CN103503226A - Cooling device and method for cooling an electrochemical energy accumulator - Google Patents
Cooling device and method for cooling an electrochemical energy accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103503226A CN103503226A CN201280021938.0A CN201280021938A CN103503226A CN 103503226 A CN103503226 A CN 103503226A CN 201280021938 A CN201280021938 A CN 201280021938A CN 103503226 A CN103503226 A CN 103503226A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
In a method for cooling an electrochemical energy accumulator (1), a first magnetic cooling fluid in a primary circuit flows at least temporarily through a first magnetic field (5) and at least temporarily through the electrochemical energy accumulator.
Description
The full content of priority application DE102011100602.1 becomes the application's a part by reference.
The present invention relates to a kind of cooling device for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator and method.This apparatus and method are known on principle in different realizations.
DE102009038065A1 has described a kind of apparatus and method for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator (the Galvanic monocell that particularly contains lithium), according to these apparatus and method, cooling agent streams or stream is worn accumulator, accumulator shell, the perhaps part of accumulator or its shell, this cooling agent is brought into play fire extinguishing function when breaking out of fire.
DE102009016867A1 has described a kind of device for storage of electrical energy, and it has heat conduction equipment, and it is applicable to supply with thermal power and/or derive thermal power from monocell toward monocell.The first measuring equipment obtains the temperature on precalculated position, and the second measuring equipment obtains current strength.Control appliance is determined the temperature difference according to obtained temperature and predetermined temperature, and depends on the temperature of measuring, the temperature difference be determined out and the current strength obtained turns on and off for heat conduction equipment and fluid supplying apparatus.
Can find out thus the performance that the objective of the invention is further to improve known devices and for the method for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator.This purpose is realized according to the described product of independent claims or method.Dependent claims should be useful improved procedure of the present invention protection is provided.
According to the present invention, a kind of device for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator is proposed, it has major circulatory system, therein the first magnetic cooling fluid at least temporarily stream wear maybe and can wear the first magnetic field by stream, and at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn electrochemical energy accumulator by stream.
Be understood to a kind of accumulator about electrochemical energy accumulator, it absorbs energy with electric form, can with the chemical species storage and the energy of storage with electric formal output to electrical appliance.The important example of this electrochemical energy accumulator is (particularly based on lithiumation) Galvanic monocell or by the battery pack of a plurality of Galvanic monocells structure.
Be understood to a kind of system for direct coolant about major circulatory system, by this system first cooling fluid, directly by another kind of liquid or heat transfer medium gaseous state and thermal source to be cooled or hot trap to be heated, carry out heat exchange.Preferably, cooling fluid also can be not only for cooling thermal source, but preferably also for the heat hot trap.Preferably, the second heat transfer medium that the first cooling fluid circulated in major circulatory system is circulated in second circulatory system cooling or the heating.
Be understood to a kind of liquid medium about cooling fluid, its physical attribute causes this liquid medium to be applicable to transmission heat.For example, the capacity of heat transmission that this physical attribute has been, large specific heat or the dynamic attribute of medium, make medium heat can be transferred to the dynamic attribute of another place from a place.Cooling fluid needn't or similarly have all these physical attributes simultaneously.
Be understood to a kind of liquid or cooling fluid about magnetic liquid or cooling fluid, it has at least one can be by the physical attribute of influence of magnetic field, preferably, because this magnetic cooling fluid has a large amount of magnetic moments.The important example of magnetic liquid is so-called ferrofluid.Other example is the liquid that shows so-called magneto-caloric effect.Particularly preferably, use the ferrofluid of magnetic heat about the present invention.
Ferrofluid is the example of the liquid made a response in magnetic field.Preferably, the ferrofluid material is comprised of several nanosizeds, magnetic particle that preferably suspend in carrier fluid.Preferably, described liquid is the suspension of magnetic particle, and this magnetic particle, in carrier fluid, preferably floats outstanding in water or oil.Particularly preferably, described particle is comprised of the material with heat calorie (thermokalorisch) attribute.The preferred solia particle face coat of handy polymerization is stable.Preferably, the ferrofluid stable dispersion, wherein solia particle not in time through and precipitation and also do not gather mutually in extremely strong magnetic field or be deposited as special phase from liquid.The book of RonaldRosenzweig " Ferrohydrodynamics " (EA1985, RonaldE.Rosensweig:Ferrohydrodynamics.DoverPublications, MineolaNY1997, ISBN0-486-67834-2) in introduce the ferrofluid material.
