或甲基丙烯酸类单体以及任选的其它可共聚单体的自由基聚合得到的聚合物。
特别优选地，软相的聚合物基础是选自聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物的聚合物。就聚烯烃在软相的聚合物基础中而言，这些聚烯烃优选为选自聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)以及聚乙烯和乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的混合物(PE/EVA共混物)的聚烯烃。聚乙烯在这里可为各种类型的聚乙烯，例如HDPE、LDPE、LLDPE、所述类型的聚乙烯的共混物和/或其混合物。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，软相包含泡沫体和分别设在发泡层上面和下面的压敏胶粘剂层，其中所述泡沫体的聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚烯烃，以及所述压敏胶粘剂层的聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚丙烯酸酯。特别优选的是，泡沫体的聚合物基础在这里包含一种或者多种聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物和一种或者多种聚乙烯和/或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的混合物。特别优选的是，泡沫体的聚合物基础在这里包含一种或者多种聚乙烯。
基于聚烯烃的泡沫体本身不呈现压敏粘合性质，或者仅呈现非常少的压敏粘合性质。因此，与硬相或者与基底的粘合有利的是通过压敏胶粘剂层引起。优选地，用于泡沫体的基于聚烯烃的起始物质的发泡通过为实施物理发泡方法而添加的发泡气体和/或通过化学发泡剂如偶氮二甲酰胺引起。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，软相是具有压敏粘合性质的聚合物泡沫体，其聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚丙烯酸酯。表达“具有压敏粘合性质的泡沫体”表示泡沫体本身为压敏胶粘剂组合物，并因此不需要施用任何另外的压敏胶粘剂层。这是有利的，因为在制造过程中组合较少的层，并减少在层边界处分离现象和其它不希望的现象的危险。
根据本发明，表达“压敏胶粘剂组合物”表示这样的物质，其固化得到膜，所述膜在干燥状态在室温保持永久粘性并能够粘合，其中低压的施加立刻导致胶粘粘合在很多种基底上。
优选地，聚丙烯酸酯可通过聚合至少一些比例的能够与环氧基团交联的官能单体得到。特别优选地，这些包括具有酸基团(具体地，羧酸基团、磺酸基团或者膦酸基团)和/或羟基基团和/或酸酐基团和/或环氧基团和/或氨基团的单体；特别优选的是含有羧酸基团的单体。特别有利地，聚丙烯酸酯包含聚合的丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸。所有这些基团具有与环氧基团交联的能力，从而使得聚丙烯酸酯有利地能够与引入的环氧化物热交联。
可作为聚丙烯酸酯的共聚单体使用的其它单体不仅为分别具有至多30个碳原子的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯，而且还有例如其中羧酸酯部分包含至多20个碳原子的羧酸乙烯基酯(vinyl carboxylates)、具有至多20个碳原子的乙烯基芳族化合物、烯键式不饱和腈(ethylenically unsaturated nitriles)、乙烯基卤化物、包含1-10个碳原子的醇的乙烯基醚、具有2-8个碳原子和1或2个双键的脂族烃和所述单体的混合物。
具体地，所讨论的聚丙烯酸酯的性质可通过以下方法影响：使用不同重量比例的各种单体以改变聚合物的玻璃化转变温度。优选地，聚丙烯酸酯可得自以下单体组合物：
a)下式的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯
CH2=C(RI)(COORII)
其中RI=H或者CH3和RII为具有4-14个碳原子的烷基部分，
b)具有官能团的烯属不饱和单体(olefinically unsaturated monomers)，所述官能团的类型在前面关于与环氧化物基团的反应性定义，
c)可与组分(a)共聚的任选的其它丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯和/或烯属不饱和单体。
优选的是，所述聚丙烯酸酯衍生自单体组合物，其中组分(a)单体的存在比例为45-99重量%，组分(b)单体的存在比例为1-15重量%，以及组分(c)单体的存在比例为0-40重量%(其中所述数据基于“基础聚合物”的单体混合物，即，未向最终聚合物添加任何可能的添加剂，例如树脂等)。在这种情况中聚合产物的玻璃化转变温度为≤15°C(低频的DMA)，并且它具有压敏胶粘剂性质。
具体地，组分(a)的单体为增塑和/或非极性单体。作为单体(a)，优选使用具有烷基的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯，所述烷基包含4-14个碳原子，特别优选包含4-9个碳原子。这种类型的单体的实例为丙烯酸正丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁基酯、丙烯酸正戊基酯(n-pentyl acrylate)、甲基丙烯酸正戊基酯(n-pentyl methacrylate)、丙烯酸正戊基酯(n-amyl acrylate)、丙烯酸正己基酯、甲基丙烯酸正己基酯、丙烯酸正庚基酯、丙烯酸正辛基酯、甲基丙烯酸正辛基酯、丙烯酸正壬基酯、丙烯酸异丁基酯、丙烯酸异辛基酯、甲基丙烯酸异辛基酯，和这些单体的支化异构体，例如丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯或者甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯。
