CN103509317A - Natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103509317A CN103509317A CN201210219204.5A CN201210219204A CN103509317A CN 103509317 A CN103509317 A CN 103509317A CN 201210219204 A CN201210219204 A CN 201210219204A CN 103509317 A CN103509317 A CN 103509317A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material and a preparation method thereof. The natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 95 parts of polylactic acid, 5 to 30 parts of natural fiber, 0 to 5 parts of coupling agent, 0 to 2 parts of antioxidant and 1 to 5 parts of nucleating agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: vacuum-drying the polylactic acid, the natural fibers and the nucleating agent at 60 to 100 DEG C for 6 to 12 hours, and removing moisture; weighing the components in parts by weight in proportion, blending all the raw materials in a blender for 5-10 minutes, extruding a mixture out of a twin-screw extruder at 160 to 200 DEG C, and performing cooling, grain-sized dicing and drying to obtain the natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material. Compared with the prior art, the natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the method is simple; the process is easy to implement; the composite material is high in performance, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer materials, be specifically related to a kind of natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a kind of renewable resources that derives from, and has the environmental friendliness polyester type macromolecular material of good biodegradability properties, biocompatibility.Simultaneously nontoxic to human body, degrade gradually in vivo and in physical environment, finally become carbonic acid gas and water, can not leave over any environmental issue.The intensity of PLA and good rigidly, but flexibility and impact property are poor, cost is high, and pure poly(lactic acid) crystallization velocity is slow, shaping cycle is long while using as moulding, is difficult to meet some service requirementss.In recent years polylactic acid modified research has been become to focus.Adopting low cost, high-intensity natural fiber and PLA compound, is one of measure being widely used.
The research of natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid has caused widely to be paid close attention to.The people such as Feng Yanhong utilize polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG), poly butylene succinate (PBS) to carry out toughening modifying to poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/sisal fibers (SF) matrix material, after PLA/SF compound system and toughner PEG, PBS banburying blend, through mold pressing, prepare PLA/SF fibre composite.Result shows: composite material toughness, impact property improve more remarkable, but the variation of its elongation at break and tensile strength not significantly (plastics, 2011,40 (2), 9-12).Chinese Patent Application No. is 200710198736.4 to disclose the resin combination of a kind of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) base, by adding silane coupling agent, improves the consistency between PLA resin and natural fiber, thereby improves the physical strength of composition.Chinese Patent Application No. is 01107011.0 to disclose a kind of fiber reinforcement polylactic acid composition, and wherein, fortifying fibre is selected from chitin fiber, glutin fiber, modification human hair keratin fiber, modified-cellulose or polyimide fiber.This method can keep excellent compatibility and the absorbability of poly(lactic acid), has also obviously improved the intensity of material simultaneously.Chinese Patent Application No. is 200710171659.3 to disclose a kind of preparation method of fully-degradable natural fibre/montmorillonite soil/lactic acid composite material, this invention is first made master batch by poly(lactic acid) and modified montmorillonoid and other auxiliary agent melt blendings, and then by master batch and poly(lactic acid), natural fiber blending extrusion in proportion.This matrix material is than pure poly(lactic acid), and mechanical property and flame retardant properties all increase.But foregoing invention all exists complicated operation, higher to equipment requirements, be difficult for industrialized feature.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of method simple in order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art existence, is easy to realize well behaved natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof in technique.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material, it is characterized in that, and by the component that comprises following parts by weight, made:
Poly(lactic acid) 70-95 part;
Natural fiber 5-30 part;
Coupling agent 0-5 part;
Oxidation inhibitor 0-2 part;
Nucleator 1-5 part.
Described matrix material is made by the component that comprises following preferred parts by weight:
Poly(lactic acid) 75-80 part;
Natural fiber 20-25 part;
Coupling agent 3-4 part;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.2-1 part;
Nucleator 1-5 part.
Described natural fiber is selected from one or more in hemp fibre, jute fibre, flax fiber, sisal fibers or bamboo fibers.
Described coupling agent is silane coupling agent, comprises 3-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl dimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane.
Described oxidation inhibitor is selected from four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) one or more in propionic acid octadecyl ester or β-positive octadecanol ester of (3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid.
Described nucleator is selected from talcum powder, montmorillonite or kaolin.
A preparation method for natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) by poly(lactic acid), natural fiber and nucleator vacuum-drying 6-12h at 60～100 ℃, to remove moisture;
(2) by following proportioning, take the component of each weight part: 70～95 parts of poly(lactic acid), 5～30 parts, natural fiber, 0～5 part of coupling agent, 0～2 part, oxidation inhibitor, 1～5 part of nucleator, all raw materials are blend 5～10min in mixer, then compound is extruded through twin screw extruder, 160～200 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material through cooling, pelletizing, after dry.