Statement " magnetic rheological liquid " (MRF) has represented and has been similar to the liquid that ferrofluid is made a response to magnetic field, but its can solidify contrary with ferrofluid.Yet magnetic rheological liquid is comprised of the suspension of the magnetic particle of micron size, magnetic particle wherein is greater than the particulate of the ferrofluid of typical nanosized.When larger MRF particulate is exposed in magnetic field, it is tending towards forming chain.Subsequently, the viscosity of MRF (" viscosity ") is enhanced, and makes it even can solidify, and particularly the pressure on acting on it is large that not enough so that chain is all the more so while disconnecting.Contrary with magnetic rheological liquid, ferrofluid does not preferably form chain.For ferrofluid, the random motion of particulate is not subject to particulate is aggregated to the restriction of power together.The viscosity of ferrofluid does not change or changes hardly in magnetic field, but it trends towards stopping in highfield or flowing into highfield.Magnetic rheology effect starts from the above particle size of 10 nanometers, therefore about ferrofluid of the present invention, preferably has the particle size below 10 nanometers.
Ferrofluid preferably superparamagnetism and have few to considerably less hysteresis.Particulate preferably is comprised of iron, magnetic iron ore or cobalt and preferably is less than magnetic domain, and typical diameter is the 5-10nm(nanometer).Liquid on every side is oil or water preferably, may be also wax.Preferably be added with surfactant so that stable suspension makes with the particulate of micella mode combination mutually exclusive due to steric interaction by the method.
Superparamagnetism, also be the superparamagnetism effect, means the magnetic properties of the very little particulate of ferromagnetic material, if interrupt in the magnetic field before applied, attribute does not keep permanent magnetization when the temperature lower than Curie temperature yet.This phenomenon relaxes as basis with so-called Neil so that so-called Blang is lax, and lax by these, the magnetic moment of particulate changes by thermal impact (without influence of magnetic field).
The gathering of this particulate shows as macroscopic such as the picture paramagnetic material, but has the high magnetic saturation of ferromagnetic material.Contrary with real paramagnetic material, described particulate is not single atom but little magnetic particle, and they uncorrelatedly change its direction of magnetization.The considered material that depends on of superparamagnetism is less than definite particle size.Precondition to this is, the particle of material is very little, to such an extent as to it only forms a magnetic domain, it does not also have or have little magnetic anisotropy.In this case, especially simply, all magnetic moments are directed on unified direction by external magnetic field.If the superparamagnetism phenomenon, occur in the reduced magnetic domain size to depending on material of particle or narrow down to and be less than the magnetic domain size that depends on material.The particle size that depends on material also is marked as " superparamagnetism boundary ".
The important example of ferrofluid is the watery of nanoparticle or oily suspension, and it preferably comprises MnZnFe
2o
4or gadolinium or gadolinium compound.In american documentation literature US5958282 and US5322756, disclose a plurality of about manufacturing the example of magnetic liquid.Hereby include clearly and all sidedly the disclosure of these documents in this specification.
Magneto-caloric effect is understood to a kind of phenomenon, wherein its heating when material is exposed to high-intensity magnetic field, and it turns cold when removing magnetic field.This phenomenon is by the appearance of the magnetic moment by the field orientation material, and this orientation weakens along with weakening of magnetic field conversely.The directed velocity of magnetic moment demonstrates the obvious hysteresis behavior that depends on respective material usually.The suitable alloy that has few magnetic hysteresis by targeted selection, the technical staff finds to be suitable as the material of cooling agent: by regular magnetization with derive the heat produced simultaneously, can enoughly in fact show cooling effect.