具体地，组分(b)的单体为具有官能团(具体地具有可与环氧化物基团反应的官能团)的烯属不饱和单体。
对于组分(b)，优选使用具有官能团的单体，所述官能团选自：羟基、羧基、磺酸基或者膦酸基、酸酐基团、环氧化物基团、氨基。
组分(b)单体的特别优选的实例为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸、马来酸、富马酸、巴豆酸、乌头酸、二甲基丙烯酸、β-丙烯酰氧基丙酸、三氯丙烯酸、乙烯基乙酸、乙烯基膦酸、衣康酸、马来酸酐、丙烯酸羟基乙基酯、丙烯酸羟基丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸羟基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸羟基丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸6-羟基己基酯、烯丙醇、丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油基酯。
原则上，可使用可与组分(a)和/或与组分(b)共聚的任何乙烯基官能化化合物作为组分(c)。组分(c)的单体可用于调节所得压敏胶粘剂组合物的性质。
组分(c)的单体的实例为：
丙烯酸甲基酯、丙烯酸乙基酯、丙烯酸丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸甲基酯、甲基丙烯酸乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯、甲基丙烯酸苄基酯、丙烯酸仲-丁基酯、丙烯酸叔丁基酯、丙烯酸苯基酯、甲基丙烯酸苯基酯、丙烯酸异冰片基酯、甲基丙烯酸异冰片基酯、丙烯酸叔丁基苯基酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁基苯基酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯、丙烯酸异癸基酯、丙烯酸月桂基酯、丙烯酸正十一烷基酯、丙烯酸硬脂基酯、丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸山萮基酯、甲基丙烯酸环己基酯、甲基丙烯酸环戊基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基环己基酯、丙烯酸3,5-二甲基金刚烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸4-枯基苯基酯、丙烯酸氰基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸氰基乙基酯、丙烯酸4-联苯基酯、甲基丙烯酸4-联苯基酯、丙烯酸2-萘基酯、甲基丙烯酸2-萘基酯、丙烯酸四氢化糠基酯、丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙基酯、丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙基酯、丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙基酯、3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲基酯、丙烯酸3-甲氧基丁基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙基酯、丁基二甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯(butyl diglycol methacrylate)、丙烯酸乙二醇酯、单甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯350(methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate350)、甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯500(methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate500)、单甲基丙烯酸丙二醇酯、丁氧基二甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯(butoxydiethylene glycol methacrylate)、乙氧基三甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯(ethoxytriethylene glycol