Compared with prior art, the inventive method is simple, production efficiency is high.By the method, when improving the consistency of poly(lactic acid) and starch, also strengthened its mechanical property and thermal characteristics, there is good forming process, and kept biodegradability, do not polluted the environment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be appreciated that, these embodiment are only for the present invention is described, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.Technician makes according to the present invention in actual applications improvement and adjustment, still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), hemp fibre and polynite are carried out to drying and processing, 80 ℃ of drying temperatures, 10 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 10min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 180 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), jute fibre and talcum powder are carried out to drying and processing, 60 ℃ of drying temperatures, 12 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 6min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 200 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), sisal fibers and kaolin are carried out to drying and processing, 70 ℃ of drying temperatures, 8 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 5min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 190 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), hemp fibre and polynite are carried out to drying and processing, 90 ℃ of drying temperatures, 7 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 6min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 160 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), bamboo fibers and talcum powder are carried out to drying and processing, 100 ℃ of drying temperatures, 9 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 8min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 170 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
Biodegradable natural fiber/lactic acid composite material in the present embodiment is made by the component that comprises following weight part:
The preparation method of the matrix material of the present embodiment is as follows:
According to proportioning above, take the component of each weight part, and poly(lactic acid), bamboo fibers and talcum powder are carried out to drying and processing, 85 ℃ of drying temperatures, 11 hours time of drying; By dried raw material blend 7min in mixer according to the above ratio, then compound is carried out to melt blending by twin screw extruder and extrude, 200 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material particle.According to the requirement of ASTM D638, D790 and D1525, carry out sample preparation and performance test, test result is in Table 1.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material, is characterized in that, by the component that comprises following parts by weight, is made:
Poly(lactic acid) 70-95 part;
Natural fiber 5-30 part;
Coupling agent 0-5 part;
Oxidation inhibitor 0-2 part;
Nucleator 1-5 part.
2. a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described matrix material is made by the component that comprises following preferred parts by weight:
Poly(lactic acid) 75-80 part;
Natural fiber 20-25 part;
Coupling agent 3-4 part;
Oxidation inhibitor 0.2-1 part;
Nucleator 1-5 part.
3. a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described natural fiber is selected from one or more in hemp fibre, jute fibre, flax fiber, sisal fibers or bamboo fibers.
4. a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described coupling agent is silane coupling agent, comprise 3-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane, 3-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl dimethoxy silane, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane.
5. a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described oxidation inhibitor is selected from four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) one or more in propionic acid octadecyl ester or β-positive octadecanol ester of (3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid.
6. a kind of natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described nucleator is selected from talcum powder, montmorillonite or kaolin.
7. a preparation method for natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) by poly(lactic acid), natural fiber and nucleator vacuum-drying 6-12h at 60～100 ℃, to remove moisture;
(2) by following proportioning, take the component of each weight part: 70～95 parts of poly(lactic acid), 5～30 parts, natural fiber, 0～5 part of coupling agent, 0～2 part, oxidation inhibitor, 1～5 part of nucleator, all raw materials are blend 5～10min in mixer, then compound is extruded through twin screw extruder, 160～200 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, obtain natural fiber/polylactic acid composite material through cooling, pelletizing, after dry.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104292439A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2015-01-21 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation method of sisal hemp cellulose nanowhisker/polylactic acid biological composite material |
| CN104987716A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 苏州珍展科技材料有限公司 | Preparation method for polyimide composite material for automobile |
| WO2016026920A1 (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-02-25 | Styrolution Group Gmbh | Polylactic acid composites with natural fibers |
| CN105713359A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2016-06-29 | 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 | Method for preparing long natural fiber/polylactic acid-based composite material |
| CN105907065A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparing method for modified polyactic composite |
| CN106009567A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of nano cellulose composite material |
| CN106084695A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-09 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fiber lactic acid composite material |
| CN107033564A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-11 | 同济大学 | Fine and polylactic acid blend composite the preparation method of bamboo fibre length after surface-modified |
| CN108716040A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-30 | 明光市天淼新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of complex fiber material that toughness is high |
| CN111748185A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-09 | 苏州环诺新材料科技有限公司 | Antibacterial plant fiber toughened PLA composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112779671A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | Preparation method of polylactic acid and chitin composite melt-blown filter material |
| CN113637300A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-12 | 杭州卓普新材料科技有限公司 | Full-biomass polylactic acid bamboo fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115260721A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 苏州卓聚新材料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant degradable composite material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016026920A1 (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-02-25 | Styrolution Group Gmbh | Polylactic acid composites with natural fibers |
| CN104292439A (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2015-01-21 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation method of sisal hemp cellulose nanowhisker/polylactic acid biological composite material |
| CN104292439B (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-01-13 | 桂林理工大学 | The preparation method of sisal cellulose nano whisker/poly(lactic acid) Biocomposite material |
| CN105713359A (en) * | 2014-11-30 | 2016-06-29 | 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 | Method for preparing long natural fiber/polylactic acid-based composite material |
| CN104987716A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-21 | 苏州珍展科技材料有限公司 | Preparation method for polyimide composite material for automobile |
| CN106009567A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-10-12 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of nano cellulose composite material |
| CN105907065A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparing method for modified polyactic composite |
| CN106084695A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-09 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fiber lactic acid composite material |
| CN107033564A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-11 | 同济大学 | Fine and polylactic acid blend composite the preparation method of bamboo fibre length after surface-modified |
| CN108716040A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-30 | 明光市天淼新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of complex fiber material that toughness is high |
| CN111748185A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-09 | 苏州环诺新材料科技有限公司 | Antibacterial plant fiber toughened PLA composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112779671A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | Preparation method of polylactic acid and chitin composite melt-blown filter material |
| CN113637300A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-12 | 杭州卓普新材料科技有限公司 | Full-biomass polylactic acid bamboo fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115260721A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 苏州卓聚新材料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant degradable composite material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115260721B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-11-21 | 苏州卓聚新材料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant degradable composite material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
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