Magneto-caloric effect is the magnetothermodynamics phenomenon, and wherein variable magnetic field causes the reversible variations in temperature of material, particularly as long as this material can be not all the more so with its environment exchanged heat.In low temperature physics, this effect is also referred to as adiabatic demagnetization.Magneto-caloric effect is suitable for cooling magneto-caloric material, as or magnetic hot liquid (preferably ferrofluid).In this case, the magnetic hot liquid flows through or stream is worn magnetic field, and it preferably is directed to magnetic particle on magnetic direction when magnetic particle enters this magnetic field.When liquid leaves from magnetic field, the heat exchange of liquid and surrounding environment is completely or partially avoided, be accompanied by that liquid leaves from magnetic field and occur gradually, make magnetic particle reorientation on the direction of the Random assignment of magnetic particle magnetic moment cause the temperature of liquid to descend.Therefore, magnetic particle is obtained for the necessary energy of Random assignment that forms the magnetic particle magnetic moment or the part of this energy from liquid.
Cooling in order to construct magnetic according to the present invention, preferably use the closed cycle system of mobile ferrofluid.Magnetic (first) cooling fluid stream is worn magnetic field.In this case, the magnetic particle magnetic moment of liquid passes through field orientation.During passing through the field orientation magnetic moment, magnetic liquid preferably contacts with cooler heat conduction, preferably by the second circulatory system heat conduction contact that has the second cooling fluid stream to wear, the first cooling fluid can flow to the second cooling fluid to heat, makes thus its temperature can not improve during directed magnetic moment on magnetic direction or improve as few as possible.Therefore, preferably avoided raising along with may be accompanied by the temperature that directed magnetic moment progressively occurs on magnetic direction under adiabatic condition, wherein energy fully as much as possible (is preferably worn the second heat transfer medium of second circulatory system) as heat and is flowed to cooler by stream, and is fed to thus surrounding environment.
Particularly preferably, by field orientation during the magnetic moment of first (magnetic) cooling fluid, while in connecting Shi Huo magnetic field, magnetic field, entering or flowing into first (magnetic) cooling fluid, occur in the heat exchange between the first (magnetic) cooling fluid and cooler (preferably by stream, wearing the second heat transfer medium of second circulatory system), thereby do not change or change as few as possible when the temperature that makes first (magnetic) cooling fluid enters or flow into first (magnetic) cooling fluid in connecting Shi Huo magnetic field, magnetic field.In this case, first (magnetic) cooling fluid flows to cooler (preferably by stream, wearing the second heat transfer medium of second circulatory system) to heat.One heat exchanger preferably is set for this reason, and it preferably is arranged in magnetic field, and it makes and between the first (magnetic) cooling fluid and cooler or stream are worn the second heat transfer medium of second circulatory system, heat exchange occurs and become possibility.
When leaving or turn-off magnetic field, avoid as far as possible the first cooling fluid and cooler or stream to wear the heat exchange of the second heat transfer medium of second circulatory system, in other words with the heat exchange of surrounding environment.When the completely or partially thermal insulation of the first cooling fluid, when leaving or turn-off magnetic field, the temperature of the first cooling fluid reduces.Leave or turn-off magnetic field during or afterwards, make the first cooling fluid contact with utilizing object conducting heat to be cooled, preferably with electrochemical energy accumulator to be cooled or contact with the cooler heat conduction of vehicle cooling recirculation system, the first cooling fluid can contact and absorb heat by heat conduction subsequently, and cooling electrochemical energy accumulator to be cooled or the cooler of vehicle cooling recirculation system in this case, thereby make the temperature occurred under adiabatic condition reduce and can completely or partially disappear or offset by heat absorption.
According to device of the present invention or the method according to this invention, can not only be used to cooling.Under the low ambient temperature condition, (for example winter), it especially also was suitable for the temperature of regulating cell group.This preferably, by the cooler in second circulatory system is passed through to triple valve, preferably uses servo drive from the incompatible realization of the second circulatory system decoupling.Under this operating state, the second cooling fluid is walked around the cooler of second circulatory system and is circulated in second circulatory system.Under this operational mode, the heat produced by irreversibility is retained in second circulatory system, and it can be fed to battery pack from second circulatory system by major cycle.