methacrylate)、丙烯酸八氟戊基酯、甲基丙烯酸八氟戊基酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,2-三氟乙基酯、丙烯酸1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基酯、丙烯酸2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-十五氟辛基酯、二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-(1-甲基-十一基)丙烯酰胺、N-(正丁氧基甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-(丁氧基甲基)甲基丙烯酰胺、N-(乙氧基甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-(正十八烷基)丙烯酰胺，以及N,N-二烷基-取代的酰胺，例如N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-苄基丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺、N-叔-辛基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺，丙烯腈，甲基丙烯腈，乙烯基醚，例如乙烯基甲基醚，乙基乙烯基醚，乙烯基异丁基醚，乙烯基酯，例如乙酸乙烯酯，乙烯基氯，乙烯基卤化物，偏二氯乙烯，偏二卤乙烯，乙烯基吡啶，4-乙烯基吡啶，N-乙烯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺，N-乙烯基内酰胺(N-vinyllactam)，N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮，苯乙烯，α-甲基苯乙烯和对-甲基苯乙烯，α-丁基苯乙烯，4-正丁基苯乙烯，4-正癸基苯乙烯，3,4-二甲氧基苯乙烯，大分子单体，例如甲基丙烯酸2-聚苯乙烯乙基酯(摩尔质量Mw为4000-13000g/mol)，甲基丙烯酸聚(甲基丙烯酸甲基酯)乙基酯(Mw为2000-8000g/mol)。
有利的是，也可选择组分(c)单体，使得它们包含帮助随后的辐射化学交联(例如通过电子束或者UV)的官能团。适合的可共聚光引发剂的实例为丙烯酸苯偶姻酯和丙烯酸酯官能化的二苯甲酮衍生物。帮助电子辐射交联的单体的实例为丙烯酸四氢化糠基酯、N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸烯丙基酯。
聚丙烯酸酯(其中对于本发明，表达“聚丙烯酸酯”是“聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯”的同义词)可通过本领域技术人员熟悉的方法制备，具体地，有利地通过常规自由基聚合方法或者受控的自由基聚合方法制备。聚丙烯酸酯可通过使用常用聚合引发剂和任选的调节剂使单体组分共聚来制备，其中聚合方法在通常的温度在本体(bulk)中，在乳液中，例如在水或者液体烃中，或者在溶液中进行。
优选的是，聚丙烯酸酯通过以下方法制备：在溶剂中，具体地在沸程为50-150°C，优选为60-120°C的溶剂中聚合单体，使用常用量的聚合引发剂，这些通常为0.01-5重量%，具体为0.1-2重量%(基于单体的总重量)。
原则上，本领域技术人员已知的任何常用引发剂均为适合的。自由基来源的实例为过氧化物、氢过氧化物和偶氮化合物，例如过氧化二苯甲酰、氢过氧化枯烯、过氧化环己酮、二叔丁基过氧化物、环己基磺酰基乙酰基过氧化物(cyclohexylsulphonyl acetyl peroxide)、过碳酸二异丙基酯、过辛酸叔丁基酯、苯频哪醇(benzpinacol)。一种非常优选的操作使用2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丁腈)(DuPont的67TM)或者2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丙腈)(2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈；AIBN；DuPont的
64TM)作为自由基引发剂。
可用于制备聚丙烯酸酯的溶剂为醇如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇和异丙醇，正丁醇和异丁醇，优选为异丙醇和/或异丁醇，以及烃如甲苯并且尤其是沸程为60-120°C的石油溶剂油。还可使用酮，例如优选为丙酮、甲基乙基酮，甲基异丁基酮，和酯如乙酸乙酯，以及所述溶剂类型的混合物，在这里优选包含异丙醇的混合物，具体地，异丙醇用量为2-15重量%，优选为3-10重量%，基于使用的溶剂混合物。
优选在聚丙烯酸酯的制备(聚合)后进行浓缩过程，以及聚丙烯酸酯的进一步加工基本上在不含溶剂的情况下进行。聚合物的浓缩过程可在不存在交联剂物质和促进剂物质的情况下进行。然而，也可在浓缩过程开始之前向聚合物添加这些种类的化合物，于是使得浓缩过程在一种或多种所述物质的存在下进行。
在浓缩步骤之后，可将聚合物转移至混配器。浓缩过程和混配过程也可任选在相同反应器中进行。
聚丙烯酸酯的重均摩尔质量MW优选为20000-2000000g/mol；非常优选为100000-1000000g/mol，最优选为150000-500000g/mol(其中，在本说明书中平均摩尔质量MW和多分散性PD的数据基于凝胶渗透色谱法测定)。为此目的，在适合的聚合调节剂如硫醇、卤素化合物和/或醇的存在下进行聚合可能是有利的，以确立希望的平均摩尔质量。
在甲苯中测量的聚丙烯酸酯的K值优选为30-90，特别优选为40-70(1%溶液，21°C)。Fikentscher K值是聚合物的摩尔质量和粘度的量度。