What (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is, the first magnetic field is produced by electromagnet at least in part, and this electromagnet provides electric current by electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.The advantage that embodiments of the invention have is, the magnetic field that affects magnetic cooling fluid attribute can easily be controlled or affect by the change of suitable magnetic field intensity and/or magnetic direction.When the electric current essential for generation of magnetic field can extract from electrochemical energy accumulator, if external power source is not provided, by the cooling electrochemical energy accumulator of magnetic cooling fluid, be also possible.Particularly, for mobile application (for example, in technology of transportation vehicle), this is common situation.
What (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed according to another preferred embodiment of the invention is, the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried by major circulatory system by pump electrically driven (operated), preferably magnetic, and this pump provides electric current by electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.The advantage that embodiments of the invention have is, when not being provided for the external power source of driving pump, the conveying of the first cooling fluid also can be realized by this pump.
Under this background, pump is understood to a kind of conveying equipment of liquid, and it is arranged to, and produces or maintain the liquid stream be transferred.Under this background, the pump of magnetic is understood to a kind of pump, and it utilizes the magnetic properties of magnetic liquid to carry this liquid, that is to say and produces or maintain the liquid stream be transferred.The important example of the pump of magnetic is so-called magnetic heat pump.The hot attribute of the magnetic of magnetic heat pump based on the magnetic hot liquid.
The magnetic hot liquid of stream poling forms temperature gradient be exposed on magnetic field in the part of pipe in thus.Wherein the heating of magnetic hot liquid makes this liquid lose at least in part its attraction on magnetic field, and the liquid of this heating replaced by colder liquid, and this colder liquid can also apply strong attraction on magnetic field.In this mode, the magnetic heat pump applies propulsive force on the magnetic hot liquid of stream poling, and it can be for delivery of liquid by pipe.The type of action of magnetic heat pump is based on this physical base present principles.Example about structure magnetic heat pump can find in US2006/0292013A1, and its disclosure is included in this specification at this point clearly and all sidedly.Another example of magnetic heat pump is illustrated in US3819299.Hereby include clearly and all sidedly the disclosure of the document in this specification.
(its technical characterictic also can be combined by the technical characterictic with other embodiment) proposes according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first cooling fluid at least temporarily by heat, preferably convection current is freely carried and is passed through major circulatory system.Therefore its advantage is, if be not provided for driving the energy of described pump, especially in other words in following situation, wherein do not provide the state of charge of external power source and electrochemical energy accumulator not allow or while not expecting to occur extracting energy, can realize carrying the first cooling fluid by major cycle yet.This situation often is present in mobile application, namely especially in technology of transportation vehicle.
Under this background, the term thermal convection is construed as heat is delivered to from a position mechanism of another position.Convection current is by conveying finely divided mobile causing.The mobile reason of being transmitted can be different power, for example gravity or the power that caused by pressure differential, density contrast, temperature difference or concentration difference.
In this case, be divided into free or natural convection current and the convection current forced, for free or natural convection current, the particulate transportation is except the effect by temperature gradient causes, also for example by being caused by the floating of fluid or sinking by the caused density contrast of temperature change, and particulate transportation causes by external action for the convection current forced, for example fan or pump.The convection current freely of the density contrast based on hot is because material expands usually when warming.Under gravitational effect, rise (floating) with respect to gravitational field in the zone that internal fluid has less density, and the zone that simultaneously has higher density descends.
What (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is, the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn the first heat exchanger, wherein the first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid exchanged heat, the second cooling fluid stream is worn second circulatory system.The mode of this heat radiation from the first cooling fluid (wherein the first cooling fluid is cooled thermal output to the second cooling fluid) is that ratio is as more effective with cooling the first cooling fluid of air in many cases.When this cooling magnetic particle in the first cooling fluid by during the field orientation magnetic moment or before the time while occurring, this cooling particularly effective.Therefore particularly preferably, heat exchanger is arranged in magnetic field.