特别适合的聚丙烯酸酯是具有窄摩尔质量分布(多分散性PD<4)的聚丙烯酸酯。尽管具有相对低的摩尔质量，这些组合物在交联后具有特别良好的剪切强度。而且，相对低的多分散性允许较容易地由熔体加工，因为流动粘度低于更宽分布的聚丙烯酸酯的流动粘度，而性能特征实际上相同。窄分布聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯可有利地通过阴离子聚合或者通过受控自由基聚合方法制备，所述受控自由基聚合方法具有特别良好的适合性。通过RAFT方法制备的这种类型的聚丙烯酸酯的实例描述于US6,765,078B2和US6,720,399B2中。也可通过N-氧化化合物(N-oxyls)制备适当的聚丙烯酸酯，例如，如EP1311555B1中所述。原子转移自由基聚合(atom transfer radicalpolymerization,ATRP)也可有利地用于合成窄分布聚丙烯酸酯，并且在这里优选使用单官能或者二官能的仲卤化物或者叔卤化物作为引发剂，并使用以下中的一种的复合物提取一种或多种卤化物：Cu、Ni、Fe、Pd、Pt、Ru、Os、Rh、Co、Ir、Ag或者Au。由ATRP提供的各种可能性描述于以下说明书中：US5,945,491A、US5,854,364A和US5,789,487A。
用于制备聚丙烯酸酯的单体优选包含一些含量的适于与环氧化物基团进行连接反应的官能团。这有利地允许通过与环氧化物反应热交联聚丙烯酸酯。具体地，连接反应是指加成反应和取代反应。因此，优选的是进行携带所述官能团的单元与携带环氧基团的单元的连接，具体地，采取以下形式：携带所述官能团的聚合物单元通过作为连接桥的携带环氧基团的交联剂分子交联。含有环氧基团的物质优选包括多官能环氧化物，即，具有至少两个环氧基团的环氧化物；因此，优选地，整体效果相应地为携带所述官能团的单元的介导的连接。
优选地，所述一种或多种聚丙烯酸酯已经通过其中存在的官能团与热交联剂的连接反应(具体地，采取加成反应或者取代反应的形式)交联。可使用具有以下特征的任何热交联剂：这些热交联剂不仅可靠地提供足够长的加工时间，使得在加工期间不发生胶凝，而且导致聚合物在低于加工温度的温度，具体地在室温，快速后交联至希望的交联程度。可能的实例为包含羧基、胺基和/或羟基的聚合物和作为交联剂的异氰酸酯的组合，所述异氰酸酯具体为在EP1791922A1中描述的脂族的或者胺钝化的三聚异氰酸酯。
适合的异氰酸酯具体为MDI[4,4-亚甲基二(异氰酸苯基酯)]、HDI[二异氰酸六亚甲基酯，二异氰酸1,6-亚己基酯]和/或IPDI[二异氰酸异佛尔酮酯，5-异氰酸基-1-异氰酸基甲基-1,3,3-三甲基环己烷]的三聚衍生物，例如产品
N3600和XP2410(分别来自BAYER AG：脂族多异氰酸酯，低粘度HDI三聚化物)。同等适合的产品是微粉化三聚IPDI BUEJ
(现在为
)(BAYER AG)的表面钝化分散体。
然而，原则上，也具有适于交联方法的其它异氰酸酯，例如Desmodur VL50(基于MDI的多异氰酸酯，Bayer AG)、Basonat F200WD(脂族多异氰酸酯，BASF AG)、Basonat HW100(水可乳化的多官能的基于HDI的异氰酸酯，BASF AG)、Basonat HA300(基于异氰尿酸酯/HDI的脲基甲酸酯改性的多异氰酸酯，BASF)或者Bayhydur VPLS2150/1(亲水改性的IPDI，Bayer AG)。
热交联剂(例如，三聚异氰酸酯)的用量优选为0.1-5重量%，特别为0.2-1重量%，基于待交联的聚合物的总量。
热交联剂优选包含至少一种含有环氧基团的物质。具体地，含有环氧基团的物质包括多官能环氧化物，即，具有至少两个环氧基团的环氧化物；相应地，整体效果是携带所述官能基团的单元的介导的连接。含有环氧基团的物质可为芳族或者脂族化合物。
具有优异适合性的多官能环氧化物为表氯醇低聚物、多元醇(特别是乙二醇、丙二醇和丁二醇、聚二醇(polyglycols)、硫二甘醇、丙三醇、季戊四醇、山梨糖醇、聚乙烯醇和聚烯丙醇等)的环氧醚、多元酚[特别是间苯二酚、对苯二酚、双(4-羟基苯基)甲烷、双(4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)甲烷、双(4-羟基-3,5-二溴苯基)甲烷、双(4-羟基-3,5-二氟苯基)甲烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)乙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基-3-氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基-3,5-二氯苯基)丙烷、双(4-羟基苯基)苯基甲烷、双(4-羟基苯基)苯基甲烷、双(4-羟基苯基)二苯基甲烷、双(4-羟基苯基)-4'-甲基苯基甲烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)-2,2,2-三氯乙烷、双(4-羟基苯基)-(4-氯苯基)甲烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)环己烷、双(4-羟基苯基)环己基甲烷、4,4'-二羟基联苯、2,2'-二羟基联苯、4,4'-二羟基二苯砜]的环氧醚以及它们的羟乙基醚、酚-醛缩合产物(例如，酚醇(phenol alcohols)和酚醛树脂等)、含S和N的环氧化物(例如，N,N-二缩水甘油基苯胺、N,N'-二甲基二缩水甘油基-4,4-二氨基二苯基甲烷(N,N'-dimethyldiglycidyl-4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane))以及使用常规方法从不饱和醇的多不饱和羧酸或单不饱和羧酸残基制备的环氧化物、缩水甘油基酯、多缩水甘油基酯，所述多缩水甘油基酯可以通过对不饱和酸的缩水甘油基酯进行聚合或共聚而获得，或者可以得自其它酸性化合物(三聚氰酸、二缩水甘油基硫化物、环状三亚甲基三砜(cyclic trimethylene trisulphone)或这些化合物和其它化合物的衍生物)。