Under this background, heat exchanger is understood to a kind of equipment, and it is delivered to another material stream by heat energy from a material stream.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposes according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the first heat exchanger is exposed to the first magnetic field at least in part and/or at least temporarily.The advantage that this embodiment of the present invention has is, first (magnetic) cooling fluid is during magnetic particle passes through the field orientation magnetic moment, can be with hot reservoir (preferably with surrounding environment, particularly preferably by the cooler in second circulatory system) exchanged heat, can during magnetic particle is by the field orientation magnetic moment, completely or partially avoid thus the temperature of the first cooling fluid to improve.During magnetic particle is by the field orientation magnetic moment, the temperature of the first cooling fluid rises lesser, during magnetic particle is by the field orientation magnetic moment, have more heat energy to be obtained from the first cooling fluid and cooling effect may be larger, the first cooling fluid magnetic particle by turn-off or leave magnetic field eliminate the orientation of magnetic moment after or during energy this cooling effect is put on to object to be cooled.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment), a kind of triple valve in second circulatory system has been proposed, use this triple valve second cooling fluid directedly at least temporarily to pass through cooler, but also can directedly at least temporarily walk around cooler.
Under this background, cooler is understood to a kind of equipment, and it is for coming cooling the first heat transfer medium or thermal source by contacting with the second heat transfer medium or with hot trap heat conduction.Cooler is used in derives heat, and it brings temperature more or less to descend.Be responsible for transporting heat at the hot cooling body of the upper absorption of coolant (being air or water mostly).According to needing, cooler also can work with another kind of operational mode on another direction, thereby makes the first heat transfer medium or hot trap contact and be heated by the heat conduction with the second heat transfer medium or thermal source.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposes according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the second cooling fluid is a kind of magnetic cooling fluid, and it can wear the second magnetic field by stream in second circulatory system.For this embodiment of the present invention, second circulatory system and major circulatory system are similar is the cooling circulate coolant of magnetic.The second cooling agent wherein flowed can be cooling by third level cooling recirculation system.By this way, a plurality of circulating cooling systems are possible, by these circulating cooling systems, some the level by magnetic cooling and other the level by cooling in a usual manner.This embodiment of the present invention also meets magnetic cooling recirculation system and or the non magnetic cooling recirculation system of multistage layout.
What (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is, the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn or can be worn the second heat exchanger by stream, wherein the first cooling fluid can with the cooling recirculation system exchanged heat of the inner space of the vehicles.The advantage that this embodiment of the present invention has is, when not needing cooling electrochemical energy accumulator, the cooling effect of magnetic cooling recirculation system can be applied to other purposes.A kind of preferred possibility (possibility of namely cooling effect of magnetic cooling recirculation system otherwise being applied) is, preferably by vehicles cooling recirculation system, to the inner space of the vehicles, regulates temperature.
What (its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is, cooler in second circulatory system preferably uses triple valve, preferably passes through bypass path (" By-Pass ") from the second circulatory system uncoupling.The advantage that this embodiment of the present invention has is, the heat that can will irreversibly produce is retained in system and can uses it for battery pack, that is to say electrochemical energy accumulator is carried out to adjustment.When by means of device according to the present invention, battery pack being carried out to adjustment, heat flows into battery pack from " cooling system ".
In addition, according to the present invention proposes a kind of vehicles that use device in any one of the preceding claims wherein.This embodiment of the present invention particularly, wherein magnetic field produces by electromagnet, the electric current stream that electromagnet is extracted by electrochemical energy accumulator is worn, the advantage that this purposes relevant with the electrochemical energy accumulator of the vehicles has is, it makes it possible to not rely on the availability of other power supplys and electrochemical energy accumulator is carried out according to of the present invention cooling.
According to the invention allows for a kind of method for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator, wherein, in major circulatory system first (magnetic) cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn the first magnetic field by stream, and at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn electrochemical energy accumulator by stream.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the first magnetic field is produced by electromagnet at least in part, and this electromagnet provides electric current by electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein at least temporarily, by being carried by major circulatory system by pump electrically driven (operated), preferably magnetic, this pump provides electric current by electrochemical energy accumulator to the first cooling fluid at least in part and/or temporarily.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried and passed through major circulatory system by thermal convection.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream wear the first heat exchanger, wherein the first cooling fluid and stream are worn the second cooling fluid exchanged heat of second circulatory system.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein the first heat exchanger is exposed to the first magnetic field at least in part and/or temporarily.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein in second circulatory system, triple valve is set, use this triple valve second cooling fluid to wear cooler by directed at least temporarily stream, but also can directedly at least temporarily walk around cooler.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein the second cooling fluid is the magnetic cooling fluid, and it can wear the second magnetic field by stream in second circulatory system.