非常适合的醚的实例是1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚甘油3-缩水甘油醚、二羟甲基环己烷二缩水甘油醚、甘油三缩水甘油醚、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚、季戊四醇四缩水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、季戊四醇四缩水甘油醚、双酚A二缩水甘油醚和双酚F二缩水甘油醚。
特别优选的是，使用例如在EP1978069A1中描述的交联剂-促进剂系统(“交联系统”)，以不仅较好地控制加工时间和交联动力学，而且较好地控制交联度。交联剂-促进剂系统包含至少一种含有环氧基团的物质作为交联剂和至少一种物质作为促进剂，所述作为促进剂的物质在低于待交联的聚合物的熔点的温度对于含有环氧基团的化合物的交联反应具有促进效果。
使用的促进剂特别优选为胺(形式上视为氨的取代产物；在下式中，所述取代基用“R”表示并具体包括烷基和/或芳基部分和/或其它有机部分)，并且特别优选为与待交联聚合物单元不发生反应，或者仅发生微小程度的反应的那些胺。
原则上，可选择的促进剂为伯胺(NRH2)、仲胺(NR2H)或者叔胺(NR3)，当然，也可为具有多个伯胺和/或仲胺和/或叔胺基团的那些促进剂。然而，特别优选的促进剂为叔胺，例如三乙胺、三亚乙基二胺、苄基二甲基胺、二甲基氨基甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三(N,N-二甲基氨基甲基)苯酚、N,N'-二(3-(二甲基氨基)丙基)脲。多官能胺如二胺、三胺和/或四胺也可有利地用作促进剂。例如，二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺和三甲基六亚甲基二胺具有优异的适合性。
其它优选使用的促进剂为氨基醇。特别优选的是使用仲和/或叔氨基醇，以及在每个分子具有多个胺官能团的情况中，在这里优选的是，至少一个胺官能团(优选所有胺官能团)为仲胺官能团和/或叔胺官能团。可以使用的优选的氨基醇促进剂为三乙醇胺、N,N-二(2-羟基丙基)乙醇胺、N-甲基二乙醇胺、N-乙基二乙醇胺、2-氨基环己醇、二(2-羟基环己基)甲基胺、2-(二异丙基氨基)乙醇、2-(二丁基氨基)乙醇、正丁基二乙醇胺、正丁基乙醇胺、2-[二(2-羟基乙基)氨基]-2-(羟基甲基)-1,3-丙二醇、1-[二(2-羟基乙基)氨基]-2-丙醇、三异丙醇胺、2-(二甲基氨基)乙醇、2-(二乙基氨基)乙醇、2-(2-二甲基氨基乙氧基)乙醇、N,N,N'-三甲基-N'-羟基乙基二氨基乙基醚、N,N,N'-三甲基氨基乙基乙醇胺和/或N,N,N'-三甲基氨基丙基乙醇胺。
其它适合的促进剂为吡啶、咪唑(例如2-甲基咪唑)和1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯。脂环族多元胺也可用作促进剂。其它适合的促进剂为基于磷酸酯的化合物(phosphate-based)，以及膦和/或鏻(phosphonium)化合物，例如三苯基膦或者四苯基鏻四苯基硼酸盐(tetraphenylphosphoniumtetraphenylborate)。
根据本发明，也可将本身具有压敏粘合性质的聚合物泡沫体(其聚合物基础包含一种或多种聚丙烯酸酯)在它的上部和/或下部侧面上涂有压敏胶粘剂组合物，其中所述压敏胶粘剂组合物的聚合物基础优选同样包含聚丙烯酸酯。可选择地，可向发泡层层合其它胶粘剂层和/或不同预处理的胶粘剂层，即，例如，基于不同于聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯的聚合物的压敏胶粘剂层和/或热可活化层。适合的基础聚合物为天然橡胶、合成橡胶、丙烯酸酯嵌段共聚物、乙烯基芳族化合物嵌段共聚物(具体为苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、EVA、聚烯烃、聚氨酯、聚乙烯基醚和有机硅。优选地，所述层不含显著含量的可迁移组分，其中这些组分与发泡层物质的相容性足够良好，以至于显著量的这些组分扩散至发泡层中并改变它的性质。
根据本发明的胶粘带的软相通常可包含至少一种增粘树脂。可使用的增粘树脂具体为脂族、芳族和/或烷基芳族烃树脂、基于纯单体的烃树脂、氢化烃树脂、官能烃树脂，以及天然树脂。增粘树脂优选为选自以下的增粘树脂：蒎烯树脂、茚树脂和松香树脂，以及它们的歧化的、氢化的、聚合的和/或酯化的衍生物和盐，萜烯树脂，和萜烯-苯酚树脂，以及C5-烃树脂、C9-烃树脂和其它烃树脂。这些树脂和其它树脂的组合也可有利地使用，以按希望调节所得胶粘剂组合物的性质。特别优选地，增粘树脂为选自萜烯-苯酚树脂和松香酯的增粘树脂。
根据本发明的胶粘带的软相可包含一种或者多种填料。一种或者多种填料可存在于软相的一个或者多个层中。
优选地，软相包含聚合物泡沫体，以及聚合物泡沫体包含部分或者完全膨胀的微球，特别地，优选的是聚合物泡沫体的聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚丙烯酸酯，并且特别优选地，聚合物泡沫体的聚合物基础由一种或者多种聚丙烯酸酯构成。微球包括具有热塑性聚合物外壳的弹性中空珠粒；因此，它们也被称为可膨胀聚合物微珠或者中空微珠。所述珠粒包含低沸点液体或者液化气体。使用的具体外壳材料为聚丙烯腈、聚二氯乙烯(PVDC)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺或者聚丙烯酸酯。特别适合的低沸点液体为低级烷烃，例如异丁烷或者异戊烷，其中这些烷烃以液化气体的形式在压力下包含在聚合物外壳中。将微球暴露于物理影响，例如暴露于热(具体地，通过热引入或者热产生，例如通过超声或者微波辐射引起)，首先导致聚合物外壳软化，同时，位于外壳中的液体发泡气转化成气体状态。当压力和温度的特定组合(也称为临界组合)出现时，微球经历不可逆的尺寸增加并在三维上膨胀。当内部和外部压力相等时，膨胀结束。由于聚合物外壳保留，所得产物为闭孔泡沫体。