(its technical characterictic also can combine with the technical characterictic of other embodiment) proposed a kind of method according to another preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream wear maybe and can wear the second heat exchanger by stream, wherein the first cooling fluid can with the cooling recirculation system exchanged heat of the inner space of the vehicles.
Below by preferred embodiment, also present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.Illustrated in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the indicative icon according to the preferred embodiment of device of the present invention;
Schematic and the Utopian flow chart of the embodiment that Fig. 2 is the method according to this invention;
Fig. 3 is schematic and Utopian flow chart according to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is schematic and Utopian flow chart according to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention.
The present invention can be got across at the embodiment according to device of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.First (magnetic) cooling fluid (preferably ferrofluid) stream is worn major circulatory system 2,3,4, pass the battery pack that electrochemical energy accumulator 1(preferably consists of the Galvanic monocell), in section 3, the magnetic cooling fluid absorbs heat from battery pack or from the monocell that forms battery pack within it.Therein in driven for example, the situation for (vehicle interior to be cooled) heating cold battery pack or other hot traps of major circulatory system, the first cooling fluid as thermophore, work and thermal output to hot trap to be heated.Preferably, in electrochemical energy accumulator or thermal source or hot trap, arrange passage 3, the first cooling fluid streams wear this passage and in this case can with radiator or thermal source exchanged heat.
Preferably, first (magnetic) cooling fluid is carried and is passed through major circulatory system by pump 4.This pump is the pump of magnetic preferably.After leaving electrochemical energy accumulator 1 or thermal source 1 or radiator 1, the first cooling fluid inflow heat exchanger 12, therein the first cooling fluid preferably can with the second cooling fluid or with air or other gas exchanged heat.Preferably, the second cooling fluid stream is worn second circulatory system 6,7,8,10 under cooler 9, and this cooler is preferably cooling by air 11.Cooling duct 10, the second cooling fluid streams preferably are set in cooler 9 and wear this cooling duct.Preferably, pump 7 is carried the second cooling fluid in the second circulation.
In magnetic field 5, heat exchange 12 occurs between the first (magnetic) cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid, and this magnetic field is preferably produced by electromagnet 5a, 5b, and electromagnet 5a, 5b provide electric current by electrochemical energy accumulator.
In the Utopian embodiment shown in Fig. 2, first (magnetic) cooling fluid when the major circulatory system through Utopian magnetothermodynamics cyclic process, its once through the time heat exchange of this first cooling fluid by isothermal from the thermal source for temperature T 1 extract heat T1*DS and equally the heat exchange by isothermal to the hot trap quantity of heat given up T2*DS with lower temperature T2.Adiabatic (constant entropy) step a and c are between the step b and cyclic process of two isothermals.In step a, the temperature of cooling fluid is brought up to higher heat source temperature from lower hot trap temperature T 2.In the magnetothermodynamics cyclic process, can not occur as thermal insulation (constant entropy) compression by working gas in common Carnot cycle, but occurred by (constant entropy) magnetization of the thermal insulation of the first cooling fluid of magnetic, wherein this cooling fluid enters from the space without magnetic field (H2=0) magnetic field that intensity is H1.When thermal insulation (constant entropy) magnetization of the first cooling fluid of magnetic, its temperature is brought up to higher heat source temperature T1 by the hot trap temperature T 2 from lower.In another thermal insulation (constant entropy) process steps c, the first cooling fluid of magnetic is left from magnetic field, and wherein its temperature is reduced to T2 from T1, and this is because the first cooling fluid of magnetic insulated ground (constant entropy ground) demagnetizationization in process steps c.
In reality, the heat exchanging process of isothermal will complete infinitely slowly, because for the heat exchange completed in finite time, must want limited temperature difference.The cyclic process more geared to actual circumstances shown in Figure 3, wherein isothermal ground does not carry out the heat exchange b ' with thermal source.In other words, when with thermal source, carrying out heat exchange b ', the temperature of the first cooling fluid is brought up to T2 from temperature T 3.In this case, the first cooling fluid of magnetic absorbs heat from thermal source, and it is corresponding to the area between horizontal axis and curved section b '.In process steps d ', the first cooling fluid of magnetic is exported to hot trap by heat, and it is corresponding to the area between horizontal axis and curved section d '.