多种类型的微球可商购，例如Akzo Nobel的Expancel DU(干燥未膨胀的)产品，大体上通过它们的尺寸(在未膨胀的状态为6-45μm直径)和膨胀所需要的初始温度(75°C-220°C)来区分。
也可得到固体含量或者微球含量为约40-45重量%的呈水分散体形式的未膨胀的微球产品，而且，还可得到呈聚合物结合微球(母料(masterbatches))形式的未膨胀的微球产品，例如在乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯中浓度为约65重量%微球。也可得到所谓的微球浆液系统，其中微球以水分散体的形式存在，固体含量为60-80重量%。如同DU产品一样，所述微球分散体、微球浆液和母料也适于发泡存在于本发明要求保护的胶粘带的软相中的聚合物泡沫体。
根据本发明，特别优选的是，聚合物泡沫体包含微球，所述微球在25°C在未膨胀状态具有3μm-40μm，具体为5μm-20μm的直径，和/或在膨胀后具有10μm-200μm，具体为15μm-90μm的直径。
优选的是，聚合物泡沫体包含至多30重量%微球，具体为0.5重量%-10重量%微球，在每种情况中基于聚合物泡沫体的全部组成。
优选地，本发明胶粘带的软相的聚合物泡沫体(就该相包含聚合物泡沫体而言)的特征在于实质上不含开孔腔室。特别优选的是，在聚合物泡沫体中，不具有它们自己的聚合物外壳的腔室(即，开孔)的比例不超过2体积%，具体地，不超过0.5体积%。因此，聚合物泡沫体优选为闭孔泡沫体。
本发明要求保护的胶粘带的软相也可任选包含高比例(即，0.1-50重量%)的粉状和/或颗粒状填料，染料和颜料，以及具体为磨蚀和增强填料，例如白垩(CaCO3)、二氧化钛、氧化锌和炭黑，基于软相的全部组成。
可存在于软相中的其它材料为低可燃性填料，例如多聚磷酸铵；导电填料，例如导电炭黑、碳纤维和/或覆银珠粒；导热材料，例如氮化硼、氧化铝、碳化硅；铁磁性添加剂，例如氧化铁(III)；增加体积的其它添加剂，例如起泡剂、实心玻璃珠粒、中空玻璃珠粒、碳化微珠、中空酚醛微珠、由其它材料制造的微珠；二氧化硅，硅酸盐，有机可再生原材料，例如木屑、有机和/或无机纳米粒子、纤维；老化抑制剂、光稳定剂、抗臭氧剂和/或混配剂。可使用的老化抑制剂优选为主老化抑制剂，例如4-甲氧基苯酚或者1076，或者辅助老化抑制剂，例如BASF的
TNPP或者
168，任选地，也可与彼此组合。可使用的其它老化抑制剂为吩噻嗪(C-自由基清除剂)，以及在氧存在下的氢醌甲基醚，以及氧本身。
软相的厚度优选为200-1800μm，特别优选为300-1500μm，特别为400-1000μm。根据本发明，软相的厚度根据ISO1923测定。
为得到本发明要求保护的胶粘带，硬相和软相彼此的粘合，或者在软相和/或硬相中提供的层彼此的粘合可例如通过层合或者共挤出实现。在硬相和软相之间可存在直接的(即，非介导的)粘合。所述排列也可在硬相和软相之间具有一个或者多个粘合促进层。本发明要求保护的胶粘带可进一步包含其它层。
优选地，待彼此粘合的层中的至少一个已经通过电晕预处理方法(使用空气或者氮气)、等离子体预处理方法(空气、氮气或者其它反应性气体，或者可按气溶胶形式使用的反应性化合物)，或者火焰预处理方法进行预处理，并且更优选地，多个待彼此粘合的层进行这样的预处理，并且更优选地，所有待彼此粘合的层已经进行这样的预处理。
在硬相的反面，即，在背对基底的侧面上，优选施用例如具有剥离性质或者UV稳定性质的功能层。所述功能层优选包含厚度≤20μm，特别优选≤10μm，特别为≤8μm，例如≤5μm的薄片，或者厚度≤10μm，特别优选≤6μm，具体为≤3μm，例如≤1.5μm的涂覆材料。薄片和涂覆材料优选包含UV吸收剂，和/或薄片或者涂覆材料的聚合物基础包含UV吸收和/或UV偏转基团。
可将薄片通过层合或者共挤出施用至硬相的反面。薄片优选包括金属化薄片。薄片的聚合物基础优选为选自以下的聚合物：聚亚芳基化合物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚氨酯、聚烯烃、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、离聚物和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。表达“主要组分”在这里表示“具有最大重量比例的组分，基于薄片的全部重量”。优选地，除了聚亚芳基化合物之外，对薄片列出的所有材料具有高UV稳定剂含量。
在一个具体实施方案中，本发明要求保护的胶粘带按照朝向基底的顺序包含功能层(如上所述)；硬相和软相，所述软相包含压敏胶粘剂层、聚合物泡沫体，和另一压敏胶粘剂层，所述聚合物泡沫体的聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚烯烃。下面的压敏胶粘剂层可具有作为剥离衬的保护盖，然而，不将保护盖视为本发明要求保护的胶粘带的一部分。
在另一个具体实施方案中，本发明要求保护的胶粘带按照朝向基底的顺序包含功能层(如上所述)；硬相和软相，所述软相具有压敏粘合性质并且软相的聚合物基础包含一种或者多种聚丙烯酸酯。再次，在此实施方案中，软相的下侧(即，面向基底的侧面)可具有作为剥离衬的保护盖，然而，不将保护盖视为本发明要求保护的胶粘带的一部分。
本发明还提供太阳能电池组件，其包含围绕其至少一部分边缘胶粘粘合的本发明要求保护的胶粘带。
本发明还提供本发明要求保护的胶粘带用于保护太阳能电池组件边缘的用途。
实施例
方法：
A)测量弯曲刚度
弯曲刚度通过使用Wolf的Softometer KWS测定。将15mm×75mm的待测材料的试条固定至试样台。可使试样台倾斜至30°，以此方式，使得在倾斜期间需要测试的介质与力传感器接触。通过传感器测定的以mN计的力表示可与弯曲刚度比较的值。
B)落锤试验
落锤试验通过基于落球试验(例如DIN52306，52338)和石冲击试验(参见DIN20567-3)的方法进行。在此试验中，在重力下加速的物体掉落在试验基底上，并评价所得损伤。
将掉落弹丸在管中引导，以得到精确的冲击面积。而且，冲击物具有限定的冲击面积和冲击分布(impact profile)，从而使得与面载荷相比，可研究点载荷的效果。使用冲击动能作为弹丸的可控变量，并可通过质量和通过落差改变。能量可从落差计算或者通过弹丸的冲击速率测定。速率通过使用光束系统测定。
使用的冲击物(impactor)为具有切口(cut-out)的不锈钢圆筒(cylinder)。冲击物的冲击面积为90mm2，计算为在圆筒基圆面积和切口面积之间的差。冲击物重400g。
作为结果测量的变量为基底的损伤程度和胶粘带的损伤程度。所述研究使用厚6mm的浮法玻璃片材的边缘，已向其施用相关边缘保护胶带。边缘保护胶带和玻璃的损伤程度是研究的测量变量。
为了评价每个试验，从四个可区别类别选择一个值，在这四个可区别类别之间存在明显差别。
这些是：
类别1：保护胶带无损伤或者仅仅极微的变形；
类别2：边缘保护胶带明显损伤，胶带被冲击穿透；
类别3：明显可见地穿透胶带，但是未损伤玻璃表面；
类别4：损伤浮法玻璃。
评价通过以下方法实现：对各个标准授予点。在这里第一步是基于是/否系统评价类别4中的损伤的出现。如果类别4中的损伤出现，那么在栏“玻璃破碎”和“损伤”中的每个中授予零点。
如果无类别4中的损伤出现，那么将5个基线点授予“玻璃破碎”标准，并在适当的情况下增为两倍或者增为三倍，以反映冲击物的落差(1m、1.5m和2m)。因此，如果在2m的落差未察觉类别4中的损伤，那么将15点授予“玻璃破碎”。也通过使用其它点数评价胶粘带损伤程度。在这里，类别1中的损伤以5点评价，类别2中的损伤以3点评价，以及类别3中的损伤以1点评价，在每种情况中，在标准“损伤程度”下评价。
最后，也将点数授予所谓的“边缘翘起”，即，胶粘带在围绕浮法玻璃的边缘胶粘粘合后是否保留在围绕边缘的位置。如果在整个范围周围均是这种情况，那么授予10个点。如果因为U形“臂”翘起而脱离围绕边缘的U形位置导致胶粘带从基底明显分离，那么授予零点。通过授予2、4、6或者8点(2点用于严重但不彻底的翘起/分离，8点用于仅轻微分离)，可进行适当的中间评价。
计算达到的点的总数。大的点数对应于符合使用标准，而相对低的点数表示缺陷。根据上面的描述，可达到的最大点数为30。表1整理了结果。
硬相和软相：
硬相H1：厚12μm的PET薄片
硬相H2：厚75μm的PET薄片
硬相H3：厚135μm的PE薄片
硬相H4：厚35μm的HDPE薄片
硬相H5：厚300μm的PU薄片
软相S1：由PE-EVA共混物(70重量%PE，30重量%EVA)制成的密度140kg/m3的泡沫体，厚400μm；在上部和下部侧面上分别设有厚50μm的树脂改性的压敏聚丙烯酸酯胶粘剂组合物。
软相S2：由PE-EVA共混物(70重量%PE，30重量%EVA)制成的密度140kg/m3的泡沫体，厚800μm；在上部和下部侧面上分别设有厚50μm的树脂改性的压敏聚丙烯酸酯胶粘剂组合物。
软相S3：厚800μm的自粘聚丙烯酸酯泡沫体。
软相S4：厚1000μm的聚丙烯酸酯泡沫体，在上部和下部侧面上分别设有厚50μm的树脂改性的压敏聚丙烯酸酯胶粘剂组合物。
就对比例不使用(本发明)软相而言，将硬相通过使用厚50μm的树脂改性的压敏聚丙烯酸酯胶粘剂组合物胶粘粘合在基底上。
表1：落锤试验结果
Claims (9)
1.用于保护玻璃边缘的胶粘带，其按照朝向待包覆基底的顺序包含衬层(硬相)和软相，所述软相包含聚合物泡沫体、粘弹性组合物和/或弹性体组合物，其中所述硬相厚度为≤150μm，所述软相厚度为≥200μm并且所述软相厚度与硬相厚度的比率为≥4。
2.权利要求1的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、离聚物和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
3.前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的聚合物基础为聚氯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
4.前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
5.前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的聚合物基础为选自以下的聚合物：聚烯烃、聚丙烯酸酯和上面列出的聚合物中的两种或者更多种的混合物。
6.前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述软相的厚度为至多1800μm。
7.前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带，其特征在于所述硬相的弯曲刚度为至多10mN/mm。
8.太阳能电池组件，其包含围绕太阳能电池组件边缘的至少一部分胶粘粘合的前述权利要求中至少一项的胶粘带。