For the embodiment according to device of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, heat exchanging process 3,10,12 not strict isothermal ground are realized.In other words, the first cooling fluid of magnetic is current will absorb heat through electrochemical energy accumulator 1 under the situation that improves its temperature.When there is no magnetic field H, the first cooling fluid of magnetic is current emits heat through the first heat exchanger 12 under the situation that reduces its temperature.When applying sufficiently high magnetic field H, magnetization will suppress the reduction of temperature, and this magnetizes according to the intensity in magnetic field and reduces according to this temperature of fully overcompensation of magnetic properties of cooling fluid.For the device shown in Fig. 1, magnetization is definitely in no case to realize insulatedly, but isothermal even approx perhaps is exactly this situation when when by the field orientation magnetic moment, extra energy can be exported to the first cooling fluid by the second cooling fluid at heat exchanger 12 places.
When leaving magnetic field 5, when the first cooling fluid of magnetic is left Shi，Gai magnetic field, magnetic field additional energy when the first cooling fluid of magnetic obtains directed magnetic moment by demagnetization.This process steps near adiabatic realizes (constant entropy), and therefore the temperature of the first cooling fluid is reduced as far as possible doughtily, or with thermal source to be cooled, contact as well as possible, and the cooling fluid of magnetic can absorb hot as much as possible from thermal source thus.
About the present invention, the process steps of the cyclic process of magnetothermodynamics is strict as far as possible thermal insulation or the realization of isothermal ground utterly in addition.Fig. 4 illustrates the example of cyclic process, wherein two process steps e and f neither thermal insulation also not isothermal ground carry out.However, the thermal source that the first cooling fluid of magnetic is T4 from temperature obtains heat, and the hot trap that is T2 to temperature by thermal output.In this case, cooling fluid can absorb and to output to the heat of radiator more from thermal source, and cooling effect is by better.
Claims (15)
1. the device for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator (1), it is characterized in that, described device has major circulatory system (2,3,4), in described major circulatory system the first cooling fluid of magnetic temporarily stream wear maybe and can wear the first magnetic field (5) by stream, and at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn described electrochemical energy accumulator by stream.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first magnetic field is produced by electromagnet (5a, 5b) at least in part, and described electromagnet is powered by described electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.
3. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried by described major circulatory system by pump electrically driven (operated), preferably magnetic (4), and the pump of described magnetic provides electric current by described electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.
4. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried by described major circulatory system by thermal convection.
5. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn the first heat exchanger (12), and in described the first heat exchanger, described the first cooling fluid and stream are worn the second cooling fluid exchanged heat of second circulatory system (8,9,10).
6. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described the first heat exchanger is exposed to described the first magnetic field at least in part and/or at least temporarily.
7. device as described as any one in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, be provided with triple valve (6) in described second circulatory system, use described triple valve, the second cooling fluid can be worn cooler by directed at least temporarily stream, but also can directedly at least temporarily walk around cooler.
8. device as described as any one in claim 5 to 7, is characterized in that, described the second cooling fluid is the cooling fluid of magnetic, and the cooling fluid of described magnetic can be worn the second magnetic field by stream in described the second circulation.
9. as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn the second heat exchanger by stream, wherein said the first cooling fluid can with the cooling recirculation system exchanged heat of the inner space of the vehicles.
10. the vehicles that have as device in any one of the preceding claims wherein.
11. the method for cooling electrochemical energy accumulator, is characterized in that, the first cooling fluid of magnetic in major circulatory system at least temporarily stream wear or can wear the first magnetic field by stream, and at least temporarily stream is worn maybe and can be worn described electrochemical energy accumulator by stream.
12. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first magnetic field is produced by electromagnet at least in part, and described electromagnet provides electric current by described electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.
13. as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried by described major circulatory system by pump electrically driven (operated), preferably magnetic, and the pump of described magnetic provides electric current by described electrochemical energy accumulator at least in part and/or temporarily.
14. as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid is at least temporarily carried by described major circulatory system by thermal convection.