9.权利要求1–7中至少一项的胶粘带用于保护太阳能电池组件边缘的用途。
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| DE102012210386A DE102012210386A1 (de) | 2012-06-20 | 2012-06-20 | Kantenschutzband |
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| CN105273391A (zh) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-27 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 超轻聚氨酯人造革组合物 |
| CN105838278A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-10 | 太仓海润太阳能有限公司 | 适用于双玻太阳能组件封边的新型胶带 |
| CN106349960A (zh) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-25 | 德莎欧洲公司 | 阻燃泡棉胶带 |
| CN111361255A (zh) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 深圳日高胶带新材料有限公司 | 一种环保汽车内饰胶带 |
| CN117637887A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-01 | 晶科能源(海宁)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件及光伏组件的制作方法 |
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- 2013-06-11 JP JP2013122584A patent/JP6140536B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105273391A (zh) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-01-27 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 超轻聚氨酯人造革组合物 |
| CN105273391B (zh) * | 2014-07-04 | 2019-08-23 | 现代自动车株式会社 | 超轻聚氨酯人造革组合物 |
| CN106349960A (zh) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-25 | 德莎欧洲公司 | 阻燃泡棉胶带 |
| CN105838278A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-10 | 太仓海润太阳能有限公司 | 适用于双玻太阳能组件封边的新型胶带 |
| CN111361255A (zh) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 深圳日高胶带新材料有限公司 | 一种环保汽车内饰胶带 |
| CN117637887A (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-01 | 晶科能源(海宁)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件及光伏组件的制作方法 |
| CN117637887B (zh) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-05-17 | 晶科能源(海宁)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件及光伏组件的制作方法 |
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| TW201400581A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
| US20170345959A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| US20130340827A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
| US9899552B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
| CN103509477B (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
| EP2684927A3 (de) | 2014-04-09 |
| CA2813530A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 |
| JP2014001383A (ja) | 2014-01-09 |
| EP2684927A2 (de) | 2014-01-15 |
| KR20130142948A (ko) | 2013-12-30 |
| JP6140536B2 (ja) | 2017-05-31 |
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