15. as method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described the first cooling fluid at least temporarily stream is worn the first heat exchanger, wherein said the first cooling fluid and stream are worn the second cooling fluid exchanged heat of second circulatory system.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011100602.1 | 2011-05-05 | ||
| DE201110100602 DE102011100602A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | Cooling device and method for cooling an electrochemical energy store |
| PCT/EP2012/001796 WO2012150016A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2012-04-26 | Cooling device and method for cooling an electrochemical energy accumulator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103503226A true CN103503226A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
Family
ID=46027904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280021938.0A Pending CN103503226A (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2012-04-26 | Cooling device and method for cooling an electrochemical energy accumulator |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2705566A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014520353A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20140028042A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103503226A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011100602A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012150016A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105307456A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-02-03 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Thermal magnetic cooling system and electronic device |
| CN105591176A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-18 | 福特全球技术公司 | Magnetically Controlled Traction Battery Thermal Plate |
| CN109144208A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-04 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | A kind of radiator, cooling system and electronic equipment |
| CN112245846A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-22 | 卢博 | Magnetic early warning formula fire control shower nozzle is used in wisdom fire control |
| CN112629061A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 包头稀土研究院 | Magnetic field refrigeration heat exchange fluid circulation system and heat circulation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014006733A1 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-26 | Audi Ag | Device for temperature control of a vehicle-side electrical energy storage |
| DE102017218223A1 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Cooling device for cooling with magnetocaloric particles in Disperson |
| DE102020109329B4 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2022-01-13 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical drive system with magnetocaloric temperature control device for busbars of an electric or hybrid vehicle |
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| US3819299A (en) | 1972-11-10 | 1974-06-25 | Nasa | Magnetocaloric pump |
| US5322756A (en) | 1992-07-09 | 1994-06-21 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic fluids and method of preparation |
| JPH0660914A (en) * | 1992-08-08 | 1994-03-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery cooling device |
| US5958282A (en) | 1997-02-21 | 1999-09-28 | Ferrofluidic Corporation | Low cost method for manufacturing ferrofluid |
| JP4303879B2 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2009-07-29 | 株式会社東芝 | Magnetic refrigeration equipment |
| JP2005055060A (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2005-03-03 | Denso Corp | Magnetic heat accumulating device |
| US20060292013A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-28 | Love Lonnie J | Magnetocaloric pump for microfluidic applications |
| FR2933539B1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2011-02-25 | Cooltech Applications | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THERMALLY REGULATING A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY |
| DE102009016867A1 (en) | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-14 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | Accumulator with extended life |
| DE102009038065A1 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2011-02-24 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | Method and device for cooling an electrochemical energy store |
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2011
- 2011-05-05 DE DE201110100602 patent/DE102011100602A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-26 JP JP2014508710A patent/JP2014520353A/en active Pending
- 2012-04-26 KR KR1020137031649A patent/KR20140028042A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-26 CN CN201280021938.0A patent/CN103503226A/en active Pending
- 2012-04-26 WO PCT/EP2012/001796 patent/WO2012150016A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-26 EP EP12718914.0A patent/EP2705566A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105591176A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-18 | 福特全球技术公司 | Magnetically Controlled Traction Battery Thermal Plate |
| CN105307456A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2016-02-03 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Thermal magnetic cooling system and electronic device |
| US10670309B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2020-06-02 | Lenovo (Beijing) Co., Ltd. | Thermo-magnetic cooling system and electronic apparatus |
| CN109144208A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-04 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | A kind of radiator, cooling system and electronic equipment |
| CN112245846A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-22 | 卢博 | Magnetic early warning formula fire control shower nozzle is used in wisdom fire control |
| CN112629061A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 包头稀土研究院 | Magnetic field refrigeration heat exchange fluid circulation system and heat circulation method thereof |
| CN112629061B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2024-03-29 | 包头稀土研究院 | Magnetic field refrigeration heat exchange fluid circulation system and heat circulation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20140028042A (en) | 2014-03-07 |
| EP2705566A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| JP2014520353A (en) | 2014-08-21 |
| WO2012150016A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| DE102011100602A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
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Application publication date: 20140108 |